Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Seroepidemiological study of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in equines in Northern Egypt.","authors":"Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy, Marwa F Hassan, David Cano-Terriza, Nada Oudah Albalawi, Tomás Fajardo, Asmaa Aboelabbas Gouda, Ayman Atiba, Ahmed Hendawy, Isabelle Villena, Ashraf Mohamed Barakat, Hind Alzaylaee, Sonia Almería, Ignacio García-Bocanegra","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1561145","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1561145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Toxoplasmosis, caused by the intracellular protozoan <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii</i>), continues to be a widespread parasitic zoonotic disease globally. The seroepidemiology of <i>T. gondii</i> infection in Egyptian equids, particularly donkeys, remains insufficiently explored. The present study was designed to assess the seroprevalence of <i>T. gondii</i> in equines from Northern Egypt.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 360 serum samples from two equine species (157 horses and 203 donkeys) were obtained during 2023. The Modified Agglutination Test (MAT, cut-off of 1:25) was used to screen for the anti-<i>T. gondii</i> antibodies. The study also analyzed potential risk factors that could contribute to the exposure of the animals to the parasite, including species, breed, sex, age, and the specific location of each animal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall seroprevalence of <i>T. gondii</i> among examined equines was 41.11% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 36.03-46.19). The relationships between seropositivity and explanatory variables were analyzed using a Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) approach. The seroprevalence of <i>T. gondii</i> was significantly higher in donkeys (51.23%) than in horses (28.03%; <i>p</i> < 0.001; odds ratio [OR] = 2.99; 95% CI: 2.35-3.81).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, our findings revealed a high <i>T. gondii</i> exposure among equine species in Northern Egypt, with a notably higher seroprevalence in donkeys compared to horses. This study represents one of the most extensive serosurveys of <i>T. gondii</i> in equids conducted in Egypt, featuring the largest sample size of donkeys examined to date. It also examined previously unexplored risk factors related to parasite exposure in equids. The present findings highlight the critical importance of performing periodical surveillance, monitoring, and management of the parasite among equids, which might have a major impact on animal and public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1561145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher biosecurity level was associated with reduced risk of Danish dairy cattle farms becoming test-positive for <i>Salmonella</i> Dublin in a nested case-control study.","authors":"Lars Pedersen, Hans Houe, Erik Rattenborg, Liza Rosenbaum Nielsen","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1566380","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1566380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Salmonella</i> Dublin (<i>S</i>. Dublin) is a cattle-adapted bacterium with enzootic occurrence in cattle populations of many countries. Preventing the spread of <i>S.</i> Dublin between cattle farms requires an understanding of the local pathways for the direct and indirect transmission of bacteria. Identifying key risk factors is complicated due to the numerous pathways through which the bacteria can be introduced and established on dairy cattle farms. This study aimed to provide new knowledge about the effect of biosecurity in dairy farms in <i>S.</i> Dublin-enzootic areas of Denmark. The association between the researcher-assessed biosecurity level and the risk of introducing and establishing <i>S.</i> Dublin in farms was investigated by following a monthly recalculated cohort of dairy farms with no test-positive <i>S.</i> Dublin surveillance results over the previous 2 years. There were 37 new test-positive farms matched by herd size with 74 control farms that remained test negative in the mandatory <i>S.</i> Dublin surveillance programme. A published Biosecurity Assessment Framework for <i>S.</i> Dublin (BAF-SD) was used to systematically and semi-quantitatively assess the on-farm biosecurity practices across 12 farm sections. Each section was scored on a scale from 0 (total lack of biosecurity measures) to 100 (excellent biosecurity) based on observations and interviews. Lower biosecurity scores in the sections\" entrance area,\" \"pick-up-delivery of calves,\" \"calves < 130 days,\" \"cattle > 130 days,\" and \"storage of feed and feeding\" were associated with becoming test-positive for <i>S</i>. Dublin at a 90% confidence interval (CI) level in univariable logistic analyses. In the multivariable analysis, a higher weighted biosecurity score across all sections was found to be associated with (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with lower odds of becoming test-positive for <i>S.</i> Dublin (odds ratio [OR] = 0.64 per 10-unit increase in biosecurity level). None of the study farms had very good (score 80 to <90) or excellent biosecurity (score of 90 or above), highlighting the opportunities for biosecurity improvements on-farm. In conclusion, the current biosecurity levels in Danish farms appear insufficient to resist the infection pressure of <i>S.