Health physics最新文献_第3页

Unusual Encounters in Medical Health Physics and Nuclear Medicine: Learning From the Unexpected. 医学、健康物理和核医学中的不寻常遭遇：从意外中学习。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001974

Kimyli Lemieux, Bryan Lemieux, Olwen Burton, M Elizabeth Oates, Xingyu Nie, Georgette Lauersdorf, Riham El Khouli, Elizabeth Cheatham, Blaine Mischen, Jie Zhang

{"title":"Unusual Encounters in Medical Health Physics and Nuclear Medicine: Learning From the Unexpected.","authors":"Kimyli Lemieux, Bryan Lemieux, Olwen Burton, M Elizabeth Oates, Xingyu Nie, Georgette Lauersdorf, Riham El Khouli, Elizabeth Cheatham, Blaine Mischen, Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001974","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This paper presents six case studies highlighting real-world incidents in nuclear medicine, focusing on issues such as radioactive contamination, equipment malfunctions, and safety risks. These cases illustrate the challenges faced in maintaining patient and staff safety during complex procedures, underscoring the importance of rapid response and clear communication among healthcare teams. Each case reveals the need for effective contamination control strategies, robust safety protocols, and staff preparedness to handle unexpected situations. The responses to these incidents emphasize the value of continuous staff training and adherence to best practices to minimize risks. This paper also discusses the importance of process improvements and protocol refinements, particularly in managing contamination, ensuring compliance with regulatory standards, and maintaining clinical operations. Lessons learned from these cases offer practical guidance for enhancing contamination control measures, optimizing safety practices, and reducing disruptions to treatment workflows. Finally, this paper emphasizes the importance of preparedness, adaptability, and continuous learning in maintaining a high standard of safety in nuclear medicine.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Radon-induced Radiation Damage. 微rna作为氡致辐射损伤潜在生物标志物的研究。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001969

Lu Sun, Na Wang, Jianlei Ruan, Gang Gao, Yan Pan, Chunnan Piao, Huanhuan Li, Sitong Liu, Zhuo Zhang, Yong Cui, Sumei Sun, Jianxiang Liu

{"title":"Study on MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Radon-induced Radiation Damage.","authors":"Lu Sun, Na Wang, Jianlei Ruan, Gang Gao, Yan Pan, Chunnan Piao, Huanhuan Li, Sitong Liu, Zhuo Zhang, Yong Cui, Sumei Sun, Jianxiang Liu","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001969","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: High concentrations of radon may cause radiation damage to the human body. Finding the biomarkers of radon-induced radiation damage is particularly important for the research and treatment of radon-induced lung cancer. In this study, the expression of γH2AX protein in peripheral blood lymphocytes of miners exposed to high concentrations of radon was detected by flow cytometry. To investigate the possible damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of miners under a high radon environment, a microRNA (miRNA) microarray technique was used to screen the differentially expressed miRNAs in the peripheral plasma of miners exposed to different concentrations of radon. Prediction of the target genes and the possible biological functions of differentially expressed miRNAs in the peripheral plasma of miners was performed. The results indicated that the relative expression level of γH2AX protein in peripheral blood lymphocytes of miners was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Bioinformatics methods were used to predict the differential expression miRNA chip to screen the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs and the signaling pathways that may be involved in screening differentially expressed miRNA target genes and to investigate the relationship between some different miRNA target genes and cellular pathways. The analysis of the cellular pathways predicted by differentially expressed miRNAs, including the process of cell cycle, provides new information for the study of miRNAs as potential biomarkers of radon-induced radiation damage in peripheral blood.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preliminary Study of Dose Rates to Rhinoceros Basal Cells from a Radioactive Source to Deter Poaching. 放射源对犀牛基底细胞剂量率抑制偷猎的初步研究。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001953

Jordan A Hillis, Craig M Marianno, Thomas E Johnson, James Larkin

{"title":"Preliminary Study of Dose Rates to Rhinoceros Basal Cells from a Radioactive Source to Deter Poaching.","authors":"Jordan A Hillis, Craig M Marianno, Thomas E Johnson, James Larkin","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001953","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The five populations of rhinoceros species have declined in the wild due to poaching and habitat degradation, with demand for rhinoceros horn driving the poaching industry. The poaching of rhinoceros horn has critically threatened the conservation status of over half of these animals in the world today. To combat this threat and safeguard the species, a method involving the insertion of a radiation source into the rhinoceros's horn has been proposed. This approach aims to deter poachers due to public fear of radiation and enable the detection of smuggled horns based on the source's radioactive properties. To determine the health risks to the rhinoceros, this study presents the dose rate response functions to the rhino's epithelial basal stem cells that form the horn. The assessed responses assumed a modeled source centered at 10 and 20 cm above the basal stem cells. To identify the most appropriate source, dose rates were produced from gamma sources ranging from 0.1 to 2 MeV. Using numerical calculations, conservative dose rate estimates were determined as a function of energy and normalized to source activity, providing a foundation for computational results using Monte Carlo N-Particle Code version 6.2. With the dose rate responses as a function of energy and activity, the risk of deterministic and stochastic effects in this most at-risk tissue were understood based on the skin dose limitations for preventing deterministic effects to the rhinoceros.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bridging Frameworks: A Comparison of Occupational Health and Safety's Hierarchy of Controls and the International System of Radiological Protection. 衔接框架：职业健康与安全控制层级与国际放射防护体系的比较。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001972

