Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Monofilament anti-rotational suture combined with TPLO to prevent pivot shift: surgical technique and novel TPLO plate design.","authors":"Dirsko J F von Pfeil, Parker N House","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1456869","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1456869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify dogs at risk of developing pivot-shift (PS) following tibial-plateau-leveling-osteotomy (TPLO) using a rotational-instability-test (RI-test), describe a combination of a monofilament anti-rotational suture (ARS) with TPLO and assess this technique for feasibility, compare post-operative PS-incidence in dogs receiving a standard TPLO (TPLO-only) or a TPLO with ARS (TPLO+ARS), and design a novel TPLO-plate facilitating ARS-anchoring (TPLO/ARS-plate).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>In this clinical pilot trial on 85 client-owned dogs and instrumentation design study, the RI-test and ARS-placement-technique were described and performed. Reporting included: anesthesia and surgery times, bone-healing, post-TPLO-PS-incidence, follow-up and complications. Significance was set as <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05. Comprehensive engineering of a novel TPLO plate was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between TPLO-only (<i>n</i> = 57) and TPLO+ARS (<i>n</i> = 28) groups, significant differences were found for surgery time (<i>p</i> = 0.01), anesthesia time (<i>p</i><0.001) and bone healing scores (<i>p</i> = 0.03), all being longer/higher for TPLO+ARS. PS-incidence was 2/57 (TPLO-only) and 0/28 (TPLO+ARS) within the first 8 weeks post-surgery (<i>p</i> = 1.00). Medium follow-up was 642 days. Major complications during that time occurred in 2/57 (TPLO-only; infection and implant removal) and 1/28 (TPLO+ARS; infection, PS-development and implant removal) dogs (<i>p</i> = 1.00). A novel TPLO/ARS-plate was designed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Post-TPLO-PS might be reduced following ARS placement. Additional studies are indicated to validate and refine the RI-test and assess the novel TPLO/ARS-plate in the clinical setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1456869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Follicular fluid-derived small extracellular vesicles during individual <i>in vitro</i> maturation improve blastocyst development.","authors":"Nima Azari-Dolatabad, Davoud Eshghi, Camilla Benedetti, Andrea Fernandez Montoro, Lei Xie, Fabiola Le Graffric Molto, Sarah E Moorey, An Hendrix, Geert Opsomer, Jo L M R Leroy, Ann Van Soom, Krishna Chaitanya Pavani, Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1644542","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1644542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We evaluated the impact of follicular fluid-derived small extracellular vesicles (FF-sEVs) supplementation during oocyte maturation in vitro on bovine embryo outcomes, comparing group and individual culture systems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Follicular fluid was aspirated from dominant follicles of four nulliparous Holstein heifers at 4.5 days post-ovulation. Small extracellular vesicles were isolated, characterized, and pooled to ensure balanced donor contribution. To confirm uptake, FF-sEVs were fluorescently labelled and co-cultured with cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) during <i>in vitro</i> maturation. Fluorescent labelling confirmed FF-sEVs internalization by oocytes and granulosa cells. Next, COCs were matured <i>in vitro</i> with FF-sEVs at varying concentrations (group system: 0, 5, 10, 25, 50 μg/mL; individual system: 0, 6.5, 12.5, 25 μg/mL), fertilized, and cultured. Blastocyst quality was assessed via differential-apoptotic staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In group culture, the control group exhibited higher day 8 blastocyst rates compared to 10, 25, and 50 μg/mL FF-sEVs groups, while 5 μg/mL FF-sEVs showed no difference. Blastocysts developed from oocytes matured in 25 and 50 μg/mL groups had reduced total cell numbers versus controls and groups matured in lower FF-sEVs concentrations. Conversely, individual maturation with 6.5 μg/mL FF-sEVs enhanced day 8 blastocyst rate, total cell counts, inner cell mass, and reduced apoptotic ratios compared to all other groups.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>We propose that intercellular communication in group cultures, potentially mediated by endogenous embryotropins (including sEVs), may mask FF-sEVs benefits. In individual systems, where such interactions are absent (or minimal), FF-sEVs significantly improved embryo competence. These findings underscore FF-sEVs as a promising tool to refine assisted reproductive technologies, contingent on culture conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1644542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifts between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory profiles in pregnant mares: a review of physiological functions.","authors":"Katiuska Satué, Deborah La Fauci, Pietro Medica, Elena Damiá Gímenez, Cristina Cravana, Esterina Fazio","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1660759","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1660759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy in the mare presents a unique immunological challenge, requiring a finely tuned balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses to ensure reproductive success. Throughout gestation, the maternal immune system undergoes dynamic adaptations to support key reproductive events from conceptus mobility and fixation to the formation and function of endometrial cups, and the expansion of immunoregulatory cells that promote maternal-fetal tolerance. In early pregnancy, a controlled pro-inflammatory environment facilitates critical processes such as embryo migration and implantation. As gestation progresses, the immune profile shifts toward a tolerogenic state, marked by the proliferation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the activity of tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells. These adaptations protect the semi-allogeneic conceptus and sustain pregnancy. Toward term, a resurgence of pro-inflammatory signaling becomes essential to initiate parturition, activating pathways that promote uterine contractility, cervical ripening, and fetal expulsion-demonstrating that inflammation is not only a threat but a physiological necessity. Disruptions in this immunological balance whether due to excessive inflammation or insufficient tolerance can compromise embryonic and fetal viability, increasing the risk of pregnancy loss. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the immunological and inflammatory mechanisms throughout equine gestation is essential to advance reproductive physiology and improve clinical strategies for fertility management in mares.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1660759"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Erythema migrans</i>-like lesions associated with <i>Borrelia afzelii</i> infection in a European badger, <i>Meles meles</i>.","authors":"Andrei Daniel Mihalca, Georgiana Deak, Cristina Daniela Cazan, Noureddine Mechouk, Andrada Negoescu, Marian Taulescu, Călin Mircea Gherman","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1636700","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1636700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Erythema migrans</i> (EM), a characteristic skin lesion, is a well-known clinical outcome of Lyme borreliosis in humans, caused by various <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> sensu lato (s.l.) species. However, its occurrence in animals, mainly wildlife, has been largely unexplored. This report presents a possible case of EM in a European badger (<i>Meles meles</i>) from Romania.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The badger exhibited multiple erythematous lesions on its ventral body surface, and these lesions were heavily infested with <i>Ixodes ricinus</i> ticks. Histological examination of skin biopsies was conducted to assess inflammatory reactions. Molecular analysis was performed to detect <i>Borrelia</i> DNA in the lesions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histological examination revealed a mild, chronic inflammatory reaction consistent with EM-like lesions as observed in humans. Molecular analysis confirmed the presence of <i>Borrelia afzelii</i> DNA in the skin lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the importance of wildlife surveillance in understanding the ecoepidemiology and pathogenesis of Lyme borreliosis. Badgers, as potential reservoir hosts, may play a role in the disease cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1636700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological characterization, histopathological alteration, and cytokine response of different tissues of <i>Columba livia</i> naturally infected with <i>Haemoproteus columbae</i>.","authors":"Heba M Salem, Amira M Ibrahim, Sara S Barsoum, Mahmoud A Mahmoud, Haleema H Albohiri, Mina A Almayouf, Layla A Almutairi, Mohammed A Alqahtani, Sultan Mohammed Areshi, Khaled A El-Tarabily, Marwa M Attia","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1610416","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1610416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Haemoproteus columbae</i> is a common haemosporidian worldwide blood parasite affecting domestic pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>). Therefore, this study aimed to detect the incidence of <i>H. columbae</i> infection in domestic pigeons with morpho-molecular identification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the current study, blood samples were collected from 125 domestic pigeons between 2023 and 2024 and analyzed using both microscopic and molecular techniques. <i>H. columbae</i> positive birds underwent postmortem (PM) and histopathological examinations, as well as cytokine immunological reaction assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that around 8% (10/125) of pigeons were positive for <i>H. columbae</i> infection, and their morphological characteristics were reported. <i>H. columbae</i> induces observable macroscopic and microscopic alterations in the infected tissues, which increases the cytokine immunological reaction in the infected birds. The infected birds suffered from severe histopathological changes in most haemopoietic and parenchymatous organs. The transcript levels of inflammatory markers such as IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-1β were significantly upregulated in <i>H. columbae</i>-infected birds. Additionally, the <i>H. columbae</i> samples' mRNA level of the apoptotic Cas-3 indicated apoptotic activity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Hematic parasites can pose a serious health threat to pigeons as they invade red blood cells and internal organs, leading to anemia, weakness, weight loss, and even death in severe cases. Epidemiological studies and surveys are essential for monitoring these hematologic parasites. Furthermore, additional research is recommended to evaluate the efficacy of various herbal extracts in comparison to the most frequently used drugs for managing this issue in affected pigeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1610416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12486306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of xylooligosaccharide supplementation on performance, intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity and cecal microflora in weaning pigs.","authors":"Wenfeng Ma, Mengmeng Gao, Xiaoli Zhang, Xiaohong Wu, Pei Mao, Wenna Fan, Lingping Zhao, Shitu