Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Increasing plasma ketamine concentrations decrease the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in rabbits.","authors":"Linda S Barter, Bruno H Pypendop","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1604553","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1604553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate the effects of increasing plasma ketamine concentration on isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) in rabbits, six New Zealand white rabbits weighing 4.21 ± 0.35 kg were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen. Ketamine was given intravenously to target pseudo-steady-state plasma concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 μg mL^-1. MAC, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, body temperature, end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration, and plasma ketamine concentration were measured at each targeted ketamine concentration. A pharmacodynamic model was fitted to the plasma ketamine concentration-MAC data. The measured plasma ketamine concentrations were 0.53 ± 0.14, 1.25 ± 0.2, 2.64 ± 0.44, 5.11 ± 1.18, 8.96 ± 2.03, and 18.07 ± 4.2 μg mL^-1, and isoflurane MAC values (% atm) were 1.66 ± 0.04, 1.39 ± 0.17, 1.16 ± 0.13, 1.02 ± 0.15, 0.86 ± 0.17, and 0.71 ± 0.06 for the six targeted plasma ketamine concentrations. MAC was significantly lower than baseline for the target concentration of 1 μg mL^-1 and above. Heart rate was significantly reduced from baseline at plasma target ketamine concentrations of 2 μg mL^-1 and higher. At target ketamine concentrations of 8 and 12 mcg mL^-1, increased muscle tone and spontaneous movement were observed in some rabbits, requiring active cooling to maintain normothermia. Recoveries were unremarkable. MAC at plasma ketamine concentration C was predicted to be <math><mrow><mn>1.85</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac><mrow><mn>1.25</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mi>C</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2.96</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>C</mi></mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </math> . Increasing ketamine concentrations reduced isoflurane MAC in healthy female New Zealand White rabbits. Plasma ketamine concentrations between 1 and 4 μg mL^-1 may elicit benefit with minimal adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1604553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12221929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma procalcitonin and C-reactive protein concentrations in dogs with bacterial sepsis and non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome.","authors":"Johanna Rompf, Bérénice Lutz, Katja-Nicole Adamik, Eliane Marti, Jelena Mirkovitch, Laureen Michèle Peters, Jennifer Eiermann, Gertraud Schüpbach-Regula, Bianca Hettlich, Barbara Willi, Simone Schuller","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1609020","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1609020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Procalcitonin is a well-established biomarker of bacterial infections in human medicine, used to guide initiation and duration of antimicrobial treatment. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a frequently used marker of inflammation in dogs, but is not specific for bacterial infection. The main objective of this study was to determine kinetics of plasma PCT (pPCT) and CRP in dogs with sepsis, non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome (nSIRS) and healthy dogs. This prospective, observational study included 17 dogs with sepsis, 16 with nSIRS and 15 healthy dogs. Hematologic parameters, pPCT and CRP were assessed on days 1, 2 and 3 in healthy dogs and on days 1, 2, 3 and 4 in dogs with nSIRS or sepsis. The shortened Acute Patient Physiologic and Laboratory Evaluation (APPLE_fast) score was calculated for dogs with sepsis and nSIRS. Plasma PCT was measured using a validated canine PCT ELISA. There was no significant difference in median pPCT between healthy dogs (110.3 pg/mL; IQR 74.7-138) and dogs with sepsis (81.6 pg/mL; IQR 50.1-157.1) or nSIRS (105.3 pg/mL; IQR 87.6-164.7). Prior antimicrobial treatment was not associated with a decrease in pPCT concentration in septic dogs. In the sepsis group, day 1 pPCT concentrations were significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In contrast, median CRP was above the reference range (<10.5 mg/L) in dogs with nSIRS (100.7 mg/L; IQR 67-141.9) or sepsis (131.9 mg/L; IQR 75.7-194.8) and significantly decreased within the first 4 days of successful antimicrobial treatment of sepsis. In conclusion, while plasma PCT showed some prognostic value, it was not a useful biomarker for assessing the efficacy of the chosen antimicrobial treatment in dogs with sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1609020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect and mechanism of modified Yougui power on Simmental bulls with oligoasthenozoospermia based on targeted amino acid