Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Biochemical impact of ALAEm supplementation in late gestation on the reproductive performance of sows.","authors":"Linlu Zhao, Jin Zhang, Jieyi He, Xingbin Ma, Zhichao Yu, Yanhong Yong, Youquan Li, Xianghong Ju, Xiaoxi Liu","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1548263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1548263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adding plant extracts to diets to enhance sow performance and health is widely regarded as a healthy and sustainable practice. In promoting antibiotic-free farming, plant extracts have emerged as a leading solution for enhancing sow fertility through nutritional strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical impacts of supplementation of sows with ALAEm (composed of nine plant extracts) on blood and placental indices of sows in late gestation. The components of ALAEm were determined by UPLC-MS/MS. 196 normal gestation parturient sows were randomly allocated into two groups (<i>n</i> = 98 per group): the control group and the test group fed 20 g/d ALAEm supplementation at 74-114 d of gestation. The study examined the various clinical indexes in the blood, the expression of genes and proteins and metabolomics in the placenta. Dietary ALAEm supplementation improved sow reproductive performance (total number of piglets born alive, number of piglets weaned, wean weight), serum biochemical indices, placental structure and increased gene and protein expression of ZO-1, Claudin-1 and other placental junction-associated factors. ALAEm attenuated placental tissue oxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis, promoted placental growth (EGF and IGF-1) and angiogenesis factors (VEGFA, PIGF and other factors), and increased the nutrient transport in placental (GLUT1 and SNAT2). Dietary ALAEm supplementation decreased the number of metabolites associated with lipid metabolism through alpha-linolenic acid metabolism. Therefore, dietary supplementation of ALAEm in the late gestation may improve fertility by reducing the levels of inflammation, oxidation and apoptosis in placental tissues via the EGFR/VEGFR2-PI3K-AKT1 pathway, promoting placental growth, angiogenesis and nutrient transport, and altering the levels of placental lipid metabolites via <i>α</i>-linolenic acid metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1548263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthopedic applications of 3D printing in canine veterinary medicine.","authors":"Claire Thomas, Pierre Amsellem, David Nascene, Yu-Hui Huang","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1582720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1582720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This case series investigates the application of 3D printing in veterinary orthopedic surgeries, emphasizing its potential to enhance preoperative planning, intraoperative precision, and postoperative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Three canines-German Shepherd, Basset Hound, and Labrador Retriever-were included in this study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three canine cases involving complex orthopedic deformities were selected to illustrate different uses of 3D printing in veterinary surgery. CT scans were segmented using Materialise Mimics 26.0, followed by virtual surgical planning and creation of 3D printed models and guides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Case 1, a 2-year-old German Shepherd with a congenital right tibial deformity underwent successful surgical correction aided by a preoperatively prepared external fixator frame, saving approximately 1 h of OR time. In Case 2, a 1-year-old Basset Hound with a left antebrachial deformity had a double wedge osteotomy performed with the assistance of patient-specific cutting and reconstruction guides, leading to optimal alignment and reduced surgical time. Case 3 involved a young, less than 1-year-old Labrador Retriever rescue with severe bilateral tibiofemoral deformity, where 3D printed models helped the surgeon determine that surgery was not the best option, potentially preventing a poor outcome.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This case series highlights the transformative potential of 3D printing in veterinary orthopedic surgery, illustrating its ability to improve aid surgical outcomes, reduce operative times, and be a valuable tool in preoperative decision-making. This technology allows for tailored surgical interventions, enhancing the precision and effectiveness of treatment plans in veterinary medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1582720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Rodent-borne diseases: \"One Health\" perspectives.","authors":"Veasna Duong, Serge Morand, Philippe Buchy","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1602402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1602402","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1602402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Advanced veterinary topics in elasmobranchs.","authors":"Natalie D Mylniczenko","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1600135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1600135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1600135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipidomics and biochemical profiling of adult Yili horses in a 26 km endurance race: exploring metabolic adaptations.","authors":"Xiaokang Chang, Zihan Zhang, Xinkui Yao, Jun Meng, Wanlu Ren, Yaqi Zeng","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1597739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1597739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The equine lipid metabolism is activated during and after endurance exercise to provide energy in response to the metabolic and physiological changes in the body caused by prolonged exercise; however, the specific regulatory mechanisms remain controversial and identifying differential lipid metabolites associated with equine endurance is essential to elucidate these regulatory mechanisms. In this study, blood samples for lipid metabolomic analysis and biochemical indices were collected before and after a 26 km race from 12 Yili horses with different endurance performance. The biochemical results showed that: the albumin (ALB) level was significantly higher in the general group than in the excellent group before the competition, but significantly lower in the ordinary group after the competition (<i>p</i> < 0.05); the pre-competition alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the excellent group was significantly higher than that of the general group (<i>p</i> < 0.05); and the urea nitrogen (BUN) in the general group was significantly higher than that of the excellent group after the competition (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The lipid metabolism results showed that a total of 1,537 lipid differential metabolites were obtained, mainly enriched in the pathways of fatty acid biosynthesis, cortisol synthesis and secretion, bile secretion, aldosterone regulation of sodium reabsorption, biotin metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions. Metabolomics and biochemical correlation analyses screened PC (18:3/18:4) and PI (18:1/18:2) as potential biomarkers to identify endurance performance in Yili horses. The results of this study provide a solid foundation for improving equine racing performance and for the selection and breeding of endurance horses by providing a comprehensive reference on the mechanisms of lipid metabolism in equine endurance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1597739"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the diversity, genomic features, host bacteria, and distribution of crAss-like phages in the pig gut microbiome.","authors":"Yaxiang Wang, Chao Wei, Zhe Chen, Mengqing Zhou, Lusheng Huang, Congying Chen","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1582122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1582122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phages play an important role in shaping the gut microbiome. CrAss-like phages, which are key members of the gut virome, show high abundance in the human gut and have attracted increasing interest. However, few studies have been found in pigs, and the distribution of crAss-like phages across broader pig populations remains unknown. Here, we obtained 1,251 pig crAss-like phage genomes from 403 metagenomes publicly available and a pig gut virome dataset constructed by ourselves. These crAss-like phage genomes were further clustered into 533 virus operational taxonomic units (vOTUs). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that crAss-like phages in pig guts were distributed across four well-known family-level clusters (Alpha, Beta, Zeta, and Delta) but were absent in the Gamma and Epsilon clusters. Genomic structure analysis identified 149 pig crAss-like phage vOTUs that utilize alternative genetic codes. Gene blocks encoding replication and assembly proteins varied across crAss-like phage clusters. Approximately 64.73% of crAss-like phage genes lacked functional annotations, highlighting a gap in understanding their functional potential. Numerous anti-CRISPR protein genes were identified in crAss-like phage genomes, and CAZymes encoded by these phages were primarily lysozymes. Host prediction indicated that bacterial hosts of pig crAss-like phages primarily belonged to <i>Prevotella</i>, <i>Parabacteroides</i>, and <i>UBA4372</i>. We observed that interactions between crAss-like phages and <i>Prevotella copri</i> might have a possible effect on fat deposition in pigs. Finally, all detected vOTUs exhibited low prevalence across pig populations, suggesting heterogeneity in crAss-like phage compositions. This study provides key resources and novel insights for investigating crAss-like phage-bacteria interactions and benefits research on the effects of crAss-like phages on pig health and production traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1582122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Newcastle disease virus expressing clade 2.3.4.4b H5 hemagglutinin confers protection against lethal H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza in BALB/c mice.","authors":"Deok-Hwan Kim, Seung-Hun Lee, Jiwon Kim, Jiho Lee, Ji-Hun Lee, Jei-Hyun Jeong, Ji-Yun Kim, Yang-Kyu Choi, Sungsu Youk, Chang-Seon Song","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1535274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1535274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The widespread H5 clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) poses a significant threat to both domestic and wild mammals because of its rapid genetic evolution, cross-species transmissibility, and host-range expansion. The increasing number of cases in mammalian species highlights the need for proactive measures driven by the One Health approach. In this study, we explored the potential use of previously developed a Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-vectored vaccine expressing clade 2.3.4.4b H5 hemagglutinin (rK148/22-H5) in a preclinical BALB/c mouse model. Two doses of intramuscular vaccination with viable (10⁷ EID₅₀/0.1 mL) or inactivated (10⁷ EID₅₀/0.1 mL) rK148/22-H5 provided protection against lethal H5N1 HPAI. A greater than 100-fold reduction in lung viral load was observed in the rK148/22-H5 vaccinated group compared to the control group. Consistently, co-housed contact mice in the vaccine group survived without evidence of infection, whereas those in the control group became infected and succumbed to the disease. The rK148/22-H5 vaccine demonstrated potential as a HPAI vaccine candidate for mammals, warranting further steps to advance this candidate vaccine into clinical trials in domestic and captive mammalian species.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1535274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological, phenotypical and molecular characterization of canine lymphomas with dual T- and B-cell markers expression.","authors":"Giorgia Mezzalira, Valeria Martini, Francesca Abramo, Selina Iussich, Margherita Orlandi, Luca Pazzini, Barbara Banco, Anna Maria Rambaldi, Alessandro Bisognoso, Filippo Arena, Giulio Cocciolo, Michele Marino, Maria Massaro, Luca Aresu","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1578425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1578425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent investigations have identified rare, phenotypically complex lymphoma variants, including cases exhibiting concurrent expression of T- and B-cell markers. These atypical presentations suggest perturbations in lymphoid differentiation programs or clonal evolution, necessitating more sophisticated diagnostic approaches. The concurrent expression of CD3 and CD20 in canine lymphomas represents a particularly compelling phenomenon documented across various anatomical sites. Molecular diagnostics, particularly PCR for Antigen Receptor Rearrangements (PARR), have provided crucial insights into these phenotypically complex cases, revealing concurrent clonal