Frontiers in Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Inflammatory breast cancer among advanced breast malignancies: diagnostic, microenvironmental, and therapeutic challenges of the rare amongst the common.","authors":"Shayla Murray, Matthew Becker, Bora Lim","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1935087","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1935087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies among women worldwide and is frequently curable when identified at an early stage. However, advanced and metastatic disease continue to account for a substantial proportion of breast cancer-related deaths, particularly among patients with aggressive subtypes such as inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), a clinicopathologic entity that spans hormone receptor-positive, HER2-positive, and triple-negative disease. Although advances in molecular profiling and systemic therapies have improved outcomes, substantial challenges persist in identifying patients at risk for recurrence, accurately assessing treatment response, and determining optimal therapeutic strategies. These challenges are driven by marked tumor heterogeneity and the dynamic interplay between malignant cells and their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). This review examines key barriers to the diagnosis and management of IBC, set against the broader landscape of advanced breast cancer. It discusses the clinical significance of late metastatic relapse, rapidly progressive disease, shortcomings of current prognostic frameworks, and the difficulties associated with monitoring metastatic involvement. Also highlighted are emerging approaches, including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and other liquid biopsy technologies, that may enhance risk stratification, longitudinal surveillance, and detection of molecular resistance; these applications remain investigational, and established clinical approaches are distinguished from emerging strategies throughout. The TME is further explored as a critical determinant of tumor behavior, with emphasis on lymphoid and myeloid immune cells, stromal components, and immune checkpoint pathways that promote immune evasion and therapeutic resistance. Finally, this review surveys evolving treatment paradigms, including immunotherapeutic approaches, RNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics, most of which remain preclinical, and antibody-drug conjugates, which are expanding the therapeutic landscape for advanced disease. Together, these developments underscore the potential of integrating molecular, immunologic, and circulating biomarker data to enable more precise disease characterization and treatment selection, as essential for developing more effective, personalized strategies for patients with IBC and other advanced breast cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1935087"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of VR interventions in cancer research based on multiple databases: mapping research hotspots and developmental trends.","authors":"Ruihan Wang, Yujie Zhang, Lidong Fang, Shuoqi Li","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1794020","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1794020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Virtual reality (VR) has become an increasingly popular tool in cancer care over the years. It shows promise in areas like pain management, psychological support, surgical training, and rehabilitation. Even though more studies are being done, there has not been a thorough analysis of the research trends in this field. This study looks at how VR interventions in cancer research have evolved over the past two decades, identifies research hotspots, and explores future directions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected publications related to VR in cancer research from the Web of Science Core Collection and Pubmed, covering the period from 2005 to 2025. Using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software, we performed bibliometric and visual analyses. These included examining publication trends, contributions by countries and institutions, author collaboration networks, journal impact, keyword co-occurrence, and citation bursts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,259 publications from 110 countries were included. The number of publications fluctuated over time but generally increased, reaching its highest point in 2024 with 184 articles. The United States and China were the most active countries. Jordan had the highest average number of citations per paper. Among institutions, McGill University published the most papers, followed by the University of Toronto. The most productive journal was Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques, whilst Cancers and Supportive Care in Cancer showed the fastest growth. Main research themes included pain management, anxiety reduction, breast cancer, and surgical training. Emerging trends involve the combination of augmented reality (AR), digital health, and artificial intelligence (AI) with VR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that VR research in cancer care is expanding worldwide, with most contributions coming from North America and Europe. Pain management remains the most common application. New technologies such as AR, AI, and telemedicine are becoming more integrated into VR interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1794020"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Oral selective estrogen receptor degraders and biomarker-driven therapy in ER-positive breast cancer: mechanisms, clinical evidence, and future directions.","authors":"Anton Yu Alasheev, Raneem Hamama, Elena V Petersen, Philipp Y Maximov","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1986541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.1986541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1855542.