High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Hypertension Treatment with Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Other Antihypertensive Agents: A Real-World Registry from a High-Volume Specialized Center Over TwoDecades.","authors":"Giuliano Tocci, Giulia Nardoianni, Barbara Pala, Marco Russo, Giovanni Marco Dutti, Gallo Giovanna, Allegra Battistoni, Emanuele Barbato, Massimo Volpe","doi":"10.1007/s40292-026-00784-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-026-00784-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patients with difficult to control hypertension (HTN) are often referred by general practitioners to specialized centers to estimate global cardiovascular (CV) risk profile, evaluate hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD), and optimize antihypertensive therapy. This referral provides a unique opportunity to analyse patients with high CV risk and HTN in a real-world setting, characterized by the rigorous adoption of uniform and state-of-the-art procedures by expert personnel.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine (1) global CV risk profile, office and out-of-office blood pressure (BP) levels, and markers of HMOD in adult patients referred to a high-volume European Hypertension center; (2) to evaluate how these clinical parameters impact on the choice of different antihypertensive therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in adult patients of both sexes, aged ≥ 18 years, with essential treated hypertension, who were consecutively evaluated at the Excellence Hypertension Center at Sant'Andrea Hospital in Rome, Italy. Office and out-of-office BP levels were measured, and different hypertension phenotypes were set according to European guidelines. CV risk profile was estimated according using SCORE2. Only patients with treated HTN were selected for the analysis and stratified according to antihypertensive therapies: (1) angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs); (2) angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors; (3) other drugs (including diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, alpha-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From an overall database of 11,168 outpatients, a total of 5,677 patients with treated HTN were analysed (46.3% females, age 63.6 ± 13.1 years, BMI 27.4 ± 4.8 kg/m2, office BP 140.6 ± 17.5/85.5 ± 11.5 mmHg, 24-hour BP 128.7 ± 13.7/77.2 ± 9.7 mmHg, SCORE2 5.4 ± 4.3%). Among these, 52.9% were treated with ARBs, 30.2% with ACE inhibitors and 17.0% with other drugs. Patients treated with ARBs were more frequently males, and significantly older, had more frequently obesity (P < 0.001), dyslipidaemia (p < 0.001), and diabetes (p < 0.001) than those treated with other drug classes. They also had more frequently CV comorbidities (P < 0.001) and resistant HTN (P < 0.001). They received more BP lowering agents (P < 0.001), being more frequently treated with triple (P < 0.001), quadruple (P < 0.001), or more complex (P < 0.001) combination therapies. Comparable office and out-of-office BP control were recorded between patients treated with ARBs and those patients managed with either ACE inhibitors or other drugs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among adult outpatients referred to an excellence hypertension center, the majority were treated with ARBs, alone or in combination therapies. ARB-treated patients presented more frequently CV risk factors, comorbidities, and difficult-to-treat HTN.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"439-452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13283145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to Hypertension Medications During the First Year of Treatment in Elderly Patients and its Effect on Clinical Outcomes.","authors":"Ophir Lavon, Sinan Omri","doi":"10.1007/s40292-026-00787-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-026-00787-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adherence to antihypertensive medications is essential to ensure therapeutic effectiveness. However, the long-term clinical impact of adherence during the first year of treatment in elderly patients remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the level of adherence to antihypertensive therapy during the first year following diagnosis in elderly patients and to assess its long-term clinical implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included adult patients aged ≥ 65 years with newly diagnosed essential hypertension. Medication adherence during the first year after diagnosis was assessed using the proportion of days covered (PDC). Clinical outcomes-including myocardial infarction, stroke, and all-cause mortality-were evaluated beyond the first year, with an average follow-up of 108 months. Data were extracted from the electronic medical records of a large community-based healthcare provider.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2934 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age was 72.4 years, and approximately 60% were women. Among the cohort, 21.3% had a PDC of less than 70%. Adherence above the 70% threshold was significantly associated with a reduced incidence of stroke (HR = 0.59; 95% CI 0.37-0.94; p = 0.028).