rearrangements of both TCRγ and IgH in selected cases, further challenging traditional classification paradigms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we report 33 cases of canine double-positive lymphoma, retrieved with a retrospective analysis of the MyLAV Diagnostic Laboratory electronic database. Specifically, we report results of an integrated approach combining WHO-based morphological classification, comprehensive immunohistochemical immunophenotyping with T-cell (CD3 and CD5) and B-cell markers (CD20 and PAX5), and PARR analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The skin, oral/nasal mucosa and mucocutaneous junction were the most commonly affected sites, accounting for 24 cases (72.7%). All cases stained positive for CD3 and CD20 (100%), 32 (97%) for CD5, and only 12 (36.4%) for PAX5. Aberrant cytoplasmic localization of CD20 was found in 29 (87.9%) cases. Molecular analysis revealed rearrangement signals of TCR gene in 23 of 33 cases (69.7%) and of CBmajor or CBminor gene in 9 (27.3%).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings emphasize that while immunohistochemistry remains a fundamental diagnostic tool, it may be insufficient in isolation for definitive lineage determination in these cases. PARR analysis emerges as an essential complementary technique for distinguishing between aberrant marker expression and true biphenotypic differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1578425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and genetic variation analysis of emerging porcine circovirus type 2 in Henan Province, 2023.","authors":"Chaoliang Leng, Jiajing Song, Jiabao Wang, Hongyue Zhai, Camilo Ayra-Pardo, Jiajia Cao, Junjie Li, Yingying Zhao, Hongfei Shi, Dandan Li, Yunchao Kan, Lunguang Yao, Zhijun Tian","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1598383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1598383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a highly adaptable pathogen with significant implications for global swine health. In 2023, we investigated the prevalence and genetic variation of PCV2 in Henan Province, China, by analyzing blood and tissue samples from 380 pigs exhibiting clinical symptoms of PCV2 infection, including reproductive disorders and respiratory diseases. PCR analysis was used to detect PCV2, and viral sequences from 13 positive samples were characterized through phylogenetic and mutational analyses. PCV2 was detected in 56.58% (215/380) of samples. Nucleotide homology among newly identified PCV2 strains ranged from 95.14 to 100%, and 91.18-99.89% compared to 36 global reference strains. Phylogenetic analysis of the ORF2 gene encoding the viral capsid protein Cap identified PCV2a, PCV2b, and PCV2d subtypes, with most sequences clustering into three PCV2d subgroups (PCV2d-1, PCV2d-2, and PCV2d-3). Notably, the PCV2a strain HN230707 exhibited significant genetic divergence, forming an independent branch. Mutational analysis of the Cap protein revealed key amino acid substitutions in conformational epitope regions (T60S, R63T, N77D, V80L, L185M, A191K, and I200T), potentially contributing to immune evasion. Additionally, unique mutations in the nuclear localization signal and conformational epitope regions were identified in PCV2d subgroups. The emergence of genetically diverse PCV2 strains, particularly novel PCV2d sub-genotypes, raises concerns regarding their potential to evade vaccine-induced immunity. These findings highlight the importance of continuous molecular surveillance and the need for updated vaccine strategies to mitigate the impact of PCV2 on global swine health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1598383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143979129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a multiplex qPCR assay for the detection of pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease complex.","authors":"Linghao Li, Qifeng Jiang, Siying Li, Xin Li, Shenghe Sun, Xiyi Wang, Chuangqi Sun, Kun Jia, Shoujun Li","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1594488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1594488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The bovine respiratory disease complex poses a significant threat to the cattle industry, necessitating a multifaceted approach to address its occurrence. The syndrome is caused by various pathogens such as bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine adenovirus type 3 (BAV3), <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> (Mb), and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV). The confluence of these pathogens causes substantial economic losses to the cattle industry. Although preventive and control measures have been implemented, containment of bovine respiratory diseases continues to present a formidable challenge, highlighting the need for innovative diagnostic and intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we designed specific primers targeting six conserved pathogen genes (<i>N</i> of BRSV, <i>M</i> of BPIV3, <i>5'UTR</i> of BVDV, <i>Hexon</i> of BAV3, <i>oppF</i> of Mb, and <i>gB</i> of IBRV). Subsequently, we established a multiplexed fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for simultaneous detection of these pathogens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The developed method exhibited high specificity and sensitivity, with the lowest detection limits for plasmid DNA standards of BRSV, BPIV3, BVDV, BAV3, Mb, and IBRV being 70.1, 40.4, 15.1, 74.4, 69.6, and 4.99 copies/μL, respectively. The coefficients of variation determined by the assay established in this study were <4%, and the amplification efficiency was 93.84%-111.60%, which showed the reliability and stability of the method.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The detection rates for BRSV, BPIV3, BVDV, BAV3, Mb, and IBRV were 7.59% (17/224), 11.61% (26/224), 8.04% (18/224), 22.32% (50/224), 27.23% (61/224), and 8.04% (18/224), respectively. All 224 cows were cases of natural disease. Fifty-six diseased cattle were infected with a mixture of two or more of the six pathogens at a mixed infection rate of 25% (56/224). Therefore, this study successfully developed a highly efficient, rapid, specific, and sensitive multiplex qPCR method to detect major pathogens associated with bovine respiratory diseases. This advancement is expected to significantly influence the future of the cattle industry and serve as a valuable reference for subsequent research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1594488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}