Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Intranasal vs. intramuscular administration of azaperone, midazolam and ketamine in pigs.","authors":"Isabela Peixoto Rabelo, Cinthya de Andrade Gujanwski, Inácio Silva Viana, Vanessa Barroco de Paula, Ariadne Rein, Sara Peixoto Rabelo, Carlos Augusto Araújo Valadäo","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1408103","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1408103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the efficacy of intranasal (IN) and intramuscular (IM) administrations of azaperone (3 mg kg^-1), midazolam (0. 3 mg kg^-1), and ketamine (7 mg kg^-1) combination (AMK) in pigs. Study design: Randomized clinical trial. Animals: sixteen adult male pigs, immunocastrated, of mixed lineage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In phase I, these animals were randomly assigned to intranasal (GIN, <i>n</i> = 8) and intramuscular (GIM, <i>n</i> = 8) groups for arterial blood sample collection at 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, and 90 min after AMK administrations for gas and electrolyte analysis. In phase II, performed 1 week after phase I, the 16 pigs were allocated to both groups (GIM, <i>n</i> = 16/GIN, <i>n</i> = 16) and submitted to the same chemical restraint (CR) protocol, with a 96-h interval between administrations. Behavioral parameters (degree of CR, muscle relaxation, loss of postural reflex, and sound stimulus response) and vital parameters (pulse rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and rectal temperature) were evaluated after recumbency (Trec) and at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 min after administrations. In addition, the latency period and duration of CR were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Latency to recumbency and duration of CR in GIN were shorter. CR scores did not vary between groups. Muscle relaxation was more intense in GIN at Trec. An initial tachycardia was observed, followed by a reduction in heart rate from T5 to T90 in both treatments (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The respiratory rate was higher at T45, T60, and T90 in GIN compared to baseline. Rectal temperature reduced in GIM from T45 onwards. <math> <msubsup><mrow><mtext>PaCO</mtext></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> <mrow><mtext>t</mtext></mrow> </msubsup> </math> elevated at T90 in the GIM (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and there was an incidence of mild hypoxemia in 47% of the animals in the GIM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>IN administration was as effective as IM administration in promoting safe chemical restraint, with minimal changes in homeostasis, with a shorter duration and latency period.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wuzhishan miniature pig-derived intestinal 2D monolayer organoids to investigate the enteric coronavirus infection.","authors":"Yuanyuan Liu, Ning Yang, Chen Tan, Yunhang Zhang, Shuai Gao, Yifei Cai, Yue Zhang, Yuguang Fu, Guangliang Liu, Yang Li","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1457719","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1457719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal organoids are valuable tools for investigating intestinal physiology and pathology <i>ex vivo</i>. In previous studies, intestinal organoids of commercial pigs have been developed. Here, we established intestinal organoids derived from Wuzhishan miniature pigs (WZS pigs), a unique kind of pig in the Hainan province of China. Three-dimensional (3D) intestinal organoids and organoid monolayers were developed and assessed. Furthermore, the susceptibility of organoid monolayers of WZS pigs to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) was demonstrated. An RNA-seq analysis revealed that the TGEV infection stimulated antiviral and inflammatory immune responses in organoid monolayer models. The study implied the transmission risk of swine enteric coronavirus on WZS pigs and provided useful tools for further research on WZS pigs as laboratory miniature pig models.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of protective immune responses induced by DNA vaccines encoding <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i> EgM123 protein in Beagle dogs.","authors":"Ning Wang, Jinwen Xian, Pengpeng Zhao, Wenqing Zhao, Na Pu, Xinyue Jia, Yanyan Zhang, Xinwen Bo, Zhengrong Wang","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1444741","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1444741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Echinococcus granulosus, known as cystic echinococcosis, is a prominent zoonotic parasitic disease of significant global concern. The definitive hosts serves as the primary reservoir for the transmission of echinococcosis, as well as a main factor in the prevention and control of the disease. Unfortunately, there is currently no commercially available vaccine for these hosts. Nevertheless, DNA vaccines show potential as a feasible strategy for the control and management of parasitic diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the EgM123 antigen was selected for its well-documented immunogenic properties to develop a DNA vaccine aimed at combating <i>E. granulosus</i> infection in canines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed a marked increase in IgG levels in the group vaccinated with pVAX1-EgM123 DNA compared to the PBS group. Additionally, the cytokines IL-1, IFN-<i>γ</i>, IL-4, and IL-6 were significantly upregulated in the pVAX1-EgM123 DNA vaccine group. Furthermore, in comparison to the PBS control group, the EgM123 DNA vaccine group exhibited a notable 87.85% reduction in worm burden and a 65.00% inhibition in segment development.