Health physics最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Radiation Dose in Neurointerventional Procedures Using a Modern Digital Fluoroscopy System.","authors":"T Olgar, S Ariman, A Yalcin, A Arat, T Sancak","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002049","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interventional neuroradiology procedures are among those in which patients and personnel are exposed to the highest radiation dose. This study aims to measure patient doses in terms of dose-area product (DAP) and cumulative air kerma (CAK) for carotid and cerebral angiographic procedures using a digital fluoroscopy system. In addition, the staff dose was measured simultaneously with the patient dose, and the eye lens, finger, and whole-body effective dose was determined per procedure and unit DAP value. The Philips Azurion 7 M20 model C-arm fluoroscopy system was used in this study. At the beginning of the study, quality control and performance evaluations of the system were carried out. DAP and CAK measurement methods were used for patient dose measurement. Staff dose measurement was performed using beryllium oxide (BeO)-based optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters positioned at two different points, one dosimeter under the lead apron at waist level and the other at the collar level outside the apron. With these OSL dosimeters, the personnel dose equivalent Hp(10) for the whole body at 10 mm depth, the dose equivalent Hp(3) for the 3-mm-deep eye lens, and the personal dose equivalent Hp(0.07) for the skin at 0.07 mm depth were measured. Patient dose measurements were performed for a total number of 86 patients (65 cerebral and 21 carotid). For cerebral diagnostic/therapeutic procedures, patient mean DAP and CAK values were measured as 73/143 Gy cm 2 and 657/1,888 mGy, respectively. Similarly, patient mean DAP and CAK values for carotid diagnostic/therapeutic procedures were measured as 40/79 Gy cm 2 and 487/679 mGy, respectively. Patient effective doses calculated from DAP values were 4.04/8.16 mSv and 2.11/3.93 mSv for cerebral diagnostic/therapeutic and carotid diagnostic/therapeutic procedures, respectively. Staff doses were measured for 30 cerebral and 8 carotid examinations simultaneously with patient dose measurements. The calculated whole-body effective doses per examination for the interventional radiologist, nurse, and radiologic technologist were 12.6, 7.1, and 10.0 µSv, respectively. The measured lens doses per procedure for the interventional radiologist, nurse, and radiologic technologist were 18.7, 19.7, and 13.4 µSv, respectively. The extremity doses per procedure were measured as 54.7 µSv for the interventional radiologist, 15.3 µSv for the nurse, and 14.2 µSv for the radiologic technologist.</p>","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"667-675"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147283360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical Uncertainty of Inhalation Dose Coefficients in Consequence Management: Propagated Dose Uncertainty in ICRP 66 Human Respiratory Tract Model.","authors":"E M Mate-Kole, M Graffigna, D Margot, L D Cochran, C Jelsema, L Buchbinder Shadur, A Kalinowski, S A Dewji","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002048","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reference inhalation dose models rely on deterministic biokinetics and reference computational phantoms, limiting their applicability to the variability present in population-specific exposures encountered in emergency response scenarios. This study introduces REDCAL, a Python-based computational framework developed to propagate uncertainty in inhalation dose coefficients using the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publication 66 Human Respiratory Tract Model. REDCAL integrates ICRP deposition and clearance models, systemic biokinetics, and governing physics principles, and leverages Sandia National Laboratories' Dakota toolkit for uncertainty quantification via Latin Hypercube Sampling. REDCAL was validated against DCAL, with biokinetic retention results differing by less than 1% and effective dose coefficients by less than 2% across all tested radionuclides. Stochastic sampling introduced variability in dose coefficients, with geometric standard deviations (GSD) in committed effective dose coefficients (CEDC) ranging from 1.0 to 1.5, based on lognormal distribution fits. Analysis demonstrated that variations in the activity median aerodynamic diameter (AMAD) notably influenced the computed CEDC values. Smaller particles (<1 µm) increased doses by 20-30% due to deeper lung deposition and prolonged retention for alpha emitting radionuclides, such as 241 Am and 239 Pu. Radionuclides with fast clearance, such as 133 I, demonstrated a dose reduction exceeding 50%, as AMAD increased beyond 5 µm due to upper airway deposition and rapid mucociliary clearance. The greatest GSD among the radionuclides reported in this study was for 241 Am. In most cases, the largest GSDs in the CEDC were associated with larger particle sizes, an expected outcome, as ICRP Publication 66 defines GSD in particle size as a function of AMAD, resulting in an extended tail of the lognormal distribution. The findings support improved inhalation dose assessments and enhance consequence management strategies for the U.S. Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center by quantifying uncertainty in dose coefficients and strengthening decision-making for emergency response scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"676-689"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145862804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Relationship between Gross Alpha/Beta and Radionuclide-Specific Testing in Drinking Water.","authors":"Raymond Ko, Marc Desrosiers, Elliott Skierszkan","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002122","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the initial screening of their water supplies for radioactivity, members of the public often have questions about high gross alpha/beta results, but there is not a specific radionuclide of concern identified. In an ongoing groundwater testing project in Whitehorse, Yukon, uranium concentrations that correspond to guidance levels (e.g., 20-30 μg L -1 ) were found to cause exceedances of the gross alpha screening criteria (e.g., 0.5 Bq L -1 ). Ninety-five percent of these samples were also observed to have a 234 U/ 238 Uactivity ratio >1, which puts caution in trying to apply a universal correction factor for the gross alpha activity. These results will help inform the next revision of Canada's drinking water guidelines for radiological parameters and the type of water testing considerations that could be communicated to the Canadian public.