High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Screening for Atrial Fibrillation During Routine Automated Blood Pressure Measurement in General Population Aged 65 Years and Above: EMENO National Epidemiological Survey in Greece.","authors":"Ariadni Menti, Natasa Kalpourtzi, Konstantinos G Kyriakoulis, Anastasios Kollias, Giota Touloumi, George S Stergiou","doi":"10.1007/s40292-024-00672-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-024-00672-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common with advanced aging and is often asymptomatic and undiagnosed.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>A blood pressure (BP) monitor with embedded algorithm for detecting AF with high diagnostic accuracy during routine automated BP measurement was used to screen individuals aged ≥ 65 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The EMENO health survey (2013-2016) applied a multi-stage stratified random sampling method to select a random general adult population sample in Greece. Participants aged ≥ 65 years were screened for AF using an automated oscillometric device with AF detecting algorithm (Microlife BPA100 Plus AFIB) with triplicate measurements on a single occasion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 975 individuals with AF data on at least one BP measurement were analysed [(mean (SD) age 73.2 (6.6) years, men 45%, hypertensives 79.3%). AF was detected in all 3 BP readings in 65 individuals (6.3%, AF group), in none of 3 readings in 661 (73.6%, non-AF group), and in 1-2 readings of 3 or less readings in 249 (20.1%, uncertain AF group). AF group individuals were older (p < 0.001), had lower systolic BP (p < 0.05) and more frequent cardiovascular disease (p < 0.01) compared to the non-AF and uncertain AF group. Moreover, 44.6% were unaware of their AF and all required anticoagulant therapy (CHA₂DS₂-VASc ≥ 1/≥ 2, men/women).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>About 6% of individuals aged ≥ 65 years in Greece appeared to have AF, and 44.6% of them were unaware and requiring anticoagulant treatment. AF screening during routine automated BP measurement appears to be a useful tool for early detection of asymptomatic AF in individuals aged ≥ 65 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"649-655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142618822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Second-Generation Sham-Controlled Randomized Trials of Renal Denervation Therapy for Patients with Hypertension.","authors":"Clara Rocha Dantas, Artur De Oliveira Macena Lôbo, Artur Menegaz De Almeida, Francisco Cezar Aquino De Moraes, Vitor Kendi Tsuchiya Sano, Francinny Alves Kelly","doi":"10.1007/s40292-024-00675-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-024-00675-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Renal denervation has been associated with substantial and sustained blood pressure reduction and is considered to serve as an alternative treatment for patients with resistant hypertension. However, the first published SHAM-controlled trial assessing RDN safety and efficacy showed no difference between groups.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to perform a meta-analysis quantifying the magnitude of blood pressure decrease secondary to renal denervation in patients with resistant hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Databases were searched for RCTs that compared RDN therapy to SHAM procedure and reported the outcomes of (1) 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure; (2) Office systolic blood pressure; (3) Daytime systolic blood pressure; and (4) Night-time systolic blood pressure. Mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was examined with I² statistics. P values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Statistical analyses were performed using RStudio 4.2.3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies and 1622 patients were included. The AMBP [MD -3.72 95%CI -5.44, -2.00 p < 0.001; I²=34%] and DSBP [MD -4.10 95%CI -5.84, -2.37 p < 0.001; I²=0%] were significantly reduced in the RDN arm. ODBP [MD -6.04 95%CI -11.31, -0.78 p = 0.024; I²=90%] and NSBP [MD -1.81 95%CI -3.90, 0.27 p = 0.08; I²=0%] did not reach a statistically significant difference between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Renal denervation demonstrates greater efficacy in reducing 24-hour ambulatory and daytime systolic blood pressure in patients diagnosed with resistant hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"669-676"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142463405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red Blood Cell Distribution Width is a Biomarker of Red Cell Dysfunction Associated with High Systemic Inflammation and a Prognostic Marker in Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Disease: A Potential Predictor of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence.","authors":"Artemio García-Escobar, Rosa Lázaro-García, Javier Goicolea-Ruigómez, David González-Casal, Adolfo Fontenla-Cerezuela, Nina Soto, Jorge González-Panizo, Tomás Datino, Gonzalo Pizarro, Raúl Moreno, José Ángel Cabrera","doi":"10.1007/s40292-024-00662-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-024-00662-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At the beginning of the 21st century, approximately 2.3 million US adults had atrial fibrillation (AF), and there has been a 60% increase in hospital admissions for AF. Given that the expectancy is a continuous increase in incidence, it portends a severe healthcare problem. Considerable evidence supports the immune system and inflammatory response in cardiac tissue, and circulatory processes are involved in the physiopathology of AF. In this regard, finding novel inflammatory biomarkers that predict AF recurrence after catheter ablation (CA) is a prime importance global healthcare problem. Many inflammatory biomarkers and natriuretic peptides came out and were shown to have predictive capabilities for AF recurrence in patients undergoing CA. In this regard, some studies have shown that red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with the risk of incident AF. This review aimed to provide an update on the evidence of the RDW as a biomarker of red cell dysfunction and its association with high systemic inflammation, and with the risk of incident AF. Through the literature review, we will highlight the most relevant studies of the RDW related to AF recurrence after CA. Many studies demonstrated that RDW is associated with all cause-mortality, heart failure, cardiovascular