Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Case Report: Xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cell secretome for the treatment of feline chronic gingivostomatitis.","authors":"Angel Almendros, Omid Nekouei, Claudia Moores, Robert Jesky, Kerstin Baiker, May Tse","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1603383","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1603383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case series describes the treatment of eight cats with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) secretome, a therapeutic modality never used before for refractory feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS). The cats were free of systemic illness and were not on immunomodulators during treatment. All cats received two to three treatments of MSC secretome through intramucosal injections given 3 months apart. White cell count and globulins, stomatitis disease activity index (SDAI), and histopathology were used pre- and post-treatment to assess the response to treatment. Of the eight selected cases, resolution of clinical signs and significant improvement of lesions were reported in two cats. Six cats did not have a substantial clinical response, and lesions remained mostly unchanged. Six cats had a reduction in globulins, and five cats increased in weight, respectively, after treatment. SDAI decreased in all the cats treated. The two cats that had resolution of clinical signs had the most significant decrease in serum globulins and SDAI, and both increased in weight. No adverse effects or chemistry and hematological abnormalities directly associated with the use of MSC secretome were observed in any of the cats, suggesting human-derived MSC secretome can be safely used in cats. Increases in weight and reductions in SDAI and globulinaemia were observed in a subset of cats after treatment, suggesting an immunomodulatory effect and downregulation of proinflammatory factors. Well-designed clinical trials are recommended to verify the observed effects in this study and to evaluate long-lasting clinical benefits or potential side effects of the treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1603383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When is the best time to test paratuberculosis positivity? Observations from a follow-up study in Hungarian dairy herds.","authors":"Barbara Vass-Bognár, Mikolt Bakony, Kinga Fornyos, Walter Baumgartner, Johannes Lorenz Khol, Viktor Jurkovich","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1570915","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1570915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the present study was to find the most practical combination of diagnostic procedures and time points during lactation to identify <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> ssp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP)-infected animals. Four Hungarian dairy farms with a 4-5% apparent MAP positivity were enrolled in the study, and 13 non-lactating, known MAP-positive pregnant cows were chosen from each farm. Feces, blood, and milk samples were collected from each cow at 1-5, 10-14, 40-60, 90-120, 180-200, and 280-300 days in milk (DIM) and ELISA and PCR assays were performed for antibody or pathogen detection. Animals that later developed clinical paratuberculosis symptoms showed distinctly different patterns of test positivity than those that did not develop clinical symptoms during the observation period. The optimal time for detecting MAP-positive animals with the highest probability was DIM 40-60 with serum ELISA and DIM 10-14 and 40-60 for PCR assays, respectively. Serum ELISA proved to be slightly more sensitive than milk ELISA. S/P values showed a moderate correlation with the fecal qPCR Ct values. We found that the most suitable period for MAP screening is 40-60 days after calving.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1570915"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleated red blood cells as a prognostic indicator in dogs with anemia.","authors":"F Hollmann, V Geisen, K Hartmann, R Doerfelt","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1585168","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1585168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In human medicine, nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) in the peripheral blood have been associated with a poor prognosis and increased mortality in critically ill patients. In critically ill dogs, mortality was also significantly associated with high peripheral NRBC count.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the presence of NRBCs in the peripheral blood of dogs with regenerative and non-regenerative anemia and to evaluate the prognostic relevance of NRBCs in anemic dogs. Furthermore, the correlation between NRBCs and other blood parameters was examined.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Medical records of 254 anemic dogs hospitalized from November 2013 to June 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria were a hematocrit of <30%, a minimum age of 6 months, and the presence of a manual blood smear evaluation. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-hoc multiple comparison test, and Spearman correlation. <i>p</i>-values <0.05 were considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred ninety-one of 254 patients had NRBCs in their blood smear. The absolute NRBC count was significantly higher in dogs with regenerative anemia [1,514/μl (92-40,810/μl)] compared to dogs with non-regenerative anemia [220/μl (10-5,260/μl); <i>p</i> < 0.001]. NRBCs were more often present in dogs with regenerative anemia (141/167) than in dogs with non-regenerative anemia (35/62; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The NRBC concentration was not different between surviving and non-surviving dogs (<i>p</i> = 0.080). An increase or decrease of NRBCs during hospitalization was also not associated with outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NRBCs commonly appear in the peripheral blood of dogs with regenerative anemia. Their presence and quantity are not associated with survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1585168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual screening, molecular dynamics simulations, and <i>in vitro</i> analysis of <i>Sophora flavescens</i>-derived aloperine against <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>.","authors":"Anben Li, Yan Ma, Wenxi Li, Bintao Zhai, Nana Fu, Jun Li, Qianyu Zhou, Yang Liu","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1620324","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1620324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The resistance of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> to ivermectin (IVM) poses a significant economic threat to the global livestock industry. This necessitates alternative strategies for managing the development of drug resistance in <i>H. contortus</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed molecular docking screening, molecular dynamics simulations, and <i>in vitro</i> experiments to evaluate the effects of bioactive alkaloids from <i>Sophora alopecuroides</i> L. on <i>H. contortus</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Molecular docking and dynamics simulations revealed aloperine (ALO)'s strong binding affinity (-6.83 kcal/mol) and stable interaction with HC-Pgp among 13 tested alkaloids. Further evaluation through larval development test (LDT), larval migration inhibition test (LMIT), and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the combined administration of ALO and IVM exerted significantly enhanced inhibitory effects on the development, motility, and morphological integrity of IVM-resistant strains compared to monotherapy groups. Furthermore, the Rhodamine-123 accumulation assay demonstrated that aloperine significantly inhibited HC-Pgp activity (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study provides new perspectives for exploring the natural product ALO as an anthelmintic, HC-Pgp inhibitor, and synergist molecule. Further studies evaluating <i>in vivo</i> safety and pharmacokinetic interactions are required to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1620324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12221915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digitalising behavioural data collection through cloud-based technology in veterinary science and beyond.","authors":"Michelle Braghetti, Liat Vichman, Nareed Farhat, Daniel Simon Mills, Claudia Spadavecchia, Anna Zamansky, Annika Bremhorst","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1600619","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1600619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Field data collection in veterinary and animal behaviour science often faces practical limitations, including time constraints, restricted resources, and difficulties integrating high-quality data capture into real-world clinical workflows. This paper highlights the need for flexible, efficient, and standardised digital solutions that facilitate the collection of multimodal behavioural data in real-world settings. We present a case example using PetsDataLab, a novel cloud-based, \"no code\" platform designed to enable researchers to create customized apps for efficient and standardised data collection tailored to the behavioural domain, facilitating capture of diverse data types, including video, images, and contextual metadata. We used the platform to develop an app supporting the creation of the Dog Pain Database, a novel comprehensive resource aimed at advancing research on behaviour-based pain indicators in dogs. Using the app, we created a large-scale, structured dataset of dogs with clinically diagnosed conditions expected to be associated with pain and discomfort, including demographic, medical, and pain-related information, alongside high-quality video recordings for future behavioural analyses. To evaluate the app's usability and its potential for future broader deployment, 14 veterinary professionals tested the app and provided structured feedback via a questionnaire. Results indicated strong usability and clarity, although agreement with using the app in daily clinic life was lower among external testers, pointing to possible barriers to routine integration. This proof-of-concept case study demonstrates the potential of cloud-based platforms like PetsDataLab to bridge research and practice by enabling scalable, standardised, and clinically compatible behavioural data collection. While developed for veterinary pain research, the approach is broadly applicable across behavioural science and supports open science principles through structured, reusable, and interoperable data collection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1600619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of existing scientific literature on welfare assessment of farmed species applied in commercial practice: identification of strengths, weaknesses, and areas for further development.","authors":"Ingrid C de Jong, Wijbrand Ouweltjes, Pol Llonch, Gerard E Martin Valls, Heng-Lun Ko, Hans Spoolder, Ana C Strappini","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1589462","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1589462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last decades, significant progress in welfare assessment of commercially farmed species has been achieved. Since then, various initiatives applied and improved existing protocols, or developed new ones for species like farmed rabbits or fish. This has resulted in a wide range of protocols, indicators and measures potentially lacking standardization and harmonization. However, standardized protocols are crucial for generating quantitative and comparable welfare data. In this literature review we (i) provide the state-of-the-art regarding application of welfare assessment protocols