Frontiers in Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Pediatric and young adult ovarian masses: clinical approach, diagnostic evaluation, and management.","authors":"Zeynep Bayramoglu, Buket Timur, Deniz Kızmazoglu, Hikmet Tunc Timur, Oktay Ulusoy, Safiye Aktas, Nur Olgun, Sefa Kurt","doi":"10.3389/fped.2025.1639582","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2025.1639582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical, pathological, and surgical characteristics of ovarian masses in pediatric and young adult patients, with emphasis on malignancy risk, surgical approach, recurrence, and fertility outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 1,128 female patients under the age of 30 who underwent surgery for ovarian masses between 2003 and 2024. Clinical presentation, imaging, tumor markers, surgical procedures, histopathology, and recurrence were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of patients was 13.7 ± 4.02 years. Right-sided masses were more common (69.6%), and 79.9% of surgeries were open. Benign tumors were predominant (most commonly mature cystic teratomas), while dysgerminomas were the most frequent malignant neoplasms. Tumor size was significantly larger in malignant cases (<i>p</i> < 0.005). AFP and <i>β</i>-hCG demonstrated high specificity (88% and 90%, respectively) in predicting malignancy. Fertility-sparing surgery was performed in a large proportion of cases. Recurrence was observed in 31% of borderline tumors, 33% of grade 2-3 immature teratomas, 5% of grade 1 immature teratomas, and 12% of malignant germ cell tumors. Laparoscopic procedures, performed in 20% of patients, were associated with better ovarian preservation. Due to the retrospective design, long-term fertility outcomes were not systematically available.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ovarian masses in pediatric and young adult patients are mostly benign, but a notable risk of malignancy remains, especially in older adolescents and young adults. Tumor markers and imaging aid in preoperative risk stratification. Fertility-sparing surgery is feasible and should be prioritized. However, recurrence rates vary by histology, highlighting the need for structured long-term follow-up in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"1639582"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12459912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive role of parenteral and enteral nutrition duration in parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis among very preterm infants.","authors":"Xiaolei Ma, Ying Zhou, Yanting Guo, Li Ye","doi":"10.3389/fped.2025.1651046","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2025.1651046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) is common among very and extremely preterm infants (VPT). This study aims to investigate the relationship between the duration of parenteral nutrition (PN), enteral nutrition (EN), and the PN/EN ratio and the occurrence of PNAC in VPT, with the goal of providing a basis for the early identification of high-risk infants in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 230 VPT were retrospectively enrolled and divided into two groups based on the occurrence of PNAC. Baseline characteristics such as gestational age, sex, and birth weight, as well as clinical features, were compared between groups. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the duration of enteral nutrition (EN), parenteral nutrition (PN), and the development of PNAC. Interaction effects between PN, EN, the PN/EN ratio, and clinical variables were also explored. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was employed to assess potential nonlinear relationships between PN, EN duration, PN/EN ratio, and PNAC. Predictive performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Infants in the PNAC group had significantly lower gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar scores compared to the non-PNAC group. In contrast, the incidence of premature rupture of membranes and mechanical ventilation was significantly higher. In VPT, longer PN duration, shorter EN duration, and a higher PN/EN ratio were significantly associated with increased risk of PNAC, showing linear or near-linear trends. ROC analysis indicated that the PN/EN ratio had better predictive performance for PNAC than either PN or EN duration alone. Interaction analysis revealed that the association between PN/EN and PNAC risk was stronger in infants with lower birth weight and lower 1-minute Apgar scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Longer PN duration, shorter EN duration, and a higher PN/EN ratio are significant risk factors for PNAC in VPT. The PN/EN ratio demonstrated the best predictive accuracy. The association between PN/EN and PNAC was more pronounced in infants with lower birth weight and lower 1-minute Apgar scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"1651046"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic and prognostic utility of salivary and serum procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 in pediatric pneumonia: a prospective case-control study.","authors":"Ahmed Rezk, Nehad Bakry, Samar Elfiky, Maha Metawaa, Ahmed Ibrahim","doi":"10.3389/fped.2025.1627451","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2025.1627451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Effective biomarkers are essential for improving the diagnosis and risk stratification of pediatric pneumonia. