Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Characterizing masticatory motion of dogs using optical and electromagnetic motion tracking.","authors":"Stephanie Goldschmidt, Hooi Pin Chew, Stephen Guy, Alex Fok","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1625335","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1625335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Accurate knowledge of masticatory motion across a variety of food materials is essential for <i>ex-vivo</i> testing and simulation of the food-teeth interaction. Yet, the masticatory motion has never been fully characterized in the domestic dog (<i>Canis lupus</i>), limiting our ability for <i>ex-vivo</i> modelling.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to characterize masticatory motion among a variety of different foods in beagle dogs using optical and electromagnetic motion tracking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We confirmed that the masticatory pattern in the beagle is a hinge motion with no clinically meaningful horizontal motion of the mandible. The mouth opening was not significantly difference among different food and treat types regardless of food stiffness and force to fracture of the food, with a mean and standard deviation of 2.51  ±  0.33 (range 1.93-2.95) cm between the canine teeth during chewing. Conversely, frequency of chewing was influenced by food type, with kibbles having a significantly higher peak mean chewing frequency (2.93 Hz) compared to other feeds. Frequency of chewing was linearly correlated to the force to fracture of the food material (<i>p</i> = 0.03, R² = 0.56), while stiffness of food did not significantly affect peak chewing frequency.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Data from this study can guide ex-vivo modelling of the feed-teeth interaction for product design and testing, especially those that focus on prevention of periodontal disease and dentoalveolar trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1625335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patent <i>Troglostrongylus brevior-, Aelurostrongylus abstrusus-, Angiostrongylus</i> sp.-, and <i>Crenosoma</i> sp. infections in wild Eurasian lynxes (<i>Lynx lynx</i>) and their habitat-sharing gastropod intermediate hosts.","authors":"Marcel Haas, Lisa Segeritz, Ole Anders, Tomma Lilli Middelhoff, Akary Myat Tun, Seyed Sajjad Hasheminasab, Berardino Cocchiararo, Alena Dusch, Anja Taubert, Carlos Hermosilla","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1515507","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1515507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The formerly widely spread Eurasian lynx (<i>Lynx lynx</i>) nowadays represents an endangered large wild felid species in Germany. Recent and ongoing conservation efforts have succeeded in establishing small but stable lynx populations in distinct parts of Germany. However, very little is known on the occurrence of neglected and re-emerging gastropod-borne cardiopulmonary nematodes in wild <i>L. lynx</i> populations in Europe. Therefore, the aim of current study was to estimate metastrongyloid infections in, a group of seven free-ranging, (sub-) adult Eurasian lynxes from the Harz Mountains (Germany) which were equipped with GPS/GSMS collars and in resident gastropod intermediate host populations. Both, lynx scat samples (<i>n</i> = 24) and terrestrial gastropods (<i>n</i> = 153) were collected in close proximity to prey remains left behind by Eurasian lynxes respectively in natural habitats in a non-invasive and un-molested manner. Fresh fecal samples were analyzed for the presence of metastrongyloid first-stage larvae (L1) by standard Baermann funnel technique and morphologically identified to genus level. Morphological metastrongyloid L1 were additionally investigated by PCR for final species identification. Terrestrial gastropods (i.e., slugs, semi-slugs, snails) were morphologically identified to genus level, thereafter artificially digested and analyzed for the presence of lungworm larvae. This work delivers a first report on the occurrence of patent <i>Troglostrongylus brevior-</i>, and <i>Crenosoma</i> sp.-infections in wild Eurasian lynxes in Germany and re-confirms recent findings on <i>Aelurostrongylus abstrusus-</i> and <i>Angiostrongylus</i> sp. infections in these lynxes. Overall, a total lungworm occurrence of 37,5% (9/24) was detected in assessed Eurasian lynx samples and 51.1% (4/7) of lynxes showed patent metastrongyloid infections. In digested terrestrial gastropods, 1.3% (2/153) contained <i>A. vasorum</i> larvae, underlining a successful propagation of <i>A. vasorum</i> life cycle in the Harz Mountains. Hence, we recommend regular monitoring for metastrongyloid infections not only in wild Eurasian lynxes but also in obligate intermediate hosts to better understand their impact on animal and population health to support current conservation efforts on this endangered large felid species in Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1515507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12269865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of risk-based antigen and antibody surveillance strategies and their association with HPAI outbreaks in South Korean duck farms.","authors":"Saleem Ahmad, Dae Sung Yoo","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1582269","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1582269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) continues to threaten the poultry industry, particularly in duck farms, where early detection is critical to preventing widespread outbreaks. In South Korea, risk-based antigen and antibody surveillance strategies have been implemented to enhance early warning