under commercial conditions for farmed species, (ii) their representation of the five welfare domains, and (iii) which animal-based welfare indicators have been applied. Further, (iv) we evaluate the alignment of welfare indicators as applied in scientific publications with highly relevant welfare consequences as defined by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) for dairy cattle, pigs, broilers, and laying hens. Based on this, we (v) identify strengths and weaknesses regarding the domains covered and use of animal-based indicators, and define areas for further development. Most scientific publications focused on dairy cattle, followed by broilers, pigs and sheep. No publications were found for aquatic invertebrates, insects, fish species other than salmonids, and quails, highlighting the need for welfare assessment protocols for these species. Dairy cattle, horses, and sheep accounted for the highest number of unique indicators. Protocols generally covered all five welfare domains, with health indicators dominating. Animal-based welfare indicators were most prevalent. Common indicators across species were extracted and can be a starting point for the development of assessment protocols for novel species. Highly relevant welfare consequences as defined by EFSA were addressed. In conclusion, while welfare assessment protocols have been developed and tested under commercial conditions for many farmed species, assessment protocols for small-scale farmed species need attention. The wide variety of indicators extracted shows a lack of standardization and harmonization, risking divergence in indicators assessed between protocols. Attention should be given to define standardized welfare indicators per species, enabling comparable data collection related to important welfare issues and benchmarking to improve farm animal welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1589462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary supplementation with fermented rapeseed and seaweed modulates parasite infections and gut microbiota in outdoor pigs.","authors":"Charlotte Smith Bonde, Frida Brasen Drøhse, Nilay Büdeyri Gökgöz, Lukasz Krych, Dennis Sandris Nielsen, Heidi Huus Petersen, Rikke Matthiesen, Ninfa Rangel Pedersen, Peter Geldhof, Andrew R Williams, Stig Milan Thamsborg, Helena Mejer","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1565686","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1565686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Outdoor pig production systems can increase exposure to helminth infections such as <i>Ascaris suum</i>. Anthelmintic drug treatments are currently the primary strategy for controlling such infections; however, this approach is considered unsustainable due to the risk of parasites developing anthelmintic resistance. This study investigated the potential anthelmintic effect of a 2% w/w fermented rapeseed-seaweed (FRS) dietary supplement administered over an 11-12 week period in growing-finisher pigs. Outcomes assessed included parasitic fecal egg counts (FEC), serology, gut microbiota composition, and systemic inflammation. The FRS supplement consisted of 6% <i>Saccharina latissima</i>, 6% <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i>, and 88% rapeseed meal (based on dry matter) and was provided in two different batches. Supplementation with FRS tended to lower FEC and reduce the incidence of <i>A. suum</i> infection. However, this effect varied between batches. FRS also influenced gut microbiota composition: pigs that were fed the second batch of FRS showed an increased relative abundance of several <i>Bacteroidetes</i> members (e.g., <i>Prevotella</i>), while unsupplemented pigs were enriched with various taxa from the <i>Firmicutes</i> phylum, such as <i>Clostridium</i> spp. Furthermore, pigs fed the second batch of FTR showed reduced daily weight gain compared to those fed the control diet. Overall, our results indicate that FRS modulates the gut microbiota toward a composition potentially associated with improved gut health and may have promise as a prebiotic or novel feed additive to help reduce helminth infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1565686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A splice donor variant in <i>SLAMF1</i> is associated with canine atopic dermatitis.","authors":"Oliver P Forman, Jamie Freyer, Abigail Kerr, Julia D Labadie, Michael Denyer, Debbie J Gow, Janet Alexander, Michelle Daya, Yaindrys Rodriguez Olivera, Cecilia Lozoya, Christian Leutenegger, Christian Savard, Jason T Huff, Rebecca Chodroff Foran","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1550617","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1550617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a common inflammatory skin condition in dogs. It is a lifelong issue that poses a significant welfare concern due to the chronic skin discomfort and pruritus (itching) experienced by affected animals. Excessive scratching, licking, and chewing cause self-inflicted injuries to the skin and increase the risk of secondary infections. Several dog breeds, including Labrador Retriever, Boxer, and French Bulldog, are known to be predisposed to these issues, suggesting a genetic link to the condition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Access to a large population of dogs genotyped on a medium-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array through commercial Wisdom Panel testing, along with their linked clinical records, allowed a large-scale, highly powered genome-wide association study (GWAS) to be performed. In this study, over 28,000 dogs were examined to identify genetic changes associated with CAD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant signal on canine chromosome 38 was identified, with a particularly strong signal in French Bulldogs. Whole-genome resequencing revealed a compelling splice donor variant in the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule 1 (<i>SLAMF1</i>), a transmembrane receptor with important functions in immune cells. Further analysis of additional genome sequences and RNA samples from the MARS PETCARE BIOBANK confirmed that the <i>SLAMF1</i> splice variant is a strong potential contributor to an increased risk of atopic dermatitis.