High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention最新文献

{"title":"The Ratio of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width To Serum Albumin and its Association with Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality Risk in Diabetic Patients: A Cohort Study Using NHANES Data from 1999 to 2018.","authors":"Yunzhen Lei, Jiaying Diao, Ming Xu, Nanqu Huang, Qianfeng Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00743-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-025-00743-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In recent years, Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) and serum albumin have been recognized as important markers of inflammation and nutritional status. The ratio of RDW to serum albumin (RAR) is considered a comprehensive indicator that combines both inflammatory and nutritional characteristics. However, the potential relationship between RAR and all-cause mortality as well as cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients has not been fully explored.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate whether RAR is associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients, and to examine the dose-response relationship between them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used data from the NHANES collected between 1999 and 2018, including 4254 participants aged 18 years and older, with RDW and serum albumin levels obtained from laboratory tests. Weighted Cox regression and adjusted models were used to explore the relationship between RAR and specific mortality rates. Stratified analysis was performed to examine the relationship between mortality and specific subgroups, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to explore the dose-response relationship between RAR and specific mortality. Statistical significance was set at a two-tailed p-value < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among diabetic patients, higher baseline RAR levels were significantly associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality, heart disease mortality, and cardiovascular disease mortality, even after adjusting for multiple confounding factors. However, no statistically significant association was found between RAR and cerebrovascular disease mortality. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and RCS analysis revealed a significant dose-response relationship between RAR and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, and heart disease mortality. This relationship showed a nonlinear increasing trend once RAR reached a certain threshold, suggesting that RAR elevation does not simply linearly increase risk, but rather accelerates the pathophysiological imbalance, leading to a sharp increase in mortality risk. Stratified analysis indicated heterogeneity in the association between RAR and heart disease mortality across different subgroups. For example, in diabetic patients not using antidiabetic medications, the predictive value of RAR may be stronger. In addition, the association between RAR and heart disease mortality was stronger in male patients than in female patients. Furthermore, the association between RAR and all-cause mortality, heart disease mortality, and cardiovascular disease mortality was particularly significant in smokers, patients with hypertension, and those with cardiovascular disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found that in diabetic patients, an elevated RAR is significantly associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality, heart disease mortality, and cardiova","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"629-644"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abdominal Aorta Remodeling in Hypertensive Patients: The Campania Salute Network.","authors":"Costantino Mancusi, Ilaria Fucile, Daniela Pacella, Christian Basile, Maria Virginia Manzi, Maria Lembo, Grazia Canciello, Carmine De Luca, Maddalena Tesone, Stefano Cristiano, Giuseppe Giugliano, Maria Angela Losi, Nicola De Luca, Eduardo Bossone, Raffaele Piccolo, Carmine Morisco, Raffaele Izzo, Giovanni Esposito","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00745-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-025-00745-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Routine assessment of abdominal aorta (AA) is not currently advised by the available guidelines, although hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of AA aneurysm.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>In the present study, we assessed correlations and predictive factors of AA dimension in a cohort of hypertensive patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>3083 Patients ≥ 18 years old with available AA ultrasound were included. AA dilatation was defined as an AA diameter ≥ 25 mm. Correlations of AA dimension and dilatation with demographics and metabolic profile were explored. Multivariable regression was also used to identify potential confounders influencing univariate correlations. To evaluate the prognostic impact of AA dilatation a propensity score model was implemented, and survival probability curves were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased AA diameter was independently associated with older age, male sex, active smoking, higher diastolic and lower systolic blood pressure, higher LV mass index and aortic root dimension and less use of β-blockers at baseline (all p < 0.05). A significant effect of baseline use of β-blockers and calcium channel blockers therapy were found (all p < 0.01). During a mean follow-up of 4.76 ± 2.91 years, 32 MACE occurred. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that having AA ≥ 25 mm is associated with significant risk of MACE compared to patients with AA < 25 mm.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AA remodeling is strongly influenced by the cardiovascular (CV) risk profile and hypertension mediated target organ damage and AA dilatation contributes to increased CV risk in treated hypertensive patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"657-665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12647208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-Specific Differences in Subclinical Organ Damage and Cardiovascular Risk Stratification Among Patients Classified by the Presence of Coronary Artery Disease and Hypertension.","authors":"Lucyna Woźnicka-Leśkiewicz, Anna Posadzy-Małaczyńska","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00744-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-025-00744-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death. Women are more frequently affected by these diseases than men.