</p>","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"561-565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13021131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147443257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Professor Bobby Scott's comments.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":"130 5","pages":"618"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147581320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stakeholder Support for Regulatory Harmonization and Expanded Nuclear Power: Outcomes of HPS/NCRP Open Forums.","authors":"C A Wilson, E M Brackett, K A Higley, E A Caffrey","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002056","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On June 9 th and 10 th , 2025 the Health Physics Society (HPS) and National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) jointly sponsored two open forums with the hopes of discussing and responding to constituent beliefs regarding a series of nuclear-related Executive Orders (EOs). The HPS and NCRP leaders were joined by members from the American Academy of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), and the Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors (CRCPD) as panelists to help respond and moderate the forums. The forums focused on three of the nine relevant EOs, and, while varying opinions were shared, three common themes were strongly supported: First, many of the constituents support change, particularly regulatory harmonization (205/212, 97%), and the time to make changes [now] is appropriate due to these EOs. Second, the constituents believe that these EOs will have a significant impact on the nuclear fields (420/468, 90%). Third, the constituents strongly support the United States in increasing its use of nuclear power (236/245, 96%).</p>","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"598-614"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145965540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical Radiation Exposures in Canada: 2017.","authors":"Julie J Burtt, Seshan Anandarajah, Andra Morrison, Ruth C Wilkins","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002091","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation-based medical techniques and devices provide significant benefits to patients through the diagnosis, treatment, and management of illness and disease. Documenting trends and frequency of use offer important insights into radiation protection and help address gaps in the documentation of medical exposures. Here, we present the retrospective Canadian data collected for the recent United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) global survey on medical exposure. The global survey included three modality categories: diagnostic and interventional radiology, nuclear medicine, and radiotherapy and reports the total number of devices, physicians, examinations, and procedures. Due to the inability to collect high-quality dose data from Canadian sources, the average doses for specific examinations and treatments were estimated using internationally pooled data. The total annual per capita dose from medical exposures was determined to be 1.56 mSv, excluding radiotherapy, resulting in approximately 47% of all radiation doses received by Canadians, compared to natural, industrial, and consumer product sources. This assessment of Canadian medical radiation exposures contributes to global improvement of patient protection, helps establish trends, and identifies where Canadian data collection is lacking, particularly dose data.</p>","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"553-560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13021132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146131622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benchmarking Radiation Transport Monte Carlo Simulations with MCNP and Geant4 Using High Performance Computing.","authors":"Kenneth Moats, Marc Desrosiers, Greg Linton, Ryne Wood","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002134","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this paper is to compare the performance of several high-performance computing systems in order to inform decisions regarding their use for Monte Carlo simulations of radiation transport. Gamma ray emission from 131 I in the human thyroid and detection using a personal radiation detector were modeled using the MCNP and Geant4 Monte Carlo software. These simulations were benchmarked by recording the computing time needed to run the simulation as a function of the number of parallel computing threads used. Simulations were run using a virtual machine, two desktop PCs, a CX-1 supercomputer, the Government of Canada General Purpose Science Cluster, and cloud computing. Using a higher number of parallel threads on these high-performance computing systems was found to reduce the computing time needed to run the MCNP and Geant4 simulations. The optimal configuration for running the simulations on cloud computing was evaluated, considering the number of available processors, the computing time, and the cost. Cloud computing was found to be a cost-effective, on-demand, high performance computing option for Monte Carlo simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"538-552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13021129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147365034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geostatistical Analysis of Residual Radioactive Hotspots across the Zamzow Uranium Mine Site.","authors":"Mark C Harvey, Nancy L Glenn