Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Protective efficacy of inactivated FHV-1 vaccine in cats following challenge with the Chinese field strains.","authors":"Yujie Jiang, Zhiying Lai, Lingling Dai, Yuan Deng, Lintao Zhong, Shoujun Li, Gang Lu","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1571409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1571409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) is a leading cause of feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR), which mainly presents upper respiratory tract symptoms. Vaccination is the most effective strategy for controlling FHV-1. Prior to the initiation of this study, China does not have domestically produced commercially available FHV-1 vaccines using field strain as antigenic component and most corresponding imported vaccines contained feline viral rhinotracheitis, calicivirus, and panleukopenia (FVRCP) antigens. However, the protective efficacy of these vaccines against the prevalent FHV-1 strains in China remains unclear. In the present study, a total of 12 cats were randomly divided into 3 groups, which were vaccinated with FHV-1 field vaccine (Group 1 [an inactivated vaccine developed by ourselves using the Chinese field strain FHV-1 2020GD02]) and FVRCP vaccine (Group 2) and PBS (Group 3) as control, respectively. These animals received two vaccinations with a 21-day interval and were challenged with 2020GD02 at 21 days after the second vaccination. Clinical signs, serological responses, viral shedding, and histopathological changes were used to estimate protective efficacy of the two vaccines. Compared to Group 2, animals in Group 1 produced higher level FHV-1 antibody titers during immune processes. After challenge, Group 3 developed typical FVR. In contrast, animals in both Groups 1 and 2 showed significantly fewer clinical signs, viral shedding, and pathological changes, but could not provide complete protection. Our results provided a reference for further FHV-1 vaccines development in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1571409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging-based observation of the pes region in the dromedary camel (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>): computed tomography, 3D volume rendering, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography.","authors":"Hazem Hamoda, Fahmy Gad Elsaid, Mamdouh Eldesoqui, Mai A Al-Mosaibih, Eman Fayad, Mohamed K Hussein, Mohamed A Hamed, Foad Farrag, Mohamed Abumandour, Mustafa Shukry, Mohamed Abdelmegeid, Abanoub T Yousef, Ahmed A Elolimy","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1558954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1558954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Our investigations utilized computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonography (US) to provide detailed anatomical information on the pes region of a one-humped camel, with a particular focus on 3D reconstruction volume-rendered CT (3DVR-CT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research utilized 16 pes regions from adult male <i>Camelus dromedaries</i> aged 8-10 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A CT scan revealed a vertical bony septum that completely divides the internal medullary cavity of the fused large metatarsal bones along the fusion line, except for the distal one-fifth portion, where the septum was absent. MRI identified the ligaments of the fetlock joint, which include the axial and abaxial collateral ligaments, collateral sesamoidean ligaments, and palmar ligaments. US demonstrated that the deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) had higher echogenicity than the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) at all imaging levels, with the SDFT paratendon appearing hyperechoic, which differentiated it from both the SDFT and the suspensory ligament. Our application of CT and MRI imaging techniques revealed that the <i>Manica flexoria</i> and distal sesamoid bone were not observed. On MRI, the sole appeared as a layer of low signal intensity, while the digital cushion exhibited heterogeneous high signal intensity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>the evaluation of anatomical regions in <i>Camelus</i> dromedaries can now be performed using CT, MRI, and US with 3DVR-CT, greatly improving the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions and facilitating the interpretation of some clinical diseases in the pes region. These imaging modalities, particularly 3DVR-CT, serve as valuable tools for veterinary clinicians and researchers studying camel anatomy and pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1558954"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of supplementation continuously in pullet and early lay period with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and yeast cell wall on the intestinal morphology, bone parameters, and egg quality of hens.","authors":"Hang Gao, Jinzhi Xiao, Qi Zhang, Hutianlin Man, Xingyi Tang, Zhouyuan Wang, Rendong Fang, Sha Jiang","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1584627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1584627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate effect of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (BS), yeast cell wall (YCW), and their combination on intestinal and bone development and egg production of young hens. A total of 160, one-day-old Hy-Line Sonia chicks were randomly allocated into 4 treatments of 8 replicate cages of 5 birds each. Treatments were arranged in a 2 (0 and 0.5 g/kg of BS) × 2 (0 and 2 g/kg of YCW) factorial arrangement for a duration of 170-d as follows: (1) regular diet (Control group); (2) the regular diet plus 0.5 g BS/kg (BS group); (3) the regular diet plus 2 g YCW/kg (YCW group); and (4) the regular diet plus 0.5 g BS/kg and 2 g YCW/kg (BS + YCW group). One bird from each of the 8 replicate cages per treatment were randomly taken for sampling at d 110 and 170, respectively. Results indicated that there were different effects of BS and YCW on bird organ development and innate immune. YCW supplementation increased thymus index and serum