High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Beta-Blockers and Hypertension: Some Questions and Answers.","authors":"Francesco Fici,&nbsp;Nicolas Roberto Robles,&nbsp;Istemihan Tengiz,&nbsp;Guido Grassi","doi":"10.1007/s40292-023-00576-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-023-00576-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>International guidelines have removed b-blockers from first-line treatment of hypertension, limiting their use to patients with compelling indications. The position of guidelines stems from the results of studies performed with the 1st and 2nd generation of b-blockers, which concluded that these drugs have lower cardiovascular protection, compared with other antihypertensive agents.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of our mini review is to answer to some questions about the effect of b-blockers on hypertension and cardiovascular protection and if these effects are different from those of other antihypertensive drugs, particularly in young and elderly patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which reported the effectiveness of b-blockers on blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes, compared with placebo/no treatment and with other antihypertensive agents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Beta-blockers, decreased high blood pressure with no significant difference from other common antihypertensive agents. Moreover b-blockers, compared with placebo, lowered the risk of major cardiovascular outcomes, while, compared with other drug classes, the reported results are very heterogeneous. Therefore it is difficult, globally, to find a difference between b-blockers and other drug classes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rather than looking for differences in the cardiovascular protective effect between b-blockers and other antihypertensive agents, we have to consider the different pathophysiology of hypertension in young [sympathetic hyperactivity] and elderly patients [arterial stiffness, high aortic systolic pressure]. Considering these aspects, non-vasodilating b-blockers are preferred, as first-line, in young/middle aged hypertensive subjects, while vasodilating b-blockers, are most appropriate, in elderly patients, for the favourable hemodynamic profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9563891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmet Needs for Cardiac Rehabilitation in Africa: A Perennial Gap in the Management of Individuals with Cardiac Diseases.","authors":"Fatai Adesina Maruf,&nbsp;Jibril Mohammed","doi":"10.1007/s40292-023-00573-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-023-00573-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a standard model of care, and an established component of comprehensive care that has been proven to reduce mortality and morbidity in patients with cardiac diseases. International clinical practice guidelines routinely recommend that cardiac patients participate in CR programs for comprehensive secondary prevention. However, there is scant guidance on how to deliver these programs in low-resourced settings. This dearth of clinical practice guidelines may be an indication of low emphasis placed on CR as a component of cardiac health services in low-income countries, especially in Africa. Indeed, CR programs are almost non-existent in Africa despite the unmet need for CR in patients with ischemic heart disease in Africa reported to be about one million. This figure represents the highest unmet need of any World Health Organization region, and is colossal given the projected accelerated increases in incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the region. This narrative review explored the availability of CR programs, potential barriers to CR and strategies that can mitigate such barriers in Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9563388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cocoa Consumption Decreases Oxidative Stress, Proinflammatory Mediators and Lipid Peroxidation in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Dose-Response Clinical Trial.","authors":"Davide Grassi,&nbsp;Francesca Mai,&nbsp;Martina De Feo,&nbsp;Remo Barnabei,&nbsp;Augusto Carducci,&nbsp;Giovambattista Desideri,&nbsp;Stefano Necozione,&nbsp;Leen Allegaert,&nbsp;Herwig Bernaert,&nbsp;Claudio Ferri","doi":"10.1007/s40292-023-00571-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-023-00571-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cocoa flavonoids have been described to reduce the cardiovascular risk. Nevertheless, the involved mechanisms should be clarified and the dose-effect relation has never been evaluated.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the dose-dependent effects of cocoa flavonoids on markers of endothelial and platelet activation and oxidative stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>According to a randomized, double-blind, controlled, cross-over design, 20 healthy nonsmokers were assigned to receive either five treatments with daily intake of 10 g cocoa (0, 80, 200, 500 and 800 mg cocoa flavonoids/day) in five periods lasting 1 week each.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with flavonoid-free cocoa control, cocoa reduced sICAM-1 mean values [from 1190.2 to 1123.0; 906.3; 741.7 and 625.6 pg/mL (p = 0.0198 and p = 0.0016, for 500 and 800 mg respectively], sCD40L mean values [from 218.8 to 210.2; 165.5; 134.5 and 128.4 pg/mL (p = 0.023 and p = 0.013, for 500 and 800 mg respectively] and 8-isoprostanes F2 mean values [from 4703.9 to 4670.7; 2000.1; 2098.4 and 2052.3 pg/mL (p = 0.025; p = 0.034 and p = 0.029, for 200, 500 and 800 mg respectively)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our study we observed that short-term cocoa consumption improved proinflammatory mediators, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress with a significant effect for higher dosages of flavonoids. Our findings suggest cocoa might be a valid tool for dietary intervention in prevention of atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f7/4c/40292_2023_Article_571.PMC10232545.