Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Genetic strategies for enhancing litter size and birth weight uniformity in piglets.","authors":"Wuttigrai Boonkum, Suwanee Permthongchoochai, Vibuntita Chankitisakul, Monchai Duangjinda","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1512701","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1512701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters and develop selection indices for litter size and birth weight uniformity in piglets. These traits are crucial for improving productivity and profitability of swine production. Data were collected from 9,969 litters of 4,465 sows and 106,463 piglets of various breeds from a farm in Thailand. The analyzed traits included the total number born (TNB), number born alive (NBA), litter birth weight (LBW), mean birth weight, and individual birth weight. The assessed piglet uniformity traits included the difference between the maximum and minimum values (range), interquartile range of birth weight (IQRBW), variance in birth weight (VBW), standard deviation of birth weight (SDBW), and coefficient of variation of birth weight (CVBW). Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using a multiple-trait animal model and the average information-restricted maximum likelihood method. The appropriate selection index (I) was determined based on heritability, genetic correlations between traits, and the economic significance of the traits. The results revealed that litter size traits (TNB and NBA) and piglet birth weight uniformity traits (Range, IQRBW, VBW, SDBW, and CVBW) exhibited low heritability (<i>p</i> < 0.1), suggesting that environmental factors have a substantial influence. In contrast, birth weight traits showed moderate heritability (approximately 0.2). Negative genetic correlations between litter size and birth weight traits were observed, indicating that increasing litter size might reduce piglet birth weight and uniformity, potentially affecting survival rate. A selection index combining NBA, LBW, and CVBW was constructed to optimize the selection process for productivity and uniformity. In conclusion, genetic improvement programs should prioritize litter size and birth weight uniformity to enhance productivity and uniformity on commercial pig farms. These findings can assist breeders in developing more effective selection strategies, ultimately resulting in larger, more uniform litters and improved overall farm efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1512701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations on the associations between damaging and aggressive behaviors, related lesions, and their implications for the welfare of pigs in the grower-finisher period.","authors":"Lucy Markland, Julia Adriana Calderón Díaz, Laura Ann Boyle, Joana Pessoa, Nienke van Staaveren","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1523663","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1523663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pigs perform damaging and aggressive behaviors, but few studies investigated associations between behaviors and resulting lesions in intensive settings. We investigated such associations within and across production stages to understand implications for welfare, and interpreted cut-off values of behavior for use as warning signals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four batches of 419 pigs each (<i>n =</i> 1,676 pigs) were followed on arrival to a commercial grower-finisher unit at 12 weeks of age until slaughter. Pigs had docked tails, were managed according to routine practice and housed in 48 mixed-sex groups in eight rooms [35(±2) pigs/pen; 6 pens/room/batch]. Ear and tail lesions were assessed when pigs arrived to grower stage I [24.9 ± 5.33 kg of body weight (BW)], after 2 weeks when transferred to grower stage II (33.3 ± 7.04 kg BW), and after 4 weeks when transferred to the finisher stage (60.2 ± 7.74 kg BW; 18 weeks of age). All occurrences of damaging (ear, tail, and flank biting) and aggressive behaviors were recorded for 5 min per pen from the week after pigs arrived for 11 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High variability existed between pens for behaviors and percentage of pigs that developed new ear or tail lesions on arrival to grower II and finisher stage. There were significant correlations among the behaviors only within grower stage II (all behaviors: 0.65 ≤ r_s ≤ 0.80, <i>p</i> < 0.05), while the only correlations across production stages were ear biting (grower II and finisher r_s = -0.29, <i>p</i> < 0.05), flank biting (grower II and finisher r_s = 0.70, <i>p</i> < 0.05), and aggression (grower I and II r_s = 0.37, <i>p</i> < 0.05). This suggests a sensitive period during grower stage II but also that performance of behaviors changes over time. The frequency of ear and tail biting did not need to be high for new lesions to develop, but thresholds changed depending on stage, behaviors, and lesion type.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This underscores the intricacies in developing cut-off values for warning signals and may relate to the cumulative effect of different risk factors. Thus, early identification and multifaceted management strategies tailored to specific pens are needed to address behaviors with adverse implications for pig welfare. This highlights the challenges and complexities of improving pig welfare within current intensive production settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1523663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface N- or O-linked glycans on bovine spermatozoa play minimal role in evading macrophage mediated phagocytosis.","authors":"Jatinder Singh Chera, Vikrant Gaur, Abhishek Kumar, Fanny Josan, Aditya Patel, Sonam Yadav, Seema Karanwal, Preeti Verma, Vivek Verma, Sushil Kumar, Amit Kumar Bairagi, Sanchi Kamal, Tirtha Kumar Datta, Rakesh