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the relationships between subclinical organ damage markers: ankle-brachial index (ABI), pulse wave velocity (PWV), intima-media thickness (IMT) and cardiovascular risk assessed by SCORE2/SCORE2-OP scales, stratified by sex and the presence or absence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or hypertension (HT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied 200 patients divided into groups: CAD + HT+, CAD + HT-, CAD-HT+, and CAD-HT-. Measurements included: ABI, PWV, IMT and cardiovascular risk assessed by SCORE2/SCORE2-OP scales. Statistical analyses were performed using StatSoft Statistica 10.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups, cardiovascular risk assessed by SCORE2/SCORE2-OP scales was higher in men than in women. In the group without CAD, women- with and without hypertension- showed a significant correlation between cardiovascular risk and both ABI and IMT. In men without CAD and hypertension, cardiovascular risk correlated significantly with PWV and IMT. In logistic regression models within the primary prevention group (with or without hypertension), significant correlations between ABI and SCORE2/SCORE2-OP were observed only in women, whereas significant correlations between PWV and SCORE2/SCORE2-OP were found only in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sex-related differences in cardiovascular risk factor profiles and disease progression highlight the importance of sex-specific approaches in risk stratification and management. Logistic regression models suggest a dependence on patient sex in predictive accuracy and biomarker significance. These findings point to a potential role for sex-specific models in risk assessment, but must be interpreted cautiously as associative, not predictive, consistent with the observational design.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"697-707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12647280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Body Fat Composition with Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Qingshan Yan, Wenya Cai, Jieling Wu, Yong Guo","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00749-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-025-00749-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>While the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a recognized marker of cardiometabolic risk, its influence on blood pressure through body composition in children has not been fully elucidated.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the associations between the TyG index and blood pressure in children and adolescents, and to examine the mediating role of body composition in this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 408 children aged 6-17 years in Guangdong Province, representing a subsample of the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children aged 0-18 years in China. The participants underwent venous blood tests (TyG index calculation), body composition assessments (InBody 770 bioelectrical impedance analyzer), and blood pressure measurements. Linear/logistic regression and mediation analyses were performed to evaluate associations and mediating effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TyG index showed the strongest positive associations with systolic blood pressure (SBP: β = 4.49, 95% CI 2.36-6.61; P<0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP: β = 2.07, 95% CI 0.56-3.58; P=0.007). Elevated blood pressure risk was significantly linked to the TyG index (OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.29-3.22; P=0.002) and obesity-related parameters, particularly the fat mass index (FMI: OR = 1.50) and waist‒hip ratio (WHR-z: OR = 2.10). Mediation analysis revealed partial indirect effects of body composition on the TyG-SBP association (total effect: 4.49, 95% CI 2.36-6.61) but no mediation effect for the TyG-DBP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that the TyG index is independently associated with elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents. Importantly, obesity-related body fat composition, especially measured by the FMI and WHR, partially mediates the association between TyG index and SBP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"667-675"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Pre-participation Evaluation of Athletes with an Impairment Recruited for Paris 2024 Paralympic Games.","authors":"Maria Rosaria Squeo, Armando Ferrera, Giuseppe Di Gioia, Cristian Triolo, Andrea Serdoz, Federica Mango, Viviana Maestrini, Sara Monosilio, Giovanni Marco Dutti, Alessandro Spinelli, Roberto Fiore, Domenico Zampaglione, Giulia Paoletti, Simone Crotta, Giuseppe Santoro, Massimo Volpe, Antonio Pelliccia, Marco Bernardi","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00740-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-025-00740-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Paralympic athletes (PA) represent a special part of the athletic population and deserve a specialized functional and medical care. In view of the 2024 Paris Paralympic Games, a comprehensive sport medical screening was carried out in Italy. This pre-participation medical assessment included clinical, laboratory and instrumental tests including cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and trans thoracic echocardiography (TTE).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess prevalence and type of cardiovascular abnormalities in PA candidate to compete in 2024 Paralympic Games.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 167 PA, 80 female and 87 male PA. All of them underwent a comprehensive, multidisciplinary evaluation, including a full panel of blood tests, resting ECG, TTE and CPET.