Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Drug use stigma, accidental pet poisonings, and veterinary care: results from a survey of pet owners in Vancouver, British Columbia.","authors":"Chloe Chambers, Lexis H Ly, Alexandra Protopopova","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1527196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1527196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The effect of drug use on physical health, mental wellbeing, and quality of life can extend to family members, including children, and even companion animals. People who use drugs, a medically vulnerable population, face stigma and shaming when accessing healthcare services that engender mistrust and hinder future access. Yet, in an emergency where a pet has accidentally ingested drugs, there is no research on whether this stigma may prevent owners from seeking veterinary help. The objectives of this study were to describe actions taken by pet owners after accidental pet drug poisonings in Vancouver, British Columbia and understand how drug use-related stigma is associated with owners' decision to seek veterinary care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We surveyed two populations of pet owners, a general population recruited online (<i>n</i> = 82) and a sample recruited in-person at two outreach services that assist low-income pet owners in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver (<i>n</i> = 32). Participants who had not experienced a pet poisoning were asked about their actions and attitudes in a hypothetical drug poisoning event.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within the general population sample, 64 (78%) responded based on a hypothetical scenario, and in this group, the concern that a veterinarian might remove their animal was associated with higher self-reported discrimination in three domains: general discrimination, discrimination accessing non-health services, and discrimination accessing health-related services. A higher perceived experience of discrimination within each category was also associated with a greater concern that veterinary staff might report them to the authorities or social services, as well as an increased expectation of hiding information from a veterinarian, including information about what drug the animal ingested and how the animal was exposed. Those who had experienced a poisoning emergency were asked about their actions and encounters in the most recent poisoning. More than half sought veterinary assistance. Among those that did not, some reasons owners avoided veterinary care included confidence in their ability to treat the animal at home (<i>n</i> = 5), or fear of discrimination (<i>n</i> = 1) or punishment (<i>n</i> = 1).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings suggest that drug use-related stigma may contribute to a hesitancy to seek veterinary care or fully disclose information in an accidental pet poisoning.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1527196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of candidate blood biomarkers through metabolomics analysis in bovine superovulation.","authors":"Xiaohu Su, Guangqi Gao, Liqiang Chen, Liguo Zhang, Guangnan Liu, Chao Bian, Guanghua Su, Lei Yang","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1552045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1552045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Superovulation and embryo transfer technologies provide strong support for improving the productivity of cattle population. A non-invasive diagnostic method for superovulation prediction is necessary to improve its efficiency. Compared to macromolecular substances, there has been an increasing number of studies on small molecular metabolites as biomarkers. This study aimed to identify key biomarkers associated with superovulation outcomes in cows through serum metabolomics analysis. In this study, 36 induced estrus cows were selected, and the blood samples were collected at three time points: before FSH injection, before artificial insemination, and before embryo collection. Then, the cows were classified into high embryonic yield (HEY) and low embryonic yield (LEY) groups based on the total number of embryos. Furthermore, a serum untargeted metabolomics analysis of the two groups was conducted using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A total of 372 embryos were collected. The metabolomics analysis revealed that 1,158 metabolites were detected, and 617 were annotated. In the before FSH injection samples, 121 differential metabolites were identified between the two groups. In the before artificial insemination samples, 129 differential metabolites were identified. In the before embryo collection samples, 201 differential metabolites were identified. A total of 11 differential metabolites were shared between the before FSH injection and before artificial insemination samples, while five differential metabolites were shared across all three samples. The majority of the differential metabolites were significantly enriched in pathways related to amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, digestive system secretion, and ovarian steroidogenesis. This study showed that phosphatidylcholine [PC; 14:0/22:1(13Z)], phosphatidylethanolamine [PE; DiMe (11, 3)], triacylglycerol [TG; 15:0/16:0/22:4 (7Z, 10Z, 13Z, 16Z)], phosphatidylinositol [PI; 16:0/22:2 (13Z, 16Z)], and phosphatidylserine [PS; 18:0/20:4(8Z, 11Z, 14Z, 17Z)] were differentially expressed in the serum during the superovulation period. These could serve as potential biomarkers for embryonic yield prediction in bovine superovulation. The lipid and amino acid metabolic pathways may have an impact on the ovarian response. The results of this study could provide novel screening indexes of donors for bovine superovulation, although the accuracy of the relevant factors requires further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1552045"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12076740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of dog movement using a single accelerometer in different body positions-a new approach.","authors":"Rainer da Silva Reinstein, Franciéli Mallmann Pozzobon, Pâmela Caye, Amanda Oliveira Paraguassú, Brenda Viviane Götz Socolhoski, Otávio Henrique de Melo Schiefler, Ricardo Pozzobon, Daniel Curvello de Mendonça Müller, Maurício Veloso