concentrations of IgM of hens (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, an interaction was observed between YCW diet and age on serum IL-6 concentrations (<i>p</i> < 0.05), mainly because YCW birds had the highest serum IL-6 concentration at d 110. Dietary supplementation with BS reduced the crypt depth in the duodenum and jejunum with an increased ratio of villus height to crypt depth (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. However, a YCW × age interaction on the jejunal villus height existed, mainly because non-YCW diet had the lowest jejunal villus height at d 170 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Both BS and YCW enhanced egg weight, eggshell thickness and yolk color (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while YCW improved albumen height and Haugh unit (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was no treatment effect on measured bone parameters except that YCW birds had lager tibial diameter (<i>p</i> < 0.05) at d 170. The results indicate that dietary BS and/or YCW improve the intestinal and bone development and immune status of young hens, which may contribute to the increased egg quality during the early sexual maturity stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1584627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of seabuckthorn pomace on rumen development, intramuscular fatty acids and antioxidant capacity in weaned lambs.","authors":"Xiaogao Diao, Xuanzi Zhang, Xiaoyan Hao, Chuntang Mu, Jianxin Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1560976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1560976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sea buckthorn pomace (SBP), a by-product derived from sea buckthorn fruit, is rich in nutrients and contains multiple pharmacologically active compounds. Consequently, SBP has the potential to serve as an alternative feed source for ruminants. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SBP supplementation on organ weight, rumen development, intramuscular fatty acid composition, and antioxidant capacity in weaned lambs. Forty weaned Duper × Small-tailed Han lambs were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. The experimental diets included 0% SBP (control), 8% SBP, 16% SBP, and 24% SBP, which were administered over an 80-day period. The results revealed that organ weight increased linearly with SBP supplementation, with the 16% SBP group demonstrating the highest weight gain (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Rumen and small intestine deposition exhibited a quadratic response, while omental fat accumulation was significantly greater in the SBP-supplemented groups compared to the control (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Additionally, rumen papilla length, width, and keratin layer thickness were positively influenced by SBP supplementation (<i>p</i> = 0.01). In rumen fluid, acetate, propionate, total volatile fatty acids, and acetate/propionate ratio showed a linear increase with SBP supplementation, whereas rumen pH displayed an inverse trend (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Marbling in longissimus dorsi improved in the SBP group along with enhanced meat quality parameters such as saturated fatty acid (TSFA), total monounsaturated fatty acid (TMUFA), and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (TPUFA), indicating that meat from lambs fed with 16% SBP was more tender and of better quality (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, SBP also increased the antioxidant capacity of muscle tissue (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The above results indicate that adding SBP at a level of 16% in weaned lambs' diets can enhance organ weight, promote ruminal development, improve meat quality, and provide antioxidant benefits. SBP can be included at up to 24% in weaned lambs' diets without negative effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1560976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroepidemiological trends of Influenza A virus detection through reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-rtPCR) in porcine samples in the United States over the last 20 years.","authors":"Daniel C A Moraes, Guilherme A Cezar, Edison S Magalhães, Rafael R Nicolino, Kinath Rupasinghe, Srijita Chandra, Gustavo S Silva, Marcelo N Almeida, Bret Crim, Eric R Burrough, Phillip C Gauger, Darin Madson, Joseph Thomas, Michael A Zeller, Rodger Main, Mary Thurn, Paulo Lages, Cezar A Corzo, Mattew Sturos, Hemant Naikare, Rob McGaughey, Franco Matias Ferreyra, Jamie Retallick, Jordan Gebhardt, Sara McReynolds, Jon Greseth, Darren Kersey, Travis Clement, Angela Pillatzki, Jane Christopher-Hennings, Beth S Thompson, Melanie Prarat, Dennis Summers, Craig Bowen, Joseph Boyle, Kenitra Hendrix, James Lyons, Kelli Werling, Andreia G Arruda, Mark Schwartz, Paul Yeske, Deborah Murray, Brigitte Mason, Peter Schneider, Samuel Copeland, Luc Dufresne, Daniel Boykin, Corrine Fruge, William Hollis, Rebecca C Robbins, Thomas Petznick, Kurt Kuecker, Lauren Glowzenski, Megan Niederwerder, Daniel C L Linhares, Giovani Trevisan","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1572237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1572237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza A virus (IAV) in swine is a major respiratory pathogen with global significance. This study aimed to characterize the macroepidemiological patterns of IAV detection using reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-rtPCR) assays, including subtype identification, in samples submitted between January 2004 and December 2024 to veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs) participating in the Swine Disease Reporting System (SDRS). A secondary objective was establishing an IAV monitoring capability to inform stakeholders of weekly changes in IAV detection patterns. Of the 372,659 samples submitted, 31% tested positive for IAV RNA via RT-rtPCR. The most frequent sample types were oral fluids (44.1%) and lung tissue (38.7%). Submissions from the wean-to-market category had a higher positivity rate (34.4%) than those from the adult/sow farm category (26.9%). IAV detection followed a seasonal pattern, with peaks in spring and fall and lower positivity rates in summer. Of the total of 118,490 samples tested for IAV subtyping using RT-rtPCR, the most frequently detected subtypes were H1N1 (33.1%), H3N2 (25.5%), H1N2 (24.3%), H3N1 (0.2%), mixed subtypes (5.4%), and partial subtype detection (11.5%). Mixed IAV subtypes were detected in individual samples-including lung tissue, nasal swabs, and bronchoalveolar lavage-indicating co-infection with two or more IAV strains. For IAV forecasting, a combined model using dynamic regression and a neural network outperformed individual models in 2023, achieving the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) and an improved overall skill score. This study highlights the importance of using laboratory submission data for IAV surveillance and macroepidemiological analysis. The findings provide valuable insights into IAV dynamics and highlight the need for standardized monitoring systems in VDLs to enhance understanding of IAV in swine populations across the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1572237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey on outcomes of emergency standing caesarean section in equids.","authors":"Geoffroy de la Rebière de Pouyade, Maureen Binard, Stéfan Deleuze, Jérôme Ponthier","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1548978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1548978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Standing caesarian section (C-section) in mares is poorly documented in the literature. It is reportedly straightforward to perform for veterinarians experienced in bovine practice and is more accessible and less expensive than recumbent techniques. The study aimed to create a survey to report the outcomes of in field C-section through a flank laparotomy with the mare standing under sedation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey was developed for field veterinarians practicing standing C-sections. Data were collected regarding the veterinarian's experience and practice type, details about the mare and the reasons for performing the standing C-section in the field, the mare's condition during the procedure, as well as information on asepsis protocols, anesthesia, surgical techniques, medications used, and the follow-up of complications, including the survival outcomes of both the mare and the foal. Complication and survival rates were then used to determine potential risk factors. Fisher's exact tests were used, and significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>35 questionnaires, each addressing one C-section case, completed by a total of 19 veterinarians were considered. The most important factor for performing the surgery was the economic concern. The main postoperative complication of the surgery was infection/dehiscence of the wound (12/34). The mare survival rate at 1 year was 74% (25/34). The foal survival rate at 6 months was 20% (7/35). More live foals were delivered when dystocia lasted less than 2 h.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This survey shows that performing a standing C-section in the field might be a viable technique, both economically and in terms of mare's and foal's survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1548978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the prediction model of mastitis in dairy cows based on time series characteristics.","authors":"Rui Guo, Yongqiang Dai, Junjie Hu","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1575525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1575525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mastitis in dairy cows is a significant challenge faced by the global dairy industry, significantly affecting the quality and output of milk from dairy enterprises and causing them to suffer severe economic losses. With the increasing public concern over food safety and the rational use of antibiotics, how to identify cows at risk of disease early has become a key issue that needs to be urgently addressed. Especially subclinical mastitis, due to the lack of obvious external symptoms, makes detection more difficult, so early warning of it is particularly important.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, a time series prediction method, combined with machine learning techniques, was used to predict the risk of mastitis in dairy cows. The study data were obtained from the production records of 4000 dairy cows in a large farm in Hexi region of Gansu. By constructing time-series features, production indicators such as milk yield, fat rate and protein rate of each cow in two consecutive months, April and May, were utilized to predict its health status in June. To fully exploit the value of the time series features, we designed a multidimensional feature set that included raw indicator values, monthly change rates, and statistical features. After data preprocessing and sample balancing, data from 2821 cows were selected for model training. Finally, the applicability of each model was assessed by comparing and analyzing the prediction performance of six models, namely eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost), Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), K Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Logistic Regression, and Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The XGBoost model demonstrated optimal performance, achieving an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.75 with an accuracy rate of 71.36%. Feature importance analysis revealed three key temporal indicators significantly influencing prediction outcomes: May milk yield (22.29%), standard deviation of fat percentage (20.27%), and fat percentage change rate (19.87%). SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) value analysis further validated the predictive value of these temporal features, providing dairy farm managers with clearly defined monitoring priorities.