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings indicate that the pVAX1-EgM123 DNA vaccine shows promising immunogenicity, successfully eliciting a targeted immune response in canines. Moreover, it significantly diminishes the worm burden and hinders the progression of tapeworms in the pVAX1-EgM123 DNA vaccine group. These findings suggest that the pVAX1-EgM123 DNA vaccine holds promise as a potential candidate vaccine for combating <i>E. granulosus</i> infection in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybridization promotes growth performance by altering rumen microbiota and metabolites in sheep.","authors":"Rui Zhang, Liwa Zhang, Xuejiao An, Jianye Li, Chune Niu, Jinxia Zhang, Zhiguang Geng, Tao Xu, Bohui Yang, Zhenfei Xu, Yaojing Yue","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1455029","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1455029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hybridization can substantially improve growth performance. This study used metagenomics and metabolome sequencing to examine whether the rumen microbiota and its metabolites contributed to this phenomenon. We selected 48 approximately 3 month-old male ♂Hu × ♀Hu (HH, <i>n</i> = 16), ♂Poll Dorset × ♀Hu (DH, <i>n</i> = 16), and ♂Southdown × ♀Hu (SH, <i>n</i> = 16) lambs having similar body weight. The sheep were fed individually under the same nutritional and management conditions for 95 days. After completion of the trial, seven sheep close to the average weight per group were slaughtered to collect rumen tissue and content samples to measure rumen epithelial parameters, fermentation patterns, microbiota, and metabolite profiles. The final body weight (FBW), average daily gain (ADG), and dry matter intake (DMI) values in the DH and SH groups were significantly higher and the feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) significantly lower than the value in the HH group; additionally, the papilla height in the DH group was higher than that in the HH group. Acetate, propionate, and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in the DH group were higher than those in the HH group, whereas NH₃-N concentration decreased in the DH and SH groups. Metagenomic analysis revealed that several <i>Prevotella</i> and <i>Fibrobacter</i> species were significantly more abundant in the DH group, contributing to an increased ability to degrade dietary cellulose and enrich their functions in enzymes involved in carbohydrate breakdown. <i>Bacteroidaceae bacterium</i> was higher in the SH group, indicating a greater ability to digest dietary fiber. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the concentrations of rumen metabolites (mainly lysophosphatidylethanolamines [LPEs]) were higher in the DH group, and microbiome-related metabolite analysis indicated that <i>Treponema bryantii</i> and <i>Fibrobacter succinogenes</i> were positively correlated with the LPEs. Moreover, we found methionine sulfoxide and N-methyl-4-aminobutyric acid were characteristic metabolites in the DH and SH groups, respectively, and are related to oxidative stress, indicating that the environmental adaptability of crossbred sheep needs to be further improved. These findings substantially deepen the general understanding of how hybridization promotes growth performance from the perspective of rumen microbiota, this is vital for the cultivation of new species and the formulation of precision nutrition strategies for sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk stratification scheme based on the TNM staging system for dogs with oral malignant melanoma centered on clinicopathologic presentation.","authors":"Eric Song, Jessica Lawrence, Erica Greene, Anneka Christie, Stephanie Goldschmidt","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1472748","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1472748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is the most common malignant oral neoplasm in dogs. Tumor recurrence, progression, and regional and distant metastasis remain major obstacles despite advanced therapy. Tumor size has been a consistent, key independent prognostic factor; however, other clinical and histopathologic features impact prognosis and likely influence optimal treatment strategies. Adoption of a risk stratification scheme for canine OMM that stratifies groups of dogs on defined clinicopathologic features may improve reproducible and comparable studies by improving homogeneity within groups of dogs. Moreover, it would aid in the generation of multidisciplinary prospective studies that seek to define optimal treatment paradigms based on defined clinicopathologic features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To build a platform upon which to develop a risk stratification scheme, we performed a systematic review of clinicopathologic features of OMM, with particular attention to levels of evidence of published research and the quantitative prognostic effect of clinicopathologic features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tumor size and presence of bone lysis were repeatable features with the highest level of evidence for prognostic effects on survival. Overall, with strict inclusion criteria for paper review, the levels of evidence in support of other, previously proposed risk factors were low. Factors contributing to the challenge of defining clear prognostic features including inconsistencies in staging and reporting of prognostic variables, incomplete clinical outcome data, inhomogeneous treatment, and absence of randomized controlled studies.