Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Dietary canthaxanthin improves egg production rate through regulating hepatic lipid metabolism and redox status in indigenous chickens.","authors":"Jie Chen, Sumeng Yu, Xiaofeng Zhang, Yiping Song, Xiaoyun Zhou, Mei Xiao, Wenchao Liu, Lilong An","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1607039","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1607039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidative stress during egg production disrupts hepatic lipid metabolism and impairs laying performance in hens. This study investigated the effects of dietary canthaxanthin (CX) supplementation (0, 4, 6, 8, 10 mg/kg) on hepatic histomorphology, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and egg production in indigenous chickens reared under controlled conditions (25 ± 2°C, 65-75% humidity). A total of 180 one-day-old female chickens were randomly assigned to a control group (NC) and four treatment groups (NT1, NT2, NT3, NT4). The trial lasted 9 weeks, with sampling performed at weeks 3, 6, and 9. During the experimental period, compared with the control group, dietary CX supplementation improved the liver weight, egg production rate, serum HDL-C, TG, TC in liver and serum (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At week 6, dietary 6 mg/kg CX supplementation significantly reduced yolk TG and serum LDL-C levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while 10 mg/kg CX significantly increased serum T-AOC and SOD activities (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At week 3, 10 mg/kg CX significantly enhanced serum CAT and GSH-Px activities (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At week 9, 8 mg/kg CX significantly decreased serum MDA levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Histological analysis revealed that CX improved liver cell structure, reducing vacuolar degeneration and lipid droplet deposition. Additionally, CX significantly upregulated the expression of SREBP-1c, FASN, ACC, ME, and LXRα in the liver (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with CX demonstrates beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and egg production in laying hens, with an optimal recommended dosage of 8 mg/kg. This study provides theoretical evidence supporting CX as a functional feed additive to ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders and enhance laying performance in poultry production.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1607039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract on the antioxidant capacity, and immune status of goslings under stress conditions.","authors":"Qing Qu, Yihong Sun, Yayan Liang, Yongsheng Nie, Ming Gao, Yaohui Yuan, Wei Wang, Shuo Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1558440","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1558440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the development and improvement of the scale, intensification, and production level of the goose farming industry, oxidative stress often occurs during the process of producing meat geese. This study employed the intraperitoneal injection method with a concentration of 2.96 mmol/mL H₂O₂ to establish a model of oxidative stress in goslings. The effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (AEF) extract on the immune function, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, intestinal morphology, and intestinal barrier integrity of goslings were investigated. Twenty-four 1-month-old Magang geese from the same batch were randomly divided into four groups: control group (C group), AEF treatment group (AEF group), H₂O₂ stress group (S group), AEF and H₂O₂ stress group (S + AEF group). The experiment lasted for 30 days, during which the AEF group and the S + AEF group were fed 0.1 g/mL of AEF aqueous solution, once daily. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was employed as the stressor. On the 25th day of the experiment, the goslings were weighed and administered an abdominal cavity injection of H2O2. The results showed that compared with the control group, the body weight, spleen weight, bursa index of fabricius, spleen index, thymus index, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and catalase (CAT) in serum, liver, and jejunum were decreased in S group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the S group, the body weight, spleen weight, bursa index of fabricius, spleen index, thymus index, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and catalase (CAT) in serum, liver, and jejunum were enhanced in S + AEF group and S + AEF + LP group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, the content of cortisol (CORT) and blood glucose were increased in S group (<i>p</i> < 0.05), AEF and AEF + LP effectively alleviated these growth trend. Supplementing with AEF and LP post-stress alleviated stress-induced the expression of inflammatory factors (TGF-<i>β</i>, TNF-<i>α</i>, IL-1β, IL-6), and improve L*, a*, b*, Ph45 (min), Ph24 (h) and drip loss in pectoral (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The intestinal morphology results showed that the villus structures in the duodenum and jejunum of goslings were short and sparse under stress conditions, with a significant decrease in the villus height/crypt depth ratio (Vh/Cd). After AEF treatments, the villus height increased, leading to an improved Vh/Cd in the small intestine. In conclusion, AEF can enhance the immune performance, and antioxidant capacity of goslings, thereby improving intestinal health. These findings offer new insights into enhancing immune performance and preventing stress in goslings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1558440"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and zoonotic potential of <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i> and <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> in dairy cattle from Anhui Province, China.","authors":"Falei Li, Shimei Cheng, Chaoyue He, Libing Meng, Aihong Wang, Meng Shao, Gaoxiao