metabolism.","authors":"Baoxia Chen, Qiang Ma, Huifang Ma, Wenfei Zhang, Runmin Wu, Chun Niu, Rongxia Guo, Zhiyuan Ma, Peng Ji, Yanming Wei, Yongli Hua","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1595145","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1595145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Oligoasthenozoospermia (OA) is a common reproductive disorder characterized by reduced sperm count and motility in animals. Yougui Pill (YP) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia. However, its effects on Simmental bulls are relatively limited, and the mechanisms involved in the regulation of OA remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, antler gum was removed from the original formula, and the key components and their mechanism of action of Modified Yougui Power (MYP) for the treatment of OA were investigated by UPLC-MS/MS analysis, amino acid metabolomics studies, and molecular docking analysis. UPLC-MS/MS was used to detect and study the active compounds of MYP. The levels of T, E2, FSH, and LH in the serum of OA and the control group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of amino acid metabolites and related metabolic pathways in semen of the OA and control groups were detected by UHPLC-MRM-MS/MS. Molecular docking was used to assess the affinity between the primary active ingredients associated with OA and their core targets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main components of MYP include trehalose, morroniside, hypaconitine, loganin, quercetin, kaempferol, and other compounds. MYP treatment improved sperm count, sperm motility, and expression of T, E2, and FSH in OA bulls. Amino acid metabolomics analysis revealed that MYP treatment influenced 67 metabolites in comparison to the OA group. Among these, 47 amino acid metabolites were found to be upregulated, including Arginine, Phenylalanine, and Serine, among others. Conversely, 20 amino acid metabolites exhibited downregulation. The discovery of cysteine and methionine metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, D-amino acid metabolism, the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, as well as the mTOR signaling pathway, are significant metabolic pathways. Molecular docking results validated robust binding interactions between these active ingredients and their respective core targets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MYP exhibits significant therapeutic potential for OA in Simmental bulls by regulating hormone expression and restoring amino acid metabolic homeostasis. This present study elucidates the complex mechanisms through which MYP exerts its effects in the treatment of OA, thereby providing new evidence for understanding the pharmacological properties of traditional Chinese medicine for OA from multiple perspectives. Furthermore, MYP may represent a cost-effective therapeutic option for the treatment of OA in animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1595145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12217934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative multi-omics and bioinformatics analysis of the effects of BaiRui YuPingFeng Powder on intestinal health in broilers.","authors":"Haonan Xu, Fang Zhang, Yan Che, Yu Cui, Qisheng Yao, Yueqin Guan, Hao Chen, Yuying Huang","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1606531","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1606531","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;In recent years, global poultry consumption has increased rapidly, making chicken the most widely consumed meat worldwide by 2019. To increase livestock development, antibiotics are often added to animal feed as growth promoters. But overuse of antibiotics may alter the gut microbiota, make people more resistant to them, and raise the possibility that they will spread antibiotic resistance genes to the human microbiome. Therefore, identifying safe and effective alternatives to antibiotics in livestock production is crucial for maintaining and improving gut microbial balance, ultimately promoting poultry health. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms behind the impacts of BaiRui YuPingFeng Powder (TCYP) on intestinal health in broilers using combined metabolomics, bioinformatics analysis, and 16S rRNA sequencing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In a 42-day feeding trial, 300 one-day-old broilers were randomly divided into five groups (six replicates per group; 10 broilers per replicate) fed a basal diet with or without supplements: control (CON), antibiotic (ATB), and TCYP at 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg. Growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, intestinal morphology, cecal microbiota composition, and metabolomic profiles were analyzed. Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify potential targets and pathways, followed by qPCR validation of key genes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared with the CON group, TCYP administration dose-dependently reduced the feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) while increasing average daily gain (ADG), with the high-dose TCYP showing more pronounced effects (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Serum biochemical analysis revealed that TCYP treatment significantly decreased serum levels of total cholesterol (T-CHO), triglycerides (TG), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in a dose-dependent manner, while elevating albumin (ALB) content. These beneficial effects were particularly marked in the high-dose TCYP group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Histopathological examination indicated that high-dose TCYP significantly enhanced villus height and the villus-to-crypt ratio (V/C) in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum compared to the CON group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that TCYP treatment significantly modified the &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-diversity of cecal microbiota (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Compared to the CON group, ATB treatment increased the abundance of &lt;i&gt;Faecalibacterium and Lachnospiraceae_unclassified&lt;/i&gt; but reduced &lt;i&gt;Ruminococcaceae_unclassified and Firmicutes_unclassified&lt;/i&gt;. Notably, dietary TCYP supplementation maintained gut microbiota profiles similar to the CON group, demonstrating its stabilizing effect on microbial community structure in broilers. Metabolomic analysis identified differential metabolites primarily involved in lipid and lipid-like molecules, organic heterocyclic compounds, and organic acids and d","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1606531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theaflavins enhances laying hen production performance and egg antioxidant capacity via improving antioxidant status and regulating lipid metabolism.","authors":"Ling Zhou, Pinyao Zhao, Jinwei Zhang, Jie Zhong, Yulin Rao, Jia Tang, Longsheng Jiang, Fen Chen, Lijuan Chen, Keying Zhang, Weimin Ouyang, Jialong Peng","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1566580","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1566580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Theaflavins (TF), natural compounds extracted from black tea, demonstrate various beneficial functions including antioxidant properties and lipid metabolism regulation. However, their effects on laying hens remained unclear. This study investigated the effects of different TF levels on production performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism in laying hens, and egg antioxidant capacity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 512 twenty-nine-week-old Lohmann commercial laying hens were randomly divided into four dietary treatments (0, 250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg TF) in a completely randomized design. Each treatment consisted of eight replicates of 16 birds, and the experiment lasted for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's multiple range test, with quadratic polynomial contrasts applied to evaluate dose-response relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that TF supplementation quadratically increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) egg production, egg yolk color, serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), hepatic T-AOC, uterine T-AOC, hepatic superoxide dismutase activity, serum total cholesterol (TC), hepatic TC, hepatic triglycerides, and the expression of antioxidant-related and lipid metabolism-related genes. It also enhanced the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, T-AOC, tyrosine, and tryptophan levels in egg yolks. TF supplementation significantly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum, liver, ovaries, and egg yolks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that TF improves laying performance by enhancing antioxidant capacity and regulating lipid metabolism, while simultaneously boosting egg antioxidant potential. Based on the quadratic regression analysis, the optimal TF supplementation level was determined to be 500 mg/kg.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1566580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12218247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Magnolia officinalis</i> enhanced immune responses and the resistance to <i>Vibrio harveyi</i> infection in pearl gentian groupers.","authors":"Yilin Zhang, Yuhao Li, Xinlan Xu, Luxi Xu, Weifu Li, Zhen Gan, Yishan Lu","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1603997","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1603997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Magnolia officinalis</i> (MO) is a kind of traditional Chinese herbs, which has been studied for thousands of years in Chinese pharmacopoeia. In recent years, MO has been reported as an antibacterial agent in aquaculture, but the antibacterial properties of MO against <i>Vibrio harveyi</i> infection in fish remains unexplored. In this study, the effects of MO treatment on immune responses and the