Tan","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1655379","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1655379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Study aimed to investigate the effects of xylooligosaccharide (XOS) supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and cecal microorganisms in weaned pigs. Forty-eight 28-day-old hybrid weaned pigs Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) of similar body weight (7.62 ± 0.41 kg) and genetic background were randomly divided into control group (CON) and experimental group (XOS). The CON group was fed a basal diet, and the XOS group was fed a diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg XOS. The pretest period lasted for 7 days, and the test period lasted for 28 days. Compared with the CON group, the XOS group significantly reduced the feed-to-gain ratio by 5.14%, increased alkaline phosphatase activity in serum, and improved the apparent digestibility of dietary ether extract (EE) and calcium (Ca) in weaned pigs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, XOS supplementation increased the villus height of the duodenum by 9.69% and that of the ileum by 11.64%, and decreased the crypt depth of the jejunum by 21.37% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). XOS supplementation increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum and ileum by 10.48 and 48.43%, respectively; increased catalase (CAT) activity in serum, liver, and spleen by 34.96, 29.55 and 90.36%, respectively; and decreased the malonaldehyde (MDA) content in liver and spleen of weaned pigs by 35.66 and 33.85%, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared with the CON group, the cecal microbial community diversity of weaned pigs with XOS supplementation significantly differed (<i>p</i> < 0.05). XOS supplementation reduced the relative abundance of <i>Proteobacteria</i> and <i>Spirochaetes</i> in the cecum of weaned pigs, and improved the relative abundance of <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Ruminococcus</i> in the cecum of weaned pigs, but decreased the relative abundance of <i>Spirillaceae NK4A136</i>, <i>Prevoid group</i>, and <i>AC2044 group of Spirillaceae</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, the dietary inclusion of 500 mg/kg of XOS increased the growth performance, apparent digestibility, and intestinal morphology of weaned piglets, stimulated the proliferation of probiotic microorganisms, and improved the antioxidant capacity of pigs. The results of this study can provide a certain theoretical basis for the application of XOS in weaned piglets.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1655379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12483880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delineating the fecal microbiome of healthy domestic short-hair cats in South Korea.","authors":"Hyun-Young Cho, Hyung-Joon Park, Jin-Sik Choi, Se-Hoon Kim, Min-Ok Ryu, Kyoung-Won Seo","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1571107","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1571107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The gut microbiome is a vital component of an organism's health, influencing metabolism, immune function, and overall homeostasis. In this study, we aimed to characterize the gut microbiota of healthy domestic short-hair cats in South Korea and evaluate the effects of age, body condition score (BCS), sex, and diet on microbial composition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From August to December 2023, 40 healthy cats aged 1-14 years with a body condition score (BCS) of 5-9 were selected. Cats were excluded if they had taken probiotics or antibiotics, exhibited gastrointestinal symptoms within the last 6 months, or had blood work abnormalities. DNA quantification was performed, and libraries targeting the V3 and V4 regions were prepared according to the Illumina 16S metagenomic sequencing protocol with a read length of 2 × 300 bp. The relative abundance of bacteria at the phylum, genus, and species levels was assessed according to the age, sex, diet, and BCS of the cats, with major bacterial groups selected for chart analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Examination of the fecal samples from 40 healthy cats (aged 0.5-14 years) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed 2,721 bacterial amplicon sequence variants. The predominant phyla were Bacillota, Bacteroidota, and Actinomycetota. Although age did not significantly affect alpha diversity, a trend toward increased diversity was observed in cats aged 7-14 years. <i>Phocaeicola</i> was more abundant in older cats, suggesting a possible association with age-related conditions. Furthermore, Verrucomicrobiota was enriched in cats with a BCS of 8-9, and <i>Ruminococcus torque</i> was positively correlated with higher BCS. Sex-based differences indicated increased levels of Pseudomonadota, <i>Finegoldia magna</i>, and <i>Sutterella massiliensis</i> in neutered males, potentially linked to inflammatory pathways. Dietary analysis revealed an increased abundance of <i>Blautia</i> and <i>Lachnoclostridium</i> following a combination of dry and wet food.