Griesinger","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002037","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This research explores the application of advanced geostatistical methods to predict the locations of residual radioactive hotspots at the former Zamzow uranium mine site, located near Three Rivers, TX. The site, part of the broader Lamprecht-Zamzow project, has a complex history, having undergone in situ uranium mining and processing, followed by decommissioning activities. The role of this study is not to set or recommend remediation goals, as this responsibility lies with the State of Texas. Rather, the purpose of the statistical analyses in this work is to present the data objectively, predicting potential contamination at unsampled locations and where further actions may be needed. Importantly, the findings of this study aim to inform state regulators regarding the unrestricted release of the site for landowner use, providing critical insights into the effectiveness of previous remediation efforts. By employing rigorous geostatistical techniques on survey data collected by environmental services contractors, this study models the spatial distribution of contamination referred to as \"hotspots\" with precision. This research marks an important advancement toward a scientifically grounded, objective approach in assessing radioactive site remediation and informing future decisions regarding site decommissioning and land restoration at former uranium sites. Importantly, the statistical analysis in this work demonstrated a clear reduction in the number of hotspots after site remediation, highlighting the effectiveness of the intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"566-582"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146029411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Effectiveness Evaluation of an Integrated Multidisciplinary Radiation Protection Management Framework for Tertiary Hospitals.","authors":"Yuxia Nian, Hansong Zhu, Jinxia Nian","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000002156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical workers represent the largest occupationally exposed population to ionizing radiation, yet traditional radiation protection management often operates in departmental silos. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an integrated multidisciplinary management framework for enhancing radiation protection in tertiary hospitals. This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China from January 2020 to December 2024, including 510 radiation workers across diagnostic imaging, radiation therapy, interventional radiology, and cardiovascular departments. The study comprised three phases: baseline (2020), intervention (2021-2023), and evaluation (2024). An administrative multidisciplinary team incorporating Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle methodology was established to implement comprehensive radiation protection management. Following framework implementation, the average annual effective dose decreased from 0.54 mSv to 0.34 mSv, and the annual collective effective dose declined from 212.66 to 133.12 person-mSv. The proportion of workers receiving doses exceeding 1 mSv decreased from 6.27% to 3.33% (P<0.001). Implementation indicators also improved significantly: certification rate increased from 90.39% to 100%, annual training completion rate from 81.57% to 98.63%, and personal dosimetry monitoring rate from 92.75% to 100% (all P<0.001). The integrated multidisciplinary radiation protection management framework effectively reduced occupational radiation exposure and improved protection compliance across all departments, providing a replicable model for large general hospitals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147814253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Evaluation of a Low-cost Custom-built OSLD Annealer: Application to Eye Lens Dosimetry.","authors":"Minahil Manzoor, Edward Waller","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002130","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000002130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has imposed a new limit to eye lens dose (ICRP 118), which has resulted in an absence of practical and reusable eye lens dosimetry solutions. Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) made of Al2O3:C, have become an area of interest because of their sensitive nature, small size, and non-destructive reading. Traditionally, the personal dose equivalent H p (0.07) is frequently used as a proxy for eye lens dose H p (3) when dosimeters are worn in the vicinity of the eye. Reliable multiple uses of OSLDs require optical annealing to be effective and reproducible in fully erasing any residual signals from the preceding measurement cycle. This study presents the design, construction, and evaluation of a low-cost, custom-built LED-based optical annealer developed for Landauer InLight OSLDs, focusing on eye lens dosimetry in beta and photon radiation fields. A microcontroller controls high-intensity ice blue LEDs that are utilized in the annealer to ensure uniform and repeatable optical bleaching. OSLDs were irradiated under a range of standardized photon and beta fields and annealed immediately after readout. The depletion of signals was monitored at regular intervals to determine the bleaching kinetics of all four windows of the dosimeter that represent H p (10), H p (3), H p (0.07), and beta dose. The findings show that there has been a consistent exponential signal decay since the onset of the process, following first-order kinetics, with the rate constants ranging from 0.10 to 0.31 min -1 and the corresponding half-times being 2.2-6.9 minutes. Bleaching starts with a quick initial phase that removed >90% of the signal in 20 minutes with the depletion of shallow traps, followed by a slower phase that was related. This system enables reliable OSLD reuse for eye lens and skin dose monitoring and supports broader implementation of H p (0.07)-based OSL dosimetry in occupational radiation protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"517-525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147283371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}