Xu, Huilin Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1613342","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1613342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi (E. bieneusi)</i> and <i>Giardia duodenalis (G. duodenalis)</i> are common intestinal pathogens in humans and farmed animals. There is limited data available on the positivity rates and genetic identity of <i>E. bieneusi</i> and <i>G. duodenalis</i> in dairy cattle from Anhui, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To understand the transmission of <i>E. bieneusi</i> and <i>G. duodenalis</i> in these animals, a total of 1,043 fecal samples were collected from cattle on five farms (Fuyang, Huainan, Huaibei, Bengbu, and Jieshou) in Anhui province of China between May 2023 and August 2024. The <i>G. duodenalis</i> in fecal samples was detected by nested PCR targeting a 511-bp fragment of the <i>β</i>-giardin (<i>bg</i>) gene, a 599-bp fragment of the glutamate dehydrogenase (<i>gdh</i>) gene, and a 530-bp fragment of the triosephosphate isomerase (<i>tpi</i>) gene. The <i>E. bieneusi</i> was detected by nested PCR targeting a 392-bp fragment of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the rRNA gene.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PCR analysis revealed positivity rates of 29.7% (310/1043) for <i>E. bieneusi</i> and 2.8% (29/1043) for <i>G. duodenalis</i>. The cattle from the Bengbu farm had significantly higher positivity rates of <i>E. bieneusi</i> than Fuyang, Huainan, and Huaibei farms (<i>χ</i> ² = 61.6, <i>df</i> = 1, <i>p</i> < 0.0001; <i>χ</i> ² = 76.4, <i>df</i> = 1, <i>p</i> < 0.0001; <i>χ</i> ² = 20.6, <i>df</i> = 1, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). A total of 11 known genotypes of <i>E. bieneusi</i> have been identified: J (<i>n</i> = 154), BEB4 (<i>n</i> = 76), I (<i>n</i> = 63), CGC1 (<i>n</i> = 8), N (<i>n</i> = 2), BEB8 (<i>n</i> = 2), ALP1 (<i>n</i> = 1), BLC13 (<i>n</i> = 1), CHC13 (<i>n</i> = 1), CHN6 (<i>n</i> = 1), and D (<i>n</i> = 1). Additionally, two genotypes of <i>G. duodenalis</i> have been identified, including assemblage A (<i>n</i> = 6) and assemblage E (<i>n</i> = 23).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The results indicate that known zoonotic <i>E. bieneusi</i> and <i>G. duodenalis</i> are prevalent in dairy cattle, thereby enhancing our understanding of the genetic diversity and transmission of these pathogens in these animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1613342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of dietary <i>Alpinia Katsumadai</i> extracts on production performance, meat quality, and gene expression in AMPK signaling regulatory pathway of Wuzhishan pigs.","authors":"Hongzhi Wu, Xilong Yu, Xiaoyu Zhang, Euphrème Ipemba, Ghislain Boungou Bakala, Lessebe Gambou Dieu Leveut, Weiqi Peng, Fengjie Ji, Hanfeng Li, Ting Cao, Renlong Lv","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1563498","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1563498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pork is one of the most consumed meats globally, especially in China, Europe, and North America. Meat quality is a multifaceted concept that can be assessed from several key perspectives, such as palatability, nutritional value, and processing characteristics. This study investigated the effects of dietary <i>Alpinia Katsumadai</i> extracts on meat quality, amino acids, and long-chain fatty acids profiles, as well as gene expressions in the AMPK signaling regulatory pathway of Wuzhishan pigs. Forty-eight pigs were selected and randomly divided into four groups, with six replicates and two pigs for each replicate. The control group (CON) was administered a basal diet, while the experimental groups received basal diets supplemented with 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg of <i>Alpinia Katsumadai</i> extracts, respectively (designated as AK1, AK2, and AK3). The results showed that compared with the control group, the components of the treated groups exhibited significant differences. Specifically, the muscle inosinic acid, intramuscular fat, and triacylglycerol contents were higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In terms of quality, the b* and L* values of the longissimus dorsi muscle at 45 min post-slaughter were higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and drip loss was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Regarding metabolism, the muscle C14:0, C16:0, C18:3 n3, C18:2 n6c, C20:4 n6, and PUFA proportions were higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while MUFA proportions were lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, the relative expressions of <i>ACC</i>, <i>PRKAA1</i>, <i>PRKAG1</i>, and <i>MyHC I</i> in the muscle were higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas those of <i>PRKAB1</i>, <i>PRKAB2</i>, <i>PPARγ</i>, and <i>MyHC IIb</i> were lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the liver, the relative expressions of <i>ACC</i>, <i>PRKAA1</i>, and <i>PRKAG1</i> were higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and those of <i>PPARγ</i>, <i>PRKAB1</i>, <i>PRKAB2</i>, and <i>PGC-1α</i> were lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These findings indicate that <i>Alpinia Katsumadai</i> extracts enhance the meat composition, quality, amino acids, long-chain fatty acids, and gene expressions in the AMPK signaling regulatory pathway of Wuzhishan pigs. The optimal dosage identified in this study is 600 mg/kg.