</i> Dublin from the farm surroundings. Hence, biosecurity practices need to be improved, and/or the infection pressure needs to be reduced, to lower the number of new test-positive dairy cattle farms in Denmark.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1566380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12127428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semiquantitative acid-base analysis in hypokalemic dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia.","authors":"Helen S Philp, Steven E Epstein, Kate Hopper","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1563031","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1563031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe and compare the traditional and semiquantitative acid-base status of dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) and hypokalemia to those with normokalemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of dogs with IMHA from a single institution over a 10-year period from January 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Dogs were included if they met diagnostic criteria for IMHA based on the 2019 ACVIM consensus guidelines and had at least 1 blood potassium concentration measurement performed within 24 h of initial presentation. The dogs were divided into normokalemic and hypokalemic groups. Hypokalemia was categorized as mild (3-3.5 mEq/L [3-3.5 mmmol/L]), moderate (2-2.9 mEq/L [2-2.9 mmol/L]), or severe (<2 mEq/L [<2 mmol/L]). Population data, clinicopathologic data, and outcome were collected and recorded. Traditional and semiquantitative acid-base diagnoses were attributed to patients with sufficient data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>305 client-owned dogs with IMHA met the inclusion criteria. 186 dogs (61.0%) were normokalemic and 119 (39.0%) were hypokalemic (blood potassium concentration ≤ 3.5 mEq/L [≤ 3.5 mmol/L]) on presentation. The median blood potassium concentration in the hypokalemic group was 3.2 mEq/L (3.2 mmol/L) (interquartile range: 2.8-3.4 mEq/L [2.8-3.4 mmol/L]). Hypokalemia was mild in 78/119 (65.5%) dogs, moderate in 40/119 (33.6%) and severe in 1/119 (0.84%) cases. Metabolic acidosis was the most common traditional acid-base disorder identified in both normokalemic (26/82, 31.7%) and hypokalemic (44/92, 47.8%) dogs but the proportion was significantly higher in the hypokalemic group (<i>p</i> = 0.03). The semiquantitative approach identified acid-base abnormalities in 82/83 (98.8%) hypokalemic dogs. The most common abnormalities among the hypokalemic group were an unmeasured ion effect (74/83, 89.2%) and an alkalotic albumin effect (69/83, 83.1%). In the normokalemic group, the semiquantitative approach identified acid-base abnormalities in 62/63 (98.4%) dogs with unmeasured ions (55/63, 87.3%) and an alkalotic albumin effect (42/63, 66.7%) being the most common. Survival to discharge was significantly lower in the hypokalemic dogs (85/119, 71.4%) compared to the normokalemic population (163/186, 87.6%) (<i>p</i> = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypokalemia is common in dogs with IMHA within the first 24 h of presentation and is associated with a variety of acid-base abnormalities. Hypokalemic dogs with IMHA appear more likely to develop metabolic acidosis and less likely to survive to hospital discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1563031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sperm cellular and nuclear dynamics associated with ram fertility.","authors":"Mustafa Bodu, Mustafa Hitit, Ayse Sari, Mesut Kirbas, Bulent Bulbul, Mehmet Bozkurt Ataman, Mustafa Numan Bucak, John Parrish, Abdullah Kaya, Erdogan Memili","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1577004","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1577004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study is to analyze DNA integrity, shape morphology, and membrane integrity in sperm from low-fertility (LF) and adequate- or normal-fertility (AF) rams. Various sperm evaluation methods such as sperm chromatin dispersion assay, Fourier harmonic amplitude (FHA) analysis, and other image analysis of morphometric parameters were used. An additional aim is to employ new statistical models with high reliability to predict ram fertility based on sperm head morphology parameters. Fresh semen was collected from 41 AF (conception rate 95.1% ± 0.6%) and 27 LF (conception rate 79.7% ± 2.5%) rams using artificial vagina. Differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were observed in percent motile sperm (mean ± SEM, 64% ± 3%, 72% ± 2%), percent viable sperm (78 ± 2%, 84 ± 1%), and head and acrosome abnormalities (1.9% ± 0.4%, 3.4% ± 0.4%) between LF and AF rams. The findings of different analyses also showed that the fertility of rams is not associated with DNA fragmentation (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Using the FHA analysis, an average head shape of ram sperm was constructed and harmonic amplitude 2 was determined, which tended to differ between the two ram fertility groups (<i>p</i> = 0.059). Based on the FHA and morphometric analysis, a significant linear discriminant model was constructed (<i>p</i> = 0.0013), which allowed for specificity in identifying LF rams (6/9, 66.7%) and sensitivity in identifying AF rams (39/47, 83.0%). The overall error rate remained good, which was 11/56 (20%). The findings of this study suggest that sperm DNA damage might not be used to predict ram fertility and that the statistical model based on the FHA analysis can be a potential tool in predicting ram fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1577004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cardioprotective effect of whey protein against thioacetamide-induced toxicity through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects in male albino rats.","authors":"Zakiah Nasser Almohawes, Hanan A Okail, Wafa A Al-Megrin, Manal F El-Khadragy, Mona A Ibrahim, Ayah S Fathalla, Doaa Soliman, Sherif R Mohamed","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1590722","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1590722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Thioacetamide (TAA) is widely used as an experimental drug in liver disease studies and has been shown to exert toxicity across multiple organs. It has been linked to oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and epigenetic modifications. Whey protein (WP) provides an abundant supply of essential and non-essential amino acids that are vital for the human body. It is highly valued for its nutritional and biological properties, benefiting the immune, digestive, cardiovascular, neurological, and endocrine systems. This research sought to evaluate the possible protective effects of WP against TAA-induced cardiotoxicity in rats, emphasizing its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of forty male rats were randomly divided into four groups, with each group containing ten rats: the control group, the TAA-treated group (100 mg/kg body weight), the WP-treated group (300 mg/kg body weight), and the WP + TAA group. The treatments were administered for three consecutive weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that TAA exposure significantly reduced cardiac tissue activities of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase while markedly increasing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide activities. Additionally, TAA administration led to a significant elevation in inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-1β) and apoptotic markers (Bax and Bcl-2), along with increased caspase-3 gene expression in heart tissue. Serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase were also notably higher in the TAA-intoxicated group, accompanied by significant histopathological alterations, increased collagen fiber deposition, and a pronounced immunopositive reaction for TGF-β1 and NF-κB in heart tissue. However, pre-treatment with WP significantly alleviated TAA-induced cardiotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptotic markers in cardiac tissue.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The results indicate that WP supplementation offers protective effects and mitigates the cardiotoxicity triggered by TAA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1590722"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12127417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stromal vascular fraction in canine osteoarthritis: advantages, applications, and insights for veterinary practitioners.","authors":"Aline Yen Ling Wang, Ana Elena Aviña, Yen-Yu Liu, Huang-Kai Kao","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1586629","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1586629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine osteoarthritis (OA) stands as a prevalent and excruciating joint condition that represents a promising application of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) treatment. In this review, we discuss the multi-factorial advantage of SVF cited as anti-inflammatory, regenerative, and angiogenic, all of which improve the complex pathology of OA. The heterogeneous cellular structure of SVF allows it to achieve joint improvement through both cell-based tissue restoration and signaling functions that benefit joint health. Veterinary practitioners need to consider essential aspects for clinical practice including patient selection criteria together with specific dosage recommendations along with additional therapies like platelet-rich plasma. Existing clinical data shows that SVF reduces pain while helping restore joint functions while practitioners face challenges when standardizing protocols and evaluating long-term safety aspects. Future research initiatives aim to translate advanced technologies including bioactive scaffolds, gene editing, and artificial intelligence which show promise for enhancing therapeutic results. This review integrates existing information about SVF while enlightening veterinarians about the gap areas to assist them make informed decisions when implementing SVF in practice. SVF represents a huge step forward in veterinary regenerative medicine because it enables better management of OA as well as other orthopedic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1586629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12122444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal changes in ruminal microbiota composition and diversity in dairy cows supplemented with a <i>lactobacilli</i>-based DFM.","authors":"Bronwyn E Campbell, Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan, Robert J Moore, Timothy Olchowy, Martin Soust, Rafat Al Jassim, John I Alawneh","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1584959","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1584959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of lactobacilli-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) supplementation on the composition and diversity of the ruminal microbiota in dairy cows. Understanding how DFM influences microbial populations can