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9563736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Incident New-Onset Arterial Hypertension After COVID-19 Recovery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Marco Zuin,&nbsp;Gianluca Rigatelli,&nbsp;Claudio Bilato,&nbsp;Giampaolo Pasquetto,&nbsp;Alberto Mazza","doi":"10.1007/s40292-023-00574-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-023-00574-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Arterial Hypertension (HT) has been described as a common comorbidity and independent risk factor of short-term outcome in COVID-19 patients. However, data regarding the risk of new-onset HT during the post-acute phase of COVID-19 are scant.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We assess the risk of new-onset HT in COVID-19 survivors within one year from the index infection by a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained searching MEDLINE and Scopus for all studies published at any time up to February 11, 2023, and reporting the long-term risk of new-onset HT in COVID-19 survivors. Risk data were pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel random effects models with Hazard ratio (HR) as the effect measure with 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using I² statistic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 19,293,346 patients (mean age 54.6 years, 54.6% males) were included in this analysis. Of them, 758,698 survived to COVID-19 infection. Over a mean follow-up of 6.8 months, new-onset HT occurred to 12.7 [95% CI 11.4-13.5] out of 1000 patients survived to COVID-19 infection compared to 8.17 [95% CI 7.34-8.53] out of 1000 control subjects. Pooled analysis revealed that recovered COVID-19 patients presented an increased risk of new-onset HT (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.46-1.97, p < 0.0001, I² = 78.9%) within seven months. This risk was directly influenced by age (p = 0.001), female sex (p = 0.03) and cancer (p < 0.0001) while an indirect association was observed using the follow-up length as moderator (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that new-onset HT represents an important post-acute COVID-19 sequelae.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10105348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9612616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Fenugreek Seed Consumption on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Mohammad Reza Amini,&nbsp;Nastaran Payandeh,&nbsp;Fatemeh Sheikhhossein,&nbsp;Sanaz Pourreza,&nbsp;Hamid Ghalandari,&nbsp;Moein Askarpour,&nbsp;Azita Hekmatdoost","doi":"10.1007/s40292-023-00565-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-023-00565-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are growing health issues worldwide. Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common among CVDs in all populations. Fenugreek has recently been the center of multiple investigations.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed at gathering and summing up the existing literature regarding the impact of fenugreek seed on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All major databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane library, EMBASE, and Web of Science) were searched from inception up to 28 June 2022. Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) meeting the inclusion criteria were included and the required data was extracted. The pooled effects were reported as weighted mean differences (WMDs). I-squared test was used to detect between-study heterogeneities. Subgroup analyses were conducted to find sources of heterogeneities. P-values < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six RCTs including a total of 373 participants were included in the final meta-analysis. Fenugreek seed supplementation significantly reduced SBP (WMD: 3.46 mmHg, 95% CI - 6.33, - 0.59, P=0.018), but not DBP (WMD: 3.19 mmHg; 95% CI, - 5.82 to 12.21, P=0.488). Subgroup analyses showed that fenugreek seed administered in dosages ≥ 15 g/day and durations ≤ 12 weeks significantly reduced SBP and DBP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Supplementation with fenugreek seed, especially in dosages ≥ 15 g/day and durations ≤ 12 weeks, might play a role in reducing SBP, but not DBP. However, further investigations are warranted to ensure the clinical relevance of these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9642575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Updated Review on Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors as Antiplatelet Agents: Basic and Clinical Perspectives.","authors":"Javad Sharifi-Rad,&nbsp;Farukh Sharopov,&nbsp;Shahira M Ezzat,&nbsp;Wissam Zam,&nbsp;Adedayo Oluwaseun Ademiluyi,&nbsp;Olubukola Helen Oyeniran,&nbsp;Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji,&nbsp;Osahon Itohan Roli,&nbsp;Jelena Živković,&nbsp;Miquel Martorell,&nbsp;Anca Oana Docea,&nbsp;Nasreddine El Omari,&nbsp;Abdelhakim Bouyahya,&nbsp;José M Lorenzo,&nbsp;Daniela Calina","doi":"10.1007/s40292-023-00562-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-023-00562-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor is found integrin present in platelet aggregations. GP IIb/IIIa antagonists interfere with platelet cross-linking and platelet-derived thrombus formation through the competition with fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor. Currently, three parenteral GP IIb/IIIa competitors (tirofiban, eptifibatide, and abciximab) are approved for clinical use in patients affected by percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in