Frontiers in Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and clinical significance of <i>α</i>-globin gene subtypes in prenatal thalassemia screening: a focus on the -<i>α</i> ^3.7III variant in Sanya, Hainan, China.","authors":"Xiangxiang Xiao, Cuiyun Li, Tian'e Cai, Liting Chen, Xiaoyan Lin, Yuanyuan Wang, Guiyan Yang, Hui Wei, Wei Li, Ying Yu","doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1934594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2026.1934594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alpha-thalassemia is a common genetic disorder in southern China. The -<i>α</i> ^3.7 deletion has three subtypes (I, II, III), among which type III has been rarely reported in the Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, genotypic distribution, and hematological phenotypes of the -<i>α</i> ^3.7III subtype in Sanya, Hainan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 474 reproductive-age individuals undergoing prenatal thalassemia screening were enrolled from February 2022 to April 2025. Peripheral blood samples were collected, and genetic testing was performed using next-generation sequencing, with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and Sanger sequencing as supplements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 474 subjects, 182 (38.40%) carried thalassemia mutations, including 149 (31.43%) with <i>α</i>-thalassemia. The most common <i>α</i>-thalassemia genotype was <i>α</i>α/-<i>α</i> ^3.7I (9.70%), followed by <i>α</i>α/α^{Hb Westmead} <i>α</i> (6.12%). A total of 38 -<i>α</i> ^3.7III carriers with a detection rate of 8.02% (38/474), 89.50% of whom were of the Hui ethnic group. Hematological analysis showed that -<i>α</i> ^3.7III carriers exhibited typical microcytic hypochromic features, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) levels were significantly lower in all -<i>α</i> ^3.7-related genotypes than in controls (all <i>P</i> < 0.001), while hemoglobin (Hb) levels showed no significant difference (<i>P</i> = 0.779). Hematological phenotypes were comparable between -<i>α</i> ^3.7I and -<i>α</i> ^3.7III heterozygotes.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study is the first to report a high prevalence of the -<i>α</i> ^3.7III subtype in the Hainan Hui population, enriching the genetic epidemiological data of α-thalassemia in China. Given that this variant may escape detection by conventional gap-PCR, undiagnosed -<i>α</i> ^3.7III carriers are at substantial risk of transmitting this mutation to their offspring; when inherited in combination with other <i>α</i> ⁰-thalassemia determinants, including --SEA, --FIL, --THAI, and other related genotypes, there is a significant risk of transfusion-dependent Hb H disease in offspring. These findings support the clinical necessity of comprehensive subtype screening and targeted testing in prenatal diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"14 ","pages":"1934594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal and pediatric nutritional care: a modified Delphi consensus on dietary management for infants with congenital heart disease in four Middle Eastern countries.","authors":"Alyaa Kotby, Ahmed Adel, Banseh Ahmed Hussein, Ensaf Boraey Othman Moustafa, Fahd Al-Harby, Hesham Samir Hasan Moustafa, Mahmoud Al-Husseiny, Mahmoud Al-Soufi, Manal Assiri, Masouma Al-Gasmi, Mohamed Hussein Metwally, Mohamed Matter, Mohamed Samy Al Farsy, Rabih Khalil Abdul Rahim, Rania Abdelkarim","doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1881464","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2026.1881464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the absence of localized guidelines for the Middle East region, management of infant malnutrition secondary to congenital heart disease (CHD) can lead to suboptimal outcomes and may aggravate patient conditions. In this consensus document, we aimed to guide health care professionals on care pathways and establish regionally relevant recommendations for the nutritional assessment and management of infants with CHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen experts from four Middle Eastern countries participated in a two-round modified Delphi process. The included statements were initially developed following a literature review and subsequently refined based on feedback from a steering committee of five experts preselected from the panelists' group for the first voting round. The second voting round, involving the other ten panelists, determined the final voting results. Follow-up discussions were utilized when needed. Consensus was predefined as ≥80% agreement, and statements meeting this threshold were included in the final document.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consensus was reached with a total of 43 statements, representing 87.8% of the suggested statements. The consensus statements established essential components and cut-off points for diagnosing malnutrition, specified values for enteral and parenteral feeding, caloric and fluid requirements and management, feeding practices and use of formula, and care in acute and critical settings. The highest agreement level was associated with the perioperative nutrition recommendations, while nutritional support recommendations faced the largest variability in response. In the latter, areas where a heterogeneity in clinical practice was observed, reflected by the lack of consensus, were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This consensus document provides a general framework for the assessment, management, and follow-up of infants with CHD with compromised nutritional status in four Middle Eastern countries, bridging the gap between existing international guidelines and real-world clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"14 ","pages":"1881464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transfusion practices, thresholds, and complications in pediatric oncology patients: a single-center prospective longitudinal observational study.","authors":"Büşra Tunalı Özcan, Sonay İncesoy Özdemir, Handan Dinçaslan, Nihal Ekin Dağ, Cem Çanakçi, Vafa Maharramova, Nübar Mustafayeva, Emel Ünal, Nurdan Taçyıldız","doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1955442","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2026.1955442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the frequency, indications, pre-transfusion