capabilities. However, the effectiveness of these strategies-especially in terms of testing frequency, timing, and spatial alignment with outbreak risks-remains under-evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed antigen and antibody surveillance data from South Korean duck farms between 2019 and 2022. Testing frequencies and intervals were assessed across high-risk (October-May) and low-risk (June-September) periods, as well as during non-epidemic (2019-2020) and epidemic (2020-2021 and 2021-2022) seasons. Spatial hotspot analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*) and negative binomial regression were applied to evaluate associations between test patterns and HPAI outbreak occurrence. Additionally, test-to-outbreak intervals were calculated to assess the timeliness of detection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Antigen testing frequencies were significantly associated with HPAI outbreaks during high-risk periods (coefficient = 0.56, IRR = 1.75, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Hot-spot analysis revealed that cold spots received disproportionately more antigen testing than outbreak hotspots (<i>p</i> < 0.001), indicating a misalignment in surveillance priorities. Despite intensified testing during epidemic seasons, no significant reductions were observed in the time intervals between the last diagnostic test and outbreak onset (<i>p</i> > 0.05), suggesting limited improvement in early detection.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings highlight both the strengths and limitations of South Korea's current HPAI surveillance strategy in duck farms. While antigen testing serves as a useful predictor of outbreak risk, the spatial and temporal mismatch between surveillance intensity and actual outbreak distribution undermines its effectiveness. A more adaptive and geographically targeted testing approach is needed to enhance outbreak preparedness and response. These results provide a foundation for optimizing future surveillance strategies to minimize the economic and public health impacts of HPAI.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1582269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing diagnostic criteria for feline obesity using a highly sensitive serum amyloid A assay.","authors":"Miki Kobayashi, Motoo Kobayashi, Tomoaki Hirose, Masashi Yuki, Satoru Imano, Yukari Asahi, Takahiro Teshima, Toshiro Arai","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1630963","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1630963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The global increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity is associated with several chronic diseases. Obesity is characterized by systemic low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress caused by excessive fat accumulation. This study aimed to establish diagnostic criteria for pathological obesity in cats using a highly sensitive serum amyloid A (SAA) assay.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 29 client-owned cats (3-14 years old) with varying body condition scores (BCS) were included. These cats underwent medical checkups and were not treated for any specific diseases. They were divided into three groups: healthy control, simple obesity, and obesity disease. The plasma levels of metabolites, hormones, and enzymes were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the simple obesity cats, body weight, BCS, and plasma triglyceride (TG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were significantly higher than those in the healthy control cats. In the obesity disease cats, BCS was significantly higher than that in the simple obesity cats, and plasma TG and SAA concentrations and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities increased significantly compared to those in the simple obesity cats. Adiponectin concentrations in the obesity disease cats were significantly lower than those in the healthy control cats.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The novel criteria for feline obesity (overweight cats exhibiting two or more of the following symptoms: hyperlipidemia and high ALT and SAA levels) were based on biomarker values that were significantly higher than those in the simple obesity cats. These novel criteria may help detect pathological obesity at an early stage. Early and accurate diagnosis can prevent age-related diseases including obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1630963"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biportal endoscopic spine surgery for treatment of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation in 13 dogs.","authors":"Yongsun Kim, Ji-Hey Lim, Yebin Ryu, Dae Jung Choi","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1638065","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1638065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to describe the technique and evaluate the clinical outcomes of utilizing a biportal endoscopic spine surgery (BESS) for the treatment of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) in dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen client-owned dogs diagnosed with single level thoracolumbar IVDH using magnetic resonance imaging were included. A mini-hemilaminectomy was performed using the BESS system. Briefly, the dogs were positioned in sternal recumbency and two portal skin entry points were confirmed under fluoroscopic guidance. The endoscopic portal provided continuous irrigation and visualization, while the instrumental portal allowed for instrument manipulation and disc removal. Pre- and postoperative neurologic status, operation time, perioperative complications were recorded and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dogs