Kumar","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1550100","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1550100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bull spermatozoa possess glycocalyx made of carbohydrate moieties attached to proteins and lipids on their membranes that is involved in fertility associated functions including immune evasion in the female reproductive tract. The current study aimed to establish whether the differences in the glycocalyx of spermatozoa provide selective advantage in evading phagocytosis mediated by female macrophages. Based on removal of either N- or O-linked surface glycans from the spermatozoa, their susceptibility to phagocytosis by macrophages was assessed <i>in vitro</i> in bovines (<i>Bos indicus</i>) through flow cytometry. We found no significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in the phagocytosis of spermatozoa without N-glycans or O-glycans compared to those with intact glycocalyx. Out of nearly 2,000 events analysed, the mean number of macrophages phagocytosing the spermatozoa were found to be 416, 423 and 345, respectively for spermatozoa with an intact glycocalyx, with N-glycans removed and with O-glycans removed. The difference in the mean values of the individual sample geometric mean fluorescence intensities (<i>n</i> = 3) of the phagocytosed spermatozoa among all the treatment groups were also statistically insignificant (<i>p</i> > 0.05) indicating that the macrophages are not involved in the selection of spermatozoa based on their surface glycan profiles. Therefore, it is plausible to conclude that macrophages may be exploiting other signature molecules if at all they are involved in the cryptic female choice, or they might be phagocytosing spermatozoa with less stringency that may not be dependent on O- or-N-glycans on sperm surface. However, further studies are required to gain deeper insights into this phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1550100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of parasite communities and potentially pathogenic parasites in wild takin (<i>Budorcas taxicolor</i>).","authors":"Xiangwen Zeng, Ruiguo Liu, Rongyan Luo, Bingying Li, Jianing Liu, Zhiguo Li, Weichen Wang, Lijun Cai, Mingfu Li, Mei Xiao, Xiaoping Ma","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1555400","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1555400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The endangered takin (<i>Budorcas taxicolor</i>) faces health risks from parasitic infections, including gastrointestinal helminths and protozoa. While previous studies have explored its gut microbiome, research on parasites remains limited. Investigating parasite diversity and its effects on takin health is crucial for effective conservation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>59 fecal samples were collected from the Sichuan Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, China, across elevations of 1,100-2,500 meters. The samples were categorized into four groups based on location. DNA was extracted using the CTAB method, amplified for 18S rRNA, and sent for sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of takin fecal samples from Tangjiahe revealed significant differences in eukaryotic communities among the RA, RB, RC, and RD groups. Several potentially pathogenic helminths and protozoa were identified, including <i>Oesophagostomum</i>, <i>Dictyocaulus</i>, <i>Entamoeba</i>, and <i>Eimeria</i>. Some parasites, such as <i>Aelurostrongylus</i>, exhibited high abundance and widespread distribution. While they are harmless to takins, they are capable of infecting other animals. The correlation between parasite abundance and plant community composition suggests that certain plants may act as vectors facilitating parasite transmission.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the potential impact of nematodes and protozoa on the health of the Sichuan takin population in Tangjiahe, while also examines the relationship between the dietary composition of takins and parasitic infections. This has important ecological and practical implications for wildlife conservation and health management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1555400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of high-flow oxygen therapy on oxygenation in dogs undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy.","authors":"Julia Ortlieb, Hannah Bender, Matthias Schneider, Sabine Tacke, Esther Hassdenteufel","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1545427","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1545427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypoxemia is a common complication during bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). High-Flow Oxygen Therapy (HFOT) has been used to improve oxygenation and prevent periods of hypoxemia in people undergoing bronchoscopy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HFOT on oxygenation in dogs undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy compared to a traditional oxygen supplementation method (TOT). A secondary objective was to assess potential HFOT-related complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective randomized clinical trial. Dogs presented for diagnostic bronchoscopy were randomly assigned to receive either HFOT or TOT using nasal cannulas during the bronchoscopic procedure. Oxygenation was monitored through PaO₂ measurements taken at seven time points: baseline (t0), after preoxygenation (t1), post-induction (t2), pre- and post-BAL sampling (t3 and t4), at the end of the procedure (t5), and 1 h after bronchoscopy (t6). Pre- and post-procedure thoracic radiographs were assessed for air leak syndrome or aerophagia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>20 privately owned dogs presented for diagnostic bronchoscopy were included in the study (HFOT group: <i>n</i> = 10, TOT group: <i>n</i> = 10). Baseline characteristics and physiological parameters did not differ significantly between groups. Five dogs