Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Access to veterinary care in Canada: a cross-sectional survey of animal healthcare organizations and interventions.","authors":"Quinn Rausch, Maryam Alhamdan, Shane Bateman, Michelle Evason, Valli Fraser-Celin, Courtney Graham, Jamie Saad, Michelle Tuma, Karen Ward, Lauren Van Patter","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1581316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1581316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Many Canadians struggle to access healthcare for their animals, but little data is available from the Canadian context on how barriers to care are being addressed, and with what effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The aim of this research was to characterize service providing organizations, barrier mitigation tools, community partnerships, and evaluation metrics used by organizations attempting to increase access to animal healthcare in Canada. In this study, we conducted online data mining and a cross-sectional, mixed-methods organizational survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Responses to the survey (<i>N</i> = 97) were received from non-profit organizations (52%), for-profit clinics (38%), and several municipal or governmental services (4%) and educational institutes (5%). Commonly reported tools included no cost or low-cost services, pop-up clinics and providing items to assist with pet transportation, with many other tools (payment plans without a credit check, services in multiple languages, availability of assistive technology) being employed by fewer than 20% of responding organizations. Only 38% of organizations used at least one tool from each of the four categories of barriers. Community involvement in programs ranged from simply accessing the service when it was available (outreach) to giving occasional feedback on their experiences (consulting), being employed or volunteering in program provision (collaborating), and community leadership partnering on initiatives (sharing leadership). Program evaluation most often involved quantitative measures of service usage with fewer organizations formally soliciting feedback from the community or looking at long-term health impacts.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Responses demonstrate that organizations employ a wide range of tools to mitigate access to veterinary care barriers primarily along financial and geographical lines, and to a lesser extent with tools targeting cultural or disability-related barriers highlighting the importance of building capacity around addressing multiple intersecting barriers. Study findings provide a baseline characterization of current efforts by Canadian organizations to mitigate barriers to accessing animal healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1581316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting vector distribution in Europe: at what sample size are species distribution models reliable?","authors":"Lianne Mitchel, Guy Hendrickx, Ewan T MacLeod, Cedric Marsboom","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1584864","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1584864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Species distribution models can predict the spatial distribution of vector-borne diseases by forming associations between known vector distribution and environmental variables. In response to a changing climate and increasing rates of vector-borne diseases in Europe, model predictions for vector distribution can be used to improve surveillance. However, the field lacks standardisation with little consensus as to what sample size produces reliable models.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Determine the optimum sample size for models developed with the machine learning algorithm, Random Forest, and different sample ratios.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To overcome limitations with real vector data, a simulated vector with a fully known distribution in 10 test sites across Europe was used to randomly generate different samples sizes. The test sites accounted for varying habitat suitability and the vector's relative occurrence area. 9,000 Random Forest models were developed with 24 different sample sizes (between 10-5,000) and three sample ratios with varying proportions of presence and absence data (50:50, 20:80, and 40:60, respectively). Model performance was evaluated using five metrics: percentage correctly classified, sensitivity, specificity, Cohen's Kappa, and Area Under the Curve. The metrics were grouped by sample size and ratio. The optimum sample size was determined when the 25th percentile met thresholds for excellent performance, defined as: 0.605-0.804 for Cohen's Kappa and 0.795-0.894 for the remaining metrics (to three decimal places).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For balanced sample ratios, the optimum sample size for reliable models fell within the range of 750-1,000. Estimates increased to 1,100-1,300 for unbalanced samples with a 40:60 ratio of presence and absence data, respectively. Comparatively, unbalanced samples with a 20:80 ratio of presence and absence data did not produce reliable models with any of the sample sizes considered.