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>To overcome this in the future, we propose a risk stratification scheme that expands the TNM system to incorporate specific designations that highlight possible prognostic variables. The ability to capture key data simply from an expanded TNM description will aid in future efforts to form strong conclusions regarding prognostic variables and their influence (or lack thereof) on therapeutic decision-making and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11463030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of two-point and six-point Dixon MRI for fat fraction analysis in the lumbar vertebral bodies and paraspinal muscles in healthy dogs: comparison with magnetic resonance spectroscopy.","authors":"Hye-Won Lee, Ji-Yun Lee, Joo-Young Lee, Seung-Man Yu, Kija Lee, Sang-Kwon Lee","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1412552","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1412552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fatty degeneration of the vertebral bodies and paravertebral muscles is associated with the presence, severity, and prognosis of spinal disease such as intervertebral disc degeneration. Therefore, the fat fraction (FF) of the vertebral bodies and paraspinal muscles has been considered a potential biomarker for assessing the pathophysiology, progression, and treatment response of spinal disease. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is considered the reference standard for fat quantification; however, it has limitations of a long acquisition time and is technically demanding. Chemical shift-encoding water-fat imaging, called the Dixon method, has recently been applied for rapid fat quantification with high spatial resolution. However, the Dixon method has not been validated in veterinary medicine, and we hypothesized that the Dixon method would provide a comparable assessment of the FF to MRS but would be faster and easier to implement in dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective study, we assessed the FF of the lumbar vertebral bodies and paravertebral muscles from the first to sixth lumbar vertebrae using MRS, the two-point Dixon method (LAVA-FLEX), and the six-point Dixon method (IDEAL-IQ) and compared these techniques.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The FFs of vertebral bodies and paravertebral muscles derived from LAVA-FLEX and IDEAL-IQ showed significant correlations and agreement with those obtained with MRS. In particular, the FFs obtained with IDEAL-IQ showed higher correlations and better agreement with those obtained with MRS than those derived by LAVA-FLEX. Both Dixon methods showed excellent intra- and interobserver reproducibility for FF analysis of the vertebral bodies and paraspinal muscles. However, the test-retest repeatability of vertebral body and paraspinal muscle FF analysis was low for all three sequences, especially for the paraspinal muscles. The results of this study showed that LAVA-FLEX and IDEAL-IQ have high reproducibility and that their findings were highly correlated with the FFs of the lumber vertebral bodies and paraspinal muscles determined by MRS in dogs. The FF analysis could be performed much more easily and quickly using LAVA-FLEX and IDEAL-IQ than using MRS. In conclusion, LAVA-FLEX and IDEAL-IQ can be used as routine procedures in spinal magnetic resonance imaging in dogs for FF analysis of the vertebral bodies and paraspinal muscles.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and association with environmental factors and establishment of prediction model of atopic dermatitis in pet dogs in China.","authors":"Yingbo Dong, Long Wang, Kai Zhang, Haibin Zhang, Dawei Guo","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1428805","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1428805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a common skin disease in dogs. Various pathogenic factors contribute to CAD, with dust mites, environmental pathogens, and other substances being predominant. This research involved comprehensive statistical analysis and prediction of CAD in China, using data from 14 cities. A distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was developed to evaluate the impact of environmental factors on CAD incidence. Additionally, a seasonal auto-regressive moving average (ARIMA) model was used to forecast the monthly number of CAD cases. The findings indicated that CAD mainly occurs during June, July, August, and September in China. There was a positive correlation found between CAD incidence and temperature and humidity, while a negative correlation was observed with CO, PM2.5, and other pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142396942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies, challenges, and outcomes of heat stress resilience in sub-Saharan African community-based cattle feedlots: a systematic review.","authors":"Mhlangabezi Slayi, Leocadia Zhou, Ishmael Festus Jaja","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1455917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1455917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In sub-Saharan Africa, cattle feedlots face a significant challenge in dealing with heat stress. However, there is a lack of inclusive strategies for resilience in these situations. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the strategies, challenges, and outcomes related to heat stress resilience in community-based cattle feedlots in sub-Saharan Africa. The PRISMA approach, which is a method for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses, was used to identify, screen, and analyze 30 peer-reviewed articles published over the last 20 years from Google Scholar and Scopus. The review found that key strategies to mitigate heat stress include providing shade through natural and artificial means, ensuring constant access to cool, clean water using water spraying systems and cooling ponds, and implementing nutritional adjustments such as high-energy feeds and electrolyte supplements. Additionally, genetic selection for heat-tolerant breeds and management practices like adjusting feeding times and improving ventilation were found to be effective in dealing with heat stress. In particular, local germplasm and genetic traits of cattle in sub-Saharan Africa play a crucial role in heat stress resilience. Indigenous breeds, which have adapted to the region's harsh climate over centuries, exhibit traits such as higher heat tolerance, better water-use efficiency, and improved feed conversion rates under heat stress conditions. This genetic resilience can be enhanced through targeted