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The XGBoost model demonstrates strong potential as an accurate predictive tool for subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. This study presents an effective early-warning approach through time-series modeling that offers significant practical value for mastitis prevention in dairy farm management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1575525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population structure and genetic diversity of Mi pigs based on SINE-RIPs.","authors":"Xiaoyan Wang, Chenyu Zhou, Yao Zheng, Miao Yu, Jia He, Cai Chen, Suwei Qiao, Ali Shoaib Moawad, Guoxing Tian, Bixia Li, Chengyi Song","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1500115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1500115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mi pigs, a Chinese native breed found in Jintan and Yangzhong in Jiangsu Province, were recorded as having only a few hundred members in the latest national livestock and poultry genetic resources survey. To explore their conservation and breeding prospects, 18 SINE Retrotransposon Insertion Polymorphisms (sine-rips) were analyzed using PCR to assess the population structure and genetic diversity of Mi pigs. These pigs were grouped into eight families based on a UPGMA phylogenetic tree. The genetic distances between the Mi pig populations and commercial breeds ranged from 0.3712 to 0.7609, indicating significant divergence. Conversely, they showed a closer genetic relationship with other local Jiangsu breeds, with distances varying from 0.0943 to 0.6122, a finding supported by the UPGMA tree. The populations displayed a substantial degree of outbreeding, with Fis values from -0.4744 (M5) to -0.0847 (M8) and Fst values from 0.0534 (M3, M8) to 0.2265 (M2, M7), highlighting their genetic diversity which is crucial for the conservation of Mi pigs. Despite this diversity, the population sizes were uneven, with M5, M7, and M8 having 6, 5, and 7 individuals, respectively. These findings lay a theoretical foundation for the ongoing conservation and breeding efforts for Mi pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1500115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of lysophospholipid supplementation in diets with different oil sources on broiler performance under heat stress.","authors":"Maziar Mohiti-Asli, Moin Ghanaatparast-Rashti, Seyed Davood Sharifi, Hasan Rouhanipour, Pooya Akbarian","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1561679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1561679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Feed cost has gradually increased in poultry production worldwide. One approach to minimizing production cost is dietary manipulation of nutrient supplies through improved feed efficiency. The inclusion of lipids in broiler diets is essential to meet metabolisable energy requirement. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding lysophospholipids (LP) to diets varying in sources and levels of vegetable oils on growth performance, ileal digestibility of nutrients, and serum lipids of heat-stressed broilers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 320 Ross 308 broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of two oil sources (soybean oil; SO, and palm oil; PO), two levels of oil (3 and 6%), and two levels of LP (0 and 100 mg/kg), with four replicates and 10 birds in each replicate. From 28 to 42 days of age, broilers were exposed to 36°C for 5 h everyday.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Supplementation of LP to broilers diet increased BWG from 1 to 21 d of age and for the whole period (<i>p <</i> 0.05). Broilers fed diet containing 6% oil with LP had lower FI from d 22 to 42 d, and better FCR from 22 to 42 d of age and over the entire period (<i>p <</i> 0.05). Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of EE, and AIDE was higher in diets containing 6% oil than diets with 3% oil (<i>p <</i> 0.05). The AID of EE, and AIDE were higher in broilers fed LP in the diets containing 6% oil (<i>p <</i> 0.05). The LP supplementation to diets reduced serum TG, total cholesterol, and LDL-C, whereas enhanced HDL-C concentrations at 42 d of age (<i>p <</i> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was concluded that broilers fed diets containing SO performed better, and LP supplementation enhanced the performance of broilers fed diets containing higher levels of oils.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1561679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haspin kinase inhibition dampens pseudorabies virus infection <i>in vitro</i>.","authors":"Lei Tan, Yong Yang, Xiaojiu Huang, Youqing Yuan, Kaixin Wang, Xiaoye Peng, Yiyan He, Yijin Wang, Lei Lei, Yingyi Chen, Deyong Duan, Naidong Wang, Yi Yang, Feiyan Dai, Cuiqing Huang, Aibing Wang","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1572729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1572729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudorabies virus (PRV) represents a considerable infectious threat to the swine industry in China and poses potential health risks to humans. However, there is a notable lack of specific antiviral agents aimed at combating PRV. Haspin is involved in histone phosphorylation during mitosis, while the role of swine Haspin in PRV infection has not been previously investigated. In the present study, we demonstrated that Haspin expression was significantly enhanced in response to PRV infection. Overexpression of the <i>haspin</i> gene notably enhanced PRV infection, while genetic inhibition of <i>haspin</i> gene resulted in a substantial reduction in viral infection. Further investigations indicated that the Haspin kinase inhibitor CHR-6494 effectively suppressed PRV infection in a concentration-dependent manner, primarily by inhibiting viral virus replication rather than interfering with the processes of binding, entry, or release. Additionally, treatment with CHR-6494 effectively restricted Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in Vero cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that Haspin may serve as a novel therapeutic target for the management of infections caused by <i>Alphaherpesvirinae</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1572729"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}