Risk assessment of African swine fever transmission by spray-dried porcine plasma in piglet feed and the effect of UV irradiation treatment as an additional safety step.
Clazien J de Vos, Lourens Heres, Aldo Dekker, Manon Swanenburg, W Meindert Pelser, Jacob Post, Marcel M Hulst
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The increase of African swine fever (ASF) outbreaks worldwide has raised concerns about the feeding of spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) to pigs. The processing of blood into SDPP should thus guarantee sufficient inactivation of ASF virus (ASFV) to render a safe product. The objective of this study was to evaluate (i) the required level of inactivation if blood of ASF-infected pigs would be processed into SDPP and fed to piglets, and (ii) the additional safety achieved if UV treatment is applied to plasma before spray-drying. A quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) model was built to assess the infection probability (Pinf ) of weaned piglets fed with SDPP produced from blood collected from a single ASF-infected herd. The inactivation of ASFV by UV treatment was quantified using a mobile, laboratory-scale "Cold Pasteurization" apparatus (Lyras inc, Aalborg, Denmark). Porcine plasma spiked with blood collected from pigs experimentally infected with ASFV was irradiated with different doses of UV-C and the log10 reduction factor (LRF) calculated. An average LRF of 2.2 was achieved by the highest dose of UV-C irradiation applied (~137 Joule/m2). QMRA model results indicate that an LRF of 5 needs to be achieved during processing to arrive at a median value of Pinf < 0.01, i.e., less than 1 out of 100 ASF-infected batches resulting in new infections. With an LRF of 8, also the 95th percentile value of Pinf is < 0.01. These results were compared to reported LRF values of spray-drying and dry storage of SDPP, which varied between 5.2 and 11.1. Applying UV-C irradiation as an additional step in SDPP production thus provides extra safety guarantees as the combined inactivation levels of spray-drying, dry storage and UV treatment are likely to result in an overall LRF ≥ 8, implying a very low risk of new ASF infections (median Pinf 7.3 × 10-6; 95th percentile 1.6 × 10-3). The QMRA model did not account for the probability that ASF-infected pigs are unintendedly processed into SDPP. This probability is low if SDPP is not sourced from pigs in ASF-infected areas, therewith further reducing the ASF infection risk of SDPP.
期刊介绍:
Frontiers in Veterinary Science is a global, peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that bridges animal and human health, brings a comparative approach to medical and surgical challenges, and advances innovative biotechnology and therapy.
Veterinary research today is interdisciplinary, collaborative, and socially relevant, transforming how we understand and investigate animal health and disease. Fundamental research in emerging infectious diseases, predictive genomics, stem cell therapy, and translational modelling is grounded within the integrative social context of public and environmental health, wildlife conservation, novel biomarkers, societal well-being, and cutting-edge clinical practice and specialization. Frontiers in Veterinary Science brings a 21st-century approach—networked, collaborative, and Open Access—to communicate this progress and innovation to both the specialist and to the wider audience of readers in the field.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science publishes articles on outstanding discoveries across a wide spectrum of translational, foundational, and clinical research. The journal''s mission is to bring all relevant veterinary sciences together on a single platform with the goal of improving animal and human health.