Brun","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1551341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1551341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The analysis of canine locomotion has significantly advanced over the past few decades with the advent of technologies that enable more precise measurements. Traditional methods, such as force platforms and three-dimensional kinematic systems, though accurate, are often costly and require specialized equipment, limiting their broader application. This study aims to evaluate an alternative approach using a single triaxial accelerometer positioned in different anatomical regions (neck, sternum, pelvis, and right knee) to analyze gait patterns in healthy dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four clinically healthy dogs were used, divided into two groups based on body weight: ≤ 15 kg (G-15) and >15 kg (G+15). A wireless triaxial accelerometer sensor was utilized. Acceleration data were collected during walking and trotting in different anatomical positions: neck, sternum, pelvis, and right knee. The data were processed using Fourier analysis to extract harmonic frequencies and analyzed for acceleration peaks and autocorrelation to assess gait symmetry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed that larger and heavier dogs (G+15) exhibited lower movement frequencies and more stable patterns, especially during trotting, while smaller and lighter dogs (G-15) demonstrated higher frequencies and greater variability. Significant differences in acceleration peaks were observed between body regions, with the pelvis and knee showing the highest values. However, harmonic frequencies did not vary significantly between the different anatomical regions. The autocorrelation analysis revealed that, in larger dogs, the sternum and pelvis regions presented greater consistency, indicating enhanced stability during locomotion.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that using a single accelerometer in different body regions is a practical and effective methodology for gait analysis in dogs, allowing the identification of locomotion differences among dogs of varying sizes and movement phases. This approach offers an accurate alternative for veterinary biomechanical studies, with potential clinical applications in the diagnosis and monitoring of gait abnormalities. The use of a single triaxial accelerometer proved effective for canine gait analysis, revealing differences by body weight. The sternum and pelvis are ideal monitoring regions, suggesting applications in biomechanical and clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1551341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12076518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in technical methods and applications of subretinal injections in experimental animals.","authors":"Chunyan Song, Yuke Ji, Yun Wang, Weihua Yang","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1574519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1574519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The subretinal injection technique is an important intraocular drug delivery modality that allows access to the subretinal space to directly act on target cells or the administration of medications, markedly improving the therapeutic efficacy of ocular diseases. Subretinal injection in experimental animals is a commonly used manipulation method for investigating vitreoretinal diseases, particularly when gene therapy and cell therapy studies are involved. In this study, we conducted a systematic review on the injection methods, operation sites, post-injection indicators, as well as the progress and significance of subretinal injection in experimental animals, discussed and compared the advantages and disadvantages of the subretinal injection technique, summarized its specific application of subretinal injection in experimental animals, and explored the development and application of this new technology of subretinal injection, hoping to offer insights that may facilitate the further development of this technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1574519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dogs with sepsis are more hypercoagulable and have higher fibrinolysis inhibitor activities than dogs with non-septic systemic inflammation.","authors":"Emily Hill, Yao Zhu, Marjory B Brooks, Robert Goggs","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1559994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1559994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hemostatic imbalance in dogs with sepsis is characterized by hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis. We aimed to determine whether these abnormalities are unique features of sepsis or are also present in dogs with non-septic critical illness. Secondary aims were to assess relationships between coagulation assay results and circulating markers of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and to relate coagulation assay abnormalities with survival in dogs with sepsis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective single-center observational cohort study enrolled 55 client-owned dogs that satisfied at least 2 systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria. Dogs with a bacterial infection were categorized as sepsis, those without evidence of infection were categorized as non-infectious systemic inflammation (nSIRS). Clotting times, fibrinogen and D-dimer concentrations, and activities of antithrombin (AT), antiplasmin (AP), thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), and total and active plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were measured. Thrombin generation and overall hemostasis potential assays were performed and concentrations of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and H3.1 nucleosomes quantitated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to dogs with nSIRS, dogs with sepsis had higher fibrinogen concentrations, greater endogenous thrombin potential, higher AP and TAFI activities and greater overall hemostasis and coagulation potential values. H3.1 nucleosome and cfDNA concentrations were strongly correlated and significantly associated with various coagulation variables. In dogs with sepsis, non-survivors had lower AT activity, and higher active PAI-1 and H3.1 nucleosome concentrations.