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher adherence (≥ 70%) to antihypertensive therapy during the first year of treatment in elderly patients was associated with a significantly lower incidence of stroke in subsequent years. These findings highlight the importance of early adherence and support the need for targeted interventions to promote sustained medication use, even in older populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"481-486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13283169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147527780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac Organ Damage in Young Adults with Cryptogenic Ischaemic Stroke: The SECRETO Study.","authors":"Rune Krogh Eilertsen, Eva Gerdts, Ulrike Waje-Andreassen, Dana Cramariuc, Rasmus Bach Sindre, Jani Pirinen, Satu Suihko, Tomi Sarkanen, Marko Virtanen, Essi Ryödi, Pekka Jäkälä, Marja Hedman, Petra Redfors, Odd Bech-Hanssen, Juha Huhtakangas, Pauli Ylikotila, Riikka Lautamäki, Antti Saraste, Bettina von Sarnowski, Raila Busch, Ana Catarina Fonseca, Ana G Almeida, Patricia Martínez-Sánchez, Janika Kõrv, Piibe Muda, Phillip Ferdinand, Cheryl Oxley, Diana Zakarkaitė, Kristina Ryliškienė, Nicolas Martinez-Majander, Juha Sinisalo, Jukka Putaala, Helga Midtbø","doi":"10.1007/s40292-026-00789-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-026-00789-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiac organ damage (OD) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, limited knowledge exists on cardiac OD in young patients with cryptogenic ischaemic stroke (CIS).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore prevalence and covariates of cardiac OD in patients with CIS compared to controls participating in the SECRETO study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed data from 427 patients with CIS aged <50 years and 361 age- and sex-matched controls. OD was defined as presence of abnormal left ventricular (LV) geometry (LV hypertrophy or concentric remodelling) or left atrial enlargement (LAE) assessed by echocardiography, using sex-specific threshold values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to controls, patients had higher prevalences of obesity and tobacco smoking, patent foramen ovale (PFO) (52% vs. 25%) and abnormal LV geometry (12% vs. 7%, all p < 0.01), while presence of LAE did not differ. In multivariable analyses, CIS was associated with presence of abnormal LV geometry (odds ratio 1.86 [95% confidence interval 1.09-3.20], p=0.024). In separate multivariable analyses in patients only, obesity was associated with both abnormal LV geometry and LAE (both p < 0.01), and higher systolic blood pressure only with presence of abnormal LV geometry (p < 0.001). No significant association with PFO was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In young patients with CIS participating in the SECRETO study, abnormal LV geometry was more prevalent compared to age- and sex-matched controls and associated with presence of higher blood pressure and obesity. The results point to the importance of blood pressure and weight control in CIS to prevent progression of cardiac OD and recurrent cardiovascular events.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"453-462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13283181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147527994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Mortality Risk in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies.","authors":"D'Elia Lanfranco, Saverio Stranges, Ersilia La Fata, Francesca Fortunato, Raffaele Palladino, Domenico Rendina, Ferruccio Galletti","doi":"10.1007/s40292-026-00790-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-026-00790-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Insulin resistance (IR) is a major determinant of cardiovascular disease and mortality, yet its direct measurement is limited by the need for insulin assays. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has emerged as a simple and inexpensive surrogate marker of IR, but its prognostic relevance for mortality remains uncertain due to the heterogeneity of available studies.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to: (i) evaluate the predictive value of the TyG index for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk in the general population; (ii) assess the shape and magnitude of the dose-response relationship; and (iii) identify the most appropriate threshold for mortality risk prediction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis was conducted, including prospective cohort studies that assessed baseline TyG and subsequent mortality. Random-effects models were used to pool hazard ratios, and restricted cubic splines were applied to examine potential non-linearity in the dose-response relationship.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve studies comprising 14 independent cohorts (≈10.8 million participants) were included. Each one-unit increase in TyG was associated with a 14% higher risk of all-cause mortality and a 16% higher risk of cardiovascular mortality starting from 6.9 units (or 3.79 units in the alternative scale). Associations were linear and consistent across sensitivity analyses. There was a significant heterogeneity among studies, but no evidence of publication bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TyG index independently and linearly predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, supporting its potential role as a clinically useful, low-cost marker for early cardio-metabolic risk stratification in population-based settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"381-393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13283200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Non-statin Lipid-Lowering Therapies Implementation and Statin Treatment Intensification on Lipid Status in Heart Transplant Recipients: A Single-Centre Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Daniela Bacich, Enrico