T Lynn MacDonald

{"title":"Bridging Frameworks: A Comparison of Occupational Health and Safety's Hierarchy of Controls and the International System of Radiological Protection.","authors":"T Lynn MacDonald","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001972","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Those responsible for radiological protection in the workplace come to the role through many different pathways. In the process of training radiation safety officers and x-ray safety officers, instructors at the Radiation Safety Institute of Canada have observed that, while many course participants will have previous radiological protection training, it is common for a significant number to have experience managing traditional occupational health and safety or industrial hygiene programs and no radiological protection background. Humans use mental models or schemas to understand the world. They assimilate new information based on their existing schemas. Those formally trained in radiological protection are well versed in the International System of Radiological Protection, based on the fundamental principles of justification, optimization, and limitation as described in International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 103. Those with training in occupational health and safety or industrial hygiene in Canada or the United States work within a framework called the hierarchy of controls. Given here is a comparison of these safety frameworks with consideration of how the health and safety schema of these two groups of radiological protection personnel may differ and areas on which to build a common understanding of radiological protection in the workplace. Hopefully, consideration of this topic will lead to improved communication and help safety professionals avoid misconceptions that might arise owing to differences in foundational knowledge.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimation of Effects of Filtration and Ventilation on Worker Inhalation Dose from Aerosols Produced during Nuclear Decommissioning Processes. 核退役过程中过滤和通风对工人吸入气溶胶剂量影响的估计。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001967

Nicholas Somer, Glenn Harvel, Ed Waller

{"title":"Estimation of Effects of Filtration and Ventilation on Worker Inhalation Dose from Aerosols Produced during Nuclear Decommissioning Processes.","authors":"Nicholas Somer, Glenn Harvel, Ed Waller","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001967","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: During the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, radioactive contaminants may be released into the work environment in the form of aerosols, which can expose workers through inhalation, ingestion, and submersion pathways. During dismantlement work, aerosol concentrations may increase due to release from materials. Typical engineering controls to reduce concentrations include air exchange as well as air filtration, which captures aerosols at their source. This work presents a model of radioactive aerosol concentration to estimate the reduction of (a) effluent aerosol concentration into the environment and (b) worker committed effective dose. Controlling the aerosol concentration mitigates the dose that the workers receive. Given that there exists a variety of filtration methods of varying efficiencies and throughputs, a method of estimating dose reduction for a variety of work scenarios is desirable. This work models the time-evolution of radionuclide aerosol concentration as a function of dismantlement work parameters such as work time, aerosol source rate, air exchange, and air filtration. The committed effective dose to a worker as well as the environmental radionuclide aerosol emissions are estimated over a typical 10-h work shift.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward a Scheme for Evaluating the Performance of Continuous Particulate Air Monitor Quantitative Methods. 连续颗粒物空气监测定量方法性能评价方案的探讨。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001966

William Evans

引用次数: 0

The Effect of X-ray Security Imaging on Optically Stimulated Luminescence Personnel Dosimetry. x射线安全成像对光激发发光人体剂量学的影响。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001958

Derek Lewis, Connor Williams, Seth Kanter

{"title":"The Effect of X-ray Security Imaging on Optically Stimulated Luminescence Personnel Dosimetry.","authors":"Derek Lewis, Connor Williams, Seth Kanter","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001958","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Federal regulations mandate that all radiological workers in the United States, as well as those individuals who may receive non-trivial occupational doses of radiation, must have their external radiation doses monitored and tracked as accurately as possible. Typically, this is done through the use of personnel dosimetry devices, such as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters, which are worn on the body and keep an accurate record of the radiation to which a person has been exposed over a period of time. Unfortunately, the inadvertent passage of OSL dosimeters through airport x-ray security scanners can compromise the accuracy of this running dose record and therefore impede the ability for employers to accurately report work-related doses. With the advent of advanced resolution security technology used in many airports, this once relatively minor issue now requires that the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Radiological Controls organization be able to accurately discern non-occupational doses received in this way. This research will discuss the methods and models for adjusting dose readings for Landauer InLight Model 2 OSL personnel dosimeters used at the INL that have been subjected to three types of x-ray scans commonly used at airport checkpoints, and the implications of these data across the rest of the US DOE complex.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discrete Bayesian Dose-response Analysis under Dose Uncertainty. 剂量不确定性下的离散贝叶斯剂量反应分析。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001965