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Relative to non-septic critically ill dogs, dogs with sepsis are hyperfibrinogenemic, hypercoagulable and have higher AP and TAFI activities. Concentrations of H3.1 nucleosomes and active PAI-1 and AT activity might have prognostic value in dogs with sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1559994"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESBL/pAmpC-producing Enterobacterales in common leopard geckos (<i>Eublepharis macularius</i>) and central bearded dragons (<i>Pogona vitticeps</i>) from Portugal.","authors":"Andreia Valença, Gonçalo Fernandes, Joaquim Smolders, Rui Patrício, Adriana Belas","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1579193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1579193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Common leopard geckos (<i>Eublepharis macularius</i>) and central bearded dragon (<i>Pogona vitticeps</i>) are widely kept as pets but can harbor pathogenic bacteria, including antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria. This study aimed to research the frequency of β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in these two reptile species. A total of 132 samples were collected from the oral and cloacal cavities of healthy common leopard geckos and central bearded dragons in the Lisbon area, Portugal. Antimicrobial resistance was assessed for third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant Enterobacterales. The results revealed that 3GC-resistant Enterobacterales were observed in 17.9% (<i>n</i> = 14/78) of the reptiles. The most commonly identified species were: Citrobacter <i>freundii</i> and <i>Klebsiella aerogenes</i>. Furthermore, some isolates produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases (AmpC) encoding genes such as <i>bla</i> _CMY-2, <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-15, and <i>bla</i> _TEM-1. These findings emphasize the potential role of these reptiles in the spread of AMR bacteria, particularly in urban settings where human- animal interactions are frequent. Given the zoonotic risks, this study emphasizes the importance of continued surveillance and responsible antimicrobial use in both veterinary and human medicine to mitigate the spread of AMR bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1579193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amlodipine improves symmetric dimethylarginine in dogs with chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Shohei Morita, Youhei Mochizuki, Takahiro Kondo, Yasuyoshi Matsuda, Takahiro Ohmori, Aritada Yoshimura, Ryuji Fukushima","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1570349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1570349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In canines, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is frequently associated with high blood pressure. Amlodipine is used to treat hypertension in dogs, and we anticipated that amlodipine administration might improve renal function in dogs. However, the effect of amlodipine on canine renal function is unknown. Therefore, this study evaluated changes in symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) levels before and after amlodipine administration in pet dogs that had been diagnosed with CKD based on persistently elevated SDMA levels and were being treated with amlodipine alone for any reason. We also conducted a comparative investigation of whether there were any differences in SDMA changes depending on whether these dogs with CKD had hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a retrospective design. The study subjects were pet dogs that exhibited persistently elevated SDMA (≥14 μg/dL), were diagnosed with CKD, and were treated with amlodipine. Profile data such as breed, sex, and age, as well as data on blood chemistry tests, blood pressure, heart rate, and echocardiograms before and after amlodipine administration, were collected. Forty-five dogs were included in the study, of which 20 were hypertensive (HT: systolic arterial pressure ≥160 mmHg) and 25 were non-hypertensive (Non-HT: systolic arterial pressure <160 mmHg).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean SDMA was significantly lower after drug administration compared with before administration in both the HT and Non-HT groups. Moreover, we found that cardiac output (CO) increased in all dogs with CKD treated with amlodipine. Blood pressure measurements showed that the blood pressure decreased in both the HT and Non-HT groups.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>It is believed that the increase in CO due to amlodipine administration increases glomerular filtration rate, which may have led to a decrease in SDMA levels. Based on the rate of decrease in systolic arterial pressure, we considered that amlodipine might decrease blood pressure by a greater amount in patients with higher levels of hypertension. In this study, we showed that amlodipine administration improved SDMA in dogs with CKD regardless of whether they were hypertension. We also showed that amlodipine could be safely used to treat normotensive dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1570349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of different levels of neutral detergent fiber in starter diets on the performance, ruminal fermentation, and structural growth of Holstein calves.","authors":"Chunyan Ren, Yanliang Bi, Yan Tu, Yanli Guo, Rui Bing, Jiqing Wang, Qiyu Diao","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1557732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1557732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We evaluated the effect of starter diets with four levels [12.85, 19.91, 26.99, and 34.04% of dry matter (DM)] of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) on the growth, ruminal fermentation, and structural growth of Holstein calves. A total of 60 Holstein calves [42.3 ± 1.1 kg, body weight (BW)] aged 1-3 days were randomly assigned to 4 treatments: a starter diet with a dry matter basis without hay forage, 12.85% NDF; a starter diet with 14% forage, 19.91% NDF; a starter diet with 28% forage, 26.99% NDF; and a starter diet with 42% forage, 34.04% NDF. The hay forage (alfalfa hay and oat grass) was pelleted together with the concentrate to provide the calves, which had <i>ad libitum</i> access to water and starter feed throughout the experiment. Following weaning at 70 days, the calves continued on their respective diets until the trial termination at 112 days of age. The average daily