ranged in age from 4 to 11 years (median 7.5 years) and weighed ranging from 5.0 to 9.1 kg (median 7.4 kg). Clinical presentations ranged from ambulatory paraparesis to non-ambulatory paraparesis. The BESS approach enabled effective spinal cord decompression and removal of extruded disc material without intraoperative complications. No cases required conversion to open hemilaminectomy. The average operation time was 53 ± 10.5 min. At 6 weeks postoperatively, all dogs exhibited normal neurological function, and no complications were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These clinical findings support that minimally invasive BESS is a safe and feasible technique for treating thoracolumbar IVDH in small-breed dogs. The BESS approach offers an effective surgical alternative for the treatment of thoracolumbar IVDH in canine patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1638065"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sublaminar stabilization (stapling) of the caudal cervical instability in Yorkshire terrier-A case report.","authors":"Jacek Sterna, Beata Degórska, Joanna Bonecka, Mikhal Baranski","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1606037","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1606037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report describes the long-term outcome of surgical treatment of rare spinal instability in small-breed dogs. A 2-year and 7-month-old male Yorkshire terrier, weighing 1.5 kg, was presented with tetraparesis and proprioceptive deficits, neck pain, and intact deep pain sensation for a clinical examination. The conservative treatment had been unsuccessful for 20 months. A diagnosis of C6-C7 instability with a slight vertebral subluxation was made, which led to the decision about sublaminar stabilization. The Kirschner wire was placed on both sides of the spinous processes from C5 to T1 using the left dorsal approach. A polyamide monofilament suture was passed under the laminas of the cervical fifth, sixth, and seventh vertebras and tied around the Kirschner wire. The cranial end of the Kirschner wire had been stuck under the lamina of the fourth cervical vertebra after the surgery. A reoperation was performed 33 days later. The cranial end of the Kirschner wire was removed from under the lamina and bent dorsally. The dog was ambulatory and without neck pain 2 days after the reoperation. Five years after the surgical treatment, the dog is still ambulatory with normal proprioceptive positioning but with subtle ataxia. This kind of stapling sublaminar stabilization may be a useful method as a primary means for stabilization in cases of cervical spine instability in small dogs. It may also serve as a secondary procedure in cases of severe complications after the failure of other methods applied from the ventral approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1606037"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12264983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel L1C.5 RFLP-1-4-4 recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus between wild-type virus and a modified-live virus vaccine is highly pathogenic to piglets.","authors":"Xue Gao, Jun Zhou, Runmin Kang, Haohao Lu, Shuo Feng, Yiwen Pei, Jie Liu, Zhidong Zhang, Long Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1627238","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1627238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a severe viral disease in pigs caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). It poses a severe threat to the global swine breeding industry. Recently, the emergence of PRRSV lineage 1C.5 in the United States and China with the RFLP 1-4-4 pattern has raised worldwide attention; however, there are few studies on the genome and pathogenic characteristics of the L1C.5 RFLP 1-4-4 PRRSV in China. In this study, a novel PRRSV-2 variant, designated GX2024, was isolated from a RespPRRS MLV-vaccinated piglet in China using Marc-145 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). The complete viral genome was further determined and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis of its ORF5 gene showed that GX2024 belonged to PRRSV-2 L1C.5 (RFLP-1-4-4) group, whereas the complete genome sequence clustered into L8E (JXA1-like) group and it contains a discontinuous 131-aa deletion in NSP2 when compared to the NADC30 strain. Notably, recombination analyses indicated that GX2024 is a multiple recombinant virus from two wild-type PRRSVs L1C.5 (NADC30-like) and L8E (JXA1-like), and a RespPRRS MLV vaccine (L5A) strain. To tested the pathogenicity of GX2024, nine four-week-old piglets were divided into two groups (GX2024-challenge group, <i>n</i> = 5; negative control, <i>n</i> = 4). GX2024 infection caused high fever (40-42°C) and severe hemorrhagic pneumonia with pulmonary edema. The lymph nodes exhibited obvious hemorrhagic spots with lymphadenopathy. Of note, all GX2024-infected piglets died within 14 days with 100% mortality, indicating that GX2024 is a highly pathogenic PRRSV strain. Our study reports the emergence of a novel highly pathogenic L1C.5 RFLP-1-4-4 recombinant strain, which merits special attention in control and vaccine strategies in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1627238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the vitrification parameters for oviduct aggregates in <i>Camelus dromedarius</i>.","authors":"Mohamed M M El-Sokary, Hamad A Albreiki, Seham F Shehata, Karima Gh M Mahmoud","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1561144","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1561144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Camel oviductal isthmus aggregates provide a novel and