Eduard Hofer

{"title":"Discrete Bayesian Dose-response Analysis under Dose Uncertainty.","authors":"Eduard Hofer","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001965","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Establishing a relationship between disease and dose requires each individual in the population under investigation to be known by disease status and by the value of the dose received. Frequently, the dose values are reconstructed using a dose assessment model containing imprecisely known parameter values, model formulations, and input data (epistemic uncertainties). As a consequence, the state of knowledge of the assessed dose values needs to be expressed by a joint subjective probability distribution thereby accounting for state of knowledge dependence due to uncertainties shared by the assessed dose values of several individuals. Dose-response analysis must apply this joint state of knowledge in obtaining a subjective probability distribution for the parameters of the dose-response model. This is achieved by drawing a random sample of dose vectors according to the joint distribution, by applying Bayes' theorem for each vector, and by averaging the posterior parameter distributions (Bayesian model averaging). If the dose response is quantified by a binary variable, a logistic regression model is embedded in the likelihood function. This paper presents a new, computationally efficient Bayesian model averaging method that operates over the discretized parameter space and thereby does away with the computational complexities of Bayesian methods. It corrects for the attenuation effect that is due to the application of dose vectors other than the true vector. Results obtained for a sample of dose vectors are compared to those obtained with the standard discrete Bayesian method using the true dose vector.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143500682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Occupational Exposure in Some Radiology Departments in Ghana. 加纳部分放射科职业暴露评估。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001973

K O Akyea-Larbi, Gustav Gbeddy, Edith Amoatey, Philip Manteaw, F Otoo

{"title":"Assessment of Occupational Exposure in Some Radiology Departments in Ghana.","authors":"K O Akyea-Larbi, Gustav Gbeddy, Edith Amoatey, Philip Manteaw, F Otoo","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001973","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Introduction: Medical workers account for about 75% of all workers exposed to ionizing radiation; therefore, occupational radiation protection is still a challenge in clinical practices and, consequently, measures should be put in place to optimize radiation in clinical practice. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the occupational radiation dose for staff in some selected radiology departments in Ghana as a precursor for optimization studies. Methods: A total of 68 occupationally exposed workers (OEWs) radiation dose history for 5 facilities have been analyzed. This study is a retrospective study that involves the assessment of the dose records of occupational exposed workers in five radiology departments in the Greater Accra region of Ghana from the Radiation Protection Institute of the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) dose records history. The OEWs included in the study were radiographers/technologists, radiologist, physicians, medical physicists, and nurses. These records were collected and assessed for a period of 5 years (2019-2023). TLDs are worn under the lead aprons to estimate Hp (10) or deep dose and on aprons for Hp (0.07) or skin dose. Results: A total of 68 OEWs' dose histories for 5 facilities have been analyzed. It was observed that the average annual effective dose for all workers throughout the study period ranged from 0.29 ± 0.07 mSv to 0.41 ± 0.05 mSv. The variations in the mean annual dose for the OEWs for the facilities in the study could be due to the number of OEWs that were monitored and the type and quantity of equipment at the facility during the year under review. Conclusion: The occupational radiation dose for OEWs in some selected radiological departments in Ghana have been evaluated. The facility with the highest number of OEWs recorded relatively higher mean annual effective dose. The annual effective doses were lesser than the yearly occupational dose limit of 20 mSv as recommended by national and international guidelines.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proposed Probabilistic Optimization of Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility Design Considering Long-term Uncertainty. 考虑长期不确定性的放射性废物处理设施设计的概率优化。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001960

Kazuma Kuroda, Ryo Nakabayashi, Daisuke Sugiyama

{"title":"Proposed Probabilistic Optimization of Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility Design Considering Long-term Uncertainty.","authors":"Kazuma Kuroda, Ryo Nakabayashi, Daisuke Sugiyama","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001960","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In the optimization of radioactive waste disposal facility design, it is important to compare multiple facility design options with the aim of reducing the effective dose as low as reasonably achievable. In this study, a methodology for optimizing the facility design using a probabilistic approach was proposed, and two case studies were provided the application of the methodology and interpretation of the dose distributions. This methodology incorporates the time integration of the 95th percentile value and the sum of coefficients of variation extracted from the probability distribution of dose profile over time as the indicators for relative comparison on the optimization. This methodology enables consideration of the dose with uncertainty for the entire long-term assessment period in the optimization. This allows a more multifaceted comparison of options and is expected to improve the ability to explain optimization with the consideration of long-term uncertainty. While various factors including economic, social, and possibly others are relevant to the decision process, this study focuses on the dose estimations as an indicator for optimization. In the case studies, intermediate-depth disposal in Japan, which is one of the disposal systems of low-level radioactive waste, is used as an example and the groundwater release scenario was the focus. The comparison of multiple options in low-diffusivity and low-permeability layers were assumed. These are the important factors in the migration of radioactive nuclides, while other parameters can also be considered in optimization by using the proposed methodology.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0