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1986541"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retroauricular approach for carotid body tumor resection: a case report.","authors":"Yi-Chan Lee, Wen-Yu Wu, Yao-Chang Wang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1918905","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1918905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Carotid body tumors (CBTs) are rare and highly vascular paragangliomas arising at the carotid bifurcation. Surgical resection remains the standard treatment for CBTs. However, the conventional transcervical approach inevitably leaves a visible cervical scar, which may negatively affect quality of life in patients with cosmetic concerns.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 27-year-old woman presented with a progressively enlarging right neck mass over a 6-month period. Ultrasonography demonstrated a hypervascular lesion surrounding the carotid arteries, and fine-needle aspiration was avoided because of the vascular nature of the tumor. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a 4-cm enhancing mass at the carotid bifurcation, highly suggestive of a CBT. Because the patient expressed concern regarding a visible cervical scar, a retroauricular approach was selected after thorough discussion of its potential risks and benefits. The operation was performed by a head and neck surgeon with intraoperative assistance from a vascular surgeon. Complete tumor resection was successfully achieved despite the need for repair of two small arterial defects encountered during tumor mobilization. The operative time was 300 minutes, and the estimated blood loss was 900 mL. The postoperative course was uneventful, and no major complications or tumor recurrence were observed during 12 months of follow-up. The patient reported satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome, although no objective cosmetic assessment was performed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In carefully selected patients with Shamblin type I or II CBT, the retroauricular approach may represent a feasible hidden-scar alternative to the conventional transcervical approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1918905"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: E3 ubiquitin ligases: critical roles in cancer progression and therapeutic implications.","authors":"Praveen Koganti, Pengda Liu","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1995835","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1995835","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1995835"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreatic hamartoma presenting with sleep-related behavioral abnormalities due to neuroglycopenia: a case report.","authors":"Xin Dai, Lingchun Liu, Xueye Mao, Shan Li, Yixin Su, Qiang Meng","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1959029","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1959029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic hamartoma (PH) is an exceedingly rare benign non-neoplastic lesion of the pancreas. Owing to its nonspecific clinical and radiological features, it is prone to misdiagnosis. Among its various subtypes, functionally active pancreatic hamartomas with distinct endocrine activity have only been sporadically reported in the literature as individual cases. We report the case of a 58-year-old female patient whose initial presentation was characterized by paroxysmal behavioral abnormalities during nocturnal sleep, manifesting as sudden agitation, arm-flinging, and purposeless stereotyped movements after sleep onset. During these episodes, the patient exhibited a confusional state with subsequent complete amnesia for the events, a clinical phenotype highly suggestive of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) or frontal lobe epilepsy. In-hospital monitoring revealed refractory nocturnal hypoglycemia. Imaging studies identified a mass in the pancreatic tail, and the patient underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. Postoperative histopathological and immunohistochemical examination confirmed the diagnosis of pancreatic hamartoma, composed predominantly of islet cells (approximately 90%) with associated islet cell tumor-like hyperplasia. Following surgery, the patient's nocturnal hypoglycemia and sleep-related behavioral abnormalities resolved completely.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1959029"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reshaping the definition of high-risk disease in the immune effector therapy era in multiple myeloma.","authors":"Yoshito Nishimura, Gunjan Gaur, Francesca Cottini, Saurabh Zanwar","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1956522","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1956522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple myeloma (MM) outcomes have improved with proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, anti-CD38 antibodies, and transplantation, yet a subset of patients with high-risk MM (HRMM) continues to relapse early and die prematurely. Immune effector therapies (IET)-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)- and G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member D (GPRC5D)-directed chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) and bispecific antibodies-have transformed the treatment of relapsed/refractory MM. However, their benefit in HRMM remains incompletely defined. This review describes how HRMM is defined in the IET-era distinguishing baseline biological/genomic risk, clinical high-risk phenotypes, and IET-specific adverse predictors. The International Myeloma Society/International Myeloma Working Group consensus integrates adverse cytogenetics and beta-2 microglobulin, whereas functional high-risk disease, extramedullary disease (EMD), plasma cell leukemia (PCL), high tumor burden, inflammation, and prior BCMA exposure identify aggressive disease in relapsed patients. Across pivotal trials, CAR-T therapy, particularly ciltacabtagene autoleucel, and selected bispecific antibodies retain activity in high-risk cytogenetic subgroups, whereas EMD and PCL remain associated with inferior responses and short progression-free survival. Emerging dual-antigen and trispecific engagers, along with novel targets such as FcRH5 and CD70, aim to overcome antigen escape. Prospective, biology-informed studies are needed to achieve durable disease control in HRMM.