resistance to <i>V. harveyi</i> infection were detected in pearl gentian groupers. The results revealed that the expression levels of immune-related genes (<i>IL-12, TLR2, TLR5S, CD4, MHC-Iα</i>, and <i>IFN-</i> <i>γ</i>) in spleen, head kidney, liver and thymus, and the enzyme activities of CAT, SOD, LZM, and total serum protein in serum were significantly up-regulated at most of time points in MO -treated groupers. After being challenged with <i>V. harveyi</i> ZJ0603 at 28 days post-injection, the survival rate (SR) of groupers were 50.0, 60.0, 73.3, and 66.7% in MO groups at different concentrations, respectively, indicating that MO administration could improve the resistance to <i>V. harveyi</i> infection in groupers. The present study revealed that MO can be considered as a promising immunostimulant to induce the immune responses against <i>V. harveyi</i> infection in marine fishes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1603997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and identification of <i>Mycoplasma hyorhinis</i> and virulence evaluation of its field isolates.","authors":"Fan Yang, Lijun Yang, Xuecheng Duan, Yulin Qian, Huifang Ma, Xue Jia, Xinyu Huo, Wenqi Dong, Huanchun Chen, Chen Tan","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1542992","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1542992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>As a prevalent swine pathogen worldwide, <i>Mycoplasma hyorhinis</i> (<i>M. hyorhinis</i>, Mhr) is associated with various diseases, including multiple serositis, pneumonia, arthritis, and otitis media. It is also linked to the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>M. hyorhinis</i> prevalence in 2022 Chinese lung samples was assessed by species-specific PCR, followed by isolation and purification of field strains, followed by genetic characterization via multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Pathogenicity evaluation of three isolates (ZZ-1, GD-1 and AH-1) was evaluated using controlled piglet infection trials.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mhr detection in clinical lung samples showed 31.77% prevalence. Three isolates (ZZ-1/ST166, GD-1/ST167, AH-1/ST144) were characterized by MLST. Piglet infection trials confirmed Mhr-induced polyserositis, pneumonia, and arthritis, with strain-dependent virulence variation observed.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study confirms <i>M. hyorhinis</i> as a high-prevalence pathogen (31.77%) in Chinese swine herds. Animal infection models demonstrated virulence variation among different Mhr strains. These findings contribute to identifying and assessing the threats posed by different strains to pig health, guiding the development of clinical prevention and control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1542992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network analysis of farmed Atlantic salmon movements in British Columbia, Canada.","authors":"Ahsan Raquib, K Larry Hammell, Javier Sanchez, Nicole O'Brien, Krishna Kumar Thakur","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1568484","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1568484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An inherent issue to the Atlantic salmon aquaculture production is the possible transmission of infectious pathogens due to the transportation of live fish. This study employed network analysis to model the contribution of Atlantic salmon transfers to the spread of pathogens. We used a publicly available salmon transfer dataset covering the period 2015-2022. Official records showed that 812 transfers of Atlantic salmon occurred between various British Columbian (BC) salmon production units in that timeframe. For the purpose of evaluating changes in the network structure of farmed Atlantic salmon movements, the daily networks were aggregated into two-year periods to generate a time-ordered series of biennial movements. The freshwater hatchery and marine netpen sites comprised the two types of facilities that made up the Atlantic salmon transfer network, which consisted of 99 nodes (facilities) and 350 edges (links) overall. All the networks showed both scale-free and small-world topology, which would encourage the persistence and spread of pathogens in the Atlantic salmon facilities while simultaneously making it easier to develop risk-based surveillance techniques by focusing on high centrality nodes. Additionally, the rare occurrence of high betweenness and reach, presence of disassortative mixing, negative correlation between the in- and out-degree and between ingoing and outgoing infection chain of facilities, and the identification of freshwater hatcheries as potential superspreaders all suggest that Atlantic salmon transfers might not play a significant role in the spread of pathogens between facilities in the British Columbian Atlantic salmon farming industry. Community detection revealed two or three communities persistently in the aquaculture management unit (AMU) level network, and it would be more effective to make zoning