Giuseppe Italiano, Marika Faggioli, Laura Rizzo, Nicola Pradegan, Giuseppe Toscano, Chiara Tessari, Vincenzo Tarzia","doi":"10.1007/s40292-026-00794-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-026-00794-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Statin therapy up-titration is hindered in heart-transplant (HT) recipients due to concern for pharmacological interactions and side effects. Alternative lipid lowering therapies (LLT) are now available for patients who are poorly tolerant to statins or those with significant dyslipidaemia despite maximal dose statin treatment and dietary advice. Real-world studies with non-statin LLT are limited in HT population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine the lipid status of HT patients following the increased adoption of non-statin lipid lowering therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single centre retrospective observational cohort study including adult HT patients under follow-up in a tertiary centre. From August 2024 to March 2025, 238 patients had lipid profile, prevalence of statin and non-statin LLT prescription assessed and compared to the same data measured in 2019/2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients had a median age of 64 (IQR=53.3-72.0) years, 27% were female. Median LDL-C levels for paired values significantly decreased from 109.6 [88.9-133.0] to 93.8 [72.5-112.0] at last follow up (p<0.001). The proportion of patients receiving ezetimibe sharply increased [73 (30.7%) compared to 27 (11.3%), p<0.001]; 10 patients (4.2%) were receiving proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor monoclonal antibodies (PCSK9i), 3 (1.3%) inclisiran, 3 (1.3%) bempedoic acid, which were not commercially available at the time of the previous assessment. Also, the proportion of patients receiving statins increased during follow-up [145 (60.9%) vs 128 (52.1%), p<0.001], mainly because of high-intensity statin adoption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a real-world cohort of HT recipients, increased adoption of ezetimibe, PCSK9-targeting therapies and bempedoic acid combined with intensification of statin therapy safely and efficiently reduced LDL-C.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"473-480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Mortality Risk in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies.","authors":"Lanfranco D'Elia, Saverio Stranges, Ersilia La Fata, Francesca Fortunato, Raffaele Palladino, Domenico Rendina, Ferruccio Galletti","doi":"10.1007/s40292-026-00802-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-026-00802-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13283143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147972119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and Perspectives in Optimising the Treatment of Arterial Hypertension: Role of the Ramipril-Amlodipine-Hydrochlorothiazide Single-Pill Combination.","authors":"Maria Lorenza Muiesan, Aldo Pietro Maggioni, Roberto Pontremoli, Alberto Corsini, Massimo Volpe","doi":"10.1007/s40292-026-00785-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-026-00785-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, hypertension remains inadequately controlled, despite the availability of effective therapies and guideline recommendations. This narrative review synthesises current evidence on the clinical rationale, efficacy and implementation of single-pill combination (SPC) therapy to control blood pressure (BP), with a focus on an SPC containing ramipril, amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide. These agents offer complementary mechanisms of action and a favourable tolerability profile, supporting their use in dual and triple SPCs to overcome therapeutic inertia (failure to intensify therapy when BP goals are unmet) and improve BP control. Clinical trial and real-world data demonstrate that combination therapy leads to faster, more sustained reductions in BP, with better cardiovascular and renal outcomes compared with monotherapy. SPCs also improve adherence and persistence, reduce visit-to-visit BP variability and lower healthcare costs. The \"LESS is BETTER\" framework, advocating for Lower BP targets, Earlier BP control, Stronger therapy with SPCs for greater efficacy and Simpler regimens to improve adherence to therapy, provides a pragmatic approach for translating current guidelines into practice. However, barriers can hinder SPC adoption, such as physicians' limited attitudes to implement major international guideline recommendations, misconceptions about SPCs, limited use of ambulatory BP monitoring and suboptimal patient engagement. Strategies to overcome these barriers include clinician education, communication tools, flexible dose options and supportive healthcare policies. Taken together, the evidence supports broader adoption of the ramipril-amlodipine-hydrochlorothiazide SPC as an effective therapeutic approach to contemporary hypertension management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"367-379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13283186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Linear and Non-linear Association Between BMI and Night-Time Blood Pressure Variability.","authors":"Ionas Papasotiriou, Sotiria Spiliopoulou, Damianos Dragonas, Konstantinos Rizogiannis, Nefeli Tsoutsoura, Efstathios Manios","doi":"10.1007/s40292-025-00780-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-025-00780-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The relation between obesity and blood pressure (BP) is well known; however, its relationship with night-time BP and BP variability (BPV) has not been adequately examined.