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>74 PA (44%) showed one or more cardiovascular abnormalities. In details, 12 PA showed abnormal basal ECG findings, 7 abnormal TTE results, 1 uncontrolled hypertension, 30 exercise induced arrhythmias, 8 abnormal basal ECG findings in combination with exercise induced arrhythmias and 7 abnormal basal ECG finding and abnormal echocardiographic findings. Furthermore, 9 PA showed exercise test induced arrhythmias with abnormal echocardiographic findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PA, despite their attitude high levels of performance, are not exempt from cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities, including a small proportion of cardiac conditions at potential risk of sudden cardiac death. Comprehensive diagnostic tools, including CPET, echocardiography and full blood tests are important to identify hidden cardiovascular abnormalities potentially harmful to the athlete's health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"617-628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145285985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Attributable to Hypertension in Population Aged 60 Years or Older from 1990 to 2040 across BRICS-plus Countries (Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa).","authors":"Hongrui Zhang, Bin Wang, Jiake Guo, Yichen Liu, Zhuoshuai Liang, Xiaoyang Li, Ruofei Li, Yuyang Tian, Shuan Qiu, Yong Li, Yulu Gu, Huan He, Yichun Qiao, Siyu Liu, Yunkai Liu, Yi Cheng, Yawen Liu","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00747-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-025-00747-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertension, frequently found in the population aged 60 years or older, is associated with multiple cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). BRICS-plus countries (Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) account for over 40% of global population and are undergoing rapid economic development and population growth. The burden of CVDs attributable to hypertension in the elderly population of BRICS-plus remains uncharted.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To Explore the burden of CVDs attributable to hypertension in the elderly population in BRICS-plus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Deaths and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) were used as indices of the burden of CVDs attributable to hypertension. This burden was investigated using joinpoint regression, age-period-cohort, and Nordpred analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age-standardized DALYs rate and age-standardized mortality rate declined in Russia after 2002, but fluctuating in United Arab Emirates after 2003. The average age-standardized DALYs rate of stroke, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and hypertensive heart disease (HHD) had anisotropic features for nations (China: 58.02%, Russia: 54.64%, and Ethiopia: 37.81%) from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The burden of CVDs attributable to hypertension in the elderly population from 1990 to 2021 in aging countries shows different decline trends. Egypt has the highest burden in none-aging countries. The United Arab Emirates remains elusive because the elderly female population has remained at a relatively low level. HHD, IHD, and stroke account for the highest proportion in Ethiopia, Russia, and China.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"677-686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity and Left Ventricular Mechanics in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Andrea Faggiano, Elisa Gherbesi, Carla Sala, Stefano Carugo, Guido Grassi, Marijana Tadic, Cesare Cuspidi","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00726-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-025-00726-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Evidence on left ventricular (LV) myocardial deformation, assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), in children and adolescents with obesity is scanty.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This meta-analysis aimed to provide a new piece of information on LV systolic function, phenotyped by global longitudinal strain (GLS) and LV ejection fraction (LVEF), in pediatric obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the PRISMA guidelines, systematic searches were conducted in Pub-Med, OVID, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to identify eligible studies from inception up to February 28^th 2025. Studies comparing LV mechanics in pediatric obesity and normal weight controls were included. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using random-effects models to assess differences in GLS and LVEF.</p><p><strong>Prospero-id: </strong>635938.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven studies including 1398 individuals with obesity and 2376 age-matched healthy controls were considered for the analysis. Pooled average GLS values were 20±0.4% in the control group and 17±0.5% in the obese group (SMD - 1.28±0.14, CI - 1.57/- 1.0, p<0.0001). Overall, LVEF was lower in the obese group (SMD - 0.14±0.15, CI - 0.22/- 0.05, p <0.001), although this parameter, at difference from GLS, in the majority of studies did not reach the statistical significance between groups. The metaregression analysis of GLS on BMI showed a significant inverse correlation between the two parameters (coefficient= - 0.33±0.11, p=0.003), this was not the case for LVEF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data suggest that targeting LV mechanics may more accurately assess the systolic function in pediatric obesity; implementing STE in clinical practice may be highly useful in unmasking early LV functional alterations in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"495-509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated Pulse Pressure and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease by Hypertension Status: A Longitudinal Study in Japanese Adults.","authors":"Yukari Okawa, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00735-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-025-00735-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Little is known about the relationship between pulse pressure (PP) and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Asian populations, particularly when analyzed separately by hypertension status.