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of salivary and serum interleukin (IL)-6, interleukin (IL)-10, and procalcitonin (PCT) in children diagnosed with pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective case-control study was conducted involving 50 children under five years of age with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. At admission, serum and saliva samples were collected, and levels of PCT, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured using ELISA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of each biomarker in distinguishing children with pneumonia from healthy controls. Multivariate logistic regression was then applied to identify independent predictors of disease severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three biomarkers demonstrated exceptional diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing pneumonia from healthy controls. Salivary PCT (>68.5 pg/ml, AUC = 1.000) and serum IL-10 (>73.18 pg/ml, AUC = 1.000) achieved perfect diagnostic performance with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Serum IL-6 (>18.06 ng/L, AUC = 0.994) and serum PCT (>86.66 pg/ml, AUC = 0.962) also demonstrated excellent accuracy with 96% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (>0.8, AUC = 1.000) similarly achieved 100% sensitivity and specificity. Severe pneumonia was associated with higher IL-10 and PCT levels (both serum and saliva), younger age, elevated heart rate, and higher CRP. IL-6 did not correlate with severity. In multivariate analysis, age <6 months (OR: 3.85), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (OR: 3.40), serum IL-10 (OR: 5.75), and salivary PCT (OR: 4.25) independently predicted severe pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Salivary and serum IL-6, IL-10, and PCT show promising diagnostic potential for pediatric pneumonia when compared to healthy controls. IL-10 and PCT also demonstrate prognostic value for severity stratification, with salivary measurements closely mirroring serum results. While these findings suggest potential for saliva-based diagnostics as non-invasive tools for early detection and severity assessment in pediatric pneumonia, validation in clinical settings with symptomatic controls is needed to establish their practical diagnostic utility in differentiating pneumonia from other febrile illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"1627451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central venous pressure dynamics in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: insights into high mean airway pressure, PPHN, and ECMO management.","authors":"Tomonori Kurimoto, Tokuhisa Takuya, Masaya Kibe, Toshio Harumatsu, Hiroshi Ohashi, Tsuyoshi Yamamoto, Eiji Hirakawa","doi":"10.3389/fped.2025.1611740","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2025.1611740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring provides valuable insights into hemodynamic changes; however, its application in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) undergoing advanced therapies remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of CVP under varying conditions, including high mean airway pressure (MAP), persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), and treatment with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 18 neonates diagnosed with HIE, who received brain hypothermia therapy and had umbilical venous catheters (UVC) appropriately placed for CVP monitoring. CVP values were analyzed in relation to high MAP (≥10 cmH₂O), PPHN status, and pre- and post-therapeutic interventions such as iNO and ECMO. Statistical comparisons were performed using Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> tests for continuous variables, with significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neonates in the high MAP group exhibited significantly higher mean CVP values than those in the normal MAP group (6 vs. 5 mmHg, <i>p</i> = 0.03). In the PPHN + high MAP group, the mean CVP, oxygenation index, and FiO₂ levels were markedly elevated compared with the high MAP group without PPHN. iNO administration significantly reduced the mean CVP (7 mmHg pre-iNO vs. 4 mmHg post-iNO, <i>p</i> = 0.04), whereas VV-ECMO initiation resulted in an increased CVP (mean CVP: 8 mmHg pre-ECMO vs. 13 mmHg post-ECMO, <i>p</i> = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>CVP monitoring via UVC provides critical information on hemodynamic changes in neonates with HIE, particularly under high MAP and PPHN conditions. While iNO effectively reduced CVP and improved oxygenation, VV-ECMO led to elevated CVP, likely due to the return cannula flow. These findings underscore the need for optimized cannula placement and ventilatory strategies to minimize hemodynamic instability during advanced neonatal therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"1611740"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current status and solutions for the overuse of emergency CT in pediatric patients with abdominal pain.","authors":"Wei Weng, Yaomeng Chen","doi":"10.3389/fped.2025.1654551","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2025.1654551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric abdominal pain is one of the most common issues reported in emergency departments (EDs), where emergency computed tomography (CT) plays a crucial role in diagnosing various conditions. However, the frequent use of emergency CT scans in children has raised significant concerns due to the associated risks of unnecessary radiation exposure and increased healthcare