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine the relationship between obesity and night-time BP/BPV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 6,767 adults (46.4% males), aged 56.0 ± 14.0, were collected during their visit to the Outpatient Hypertension Unit of a single institution and had valid ambulatory BP monitoring and anthropometric data. Body mass index (BMI) was estimated by weight and height measurements that took place at the office and categorized as normal weight [< 25 kg/m²; 1,719 (25.4%)], overweight [25-29.9 kg/m²; 2,976 (43.0%)] or obesity [≥ 30 kg/m²; 2,072 (30.6%)]. Standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) of BP were used as indices of BPV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for confounders, BMI was significantly related to night-time systolic (b = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.31-0.46) and diastolic BP (b = 0.10 95%CI: 0.05-0.015). Similarly, after adjusting for confounders, obesity was related to SD (b = 0.25, 95%CI: 0.02-0.49) and CV (b = 0.23, 95%CI: 0.03-0.42) of night-time systolic BPV, while a similar pattern was found for diastolic BPV (p < 0.001). Restricted cubic spline models showed a significant joint effect of splines after adjusting for confounders, for all BPV indices (p < 0.05), but a trend for non-linearity found only for systolic BPV indices (χ² = 3.74, p = 0.053 for SD and χ² = 3.54, p = 0.060 for CV).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, the relationship between obesity and both nighttime BP and BPV provides new insights into the possible effects of obesity on the cardiovascular system.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"411-423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13283146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Differences in the Association Between Depression, Anxiety and Cardiovascular Mortality in Hypertensive Patients: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Yu Yan, Shanshan Jia, Xiaoping Chen","doi":"10.1007/s40292-026-00788-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-026-00788-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertension is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and frequently co-occurs with depression and anxiety, though their combined impact remains inadequately characterized in this high-risk population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the associations of depression and anxiety with cardiovascular mortality specifically in adults with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Depression was assessed using the PHQ-9 questionnaire, while anxiety was measured through self-reported days. The associations were evaluated using weighted multivariable cox regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3728 participants were included, with a mean follow-up of 9.2 years and 285 cardiovascular deaths. In Model3, depression (PHQ-9) was positively associated with cardiovascular mortality (Hazard ratio (HR) [95% CI] 1.07 [1.03-1.10], P < 0.001). When PHQ-9 was categorized into quartiles, the greatest HR in men was observed in Q3 (2.65 [1.09-6.44], P = 0.032) but that for women was in Q4 (3.94 [1.39-11.2], P = 0.01). RCS curve revealed linear positive association between depression and cardiovascular mortality (P-overall < 0.001; P-nonlinear > 0.05). No interaction was observed in the stratified analyses (P > 0.05). Sensitivity analyses showed the HR of Q4 was attenuated in the overall population but remained stable in women (3.97 [1.29-12.2], P = 0.019). No significant association was found between anxiety and cardiovascular mortality (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Depression, but not self-reported anxious days, was positively associated with cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients, with a stronger association observed in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"463-472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natriuretic Peptides as a Biomarker of Cognitive Decline in Hypertension.","authors":"Giovanna Gallo, Gianmarco Dutti, Maurizio Volterrani, Massimo Fini, Giuliano Tocci, Massimo Volpe","doi":"10.1007/s40292-026-00805-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40292-026-00805-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive decline and dementia are frequent consequences of atherosclerosis and hypertension.Indeed, recent guidelines have identified cognitive decline as a major consequence of high blood pressure and one of the therapeutic targets in hypertension. Unfortunately, early assessment of cognitive decline in the clinical practice is often difficult due to the heterogeneity and the variable severity of the clinical presentations and manifestations.It would be of great help to rely on reproducible clinical markers that can herald the early onset of cognitive decline and can help in assessing the severity or guiding management on the basis of the response to treatment. In such a context, a link between natriuretic peptides (NPs), cognitive function and hypertension has been reported.The aim of this article is to analyse and update the available evidence in support of NPs as a potential biomarker of cognitive decline with regard to the context of hypertension and to identify potential future clinical diagnostic and therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12890,"journal":{"name":"High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"359-365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147972160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}