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge, this is the first study to use a simulated vector to identify the optimum sample size for Random Forest models at this resolution (≤1 km²) and extent (≥10,000 km²). These results may improve the reliability of model predictions, optimise field sampling, and enhance vector surveillance in response to changing climates. Further research may seek to refine these estimates and confirm transferability to real vectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1584864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12159067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure in the mother-young communication in domestic mammals: endocrine and behavioral aspects.","authors":"Daniel Mota-Rojas, Cécile Bienboire-Frosini, Arthur Fernandes Bettencourt, Dina Villanueva-García, Adriana Domínguez-Oliva, Adolfo Álvarez-Macías, Vivian Fischer, Patricia Mora-Medina, Adriana Olmos-Hernández, Ismael Hernández-Avalos, Julio Martínez-Burnes, Ayman H Abd El-Aziz, Agustín Orihuela, Temple Grandin","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1589916","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1589916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mothering and bonding represent fundamental aspects of survival and development in domestic mammalian species. The mother-young interaction immediately after parturition is a critical event where the mother establishes selective care for the offspring, and the newborn responds to maternal stimulation. To develop this bond, maternal responses such as nest building, grooming, allowing suckling, or retrieval of the young need to be performed within the so-called sensitive period. This review discusses the factors that lead to failure in mother-young bonding in domestic mammals, analyzing mother- and young-related factors that might impair maternal recognition. Among these factors, endocrine aspects such as oxytocin impairments and lower release interfere with the expression of maternal behavior. Moreover, a complex network of hormonal regulators, including steroid hormones (estrogen, progesterone), prolactin, and dopamine, is required to modulate the parenting and attachment process. In addition, other biological aspects such as prenatal conditions, maternal nutritional state, parity, and environmental factors can affect the quality of maternal care. Regarding young-related factors, low vitality due to events such as meconium aspiration syndrome decreases the newborn's motivation to interact and develop the mother-young bond. Recognizing these aspects to prevent offspring rejection is essential to neonatal survival. Peripartum monitoring and precision livestock farming are suggested methods to ensure appropriate mother-young communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1589916"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12158967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Adverse reaction to butorphanol in a Collie homozygous for the <i>ABCB1-1∆</i> (<i>MDR1</i>) mutation.","authors":"Tyler S Nelson, Heather N Allen, April Hardison, Erin Miscioscia, Rajesh Khanna, Elizabeth A Maxwell","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1603375","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1603375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Certain dog breeds, particularly herding breeds like Collies, are predisposed to drug sensitivity due to the <i>ABCB1-1∆</i> (previously known as <i>MDR1</i>) mutation, which disrupts P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function. This mutation impairs drug efflux at the blood-brain barrier, leading to increased susceptibility to neurotoxic effects. While adverse reactions to P-gp substrate drugs such as macrocyclic lactones and chemotherapeutics are well documented, opioid sensitivity remains poorly understood. This case report documents a Collie that developed severe neurotoxicity, including profound sedation, ataxia, hypersalivation, and seizures, following a single 0.2 mg/kg dose of butorphanol. Symptoms persisted despite supportive care, requiring continuous naloxone administration for approximately 40 h before significant improvement. Neurotoxicological effects may have been exacerbated by metoclopramide and maropitant, known P-gp substrates. This case underscores the need for further research into opioid pharmacokinetics in <i>ABCB1-1∆</i> mutant dogs and highlights the importance of genetic screening in veterinary practice. To enhance patient safety, integration of automated alerts within electronic medical record systems is recommended to flag high-risk drugs for at-risk breeds, providing real-time warnings, dosing adjustments, and monitoring guidance. These measures could reduce adverse drug reactions and improve clinical outcomes in genetically susceptible dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1603375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12159028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insect meals in cat diets and their effects on digestibility, physiology, and gut microbiota.","authors":"Karen Guttenkunst Lisenko, Flavia Maria de Oliveira Borges Saad, Maiara Rodrigues Duarte Oliveira, Thaiane Vieira da Silva, Daniel Souza Dias, Luiz Duarte de Oliveira, Sudário Roberto Silva Júnior, Júlio Cézar Dos Santos Nascimento, Apolônio Gomes Ribeiro, Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimo, Diego Vicente da Costa, Lucas Rannier Ribeiro Antonino Carvalho, Maria Regina Cattai de Godoy","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1592625","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1592625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insects are a valuable source of nutrients, but little is known about their nutritional value for companion animals. In this study, we evaluated the inclusion of three insect meals in cat diets (Cinerea cockroach, CC; Madagascar cockroach, MC; and Superworm, SW) at two different levels (7.5 and 15%) on apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC), blood parameters, fecal pH, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA), phenol and indole production, and gut microbiota during six experimental periods of 15 days each. No differences were found for ADC, except for chitin in which MC registered the highest ADC. The fermentative product analysis showed that propionate displayed higher abundance in all insect treatments compared to the control group. Moreover, cats fed CC diet resulted in higher fecal butyrate while higher 4-methylphenol was registered in cats fed MC and SW diets. No significant differences were found for fecal pH and score, as well as no change in urea, creatinine, and blood count were registered. No differences were registered for total fecal SCFA, BCFA, phenol, and indole production compared to the control group or between insect meal fed groups. The fecal microbiota analyzed by gene 16S rRNA sequencing of cats did not register differences in alpha or beta diversity. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of insect meal up to 15% is a suitable alternative food for adult cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1592625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12158984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A description of the clinical signs and lesions of African swine fever, and its differential diagnoses in pigs slaughtered at selected abattoirs in central Uganda.","authors":"John E Ekakoro, Aisha Nassali, Cole Hauser, Krista Ochoa, Dickson Ndoboli, Rodney Okwasiimire, Edrine B Kayaga, Eddie M Wampande, Karyn A Havas","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1568095","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1568095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious and hemorrhagic viral disease of pigs that may present as a per-acute, sub-acute or chronic disease. Prior to this study, the clinical and pathologic presentation of ASF in pigs slaughtered in Uganda had not been characterized, and studies varied in their findings regarding differential diagnoses. The objectives of this study were to: (1) describe the clinical and pathologic presentation of ASF in pigs sampled from abattoirs in the Kampala metropolitan area over the course of one year, and (2) determine the prevalence of swine influenza A viruses (S-IAV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), and <i>Salmonella</i> spp. in these pigs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical and pathological data and samples were collected from pig abattoirs located in the Kampala metropolitan area from May 2021 through June 2022. Confirmatory diagnostic testing for African swine fever virus (ASFV) was performed using the real-time PCR (qPCR) assay. Diagnostic testing for ASFV differential diagnoses were performed using serologic and molecular techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Severe fever was found in 3.3% (26/794) of all pigs that were ASFV positive by any of the sample types tested. Of 196 blood positive pigs, 26% (51) had widespread splenic hemorrhages compared to 15.2% (67/442) of the pigs positive based on testing of lymph nodes, 15.5% (72/464) of pigs positive based on tonsil samples, and 15.8% (61/385) of pigs with positive spleen samples. The median gross pathologic lesion score for all pigs that tested positive for any sample type was six out of 33 [interquartile range (IQR): 4, 9]. Overall, 89.3% of the pig samples (1,188/1,330) were seropositive for S-IAV, and 0.8% (11/1,329) were seropositive for PRRSV. As for <i>Salmonella</i> spp., 4.4% (40/903) were qPCR positive, and all samples tested for CSFV nucleic acid were negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ASF in pigs slaughtered in central Uganda presents with clinical signs and lesions that vary; they present as healthy pigs or pigs with subacute or acute disease. However, surveillance programs in Uganda will require confirmatory laboratory diagnosis due to the occurrence of pathogens that cause similar clinical signs and lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1568095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12159021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Comparative analysis of the development of acquired radioresistance in canine and human mammary cancer cell lines.","authors":"Mark Gray, Arran K Turnbull, James Meehan, Carlos Martínez-Pérez, Charlene Kay, Lisa Y Pang, David J Argyle","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1615706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1615706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00439.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1615706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visnagin treatment attenuates DSS-induced colitis by regulating inflammation, oxidative, stress, and mucosal damage.","authors":"Vemula Sravathi, Madhuri Doppalapudi, Ravi Kumar Yadala, Anilkumar Banothu, Vijaya Kumar Anumolu, Hanuman Donga Durga Veera, Bhaskar Debbarma","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1558092","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1558092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by recurrent episodes of inflammation and ulceration of the colonic mucosa. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential effects of visnagin (VIS), a natural furanochromone using a murine model, focusing on tight junction protein expression, oxidative stress, apoptosis and associated inflammation in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced UC model. A total of 36 male C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into six groups (<i>n</i> = 6): Group 1 served as the control, group 2, treated with DSS (2% with three 5-day cycles diluted in distilled water administered orally). Group 3 (VIS) <i>perse</i> alone (60 mg/kg b. wt), orally for 31 days, Group 4-low dose of VIS (30 mg/kg b. wt for 31 days with DSS, group 5-high dose VIS (60 mg/kg b. wt) for 31 days with DSS and Group 6 Dexamethasone sodium @ 1 mg/kg b. wt-IP with DSS for 31 days. Disease progression and therapeutic outcomes were assessed by monitoring clinical symptoms, body weight changes, colon length, Disease activity index (DAI), oxidative stress indices, gross and histopathological analysis, inflammatory cytokine levels and immunohistochemical expression. Results demonstrated that VIS co-administration, particularly at high doses, significantly mitigated DSS-induced weight loss, colon shortening. This protective effect was further supported by a significant reduction in oxidative and nitrosative stress which was evident from decreased levels of nitrite and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in VIS treated groups 4 and 5. Further, VIS suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-<i>α</i>, IL-1<i>β</i>, IL-6, IFN-<i>γ</i>, NF-κB, IL-17, MPO and TGF-β) while increasing anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels in colon tissues. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed significantly reduced mRNA expression of TNF-<i>α</i> and IL-17 along with increased occludin expression in groups 4, 5 and 6. VIS also improves intestinal barrier by increasing the expression of tight junction occludin, as confirmed through RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical analysis showed strong positive immunoreactivity for NF-κB, COX-2, NLRP3 and TNF-<i>α</i> in DSS group, which wa notably reduced in VIS-treated groups. Additionally, VIS improved intestinalbarrier integrity by upregulating occluding expression. Histopathological analysis further confirmed that VIS attenuated DSS-induecdcolonic lesions. In conclusion, VIS exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and mucosal-protective properties, making it a promising therapeutic candidate for managing UC. Its ability to modulate inflammatory pathways and enhance intestinal barrier function suggests its potential as an alternative treatment for UC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1558092"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms underlying cashmere quality differences between Jiangnan cashmere goats and Changthangi pashmina goats.","authors":"Gao Gong, Shijie Bi, Xin Liang, Yu Ao, Feng Xu, Yiming Sulaiman","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1571803","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1571803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cashmere goats are excellent livestock breeds known for producing high-quality cashmere fibers from secondary hair follicles. In this study, we aimed to explore the key RNA molecules responsible for the differences in cashmere quality between Jiangnan cashmere goats (JNCG) and Changthangi pashmina goats (CPG). Skin transcriptomic data from the anagen, catagen, and telogen stages of hair follicle growth were retrieved from the SRA database for both JNCG and CPG. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted to identify key molecular differences underlying the variation in cashmere fiber quality. The results showed that there were 4,942 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between JNCG and CPG through differential analysis, and the DEGs were mainly enriched in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Thermogenesis, ECM-receptor interaction in KEGG through functional enrichment analysis, and GO entries were mainly enriched in keratin filament, intermediate filament, keratinization. Twenty-four key candidate genes including <i>IFG1</i>, <i>IGF1R</i>, <i>FGF5</i>, <i>FGF21</i>, <i>ND2</i>, <i>COX2</i>, <i>KRT10</i>, <i>KRT39</i>, and <i>KRT74</i> were further mined through pathways and entries. These genes play an important role in the development of secondary hair follicles and the formation of cashmere quality in cashmere goats, providing a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of cashmere goats in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1571803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a novel propylene glycol protocol in reducing ketosis in transition dairy cows.","authors":"Yuxi Song, Xuejie Jiang, Yu Hao, Rui Sun, Yunlong Bai, Guang Shao, Wanxia Ren, Cheng Xia","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1609300","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1609300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ketosis is a prevalent metabolic disease in dairy cows, characterized by adverse effects on both animal health and production performance. Propylene glycol (PG), recognized for its glucogenic properties, is widely utilized in the therapeutic management of ketosis. This study evaluated the efficacy of two PG-based treatment protocols in mitigating ketosis and enhancing the metabolic health of <i>Holstein</i> cows. Ninety cows were randomly allocated into three groups (<i>n</i> = 30 each): control (Group C, no PG), original PG protocol (Group O, 500 mL PG orally drenched once daily on days 0, 1, 2, 7, 8, and 9 post-calving), and novel PG protocol (Group N, 500 mL PG orally drenched once daily on days 0, 7, and 14 post-calving). Data were collected for body condition score, milk yield, metabolic biomarkers, and the incidence of ketosis from 14 (±3) days prepartum to 50 days postpartum. The results demonstrated that the novel PG protocol, compared with the control group, significantly enhanced energy metabolism by modulating glucose, insulin, and leptin levels while reducing <i>β</i>-hydroxybutyric acid and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, the novel PG protocol effectively decreased the incidence of ketosis (from 33.3% in Group C to 6.7% in Group N at 14 days postpartum), alleviated liver injury, and mitigated oxidative stress in dairy cows (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These findings underscore the potential of the novel PG protocol to improve metabolic health and reduce the risk of ketosis during the critical transition period in dairy cows. This offers a promising strategy for managing this condition in modern dairy production systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1609300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}