inform strategies to enhance animal health and productivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Over a 16-month period (September 2021 to January 2023), ruminal fluid samples were collected from fifty dairy cows assigned to either a DFM-supplemented group (DFM; <i>n</i> = 25) or an unsupplemented control group (CON; <i>n</i> = 25). Microbial DNA was extracted and subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing. Microbial diversity was assessed using alpha- and beta-diversity metrics (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was employed to identify differentially abundant taxa. Multivariable analyses were used to explore associations with age, average milk production, days in milk (DIM), time, and supplementation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dominant bacterial phyla identified were Bacillota and Bacteroidota, while Methanobacteriaceae was the predominant archaeal family. The DFM group showed significantly higher abundance of genera such as <i>Eubacterium_Q</i>, <i>Atopobium</i> sp. <i>UBA7741</i>, and <i>Sharpea</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conversely, <i>Bacillus_P_294101</i> and <i>SFMI01</i> were more abundant in the CON group. Temporal changes in microbial composition were observed, with significant differences in community diversity and structure between groups over time.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that lactobacilli-based DFM supplementation can significantly alter the ruminal microbial ecosystem in dairy cows. The observed microbial shifts, including increases in beneficial bacterial taxa, highlight the potential of DFM as a nutritional strategy to modulate rumen function and improve dairy cow performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1584959"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12123876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C1QBP promotes apoptosis of goat fetal turbinate cells via inhibiting the expression of TRIM5 or TNFSF10.","authors":"Qiuyun Li, Zhengding Tang, Hua Xiang, Yixin Dan, Yupeng Ren, Huanrong Zhang, Falong Yang, Jiangjiang Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1524734","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1524734","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Infectious ecthyma is a severe and highly contagious disease caused by ORF virus (ORFV). The virus is responsible for significant economic losses in the goat industry and threatens humans. Regarding complement component 1, q subcomponent binding protein (C1QBP), we previously showed that C1QBP can interact with ORFV129. However, the role of C1QBP in regulating the apoptosis of goat fetal turbinate cells is unknown.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;After pcDNA3.1-&lt;i&gt;C&lt;/i&gt;1&lt;i&gt;QBP&lt;/i&gt; and siRNA were transfected into goat fetal turbinate cells (GFTCs), the expression of C1QBP was detected by western blot and cell cycle and apoptosis using flow cytometry. The expression of cycle-related genes &lt;i&gt;cyclin-dependent protein kinase&lt;/i&gt; 2 (&lt;i&gt;CDK&lt;/i&gt;2) and &lt;i&gt;cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors&lt;/i&gt; 1&lt;i&gt;A&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;21) and apoptosis-related genes &lt;i&gt;cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase&lt;/i&gt; 3 (&lt;i&gt;Caspase&lt;/i&gt; 3), &lt;i&gt;cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase&lt;/i&gt; 7 (Caspase 7), &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;53, &lt;i&gt;poly&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;ADP-ribose&lt;/i&gt;) &lt;i&gt;polymerase&lt;/i&gt; 1 (&lt;i&gt;PARP&lt;/i&gt;1), &lt;i&gt;B-Cell lymphoma&lt;/i&gt;-2 &lt;i&gt;Like&lt;/i&gt;-11 (&lt;i&gt;BCL&lt;/i&gt;2&lt;i&gt;L&lt;/i&gt;11), &lt;i&gt;B-cell lymphoma&lt;/i&gt; 2 &lt;i&gt;associated X protein&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;Bax&lt;/i&gt;), and &lt;i&gt;B-cell lymphoma&lt;/i&gt; 2 (&lt;i&gt;Bcl&lt;/i&gt;-2) were tested by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The effect of MTT on the proliferation of GFTCs was detected. The localization of C1QBP in GFTCs was detected by inverted fluorescence microscope. Finally, transcriptome sequencing was performed and validated by siRNA treatment knockdown of C1QBP, and screening two genes tripartite motif containing 5 (&lt;i&gt;TRIM&lt;/i&gt;5) and tumor necrosis factor superfamilymember10 (&lt;i&gt;TNFSF&lt;/i&gt;10) with significant changes in expression levels and relevance to cell apoptosis, and to verify their roles in C1QBP-induced cell apoptosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Knockdown of C1QBP significantly increased cell viability; cells remained in the G0/G1 phase and reduced apoptosis. Knockdown of C1QBP reduced the mRNA expression of &lt;i&gt;CDK&lt;/i&gt;2, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;21, &lt;i&gt;Caspase&lt;/i&gt;3, &lt;i&gt;Caspase&lt;/i&gt;7, &lt;i&gt;Bax, PARP&lt;/i&gt;1, &lt;i&gt;BCL&lt;/i&gt;2&lt;i&gt;L&lt;/i&gt;11, and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;53, up regulated the mRNA expression of the &lt;i&gt;Bcl&lt;/i&gt;-2. Except for &lt;i&gt;Bcl&lt;/i&gt;-2, The opposite effect was observed when C1QBP was overexpressed in GFTCs and the mRNA levels of &lt;i&gt;Bcl&lt;/i&gt;-2 had no significant effect. Immunostaining revealed intracellular localization of C1QBP, primarily in the cytoplasm of the GFTCs. Furthermore, gene expression profiling analysis in C1QBP depleted cells compared to the control revealed that a