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to assess the association between PP and subsequent onset of CKD in Japanese adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal study included middle-aged and older Japanese citizens who participated in administrative checkups (1998-2024) conducted by Zentsuji City. The relationship between PP (diastolic blood pressure subtracted from systolic blood pressure) and incident CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²) was evaluated by hypertension status, using the Weibull accelerated failure time model. PP was treated as a time-varying variable and categorized into < 40 (reference), 40-< 60, and ≥ 60 mmHg. In addition to the crude model, two adjusted models were created to control for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 15,788 participants, 8881 (men: 42.7%) were examined in the study. The mean follow-up time was 6.21 years for non-hypertensive participants and 6.27 years for hypertensive participants. Higher PP was associated with higher rate of CKD incidence regardless of prevalent hypertension. In non-hypertensive participants, PP ≥ 60 mmHg had a 10% shorter time to CKD onset (95% confidence interval: 3-16%) compared with PP < 40 mmHg. In hypertensive participants, attenuated results were observed, with all 95% confidence intervals crossing the null value.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated PP may serve as a useful indicator for CKD development in non-hypertensive Japanese subjects. Regular BP monitoring may assist in developing public health strategies for CKD prevention, especially among non-hypertensive Asian populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"563-575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular Health: Insights into Post-COVID Public Health Challenges.","authors":"Zayera Naushad, Jaya Malik, Abhishek Kumar Mishra, Shilpy Singh, Dharmsheel Shrivastav, Chetan Kumar Sharma, Ved Vrat Verma, Ravi Kant Pal, Biswajit Roy, Varun Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00738-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-025-00738-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the topmost cause of the worldwide morbidity and mortality. Risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity and smoking are significantly worsening the situation. The COVID-19 pandemic has powerfully highlighted the undeniable connection between viral infections and cardiovascular health. Current literature highlights that SARS-CoV-2 contributes to myocardial injury, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, and systemic inflammation, increasing the severity of CVD outcomes. Long COVID has also been associated with persistent cardiovascular complications, including myocarditis, arrhythmias, thromboembolic events, and accelerated atherosclerosis. Addressing these challenges requires continued research and public health strategies to mitigate long-term risks. Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing cardiovascular medicine and community health through progressive machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) applications. AI enhances risk prediction, facilitates biomarker discovery, and improves imaging techniques such as echocardiography, CT, and MRI for detecting coronary artery disease and myocardial injury on time. Remote monitoring and wearable devices powered by AI enable real-time cardiovascular assessment and personalized treatment. In public health, AI optimizes disease surveillance, epidemiological modeling, and healthcare resource allocation. AI-driven clinical decision support systems improve diagnostic accuracy and health equity by enabling targeted interventions. The integration of AI into cardiovascular medicine and public health offers data-driven, efficient, and patient-centered solutions to mitigate post-COVID cardiovascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"475-494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index and Risk of Incident Hypertension Among Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Datian Gao, Xuejiao Chen, Dechen Liu, Donghai Su, Yulin Cheng, Yufang Cui, Wanli Hu, Zihao Li, Gefei Li, Xiaoke Zhang, Haiyun Gao, Songhe Shi","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00734-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-025-00734-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), a favorable surrogate index for assessing visceral fat distribution and function, has been proven to be associated with various conditions, including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and strokes. Nevertheless, evidence on the association of CVAI with the risk of incident hypertension among older adults is limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to explore the association between CVAI and the risk of incident hypertension among older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from the annual health examination dataset in Xinzheng, Henan Province from 2018 to 2023. A total of 10,353 participants aged ≥ 60 years were included. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between CVAI and the risk of incident hypertension by using hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to confirm the association's robustness. Additionally, the restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to fit the dose-response association between CVAI and the risk of incident hypertension.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median of 2.72 years of follow-up, hypertension developed in 6990 participants. In the fully-adjusted model, compared with participants in the tertile 1 of CVAI, the tertile 3 (HR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.19-1.34) of CVAI was associated with an increased risk of incident hypertension and per standard deviation (SD) increase was associated with a 12% (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.09-1.15) increased risk of incident hypertension. Similar significant associations were observed in subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Additionally, the RCS analysis showed a significant dose-response association of CVAI with the risk of incident hypertension (P overall < 0.001 and P nonlinear = 0.238).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggested a positive association between CVAI and the risk of incident hypertension among older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"553-562"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144803975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}