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The discovery represents the first compelling genetic variant associated with CAD to be validated in more than one breed of dog. The study identifies <i>SLAMF1</i> as a potential pharmaceutical target and the associated variant as a biomarker to enable dog breeders to make informed breeding decisions to reduce risk of CAD in future generations. The presence of the <i>SLAMF1</i> variant in many dog breeds and free-roaming dogs worldwide, indicates its potential role in contributing to the global risk of CAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1550617"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12221898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerobic exercise decreases interstitial glucose concentrations up to 2 h after exercise in dogs with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus: a preliminary study.","authors":"Jessica R Mampe, Darko Stefanovski, Rebecka S Hess","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1595952","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1595952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The effect of aerobic exercise on glucose concentration has been reported in healthy normal and over-conditioned dogs and in experimental dog models. However, the effect of aerobic exercise on interstitial glucose concentration (IG) has not been reported in dogs with insulin-treated naturally-occurring diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Determine if aerobic exercise decreases IG in outpatient diabetic dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five NPH insulin-treated client-owned diabetic dogs were prospectively enrolled into this interventional longitudinal cohort study. Dogs with a flash glucose monitoring system performed once daily aerobic exercise over 30 min for 7 consecutive days, if IG was <math><mo>≥</mo></math> 60 mg/dL during the preceding 12 h of observation. Dogs weighing <10 kg exercised (walked or jogged) for 1.5-2 miles, dogs 10-20 kg exercised for 2-2.5 miles, and dogs >20 kg exercised for 2.5-3 miles. Multivariable mixed-effects linear regression models followed by post-hoc analyses were used to estimate the marginal mean differences between IG 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 4 h after exercise compared with marginal mean baseline IG measured twice over 30 min just before each daily exercise period, which served as the control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Marginal means (95% confidence intervals) of IG were significantly lower 1.5 h after exercise [188 mg/dL (96-281 mg/dL)] and 2 h after exercise [185 mg/dL (82-287 mg/dL)] compared with marginal mean IG measured just before exercise [223 mg/dL (129-317 mg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.03, <i>p</i> = 0.008, respectively)]. Marginal means of IG were not significantly different 4 h after exercise compared with marginal mean IG measured just before exercise.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our preliminary data suggest that aerobic exercise may reduce IG levels up to two hours following exercise. These findings indicate that exercise could potentially serve as an adjunct approach to managing insulin-treated diabetic dogs in a home setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1595952"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An SNP-based diagnostic method for <i>Brucella</i> S2 vaccine strain infections.","authors":"Xingya Wang, Xiaowei Tian, Wanyang Li, Yuanchao Yang, Shuai Zhang, Hui Wang, Wanru Geng, Jingbo Zhai","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1570220","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1570220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brucellosis, a zoonotic bacterial infection caused by <i>Brucella</i> species, exhibits a global distribution. The <i>Brucella</i> S2 vaccine strain is known to cause brucellosis. Current serological antibody assays cannot distinguish between infections caused by the S2 strain and those caused by wild-type <i>Brucella</i>.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop a diagnostic method capable of specifically detecting S2 vaccine strain infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two probes were designed targeting single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci upstream of the <i>sugar ABC</i> gene; quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) methods were established. The performances of these methods were evaluated. The transient stem-loop structure of the DNA template was predicted, and the impact of probe overlap with the transient stem-loop structure on detection sensitivity was analyzed. Clinical applicability was assessed using 50 blood samples from brucellosis patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both types of methods demonstrated high specificity. However, MGB-SNPdd showed greater sensitivity than other detection methods. Reduction of overlap between the probe sequence and the transient stem-loop structure enhanced detection sensitivity. In the clinical applicability analysis, ddPCR methods exhibited higher rates of S2 vaccine strain detection compared with qPCR methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SNP-based ddPCR methods demonstrate higher sensitivity than qPCR methods and enable specific detection of brucellosis caused by the S2 vaccine strain. Reduction of probe overlap with the transient stem-loop structure improves detection sensitivity, providing valuable insights for enhanced PCR amplification efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1570220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12221913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}