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings provide critical insights into the core microbiota of domestic short-hair cats in South Korea, emphasizing the influence of geographic, physiological, and environmental factors on gut microbial diversity. The results offer a valuable foundation for advancing feline gut health research and enhancing health management strategies for felines, particularly in South Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1571107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12486308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duration of immunity against infectious rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhea after vaccination in calves in southern region of Kazakhstan.","authors":"Yerbol Bulatov, Zhanna Sametova, Ruslan Abitayev, Asselya Kyrgyzbayeva, Abdurakhman Ussembay, Zhanat Kondibaeva, Zhanat Amanova, Sholpan Turyskeldy, Dariya Toktyrova, Dana Mazbayeva, Kamshat Shorayeva, Kuanysh Jekebekov, Kuandyk Zhugunissov, Kainar Barakbayev, Aslan Kerimbayev, Aralbek Rsaliyev, Yergali Abduraimov, Alina Kurmasheva","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1681624","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1681624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some of the most economically significant viral infections affecting cattle globally include infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) and bovine viral diarrhea (BVD). Both viruses cause a wide range of clinical consequences and significant economic losses. Recent serological surveillance in Kazakhstan showed that these infections persist despite commercial vaccines, underscoring the need for more effective, locally appropriate immunization protocols. This study aimed to evaluate the duration of immunity conferred by a developed associated inactivated emulsion vaccine against IBR (strain \"R-93\") and BVD (strain \"Oregon C₂₄V\"), produced by the Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems. In the southern region of Kazakhstan. Of the 12 seronegative for BoHV-1 and BVDV clinically healthy crossbred calves (Friesian-Holstein and Kazakh Whiteheaded) eight were vaccinated, revaccinated, and monitored over a 9-month period for evaluation of the vaccine. Humoral immune responses were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and virus neutralization assays. Specific antibodies to BoHV-1 and BVDV were detected as early as day 7 post-vaccination, with titers peaking at 6.16 log₂ and 6.24 log₂, respectively, by day 28, and remaining above protective levels for at least 6 months. At 9 months, a challenge was conducted using virulent strains: no clinical signs or lesions in vaccinated animals, fever and respiratory systems in unvaccinated animals. These findings suggest that the tested inactivated vaccine is safe, immunogenic, and capable of providing sustained protection in crossbred cattle under local climatic conditions. Although the sample size was limited, the results allow us to make preliminary conclusions about the vaccine's efficacy; however, further large-scale studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1681624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12487427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes of pet owners in coastal Oaxaca, Mexico, towards pet ownership and access to care.","authors":"Rachael Schulte, Guillermo Arcega Castillo, Melinda J Wilkins","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1644080","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1644080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Free-roaming dogs pose risks to human, animal, and environmental health, through zoonotic disease transmission, contribution to parasite life cycles, and predation on vulnerable species. Sterilization campaigns are a common method to reduce free-roaming dog populations. A questionnaire was developed to assess the attitudes and practices of dog owners in coastal Oaxaca, Mexico, regarding pet ownership and access to veterinary care. The primary reasons for owning dogs were companionship and protection, and the most common barriers to care reported were cost and access. The professionalism, knowledge, and communication of veterinarians was rated highly, suggesting veterinarians are a trusted source of information and should play an important role in education efforts around zoonotic diseases and animal care, including population management. Short-term sterilization campaigns are effective at reducing free-roaming dog populations and have demonstrated benefits to local wildlife species through reducing predation. These campaigns, however, do not create sustainable change on their own; building local veterinary surgical capacity is an important need in rural Oaxaca.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1644080"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12487428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"B-cells and non-B-cells immunoglobulins expression in canine perianal gland tumours: a preliminary study.","authors":"Claudia Rifici, Elena Angela Lusi, Giada Giambrone, Antonio Ieni, Ettore Napoli, Cornelia Mannarino, Viola Zappone, Giuseppe Mazzullo","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1649599","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1649599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the focus in tumor immunology has been on T cells, B cells may play a crucial role in modulating tumor responses. Among products released in the tumour microenvironment, Immunoglobulins (Igs) have been associated with the development and progression of various types of human cancer. However, their role in veterinary oncology has yet to be fully investigated. It has long been widely acknowledged that Igs are produced solely by B-lineage cells. However, several studies have shown that Ig is also expressed by many normal and pathological \"non-B\" cells, including neoplastic cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of B-cells and Igs in tumours of the canine hepatoglands. Immunohistochemical analysis of ten hepatoid adenomas, thirteen well-differentiated hepatoid carcinomas and nine undifferentiated hepatoid carcinomas revealed that adenomatous structures exhibit the greatest concentration of CD79a-positive, IgA-producing B cells. In contrast, in malignant tumours, an inverse association was observed between CD79a expression and the presence of IgG, accompanied by a significant increase in tumour antigen-specific IgG. These results suggest that IgG produced by neoplastic cells could contribute to tumour progression behavior, potentially serving as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1649599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12486304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}