gain (ADG) decreased linearly (<i>p</i> = 0.02) with increasing dietary NDF concentration. The starter intake and total dry matter intake (TDMI) increased quadratically (<i>p</i> = 0.02 and <i>p</i> = 0.03, respectively) with increasing NDF concentration in the starter diets, with maximal values observed at 26.99% NDF. Feed efficiency (FE) exhibited a decreasing trend with elevated NDF levels in the starter formulations during the post-weaning period, whereas diets containing 12.85 and 19.91% NDF diets maintained superior efficiency. Notably, the NDF intake showed a linear increase (<i>p</i> < 0.01) during both the pre- and post-weaning periods as the starter NDF levels escalated. The pH value exhibited either a linear or quadratic relationship with increasing dietary NDF levels at 112 days of age. The valerate concentrations showed a linear decreasing trend with increasing dietary NDF levels at 112 days of age. The total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentrations increased linearly with increasing dietary NDF levels. Elevating dietary NDF levels showed a linear reduction in the final body weight (BW) and weaning BW. The calf body length exhibited a linear decrease with increasing NDF levels, with the 12.85 and 19.91% NDF diets yielding greater values at 112 days of age. The blood beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentration was linearly elevated by higher dietary NDF levels at 70 days of age. Under the experimental conditions, the dietary NDF level of 12.85% or 19.91% enhanced the average daily gain (ADG), BW, and structural growth parameters. These findings indicate that the dietary NDF content below 26.99% constitutes the optimal range for Holstein calves aged 1-3 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1557732"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12076519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of bile acids on production performance, serum biochemistry, lipid metabolism, and intestinal morphology in broilers.","authors":"Wenjing Liu, Xinan Li, Yunlong Zhang, Tao Li, Yuqiang Wei, Xuejun Yuan, Yang Li, Weiren Yang, Ning Jiao","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1584544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1584544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of exogenous bile acids (BAs) on production performance, serum biochemistry, lipid metabolism, and intestinal morphology in broilers. A total of 20,000 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to two treatment groups, with eight replicates of 1,250 chicks each, for a duration of 42 days. The control group broilers were provided with normal drinking water, while the treatment group broilers were provided with drinking water supplemented with 100 mL of BAs per ton. The results showed that BAs supplementation significantly decreased abdominal fat yield (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while having no significant effect on other slaughter characteristics (<i>p</i> > 0.05). In addition, BAs supplementation significantly decreased serum acrylic aminotransferase concentrations (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, BAs supplementation also significantly decreased the mRNA expression of lipogenesis-related genes (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and increased the mRNA expression of lipolysis-related genes in the liver (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, BAs supplementation significantly improved jejunal morphology by increasing jejunum villus height (VH) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In summary, BAs supplementation improved production performance, serum enzyme activity, lipid metabolism, and intestinal morphology in broilers, providing a theoretical basis for the application of BAs in broiler production.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1584544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Bos taurus</i> and <i>Bison bison</i> conservative retrotransposon recombination products.","authors":"Gleb Yu Kosovsky, Galina V Glazko, Olga I Skobel","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1516731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1516731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Without identifying and studying the genomic characteristics associated with domestication, managing farm animal genetic resources becomes overwhelmingly difficult. Accumulated data confirm that mobile genetic elements participate in the domestication process and, in particular, generate widely abundant microRNAs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The recombination products were compared <i>in silico</i> between the long interspersed nuclear element (LINE) and the endogenous retrovirus (ERV), forming the LINE/ERV/LINE sequence, located in a closely linked conserved block of 12 genes, as well as the microRNAs formed by these recombination products in domesticated-wild pairs of mammals. For this comparison, the reference genomes of domesticated cattle (<i>Bos taurus</i>) and its closely related wild species counterpart, bison (<i>Bison bison</i>), were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that the above-noted highly conserved recombination products (with more than 81.5% identity) were present in the corresponding block of 12 genes in bison. These recombination products served as sources of 51 microRNAs in bison and 129 microRNAs in cattle, including 50 microRNAs that were similar in both species. A total of 79 microRNAs were found only in cattle trinomial recombination products, with 98% belonging to the mir-30 family, including the cattle-specific bta-miR-30a-5p and bta-miR-30e-5p. The mir-30 family is closely associated with biological processes influencing the quantity and quality of agricultural products.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Trinomial retrotransposon recombination products were fixed in both the cattle genome and the genome of its closely related wild species, the bison. It was found that these products may be involved in the response to intensive artificial selection and the domestication process since interspecific differentiation of microRNAs is associated with regulatory networks that have a significant impact on the formation of economically important traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":12772,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"1516731"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}