in each group showed hypoxemia (PaO₂ < 80 mmHg) at baseline with 1/5 in each group having PaO₂ < 60 mmHg. HFOT improved oxygenation throughout the procedure, with a significant increase in PaO₂ observed after preoxygenation (<i>P</i> = 0.001) and at the end of the procedure (<i>P</i> = 0.013). Additionally, only 1/10 dogs in the HFOT group experienced hypoxemia during bronchoscopy compared to 5/10 dogs in the TOT group, and patients in the HFOT achieved numerically higher PaO₂ values across all time points during the procedure (t1-t5). No serious adverse events related to HFOT were observed, although aerophagia occurred in both groups without necessitating intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HFOT can improve oxygenation and prevent episodes of hypoxemia in dogs undergoing bronchoscopy compared to traditional oxygen supplementation methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1545427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment and application of multiplex PCR method for detection of <i>Trichophyton verrucosum</i>, <i>Microsporum canis</i>, and <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i> from cattle.","authors":"Ya Wang, Zhiguo Li, Zhicai Zuo, Xiaobin Gu, Dongjie Cai, Jianfeng Hu, Yu Gu, Liuhong Shen, Liping Gou, Kun Zhang, Xiaoping Ma","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1546586","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1546586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dermatophytosis, which is a contagious fungal skin infection common in animals and humans, is the most common skin disease in cattle. It has a serious negative impact on the livestock industry. In order to circumvent the shortcomings of traditional detection methods such as time-consuming and low isolation rate. Therefore, this study established a simple, rapid and effective diagnostic method to accurately diagnose and differentiate the causative fungi of dermatophytosis, which is of great significance to enhance the prevention and treatment of dermatophytosis in beef cattle farms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three pairs of specific primers were designed using Primer Premier 5.0 from <i>Trichophyton verrucosum</i>, <i>Microsporum canis</i> and <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i>. A triple PCR assay was established by optimising the primer dose and annealing temperature to improve the detection sensitivity. The feasibility of the method was verified by testing the samples.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>In this study, a multiplex PCR method that can rapidly detect these three fungi at the same time was established, and its specificity, sensitivity and repeatability were analyzed at the same time. The results showed that the multiplex PCR method amplified the specific expected fragments of 581 bp, 1,513 bp and 371 bp for <i>T. verrucosum</i>, <i>M. canis</i> and <i>T. mentagrophytes</i>. The minimum detection limits of <i>T. verrucosum, M. canis</i> and <i>T. mentagrophytes</i> were all 1 pg./μL. The positive rates were 87.5% (21/24) for samples. The results showed that the multiplex PCR method was simple, specific and sensitive and might be used for rapid diagnosis and identification of dermatophytes in cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1546586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomised, parallel-group clinical trial comparing bedinvetmab to meloxicam for the management of canine osteoarthritis.","authors":"John F Innes, B Duncan X Lascelles, Daniel Bell, Robert Tulloch, Alex McVey, Chad Northcott, Mahala Welbourn, Kate Higgins, Veronika Horakova, Thomas W Maddox","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1502218","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1502218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bedinvetmab (Librela^®), a fully canine anti-nerve growth factor monoclonal antibody, was compared to the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) meloxicam in dogs for the management of osteoarthritis-related pain in a randomised, open-label, multicentre, parallel-group study. Subjects were recruited from general practices as client-owned dogs with appendicular osteoarthritis. Dogs were block randomised 1:1 to either daily oral meloxicam or bedinvetmab, administered subcutaneously once a month. The primary endpoint for efficacy was the change from baseline in the Canine Orthopaedic Index (COI) score. Linear mixed-effects models were used for statistical analysis conducted on a per-protocol and intent-to-treat basis. We hypothesised that bedinvetmab would demonstrate superior efficacy and safety compared to meloxicam; the number needed to harm (NNH) for meloxicam, relative to bedinvetmab, was calculated. Of the 190 screened dogs, 101 were randomised (bedinvetmab 52; meloxicam 49). Overall, both treatment groups showed a significant reduction in COI scores relative to baseline (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The bedinvetmab group experienced a larger mean reduction in COI scores, but this was not statistically significant. A significant effect of the visit was observed, with later visits showing a significantly greater reduction in COI compared to Visit 2 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The bedinvetmab group reported four (AEs), whilst the meloxicam group reported 17, with nine of those being gastrointestinal system disorders. Additionally, more dogs in the bedinvetmab group completed the study (<i>n</i> = 44) compared to those in the meloxicam group (<i>n</i> = 33). This is the first study to compare bedinvetmab to an NSAID for the management of osteoarthritis-related pain in dogs. The results suggest that both products are equally effective in managing OA pain, with efficacy improving over time for both treatments. Bedinvetmab was associated with fewer AEs. These data will aid clinicians and pet owners in choosing analgesic options for dogs with osteoarthritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1502218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of mandibular body fracture management using wire-reinforced intraoral composite splints in 15 cats.","authors":"Joanna Pakula, Alix Freeman, Andrew Perry","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1552682","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1552682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study assesses the use of wire-reinforced intraoral composite splints (WRICS) for stabilising mandibular body fractures in feline patients. It reviews 15 cases treated at a referral centre, focusing on the effectiveness of WRICS in achieving stable fracture repair, occlusion, and patient comfort. The fractures were most commonly between the canine tooth and third premolar (73%). Results indicate that WRICS can provide effective stabilisation with a median healing time of 8 weeks. Normocclusion was achieved in 14 out of 15 cases. Major complications were found in two cases (13%) and were associated with soft tissue ulceration. This study supports WRICS as a minimally invasive, reliable approach to mandibular body fracture stabilisation in cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1552682"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the potential of anti-dsRNA antibodies as an alternative viral sensing tool in encephalitides of different species.","authors":"Madeleine de le Roi, Hannah Gerhards, Adnan Fayyad, Mathias Boelke, Stefanie Christine Becker, Asisa Volz, Ingo Gerhauser, Wolfgang Baumgärtner, Christina Puff","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1540437","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1540437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although laboratory methods have advanced, the cause of many encephalitides is still unknown. Molecular methods like multiplex PCR and microarrays are considered to be often less sensitive than Next Generation Sequencing, whereas the latter is time-consuming and costly. These analyses require appropriate tissue preparations and are more difficult to perform on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Anti-double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) antibodies could potentially identify virus infections independently of the viral genome and can be applied to FFPE material. This study examined the applicability of monoclonal anti-dsRNA antibodies by immunohistochemistry to confirm encephalitides caused by different RNA viruses and comparing the findings with those obtained using monoclonal and polyclonal virus-specific antibodies. The viruses studied included negative-sense (Borna disease virus 1, BoDV-1; canine distemper virus, CDV; Rift Valley fever virus, RVFV) and positive-sense single stranded RNA viruses (severe acute respiratory disease syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2; tick-borne encephalitis virus, TBEV; Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus, TMEV). Interestingly, dsRNA was detected in both infected and non-infected animals and inconsistently co-localized to BoDV-1, TBEV, and TMEV antigen. Strict co-localization was lacking in CDV, SARS-CoV-2 and RVFV. Despite the co-localization of dsRNA with virus antigen for some RNA viruses, anti-dsRNA antibodies were unreliable as markers for unknown virus infections. Future studies should explore the upstream components of the immune response, including the interferon signaling cascade to assess their potential as effective virus-sensing tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1540437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of feline mandibular angle fractures utilizing <i>in silico</i> model construction and fracture mapping.","authors":"Tsung-Han Tu, Scott J Hetzel, Jason W Soukup","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1555190","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1555190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The unique and dynamic features of the feline mandibular angle make open reduction and internal fixation in this region more challenging than in the mandibular body. Visualization of fracture patterns through a fracture map can be a valuable tool for qualitative analysis of fractures in this region. In addition, fracture maps are useful in designing hardware for rigid internal fixation. The primary aim of this study was to identify possible associations between patient demographics, fracture etiologies, and fracture patterns affecting the feline mandibular angle. The secondary aim was to create fracture maps to qualitatively characterize fracture patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen cats with 22 mandibular angle fractures were included in this retrospective study. Medical records were reviewed and statistically analyzed. Fracture maps were created using three-dimensional in silico models derived from computed tomographic images and analyzed based on fracture categories/features (simple vs. comminuted fractures, fracture etiologies, bilateral fractures, and age).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant associations were found between dependent variables (fracture type, dorsal fracture location/fracture origin, ventral fracture location/fracture termination, mandibular foramen involvement, and displacement score) and independent variables (age, sex, and etiology). Fracture maps provided important qualitative information that was not evident from statistical analysis of patient demographics/fracture characteristics.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We conclude that in silico evaluation of fracture patterns provides important qualitative information that could not be obtain by traditional fracture characterization. In addition, the unique morphologic features of the feline mandibular angle likely play a significant role in fracture mechanics and fracture patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1555190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}