costs. This review aims to explore the current situation regarding the overuse of emergency CT scans among children with abdominal pain, examining the factors that contribute to this trend and its harmful effects. It also summarizes recommended interventions and research advancements designed to tackle this issue. By thoroughly reviewing the existing literature, this article seeks to provide valuable insights for clinical practice, promoting the careful use of emergency CT and emphasizing the role of non-ionizing alternatives such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to minimize unnecessary radiation exposure and optimize the use of medical resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"1654551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of acute reactions to gluten contamination of the diet in children with celiac disease.","authors":"Dorina Pjetraj, Denise Damiani, Chiara Monachesi, Salima Ricci, Milena Ascani, Simona Gatti, Carlo Catassi, Elena Lionetti","doi":"10.3389/fped.2025.1635944","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2025.1635944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The prevalence and clinical spectrum of symptoms due to inadvertent gluten exposure in children with celiac disease (CeD) on a gluten-free diet (GFD) are not well defined. This study aimed to assess these acute reactions through an online survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Parents of children with CeD treated with a GFD for at least 12 months completed an online questionnaire. The survey focused on symptoms occurring within 24 h of gluten-contaminated food ingestion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data were collected for 296 children. Acute reactions after unintentional gluten ingestion were reported in 98 cases (33.1%). The most common symptoms were abdominal pain (57.1%), diarrhea (42.9%), vomiting (31.6%), headache (12.2%), and fatigue (14.3%). Less frequent symptoms included nausea, constipation, urticaria, aphthous stomatitis, and arthropathy (each ∼5%-7%). In 86% of cases, symptoms appeared within 2-3 h. Gluten exposure most often occurred while dining out, especially in restaurants and school cafeterias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>One-third of children with CeD on a GFD experience acute reactions to accidental gluten ingestion. These reactions typically arise rapidly and are dominated by gastrointestinal symptoms, aligning with reports from existing literature, where vomiting and nausea have been observed in 3%-46% of patients at the time of CeD diagnosis and in 13%-61% during gluten challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"1635944"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors and outcomes of infants with necrotizing enterocolitis: a case-control study.","authors":"Noela H B Kamanga, Reenu Thomas, Kebashni Thandrayen, Sithembiso C Velaphi","doi":"10.3389/fped.2025.1611111","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2025.1611111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a condition associated with high mortality and morbidity. Its pathogenesis is linked to intestinal immaturity, inflammation, and enteral feeding. Identifying risk factors for the development of NEC and its mortality can inform targeted preventative strategies.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess the incidence, characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of infants diagnosed with NEC in a large tertiary neonatal unit in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective case-control study was conducted from May 2022 to December 2024 at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital. Infants diagnosed with definite NEC (modified Bell's stage 2 or 3) were included as cases. Each case was matched with 1-2 controls by weight and postnatal age. The demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, management, and outcomes of cases and controls were reviewed. Comparisons were performed between cases and controls, and between survivors and non-survivors amongst the cases using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 167 cases of NEC enrolled. The incidence rate of definite NEC was 3.4/1,000 live births, comprising 1.4% and 4.0% of all neonatal admissions and very low birth weight infants, respectively. The median gestational age, birth weight, and postnatal age of cases were 31 weeks, 1,455 g, and 8.5 days, respectively. Cases were more likely to have been formula fed (OR: 2.00; 95% CI 1.20-3.33), have been previously exposed to a longer duration of antibiotics (OR: 1.26; 95% CI 1.14-1.40), and to have received a blood transfusion (OR: 27.4; 95% CI 2.09-359), and less likely to have reached full feeds in a shorter time (OR: 0.88; 95% CI 0.80-0.95). In total, 91 cases (54.5%) had culture-confirmed sepsis. The mortality rate was 49.7%, with ventilation and hypotension predictors of mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a high incidence of definite NEC, with associated high mortality, mainly in infants who were ventilated and hypotensive. Factors associated with NEC were formula feeding, longer duration of antibiotics, and prior blood transfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"1611111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12456917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: MRSA sepsis after pediatric traumatic pseudoaneurysm.","authors":"Xiongfeng Zhang, Hua Zhao, Qingtian Yang","doi":"10.3389/fped.2025.1648541","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2025.1648541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric vascular injuries are rare and present unique clinical challenges due to differences in vessel size, injury patterns, and long-term outcomes compared with adults. We report the case of an 11-year-old boy who developed a ruptured and infected superficial femoral artery pseudoaneurysm following closed blunt trauma, which was further complicated by sepsis and necrotizing fasciitis. The patient underwent urgent surgical repair with autologous great saphenous vein patch angioplasty, combined with extensive debridement of necrotic tissue. Postoperatively, methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) was identified, necessitating individualized, pharmacokinetically guided vancomycin therapy. This case highlights the importance of early vascular assessment following pediatric blunt trauma, the feasibility of autologous tissue reconstruction in infected arterial injuries, and the critical role of real-time therapeutic drug monitoring in optimizing the management of severe pediatric MRSA infections. This case underscores the need for multidisciplinary coordination and long-term follow-up to optimize outcomes in rare pediatric vascular trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"1648541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy of percutaneous intramedullary aspiration, irrigation, and injection of absorbable bone in pediatric simple bone cyst.","authors":"Gang Xu, Wei Sun, Shiquan Zhang, Wei Li","doi":"10.3389/fped.2025.1672550","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2025.1672550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Simple bone cysts (SBCs) are common benign bone lesions that primarily affect the long bones of children and adolescents. Due to their tendency to recur and their potential to cause pathological fractures, a range of treatment strategies has been investigated. This study evaluates the clinical efficacy of percutaneous intramedullary aspiration, irrigation, and injection of absorbable bone (PAIB) in the treatment of pediatric SBCs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients underwent the PAIB procedure. Postoperative evaluation involved radiographic assessment to monitor recurrence and identify potential complications, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed when clinically indicated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this cohort of 36 patients with SBC treated using the PAIB technique, the mean follow-up duration was 33.5 months (range: 12-66 months). Recurrence occurred in 6 patients (16.6%), including one case complicated by a pathological fracture. Five of the recurrent cases underwent repeat PAIB procedures, resulting in complete resolution in two patients. Postoperative imaging revealed small residual cysts in three cases. Bone healing was successfully achieved in 32 patients. Graft bone exudation, identified as a potential risk factor for recurrence, was observed in seven patients. All patients exhibited satisfactory functional outcomes throughout the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PAIB appears to be a safe, effective, and minimally invasive treatment option for the management of pediatric simple bone cysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"1672550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When exhaustion meets permissiveness: a response surface analysis of parental burnout-parenting style interactions on childhood social anxiety.","authors":"Peiyi Yang, Lin Yang, Xuerong Liu, Zhengzhi Feng","doi":"10.3389/fped.2025.1640094","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2025.1640094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the interactive effects of parental burnout and parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive) on childhood social anxiety using response surface analysis (RSA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted between November and December 2024 in primary schools in Chongqing, China. Participants (parents and their children) were required to complete online questionnaires, including the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA), the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ), and the Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC). RSA and polynomial regression models examined the non-linear interactions between parental burnout, parenting styles, and childhood social anxiety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 724 datasets were included in the study. The findings indicated that significant congruence effects emerged for permissive parenting and parental burnout, and an inverted U-shaped curvature appeared along the line of incongruence with childhood social anxiety (curvature, a4 = -0.70, <i>p</i> = 0.009; slope a3 = -0.57, <i>p</i> = 0.272). Moreover, the curvature (a2 = -0.28, <i>p</i> = 0.089) and slope (a1 = 0.81, <i>p</i> = 0.068) were measured along the line of congruence, indicating that the line of congruence section curve is linearly rising.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies a significant interactive effect between parental burnout and permissive parenting style on childhood social anxiety, highlighting the need for two-pronged interventions. Future research should investigate the longitudinal causal pathways between parental burnout-parenting style congruence and child social anxiety across diverse cultural contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"1640094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}