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1563498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of clopidogrel impact on canine platelet function using flow cytometry and thromboelastography platelet mapping.","authors":"Eunchae Yoon, Chaewon Shin, Hyeona Bae, Kyu-Woan Cho, Dong-In Jung, Jinho Park, Dongbin Lee, DoHyeon Yu","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1555641","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1555641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clopidogrel is frequently used in veterinary medicine to therapeutically decrease platelet function, although some different dosages have been published. Therefore, we assessed the antiplatelet effects of the recommended dosage (1 mg/kg PO q24h) on canine platelet function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five dogs were administered either clopidogrel or placebo, with a 14-day washout period. Platelet function was assessed using thromboelastography (TEG) and flow cytometry, complete blood count, and biochemical analyses were performed for clinicopathological evaluation. Blood samples were collected at baseline and 7 days after drug administration. TEG parameters including maximum amplitude and platelet mapping for adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced responses were used to monitor therapeutic efficacy. Flow cytometry was used to analyze CD62P expression and platelet activation stimulated by ADP and other agonists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TEG analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in ADP-induced clot strength following clopidogrel administration (<i>p</i> < 0.05), indicating effective platelet inhibition. Flow cytometry confirmed the marked inhibition of platelet activation, with significant decreases in the percentage of CD62P positive platelets and the mean fluorescence intensity under ADP and epinephrine stimulation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Hematological and biochemical parameters remained stable across all groups, confirming the safety of clopidogrel administration. These findings highlight the efficacy and safety of clopidogrel as an antiplatelet agent in dogs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirmed the efficacy of low-dose (1 mg/kg, p.o., q24h) clopidogrel in dogs without a loading dose. TEG and flow cytometry are effective tools for assessing clopidogrel responsiveness in dogs and may aid in optimizing antiplatelet therapy in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1555641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide long non-coding RNA expression profile and its regulatory role in the ileocecal valve from <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i>-infected cattle.","authors":"Gerard Badia-Bringué, Victoria Asselstine, Ángela Cánovas, Marta Alonso-Hearn","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1601267","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1601267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine paratuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic enteritis caused by <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP), which results in significant economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating the host immune response due to their interaction with transcripts in proximity. However, their annotation in cattle remains limited, and their role in cattle naturally infected with MAP has not been fully explored. In this study, lncRNAs were identified in the transcriptome of ileocecal valve samples from control cows without lesions (<i>N</i> = 4) and with PTB-associated focal (<i>N</i> = 5) and diffuse (<i>N</i> = 5) lesions in intestinal tissues using RNA sequencing. The raw reads were uploaded into the CLC Bio Genomics Workbench, and the trimmed reads were mapped to the <i>Bos taurus</i> ARS_UCD1.2.109 reference genome using the Large Gap Read Mapping tool. The resulting annotation allowed the identification of 1,434 LncRNAs, 899 of which were novel, using the FlExible Extraction of LncRNA pipeline. LncRNA differential expression (DE) analysis performed with <i>DESeq2</i> allowed the identification of 1, 6, and 2 DE lncRNAs in the comparisons of cows with focal lesions <i>versus</i> (<i>vs</i>) controls, diffuse lesions <i>vs.</i> controls, and diffuse <i>vs.</i> focal lesions, respectively. Best lncRNA partner analysis identified expression correlations between the <i>lncRNA1086.1</i>, lncRNA <i>ENSBTAG00000050406</i>, and <i>lncRNA_2340.1</i>, and the <i>Inactive Phosphatidylinositol 3-Phosphatase 9</i> (<i>MTMR9</i>), <i>GM Domain Family member B (RGMB),</i> and the <i>homeobox A6</i> (<i>HOXA6</i>), respectively. The <i>MTMR9</i> negatively regulates apoptosis, the <i>RGMB</i> positively regulates IL-6 expression, and the <i>HOXA6</i> regulates cell differentiation and inflammation. The results of the quantitative trait locus (QTL) enrichment analysis showed that the DE lncRNAs were located in genomic regions previously associated with clinical mastitis, HDL cholesterol, bovine tuberculosis, paratuberculosis, and bovine leukosis susceptibility. The identified DE lncRNAs could allow the development of novel PTB diagnostic tools and have potential applications in breeding strategies for PTB-resistant cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1601267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective report on xenotransfusion of canine serum albumin in five critically ill cats.","authors":"Eric Sirabian, Rebecca A Walton, April E Blong","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1585988","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1585988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective case series describes the xenotransfusion of canine serum albumin (CSA) in five critically ill cats. Four cats received a single xenotransfusion of CSA, while one cat received two separate xenotransfusions. Overall, two out of five cats (40%) survived long enough to be discharged, which is similar to previously published survival rates for critically ill cats. One cat exhibited clinical signs attributable to acute transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), while two cats showed clinical signs suggestive of a possible, although less likely, transfusion reaction. While a prospective study is needed, the review of the cases presented here suggests that CSA may provide oncotic and hemodynamic support and be safe to administer to critically ill cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1585988"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First isolation and characterization of a bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 genotype C strain from an aborted Holstein fetus.","authors":"Yunxin Ren, Xi Chen, Cheng Tang, Hua Yue","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1598013","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1598013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3) is a significant pathogen responsible for bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) and reproductive disorders. Despite its importance, genomic studies of BPIV3 in abortion samples are currently lacking. We detected a BPIV3-positive sample via PCR in the lung sample from an aborted Holstein fetus; therefore, this study aimed to isolate and identify a BPIV3 strain from the aborted fetus sample of Holstein and analyze its genome. We successfully isolated and obtained a BPIV3 strain using MDBK cell lines, named LC1. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete genome sequences revealed that the LC1 strain belongs to genotype C and clusters into a branch with the Chinese strain SD2020. Notably, unique amino acid mutations were identified in the P (I297T) and M (P5N) proteins of the LC1 strain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first BPIV3 genotype C strain to be isolated from a bovine abortion sample, as well as the first characterization of the abortion source BPIV3 genome reported. This finding lays the foundation for further studies on the genetic diversity of BPIV3.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1598013"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue plasminogen activator modified thromboelastography identifies fibrinolysis resistance in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia.","authors":"Robert Goggs, Samantha Davis, Marjory B Brooks","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1571683","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1571683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is an important immunologic disorder in dogs that is associated with high mortality rates, frequently due to thromboembolism. Multiple factors contribute to the pathophysiology of thrombosis in IMHA including intravascular tissue factor expression, platelet activation, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. It was hypothesized that dogs with IMHA have impaired fibrinolysis that can be detected using a modified viscoelastic assay and that biomarkers of NET formation are associated with this hypofibrinolysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty dogs with non-associative IMHA were enrolled and paired thromboelastography (TEG) assays with and without additional tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) performed. A panel of hemostasis tests including measurement of plasma thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) activity, active plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and concentrations of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and nucleosomes were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dogs with IMHA had hypercoagulable TEG tracings, increased TAFI activity and frequently displayed fibrinolysis resistance defined as minimal lysis in tPA augmented TEG assays. Increased concentrations of cfDNA, nucleosomes and active PAI-1 in dogs with IMHA compared to healthy controls were identified.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These observations support the hypothesis that hypofibrinolysis is a common feature of IMHA in dogs. Increased plasma active PAI-1 concentrations and TAFI activities might contribute to the observed hypofibrinolysis. The combined hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis observed supports recent recommendations to provide thromboprophylaxis to all dogs with IMHA. These findings also suggest that NETosis might contribute to the common prothrombotic imbalance of IMHA in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1571683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic imaging in the pregnant bitch: risks, advantages, and disadvantages.","authors":"Magdalena Schrank, Maria Pereira, Antonio Mollo","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1588847","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1588847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diagnostic imaging techniques are routinely used in bitches during pregnancy. Ultrasound examination (UE) and radiographic imaging (RI) are the two most frequently employed exams, for pregnancy diagnosis, assessment of fetal vitality and parturition date prediction, and for determination of litter size, respectively. In human medicine, the effects of radiation exposure resulting from diagnostic imaging, as well as radiation thresholds above which the risk of permanent damage to the offspring is significant, are well documented. Although no such information is available in veterinary medicine, breeders are increasingly skeptical about the use of X-rays in bitches in late-stage pregnancy, both because of the potential harm caused by the stress of the exam and because of the direct effects of radiation on the dam and fetuses. Stress is known to exert an effect in the reproductive processes in many species with one of the greatest stressors being the separation of the bitch from the pups for transport to the veterinary clinic during or right after parturition. This review also demonstrates that the harm resulting from radiation exposure from a radiographic study in a bitch during late-stage pregnancy and for its fetuses, who have already completed organogenesis, is poorly researched. While breeders' hesitations may be perceived as unfounded by the veterinarians, it is crucial that they are taken into consideration and that clear communication between the breeder and veterinarian is established. Owners should be informed of the lack of studies on the subject in the domestic dog but also presented the available information for other species including the human.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1588847"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}