the location of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). GP IIb/IIIa antagonists have their mechanism of action in platelet aggregation prevention, distal thromboembolism, and thrombus formation, whereas the initial platelet binding to damage vascular areas is preserved. This work is aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the significance of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors as a sort of antiplatelet agent. Their mechanism of action is based on factors that affect their efficacy. On the other hand, drugs that inhibit GP IIb/IIIa already approved by the FDA were reviewed in detail. Results from major clinical trials and regulatory practices and guidelines to deal with GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors were deeply investigated. The cardiovascular pathology and neuro-interventional surgical application of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors as a class of antiplatelet agents were developed in detail. The therapeutic risk/benefit balance of currently available GP IIb/IIa receptor antagonists is not yet well elucidated in patients with ACS who are not clinically evaluated regularly for early cardiovascular revascularization. On the other hand, in patients who have benefited from PCI, the antiplatelet therapy intensification by the addition of a GP IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist (intravenously) may be an appropriate therapeutic strategy in reducing the occurrence of risks of thrombotic complications related to the intervention. Development of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors with oral administration has the potential to include short-term antiplatelet benefits compared with intravenous GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors for long-term secondary preventive therapy in cardiovascular disease. But studies showed that long-term oral administration of GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors has been ineffective in preventing ischemic events. Paradoxically, they have been linked to a high risk of side effects by producing prothrombotic and pro-inflammatory events.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9656474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intergenerational Hypertension Prevention Education for Children and Family Members: A Longitudinal Assessment.","authors":"May Oo Lwin,&nbsp;Shelly Malik,&nbsp;Janelle Shaina Ng,&nbsp;Vernon Beng Tat Kang","doi":"10.1007/s40292-023-00561-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-023-00561-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Many adults are unaware of hypertension risks. Fortunately, hypertension is preventable with lifestyle modifications and regular blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Through reverse socialization (RS), children, acting as information agents, can potentially influence adults' long-term health behaviours.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to assess the longitudinal effects of a RS-based intervention, with and without experiential component of performing home BP measurement, in enhancing hypertension awareness and motivating regular BP measurement among children and their adult family members (AFMs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The intervention involves educating grade five children about hypertension and asking them to share this information with AFMs either using only information brochures (non-experiential intervention) or complemented with performing home BP measurement (experiential intervention). Hypertension knowledge and coping appraisals to perform regular BP measurement were assessed before, immediately post-program, and three-months post-program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children's (n = 514) BP knowledge and confidence in sharing BP knowledge improved post-intervention and sustained longitudinally, but the effect was more pronounced among those in the experiential intervention. AFMs' (n = 251) self-efficacy to perform regular BP measurement and intention to prevent hypertension improved only for those in the experiential intervention. Improvement was sustained for self-efficacy only. AFMs' response cost reduced long-term for both intervention types. However, AFMs' hypertension knowledge and response efficacy were unchanged.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Even one-off short RS-based interventions with children can be sufficient to increase hypertension awareness for AFMs. An experiential component in similar family-targeted RS programs can capitalize on improvements in self-efficacy and intention to effect sustained behaviour change in hypertension preventive behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9341276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Expert Opinion on the Role of the Rosuvastatin/Amlodipine Single Pill Fixed Dose Combination in Cardiovascular Prevention.","authors":"Giovanna Gallo,&nbsp;Riccardo Sarzani,&nbsp;Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe Cicero,&nbsp;Stefano Genovese,&nbsp;Matteo Pirro,&nbsp;Luca Gallelli,&nbsp;Andrea Faggiano,&nbsp;Massimo Volpe","doi":"10.1007/s40292-023-00570-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-023-00570-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current cardiovascular disease prevention strategies are based on the management of cardiovascular risk as a continuum, redefining the therapeutic goals for each individual based on the estimated global risk profile. Given the frequent clustering of the principal cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia, in the same individual, patients are required to take multiple drugs to achieve therapeutic targets. The adoption of single pill fixed dose combinations may contribute to achieve better control of blood pressure and cholesterol compared to the separate