disease, and AF, probably because RDW is a biomarker of red blood cell dysfunction associated with high systemic inflammation, reflecting an advanced heart disease with prognostic implications in heart failure and cardiovascular disease. Thus, suggesting that could be a potential predictor for AF recurrence after CA. Moreover, the RDW is a parameter included in routine full blood count, which is low-cost, quick, and easy to obtain. We provided an update on the evidence of the most relevant studies of the RDW related to AF recurrence after CA, as well as the mechanism of the high RDW and its association with high systemic inflammation and prognostic marker in cardiovascular disease and heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"437-449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Position Statement of the Italian Society of Cardiovascular Prevention (SIPREC) and Italian Heart Failure Association (ITAHFA) on Cardiac Rehabilitation and Protection Programs as a Cornerstone of Secondary Prevention after Myocardial Infarction or Revascularization.","authors":"Giovanna Gallo, Maurizio Volterrani, Massimo Fini, Barbara Sposato, Camillo Autore, Giuliano Tocci, Massimo Volpe","doi":"10.1007/s40292-024-00663-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-024-00663-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the remarkable and progressive advances made in the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases, the recurrence of cardiovascular events remains unacceptably elevated with a notable size of the residual risk. Indeed, in patients who suffered from myocardial infarction or who underwent percutaneous or surgical myocardial revascularization, life-style changes and optimized pharmacological therapy with antiplatelet drugs, lipid lowering agents, beta-blockers, renin angiotensin system inhibitors and antidiabetic drugs, when appropriate, are systematically prescribed but they might be insufficient to protect from further events. In such a context, an increasing body of evidence supports the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in the setting of secondary cardiovascular prevention, consisting in the reduction of myocardial oxygen demands, in the inhibition of atherosclerotic plaque progression and in an improvement of exercise performance, quality of life and survival. However, prescription and implementation of CR programs is still not sufficiently considered.The aim of this position paper of the Italian Society of Cardiovascular Prevention (SIPREC) and of the Italian Heart Failure Association (ITAHFA) is to examine the reasons of the insufficient use of this strategy in clinical practice and to propose some feasible solutions to overcome this clinical gap.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"417-423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141765842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myocardial Mechanics in Acromegaly: A Meta-Analysis of Echocardiographic Studies.","authors":"Elisa Gherbesi, Andrea Faggiano, Carla Sala, Stefano Carugo, Guido Grassi, Cesare Cuspidi, Marijana Tadic","doi":"10.1007/s40292-024-00667-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-024-00667-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Evidence on myocardial deformation, detected by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), in patients with acromegaly is scanty.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the present meta-analysis was to provide an updated information on left ventricular (LV) systolic function assessed by global longitudinal strain (GLS) in patients with acromegaly and preserved LVEF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the PRISMA guidelines, systematic searches were conducted across bibliographic databases (Pub-Med, OVID, EMBASE and Cochrane library) to identify eligible studies from inception up to June 30-2024. Clinical studies published in English reporting data on LV mechanics in patients with acromegaly and controls were included. The statistical difference of the echocardiographic variables of interest between groups such as LVEF and global longitudinal strain (GLS) was calculated by standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) by using random-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies including 288 patients with acromegaly and 294 healthy individuals were considered for the analysis. Pooled average LVEF values were 64.6 ± 1.5% in the healthy control group and 64.0 ± 1.3% in the acromegaly group (SMD: - 0.21 ± 0.22, CI -0.62/0.22, p = 0.34); the corresponding values of GLS were - 19.1.1 ± 1.2% and - 17.5 ± 1.2% (SMD: -0.52 ± 0.27, CI - 1.05/0.01, p = 0.05). No difference was found between the two groups for both global circumferential strain (GCS) and global radial strain (GRS).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that patients with acromegaly in which LVEF is completely comparable to healthy controls show an impairment in GLS of borderline statistical significance. Whether GLS assessment can actually unmask early alterations of systolic function in patients with acromegaly better than LVEF will need to be investigated by future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"451-459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142145576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epistaxis and Clinic Blood Pressure Values: Is There a Relationship?","authors":"Claudia Lodovica Modesti, Gabriele Testa, Massimo Salvetti, Anna Paini, Michela Riviera, Abramo Bazza, Fabio Bertacchini, Carlo Aggiusti, Davide Lombardi, Vittorio Rampinelli, Cesare Piazza, Maria Lorenza Muiesan","doi":"10.1007/s40292-024-00669-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-024-00669-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Epistaxis is the most common otorhinolaryngological emergency and historically there have been an important debate whether there is a cause-effect relationship with high blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This retrospective study explored whether hypertension is a significant risk factor for epistaxis in Emergency Department (ED) patients and examined associations between blood pressure levels and epistaxis episodes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two groups were studied: Group A (patients with epistaxis) and Group B (control). Patient characteristics, comorbidities, and medication use were recorded. Blood pressure measurements were taken upon ED arrival and after specialist evaluation. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, T-test, χ2 test, and logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group A, enrolled from April 2014 to February 2015, included 102 patients, mean age 67, male-female ratio 2:1. Blood pressure on arrival was over 140/90 mmHg in 73%, decreasing to 26% after 30 minutes. Group B, enrolled from May 2023 to August 2023, included 126 patients, mean age 59, male-female ratio 2:1. Blood pressure on arrival was over 140/90 mmHg in 60%, decreasing to 23% after 30 minutes. Both groups showed reduced blood pressure post-evaluation. Logistic regression identified anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet therapy as the main independent risk factor for epistaxis. Age, sex, blood pressure levels, and hypertension did not significantly influence epistaxis occurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No significant correlation between hypertension and epistaxis was found. Anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet therapy was the primary independent risk factor, highlighting the importance of considering medication history in evaluating epistaxis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"493-500"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142284536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of a Telehealth Program in Patients with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in low and Middle-Income Countries.","authors":"Claudia Ciuffarella, Alessandro Maloberti, Fosca Quarti-Trevano, Raffaella Dell'Oro, Rita Facchetti, Guido Grassi","doi":"10.1007/s40292-024-00661-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-024-00661-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"513-515"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of EMR ML Mining Methods for Measuring Association between Metal Mixture and Mortality for Hypertension.","authors":"Site Xu, Mu Sun","doi":"10.1007/s40292-024-00666-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-024-00666-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There are limited data available regarding the connection between heavy metal exposure and mortality among hypertension patients.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We intend to establish an interpretable machine learning (ML) model with high efficiency and robustness that monitors mortality based on heavy metal exposure among hypertension patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our datasets were obtained from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013-2018). We developed 5 ML models for mortality prediction among hypertension patients by heavy metal exposure, and tested them by 10 discrimination characteristics. Further, we chose the optimally performing model after parameter adjustment by genetic algorithm (GA) for prediction. Finally, in order to visualize the model's ability to make decisions, we used SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) and Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) algorithm to illustrate the features. The study included 2347 participants in total.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A best-performing eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) with GA for mortality prediction among hypertension patients by 13 heavy metals was selected (AUC 0.959; 95% CI 0.953-0.965; accuracy 96.8%). According to sum of SHAP values, cadmium (0.094), cobalt (2.048), lead (1.12), tungsten (0.129) in urine, and lead (2.026), mercury (1.703) in blood positively influenced the model, while barium (- 0.001), molybdenum (- 2.066), antimony (- 0.398), tin (- 0.498), thallium (- 2.297) in urine, and selenium (- 0.842), manganese (- 1.193) in blood negatively influenced the model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hypertension patients' mortality associated with heavy metal exposure was predicted by an efficient, robust, and interpretable GA-XGB model with SHAP and LIME. Cadmium, cobalt, lead, tungsten in urine, and mercury in blood are positively correlated with mortality, while barium, molybdenum, antimony, tin, thallium in urine, and lead, selenium, manganese in blood is negatively correlated with mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"473-483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vericiguat on C-reactive Protein Level and Prognosis in Patients with Hypertensive Heart Failure.","authors":"Yabing Cao, Yunjing Sun, Bo Miao, Xiao Zhang, Qingzhou Zhao, Liping Qi, Yaoqi Chen, Lingling Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s40292-024-00664-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-024-00664-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertensive heart failure (HHF) has a high incidence and poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This article evaluated the efficacy and safety of Vericiguat in HHF and analyzed the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and patient prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>110 HHF patients were divided into Placebo and Vericiguat groups. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography and 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Blood samples were collected to detect the levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), endothelin (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO), and CRP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) and left ventricular end diastolic dimension (LVEDD) were reduced, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and 6MWT were increased, and the serum levels of NT-proBNP, cTnI, ET-1, NO, and CRP were decreased in Vericiguat group as against Placebo group; The total effective rate was 76.4% in Placebo group and 92.7% in Vericiguat group (P < 0.05). The adverse reaction rate was 10.9% and 9.1% (P > 0.05). The proportion of persons with poor prognosis and no improvement of cardiac function in patients with highly expressed CRP before treatment was higher as against patients with low expression of CRP (P < 0.05). Highly expressed CRP is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vericiguat is safe and effective in improving cardiac function in HHF patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"485-492"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTED ARTICLE: Commentary on Paper Entitled \"The Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-regression Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials\".","authors":"Barbara Pala, Giuliano Tocci","doi":"10.1007/s40292-024-00657-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-024-00657-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141426659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}