threshold values, associated risk factors, and complications of blood product transfusions in pediatric oncology patients to contribute to the development of evidence-based, standardized transfusion strategies. This single-center, prospective observational study included 41 pediatric oncology patients aged 1 to 18 years who received red blood cell (RBC), platelet, or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions between June 2023 and June 2024. Patients were followed throughout their treatment and for six months after their final transfusion. Among 404 transfusions (215 RBC, 183 platelet, 6 FFP), the mean number per patient was 9.78 ± 9.2. Pre-transfusion platelet thresholds were significantly higher in the leukemia/lymphoma group than in the solid tumor group (23,892 ± 11,773/mm³ vs. 16,669 ± 11,921/mm³; <i>p</i> < 0.001), while RBC hemoglobin thresholds were similar (7.4 ± 0.6 vs. 7.3 ± 0.8 g/dL; <i>p</i> = 0.67). Advanced-stage disease (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and relapsed or refractory disease (<i>p</i> = 0.026) were associated with increased RBC transfusion requirements. Acute reactions occurred in 12.4% of transfusions, most (84%) being febrile nonhemolytic reactions. Premedication did not prevent reactions (<i>p</i> = 0.6). During long-term follow-up, serum ferritin exceeded 1000 ng/mL in 45.7% of patients. Transfusion management varies by diagnosis, with platelet thresholds in hematologic malignancies maintained higher than literature recommended. Advanced-stage and relapsed or refractory disease increase the transfusion burden. The high incidence of acute reactions and iron overload underscores the need for transfusion safety, long-term monitoring, and standardized, evidence-based transfusion strategies in pediatric oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"14 ","pages":"1955442"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal mental health impacts 2-year cognitive and language outcomes in infants born before 30 weeks of gestation.","authors":"Danielle Clifford, Deirdre M Murray, Brian H Walsh","doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1942213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2026.1942213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parental mental health (MH) plays a key role in stimulating development and is potentially amenable to intervention. Our aim was to determine whether maternal MH affects 2-year outcomes in infants born before 30 weeks of gestation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MH variables routinely available at booking were collected for infants born before 30 weeks of gestation in a tertiary neonatal unit. An abnormal outcome was defined as a Bayley score of ≤85 in the cognitive or language domains at 24 months of corrected age. Logistic regression was performed, adjusting for demographic and clinical variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 204 infants included, the mean gestational age was 26.7 weeks (SD 2.0). Anxiety was documented in 8.8% (18) of mothers, depression in 5.4% (11), anxiety/depression in 4.4% (9), and other MH diagnoses in 3.4% (7). Twelve mothers (5.9%) were prescribed MH medication at booking, and another 10 (5.0%) had required medication previously.Infants whose mothers required medication had 3.8 (1.5-9.5) times the odds of a low cognitive and language score. After adjustment, this increased to 6.3 (1.6-25.5) for cognition but remained similar for language. The mean cognitive score was 88.9 (SD 19.9) for infants whose mothers required medication, compared to 99.0 (SD 17.6) for those who did not (<i>p</i> = 0.03). The mean language score was 85.4 (SD 20.1) for infants whose mothers required medication, compared to 98.5 (SD 18) for those who did not. Infants whose mothers required medication were more than twice as likely to have low cognitive and language scores (45% vs. 21% and 50% vs. 24%, respectively).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Maternal MH, at a severity that requires pharmacological treatment, may increase the odds of low cognitive and language scores in infants born before 30 weeks of gestation. Infants whose mothers required medication were more than twice as likely to have low scores. These families may benefit from additional support.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"14 ","pages":"1942213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare cause of recurrent vomiting: large polypoid duodenal gastric heterotopia. A case report with a focused review of the paediatric literature.","authors":"Martina Begucci, Federica Natalizio, Renato Tambucci, Nicoletta Sgarro, Andrea Marzullo, Alberto Gaeta, Ruggiero Francavilla, Luigi Dall'Oglio, Fernanda Cristofori","doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1931161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2026.1931161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric heterotopia (GH) is a developmental anomaly characterized by the presence of ectopic gastric mucosa outside its normal location. It is rare in the duodenum, particularly as a large polypoid lesion in children. We report the case of a 12-year-old boy who developed recurrent postprandial nausea and vomiting at 11 years of age. Imaging and endoscopy revealed a large partially obstructing polypoid mass in the distal duodenum. Technetium-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy demonstrated ectopic gastric mucosa. The lesion was successfully removed through a two-stage endoscopic resection, leading to complete symptom resolution. Histopathological examination confirmed a hyperplastic polyp arising from heterotopic gastric mucosa in the distal duodenum. This case highlights that polypoid duodenal GH should be considered in children presenting with chronic unexplained vomiting or symptoms of partial upper intestinal obstruction. Complete resection resulted in symptom resolution in our patient and may be achieved endoscopically in selected cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"14 ","pages":"1931161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of elopement behavior in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Lai Ciai, Huang Guolin, Chen Xi, Li Rongzhen, Lian Xionghan, Li Xin, Cai Aiyuan","doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1957224","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fped.2026.1957224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Wandering and elopement are common and potentially life-threatening behaviors in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite extensive research, debates persist regarding the chronic nature of these behaviors, their relationship with cognitive and linguistic functions, and the primary risk factors. This study aims to quantitatively assess the incidence of elopement in this population and systematically evaluate associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases to gather observational studies on the incidence and risk factors of elopement in individuals with ASD (≤18 years old) from the inception of the databases to August 2026. Data were pooled using random or fixed-effect models, and subgroup analyses were performed. This study is registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261456297).