administration of the individual drugs, mostly due to better adherence related to therapeutic simplicities. This paper reports the outcomes of an Expert multidisciplinary Roundtable. In particular, the rational and potential clinical use of the single pill fixed dose combination \"Rosuvastatin-Amlodipine\" for the management of concomitant hypertension/hypercholesterolemia in different clinical fields are discussed. This Expert Opinion also illustrates the importance of an early and effective management of total cardiovascular risk, highlights the substantial benefits of combining blood pressure and lipid-lowering treatments in a single-pill fixed dose combination and attempts to identify and overcome the barriers to the implementation in clinical practice of the fixed dose combinations with dual targets. This Expert Panel identifies and proposes the categories of patients who may benefit the most from this fixed dose combination.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b4/b4/40292_2023_Article_570.PMC10089988.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10221297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs Post Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Functional Capacity and Metabolic Profile Through Different Age Groups.","authors":"Ayah Tarek Elsayegh,&nbsp;Khaled Karim,&nbsp;Adel Shabana","doi":"10.1007/s40292-023-00566-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-023-00566-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Modern cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a thorough approach including multiple arms that aim at improving quality of life and functional capacity.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study the impact of age on the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation program post-successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study includes 250 patients post primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) who underwent a complete 12-week cardiac rehabilitation program. Functional capacity, metabolic profile, and parameters of diastolic function were assessed and compared at baseline and after completing the program. Four age strata were compared in terms of improvement of the various parameters studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the whole patient group, the workload achieved in metabolic equivalents (METS) and maximum exercise time significantly increased. Regarding metabolic profile, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and Triglycerides significantly decreased. While high-density lipoproteins (HDL) increased but didn't reach significance. Echo data reflecting diastolic dysfunction also improved significantly. We found that the magnitude of improvement in all the earlier-mentioned parameters showed no statistically significant difference among the four age groups studied.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cardiac rehabilitation program post primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) significantly improves functional capacity, metabolic profile, and diastolic function. It is never too old or too young to join the CR program. Different age groups benefit equally from rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9288041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemodynamics and Arterial Stiffness in Response to Oral Glucose Loading in Individuals with Type II Diabetes and Controlled Hypertension.","authors":"Yu Lun Tai,&nbsp;Smaran Marupudi,&nbsp;Gabriel A Figueroa,&nbsp;Ryan D Russell","doi":"10.1007/s40292-023-00569-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-023-00569-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 2 diabetes (T2D), the fastest growing pandemic, is typically accompanied by vascular complications. A central hallmark of both T2D and vascular disease is insulin resistance which causes impaired glucose transport and vasoconstriction concomitantly. Those with cardiometabolic disease display greater variation in central hemodynamics and arterial elasticity, both potent predictors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which may be exacerbated by concomitant hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia during glucose testing. Thus, elucidating central and arterial responses to glucose testing in those with T2D may identify acute vascular pathophysiologies triggered by oral glucose loading.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study compared hemodynamics and arterial stiffness to an oral glucose challenge (OGC: 50g glucose) between individuals with and without T2D. 21 healthy (48 ± 10 years) and 20 participants with clinically diagnosed T2D and controlled hypertension (52 ± 8 years) were tested.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hemodynamics and arterial compliance were assessed at baseline, and 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min post-OGC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Heart rate increased between 20 and 60 post-OGC in both groups (p < 0.05). Central systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased in the T2D group between 10 and 50 min post-OGC while central diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased in both groups from 20 to 60 post-OGC. Central SBP decreased in T2D between 10 and 50 min post-OGC and central DBP decreased in both groups between 20 and 60 min post-OGC. Brachial SBP decreased between 10 and 50 min in healthy participants, whereas both groups displayed decreases in brachial DBP between 20 and 60 min post-OGC. Arterial stiffness was unaffected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An OGC alters central and peripheral blood pressure in healthy and T2D participants similarly with no changes in arterial stiffness.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9289066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}