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1956522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salidroside inhibits glioma cell migration and proliferation through CYP2E1-neuroglobin-cytochrome c mediated redox axis.","authors":"Lakshmi Priya Panda, Kalpana Barhwal, Amit Kumar, Suryanarayan Biswal, Dev Kumar Tripathy, Mukund Namdev Sable, Rabi Narayan Sahu, Gaurav Chhabra","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1929709","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1929709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glioblastoma (GB) represents one of the most aggressive primary brain tumors characterized by poor prognosis, high relapse and resistance to conventional therapies. Salidroside, a naturally occurring glucoside derived from Rhodiola rosea, has been reported to exhibit pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative properties across multiple cancer models; however, its mechanistic basis in glioma and its therapeutic potential remain incompletely characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Neuroglobin (Ngb) protein expression was analyzed in 101 glioma brain tissue specimens and 5 normal brain tissues by western blot and immunohistochemical staining. In silico analyses of oxidized and reduced state of Ngb with salidroside was performed along with pharmacokinetics and toxicity predictions to computationally evaluate possible binding interactions and drug-like properties. Further, to determine the underlying mechanisms, <i>in vitro</i> assays were performed in U87MG and LN229 human glioblastoma cells treated with salidroside. MTT assay, transwell assay, Annexin V/PI staining, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), CYP2E1 activity, intracellular NADPH levels, Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio and markers of oxidative stress including ROS assay and lipid peroxidation were also measured. The mechanism of Ngb aided apoptosis was investigated by protein expression of Ngb, caspase 3 and cytosolic cytochrome c in glioma cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ngb expression in glioma tissues samples significantly downregulated with increasing tumour grade as determined by immunoreactivity and western blot analysis. In-silico analyses predicted a possible interaction of salidroside with reduced state of Ngb, <i>In vitro</i> studies suggested significant reduction in cell viability, migration and invasion in both U87MG and LN229 cells on supplementation with salidroside. These effects were accompanied by increased CYP2E1 activity, altered intracellular NADPH levels indicating induction of oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction, manifested as reduced MMP, elevated lipid peroxidation and increased cytosolic cytochrome c release indicated activation of intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Computational analyses additionally predicted a preferential interaction with the reduced form of Ngb, providing a mechanistic hypothesis warranting experimental validation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Salidroside exerts multi-faceted anti-cancer effects in glioblastoma cells, potentially involving upregulation of Ngb levels in glioma cells, modulation of redox homeostasis, mitochondrial integrity and intrinsic apoptotic signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1929709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Novel approaches to overcome drug resistance in breast cancer.","authors":"Arunima Biswas, Somsubhra Nath","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1910442","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1910442","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1910442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LncRNA AP003469.2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating cuproptosis via the miR-4732-3p/LIPT1 axis.","authors":"Jinlong Huo, Shuman Kuang, Lin Wu, Dong Ou","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1874176","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2026.1874176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor characterized by high recurrence and metastasis rates, as well as a poor prognosis. Cuproptosis is a form of programmed cell death driven by abnormal copper-ion metabolism. Existing studies have shown that its occurrence is closely regulated and associated with the progression of HCC. However, it is still unclear how long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) control the process in HCC. The purpose of this work is to clarify how the lncRNA AP003469.2 influences cuproptosis and promotes the development of HCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized RNA sequencing data from the TCGA-LIHC dataset to screen for cuproptosis-related lncRNAs exhibiting significant expression differences. Following the initial screening, the expression of lncRNA AP003469.2 was validated using qRT-PCR. Subsequent <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies confirmed AP003469.2's biological role in HCC. To understand the fundamental mechanisms, we determined the subcellular localization of the proteins using nuclear-cytoplasmic fractionation and fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization (FISH). The regulatory relationships between miR-4732-3p and LIPT1 and between AP003469.2 and miR-4732-3p were then verified using dual-luciferase reporter assays. In addition, we utilized Western blotting, copper assays, CCK-8, and immunohistochemistry to evaluate related proteins and markers indicative of cuproptosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A poor prognosis was observed to be positively correlated with elevated expression of AP003469.2 in HCC. In both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> experimental methods, AP003469.2 stimulated important malignant characteristics in HCC cells, including invasion, migration, and proliferation. Furthermore, by controlling LIPT1 expression and modulating copper homeostasis and important proteins, including FDX1, SLC31A1, and HSP70, AP003469.2 acts as a molecular sponge for miR-4732-3p, attenuating cuproptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our research demonstrated that the AP003469.2/miR-4732-3p/LIPT1 axis could suppress cuproptosis to promote HCC progression. Therefore, AP003469.2 may serve as a target for HCC treatment or diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1874176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}