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen observational studies were included. Meta-analysis revealed that the pooled incidence of elopement among children with ASD was 46% (95% CI: 36%-56%). Subgroup analysis showed no significant difference between recent (43%) and lifetime incidence (51%) (<i>P</i> = 0.4954), highlighting the chronic nature of this behavior. Additionally, no significant differences were found in elopement risk across genders (40% in males vs. 31% in females, <i>P</i> = 0.4374) or cognitive/linguistic function levels (41% in severe/ID/non-verbal group vs. 45% in mild/without ID/verbal group, <i>P</i> = 0.8434). Risk factor analysis identified comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, aOR = 3.00), lack of danger awareness (aOR = 2.20), and communication disorders (OR = 2.24) as highly correlated with elopement behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elopement is a prevalent and chronic behavior in children with ASD, unaffected by improvements in cognitive or linguistic abilities, challenging traditional clinical assumptions. In clinical practice, elopement prevention should be part of routine assessments, with interventions focusing on managing comorbidities like ADHD and enhancing safety skills training.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"14 ","pages":"1957224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and exploratory factors associated with in-hospital mortality in pediatric severe viral encephalitis.","authors":"Ping He, Fangqi Hu, Fei Wang","doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1957226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2026.1957226","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of severe viral encephalitis (SVE) in children and to identify exploratory factors associated with in-hospital mortality, thereby providing preliminary evidence to facilitate early risk stratification and reduce SVE-related disability and mortality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective study was conducted in 75 children diagnosed with viral encephalitis at the Department of Pediatrics, Anqing Municipal Hospital, from January 2023 to December 2025, including 50 mild cases and 25 SVE cases. Demographic data, clinical manifestations, and laboratory parameters (peripheral white blood cell count (WBC), serum sodium, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leukocyte and protein levels, serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), electroencephalography (EEG), neuroimaging findings, and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores) were collected and compared between groups. Pathogen detection was conducted through multiplex PCR and/or serum viral IgM antibody testing. In the mild encephalitis group, 14 out of 50 cases (28%) were found to be infected with specific viruses, with enteroviruses (EVs) being the predominant type, accounting for 7 cases, followed by herpes zoster virus (VZV) and human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6), each with 2 cases. In the SVE group, 9 out of 25 cases (36%) were found to have pathogens, with influenza A virus (4 cases) and herpes simplex virus (2 cases) being the main ones. Univariate analyses and Firth-penalized logistic regression were used to explore factors associated with in-hospital mortality (primary outcome) within the SVE subgroup.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Among the 25 children with SVE (15 males, mean age 7.74 ± 2.2 years), fever (76%), signs of elevated intracranial pressure (68%), and seizures (56%) were common; four patients died (16%). Compared with children with mild encephalitis, the SVE group exhibited significantly longer hospital stays, higher seizure rates, lower GCS scores, higher proportions of abnormal EEG and neuroimaging abnormalities, and elevated serum NSE (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in CSF leukocytes, CSF protein, blood leukocytes, or serum sodium. In univariate Firth-corrected logistic regression, neuroimaging abnormalities (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.007), seizures (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.011), EEG abnormalities (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.018), lower GCS score (per 1-point decrease, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), and higher serum NSE (per 10 ng/mL increment, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.018) were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Pediatric SVE presents with nonspecific early symptoms and substantial mortality. Seizures, EEG and neuroimaging abnormalities, low GCS score, and elevated serum NSE are exploratory factors associated with in-hospital mortality. However, given the small sample size and single-center design, these findings are hypothesis-generating and require validation in larger","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"14 ","pages":"1957226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing of reduction glossoplasty and clinical outcomes in children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.","authors":"Na-Kyum Park, Yoon Se Lee, Seung Hoon Han, Minsu Kwon, Young Ho Jung, Seung-Ho Choi","doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1937579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2026.1937579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Macroglossia in pediatric patients, particularly those with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), can