breeding programs aimed at amplifying these beneficial traits. Implementing these strategies resulted in improved cattle health and productivity, as evidenced by enhanced weight gain, better reproductive performance, and lower mortality rates. The socio-economic benefits of these strategies included reduced economic losses and increased farmer incomes, which in turn contributed to improved community health and nutrition. However, the review also identified significant challenges, including financial constraints, limited access to knowledge and training, and cultural resistance. To address these barriers, the review recommends increased investment in affordable cooling technologies, farmer education, and community-based initiatives. Additionally, leveraging the genetic strengths of local cattle breeds should be prioritized to maximize the effectiveness of heat stress resilience strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular mechanism of Dang-Shen-Yu-Xing decoction against <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> pneumonia based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations and experimental verification.","authors":"Mengmeng Yang, Fei Yang, Yanan Guo, Fan Liu, Yong Li, Yanrong Qi, Lei Guo, Shenghu He","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1431233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1431233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> pneumonia is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i>. It is particularly prevalent in calves, posing a significant threat to animal health and leading to substantial economic losses. Dang-Shen-Yu-Xing decoction is often used to treat this condition in veterinary clinics. It exhibits robust anti-inflammatory effects and can alleviate pulmonary fibrosis. However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to preliminarily explore the molecular mechanism of Dang-Shen-Yu-Xing decoction for treating <i>mycoplasma</i> pneumonia in calves through a combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation methods, and experimental validation. The active components and related targets of Dang-Shen-Yu-Xing decoction were extracted from several public databases. Additionally, complex interactions between drugs and targets were explored through network topology, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses. Subsequently, the binding affinity of drug to disease-related targets was verified through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. Finally, the pharmacodynamics were verified via animal experiments. The primary network topology analysis revealed two core targets and 10 key active components of Dang-Shen-Yu-Xing decoction against <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> pneumonia. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis showed that the mechanism of Dang-Shen-Yu-Xing decoction for treating <i>mycoplasma bovis</i> pneumonia involved multiple signaling pathways, with the main pathways including PI3K-Akt and IL17 signaling pathways. Moreover, molecular docking predicted the binding affinity and conformation of the core targets of Dang-Shen-Yu-Xing decoction, IL6, and IL10, with the associated main active ingredients. The results showed a strong binding of the active ingredients to the hub target. Further, molecular docking dynamics simulation revealed three key active components of IL10 induced by Dang-Shen-Yu-Xing decoction against <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> pneumonia. Finally, animal experiments confirmed Dang-Shen-Yu-Xing decoction pharmacodynamics, suggesting that it holds potential as an alternative therapy for treating <i>mycoplasma bovis</i> pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow cytometry of non-hematopoietic cells in canine effusions.","authors":"Federica Sini, Maverick Melega, Francesca Tiziana Cannizzo, Barbara Miniscalco, Paola Valenti, Fulvio Riondato","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1414271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1414271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The identification of non-hematopoietic cells in effusions is a diagnostic challenge in cytology. Biopsies from mesothelium or primary lesions are infrequently performed in clinical settings and immunochemistry on smears or immunohistochemistry on cell blocks are the most common ancillary test to refine the cytological diagnosis. Cavitary effusions are an ideal matrix for flow cytometry and the availability of a cytometric panel to describe non-hematopoietic cells would represent a useful tool. Here we present the results of the flow cytometric and immunohistochemical determination of cytokeratin (CK), vimentin (VIM) and desmin (DES) in 36 canine effusions. The concordance between the two methods was perfect for CK (100%), substantial for VIM (77.8%), and almost perfect for DES (97.2%). The panel was interpreted to define the epithelial (CK+VIM-DES-), mesothelial (CK+VIM+DES+), or mesenchymal (CK-VIM+DES-) origin of the cells. Unexpected profiles were considered doubtful and observed patterns were individually discussed. The concordance of the panel interpretation between two methods was 75%. The evaluation of discordant and doubtful cases suggests a lower sensitivity of flow cytometry in detecting VIM expression and revealed a high frequency of VIM+ epithelial cells, variable expression of VIM in mesothelial cells, and an important role of DES in excluding an epithelial origin when positive. Multicentric studies based on histopathological diagnoses are necessary to confirm these findings and evaluate the diagnostic utility of the panel to refine cytological diagnosis. Our results show that flow cytometry can be a timesaving alternative to IHC on cell blocks in clinical settings to detect CK, VIM and DES expression. The interpretation of the panel is similar in most cases; however, occasional discordant results, particularly for VIM, may occur.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}