promising model for studying sperm attachment and longevity, offering a potential alternative for short-to mid-term sperm preservation and transport under non-cryogenic conditions. Effective cryopreservation of the aggregates for later use can contribute to addressing challenges associated with camel semen preservation by potentially extending sperm lifespan and facilitating semen transport to remote areas without cryogenic facilities. Challenges in preserving the structural integrity and viability of camel oviductal aggregates remain a key critical gap during cryopreservation. This study evaluated the efficiency of vitrification protocols for camel oviductal isthmus aggregates, focusing on the effects of aggregate size, cryoprotectants (CPA), cryodevices, post-thaw viability, and sperm-binding capacity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Aggregates retrieved from the oviductal isthmus were classified into four size groups (50, 100, 150, and 200 μm) and vitrified to determine the influence of size on post-thaw outcomes. CPA concentrations (3, 5, and 7 M) of DMSO and EG in a 1:1 ratio were tested for their impact on structural integrity and viability. The performance of cryodevices, including cryovials, 0.5 mL straws, and 0.25 mL straws, was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The results indicated that aggregates sized 150 μm and 200 μm demonstrated superior post-thaw viability, with intactness rates of 78 ± 2.0% and 83 ± 2.8%, respectively. Among the tested CPA concentrations, 7 M showed the highest post-vitrification viability (69 ± 1.9%). Additionally, 0.25 mL straw cryodevice achieved significantly better post-thaw viability (67 ± 2.7%) compared to 0.5 mL straws (32 ± 2.1%) and cryovials (10 ± 1.1%). Regarding sperm-binding capacity post-thaw, aggregates treated with 5 M (69 sperm) and 7 M (74) CPAs showed the highest binding rates, with no significant difference between these concentrations. Further studies are required to optimize vitrification protocols to enhance the aggregate's post-vitrification viability and structural integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1561144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human immuno-therapeutics for cancer treatment of dogs?","authors":"Hans Klingemann","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1593333","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1593333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunotherapy for humans has enjoyed a recent boost of treatment options that, however, has not translated into the veterinary field. Developments like monoclonal antibodies against immune checkpoint inhibitors and tumor-specific CAR-T cells have broadened treatment options for human cancer patients but the canine space has not benefited from those advancements. These novel treatments are expensive to develop for the canine market and are not necessarily promising a significant financial return for the pharmaceutical industry. Hence the question is whether there are immunotherapies that work for humans and that also have some cross-species (xenogeneic) activity in dogs, but at the same time have only minimal side effects and are affordably priced. Can such an approach be considered at all assuming that the disparity could result in an immediate rejection of the administered 'product' with all the potential side effects? Maybe this assumption is not necessarily founded on solid data and this brief review attempts to summarize of what is actually known on the treatment of canine cancers with human immuno-therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1593333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12264915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of major diseases in common marmosets (<i>Callithrix jacchus</i>) at the Central Institute for Medicine and Life Science: a retrospective study.","authors":"Takayuki Mineshige, Takashi Inoue, Terumi Yurimoto, Kenya Sato, Kenji Kawai, Erika Sasaki","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1548757","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1548757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Common marmosets (<i>Callithrix jacchus</i>) are increasingly being used in neuroscience and biomedical research due to their small size, and ease of handling. Despite their growing research importance, marmoset colonies face health management challenges. Marmoset wasting syndrome (MWS), marmoset duodenal dilatation syndrome (DDS), and <i>Clostridioides difficile</i>-associated disease (CDAD) are the leading causes of mortality in marmosets. We retrospectively analyzed the necropsy records of 192 marmosets based on clinical and pathological criteria at the Central Institute for Medicine and Life Science between 2017 and 2020 to determine the incidence of major diseases and associated treatment modalities. MWS is prevalent in older animals and is characterized by progressive weight loss, hypoalbuminemia, and chronic enteritis. DDS, identified in younger marmosets, is associated with gastrointestinal distress and requires a specialized liquid diet and supportive care. CDAD, which is often triggered by antibiotic administration, leads to sudden death in approximately 68% of cases. This study underscores the need for tailored veterinary care, including early diagnosis, nutritional management, and cautious antibiotic use, to improve marmoset health and reduce mortality rates. Further research on the pathogenesis of these diseases, including gut microbiota analysis, histopathological examination, and diagnostic imaging, is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1548757"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12264911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}