cause airway compromise, feeding difficulties, and dentofacial abnormalities. However, the optimal timing of reduction glossoplasty and its impact on clinical outcomes remain uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of reduction glossoplasty in children with BWS, with particular emphasis on the association between age at surgery and postoperative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 21 pediatric patients with macroglossia who underwent reduction glossoplasty between 2017 and 2025 at a single institution. Patients were stratified into younger and older groups according to the median age at surgery (16.8 months). Associations between age at surgery and postoperative outcomes were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients had BWS. Malocclusion occurred in 61.9% of patients and was significantly associated with older age at surgery (median 23.3 vs. 13.4 months, <i>P</i> = 0.004). The prevalence of malocclusion was significantly higher in the older group than in the younger group (90.9% vs. 30.0%, <i>P</i> = 0.012). Wound dehiscence occurred in 33.3% of patients but was managed conservatively in most cases, resulting in a reoperation rate of 14.3%. Age at surgery was not associated with postoperative complications (<i>P</i> = 0.799). Oral feeding was initiated at a median of 3.2 postoperative days and was delayed in patients who developed complications (<i>P</i> = 0.031).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reduction glossoplasty is a feasible treatment for children with BWS-associated macroglossia. Younger age at surgery was associated with a lower prevalence of malocclusion, whereas age at surgery was not significantly associated with postoperative complications. These findings support individualized surgical decision-making that balances potential dentofacial benefits against perioperative risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"14 ","pages":"1937579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mobile intra-abdominal low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma arising from the jejunal mesentery in an adolescent: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Tao Lyu, Mengcheng Li, Yang Xia, Jianyin Zou, Qingchao Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1895681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2026.1895681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a rare fibroblastic neoplasm that only exceptionally involves the intra-abdominal cavity. We report a 17-year-old girl with a one-year history of a progressively enlarging, painless, freely mobile abdominal mass. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a localized, well-circumscribed, pedunculated lesion with positional variability, initially suggesting a completely resectable gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Preoperative biopsy was not performed because systemic treatment was not anticipated and intact resection was planned while minimizing the risks of tumor rupture and intraperitoneal dissemination. A non-contrast chest computed tomography examination on admission, three days before surgery, showed no significant abnormality. Laparoscopic exploration identified an approximately 10 × 10 cm encapsulated tumor attached by a narrow peripheral stalk to the mesenteric border of the proximal jejunum, approximately 40 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz. Complete en-bloc tumor excision with segmental jejunal resection required conversion to open surgery. Histology showed bland spindle cells in alternating fibrous and myxoid stroma with low mitotic activity. The tumor was MUC4-negative, showed absent RB expression and CDK4/p16 positivity, and was essentially negative for MDM2; weak nuclear MDM2 staining was observed predominantly in vascular endothelial cells, concordant with the absence of MDM2 amplification by fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization. Fusion testing was unavailable, so the diagnosis remains morphologically favored but molecularly unconfirmed. At 6 months, abdominal and chest computed tomography showed no local recurrence or metastatic disease. At 12 months, non-contrast abdominal computed tomography showed no significant abnormality or abdominal recurrence; chest imaging was not performed. The narrow peripheral mesenteric pedicle provides a directly documented anatomic explanation for the marked positional variability in this case.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"14 ","pages":"1895681"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Hepatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor versus hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor in pediatric patients.","authors":"Jia-Lin Tang, Miao-Bing Wu, Xian-Ping Jiang, Bin Wang, Zhi-Yong Wang, Xiao-Peng Ma, Jian-Yao Wang","doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1967031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2026.1967031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumor (HIPT) and Hepatic Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor (HIMT) are rare pediatric liver lesions with highly similar clinical and pathological features, easily causing misdiagnosis. Accurate differentiation is critical as they require distinct clinical management strategies.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>Two pediatric hepatic mass cases were included. An 8-year-old girl presented with chronic abdominal pain and was diagnosed with HIMT, with no evidence of recurrence at 12-month follow-up after surgical resection. A 12-year-old girl presented with recurrent fever and abdominal pain. Initial antibiotic treatment failed, and she underwent partial resection for biopsy followed by definitive surgery, along with postoperative antibiotics and low-dose prednisone therapy, and remained free of recurrence at 12-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the two cases in our center and narrative review, HIPT and HIMT differ in etiology, clinical manifestations, histopathology, immunohistochemistry and treatment regimens. Comprehensive analysis of all clinical information is required to improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce misdiagnosis and overtreatment of the two diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"14 ","pages":"1967031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}