total of 236 differential expression genes (DEGs), including 119 up regulated DEGs and 117 down regulated DEGs, and the expression of &lt;i&gt;TRIM&lt;/i&gt;5 and &lt;i&gt;TNFSF&lt;/i&gt;10 genes were significantly upregulated. Pathway analysis were predicted to be enriched in Herpes simplex virus 1 infection, Pathways in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Apoptosis, Apoptosis-multiple species and p53 signaling pathway. C1QBP reduced the e","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1524734"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12122759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionized calcium and ionized magnesium disturbances in dogs and cats with septic peritonitis.","authors":"Chiara Debie, Laure Giberto, Stéphanie Noel, Dominique Paepe, Kris Gommeren","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1550701","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1550701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypocalcemia and magnesium disturbances are linked to vasoplegia, cardiac arrhythmias, gastrointestinal ileus, and coagulopathies. In human critical care patients, these imbalances are associated with higher mortality and longer hospital stay. Little is known about such associations in companion animals. Our study assessed the prevalence of ionized calcium (iCa) and ionized magnesium (iMg) disturbances in dogs and cats with septic peritonitis at presentation, and their association with administration of antiarrhythmics, vasopressors, prokinetics, and plasma, hospitalization duration and mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of patients with septic peritonitis from January 2018 to December 2023 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were confirmed septic peritonitis and blood gas analysis with ionized calcium and magnesium values at admission. Data collected included signalment, diagnosis and cause, calcium and magnesium levels, administration of vasopressors, antiarrhythmics, prokinetics, and plasma, length of hospitalization, and survival. Comparisons were made using Chi-square, Fisher exact test, and ANOVA. Correlations were assessed with the Spearman coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-one dogs and 17 cats were included. Hypocalcemia (iCa < 1.25 mmol/L in dogs; <1.10 mmol/L in cats) was diagnosed in 51.7% of dogs and 23.5% of cats. Hypomagnesemia (iMg < 0.43 mmol/L in dogs; <0.47 mmol/L in cats) was found in 13.5% of dogs and 0% of cats, and hypermagnesemia (iMg > 0.6 mmol/L in dogs; >0.7 mmol/L in cats) in 15.4% of dogs and 60% of cats. Hypocalcemia and hypermagnesemia were significantly more common in dogs and cats, respectively. Ionized hypocalcemia was associated with plasma administration in dogs (<i>p</i> = 0.038). No significant correlation was found between iCa and iMg disturbances and length of hospitalization in dogs (respectively <i>p</i> = 0.62 and <i>p</i> = 0.62) or cats (respectively <i>p</i> = 0.62 and <i>p</i> = 0.27). The survival rate was 50%, with no association between iCa and iMg derangements and survival in dogs (<i>p</i> = 0.30 and <i>p</i> = 0.38 respectively), nor in cats (<i>p</i> = 0.29 and <i>p</i> = 0.29 respectively). A significant difference was observed in the mean iMg values between survivors (0.49 ± 0.09 mmol/L) and non-survivors (0.55 ± 0.11 mmol/L) in dogs (<i>p</i> = 0.042).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In this population with septic peritonitis, about half of the dogs and a quarter of the cats had ionized hypocalcemia. Hypo- and hypermagnesemia were rare in dogs, while hypermagnesemia was common in cats and hypomagnesemia was not seen in cats. Dogs and cats with hypocalcemia were more likely to receive plasma. Mean iMg values were lower in survived dogs than dogs that did not survive.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1550701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12123877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Hypodipsic hypernatremia secondary to hydrocephalus in a dog.","authors":"Maddisen W Antes, Amelia C Corona, Helena Rylander","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1579965","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1579965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 6-year-old male castrated golden retriever was presented for inappetence, lethargy, and progressive obtundation. A chemistry panel showed hypernatremia (>190 mmol/L) and hyperchloremia (157 mmol/L). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed severe congenital hydrocephalus with compression of major brain structures, including marked thinning of gray and white matter of the prosencephalon. Results of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis were within the reference range. A hypodipsic hypernatremia was suspected secondary to dysregulation of the osmoreceptors controlling the thirst center due to progression of hydrocephalus. The dog was treated with intravenous (IV) fluids to slowly reduce the hypernatremia over several days. Mental status improved with normalization of the blood sodium level. Increased stress due to a long car ride and a change in routine may have been the catalyst for the hypodipsia. Hypodipsic hypernatremia is a rare complication of hydrocephalus and should be on the differential list when a sudden change in mentation occurs in dogs with hydrocephalus.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1579965"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12122425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}