based on AMU. In conclusion, targeted surveillance efforts on high-centrality facilities can be employed to combat any infectious outbreak in the BC Atlantic salmon industry caused by live Atlantic salmon movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1568484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12218256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic administration correlated with reduced diarrheal incidence and improved gut microbiota diversity in young goats.","authors":"Mohamed Osman Abdalrahem Essa, Cheng Cheng, Jun Li, Xiao Han, Zhong Kang Wei, Layla Ahmed Mohammed Abdelhadi, Huda Ahmed Hassan, Saber Y Adam, Hosameldeen Mohamed Husien, Ahmed A Saleh, Darong Cheng","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1604638","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1604638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Probiotic interventions in young livestock are gaining attention for their potential health benefits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 15 weaned goat kids (2-3 months old; 10-15 kg body weight), including 10 healthy kids and 5 diarrheic kids. The kids were divided into three groups: Healthy Control (H, no treatment), Probiotic-Treated Healthy (T), and Diarrheic + Probiotic-Treated (D). All kids were maintained under standardized environmental conditions and fed a controlled diet (60% corn, 15% pea skin, 15% silage, 5% hay and 1% vitamin-mineral additives). Probiotic bacteria <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> were administered via oral gavage at a concentration of (1 × 10⁹) CFU/mL for five consecutive days. Fecal samples were collected for sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene to analyze microbial composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Healthy groups exhibited significantly greater species richness and diversity compared to the diarrheal group (p < 0.01). The predominant phyla identified were <i>Pseudomonadota</i>, <i>Bacteroidetes</i>, and <i>Bacillota</i>.Increased levels of <i>Xylanibacter</i>, <i>UCG-055</i>, <i>Bacteroides</i>, and <i>Escherichia-Shigella</i> were noted in healthy treated kids, while <i>Prevotellaceae</i> UG_001 and <i>Proteus</i> decreased.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings highlight significant gut microbiota differences between healthy and diarrheal kids, suggesting that modifications in gut microbiota composition could alleviate diarrhea, contributing to preventive and therapeutic strategies for this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1604638"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary glycerol, vitamin C and niacinamide supplementation on liver of growing-finishing pigs.","authors":"Wenchen Sun, Linglan Deng, Wanjie Zou, Panting Wei, Shaobin Hao, Huadong Wu, Wei Lu, Yuyong He","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1620128","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1620128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The influence of supplementing glycerol, vitamin C and niacinamide on the liver of growing-finishing pigs has not yet been examined. This study investigated the effect of 10% glycerol, 0.06% vitamin C and 0.05% niacinamide supplementation at single or combination on liver of growing-finishing pigs. Compared with pigs supplemented with 0% glycerol, 0% vitamin C and 0% niacinamide, pigs supplemented only with 10% glycerol had higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) TNF-<i>α</i> concentration, partially hepatic steatosis, higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) relative abundances of <i>Escherichia_shigella</i>, <i>Prevotellaceae_UCG_003</i>, <i>Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group</i>, <i>Coprococcus</i>, <i>Lactococcus</i> and <i>Megamonas</i>, lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) solute carrier family 7 member 11 (<i>SLC7A11</i>) expression in liver tissue. However, pigs offered the diet with a mixture of 0.06% vitamin C and 0.05% niacinamide had higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) relative abundance of <i>Faecalibaculum</i> and expression of <i>SLC7A11</i>, lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) relative abundances of <i>Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1</i> in liver tissue. Supplementation of 10% glycerol, 0.06% vitamin C and 0.05% niacinamide simultaneously to pigs increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the ferrous ion level, the relative abundances of <i>Escherichia_Shigella</i>, <i>Lactococcus</i> and <i>Desulfobacterota</i>, the expressions of gene Cryptochrome-1(<i>CRY1</i>) and <i>SLC7A11</i>, but decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the expressions of gene C-reactive protein (<i>CRP</i>) and galactokinase 1 (<i>GALK1</i>) in liver tissue. Supplementation with 0.06% vitamin C and 0.05% niacinamide can alleviate the damage in liver of pigs fed a diet containing 10% glycerol.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1620128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}