Frontiers in Oncology最新文献

{"title":"The role of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing cardiac infiltration and therapeutic evaluation in extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma: a case report.","authors":"Taiping Liao, Lingxiao Li, Guoxu Fu, Li Li, Qinlin Qi, Yongjun Long","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1548785","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1548785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma is closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and primarily involves the nasopharynx. We report a rare case of extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma with widespread lymphomatous infiltration, including cardiac involvement, an exceedingly uncommon manifestation. This case emphasizes the pivotal role of¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing and evaluating treatment outcomes in extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1548785"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of face masks on empathy and communication in head and neck cancer patients: a case-control study.","authors":"Georg Hoene, Nikolaus von Hahn, Tim Mathea, Boris Schminke, Kathi Goldstein, Martin Leu, Henning Schliephake, Susanne Wolfer","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1539070","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1539070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the widespread use of face masks in medical settings. In the treatment of patients with head and neck tumors or other malignancies, where non-verbal communication and emotional expression are critical, face masks may potentially impair the physician-patient relationship. This study aimed to assess the impact of face masks on perceived empathy and the quality of physician-patient communication in this patient cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective case-control study as part of the postoperative follow-up consultations was conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, utilizing the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) measure. Patients were divided into two groups: in the case group, clinicians wore face masks throughout the entire consultation, while in the control group, masks were worn only during the clinical examination. The primary outcome was the difference in CARE scores, reflecting the perceived empathy of the clinician.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference in mean CARE scores was observed between the two groups (p=0.454), indicating that wearing a face mask did not significantly affect patients' perception of clinician empathy. However, a significant positive correlation was found between patients' familiarity with the clinician and higher CARE scores (p=0.003). Other variables, such as patient health status and consultation duration, did not significantly influence CARE scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Wearing face masks does not significantly impair perceived empathy in the context of physician-patient communication. Familiarity with the clinician emerged as a key factor in enhancing the quality of the interaction. These findings underscore the importance of fostering long-term, trust-based physician-patient relationships, particularly during periods of pandemic-related protective measures such as mask mandates.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1539070"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of CA125 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","authors":"Jie Zhang, Yijing Jiang, Long Chen, Linyan Xu, Bojian Ge, Xiaobing Miao, Xiaohong Xu","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1548399","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1548399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) is one of the most commonly used tumor biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of solid neoplasms. It has been reported that serum CA125 is correlated with the prognosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The objective of this study is to explore the clinical value of CA125 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathological data in a cohort of 315 newly diagnosed patients with DLBCL. In our case, the correlations between serum CA125 and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and cox proportional hazards model were applied to evaluate the prognosis. The expression of CA125 in DLBCL paraffin tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>82 patients (26%) with DLBCL had elevated serum CA125 levels at diagnosis. Elevated serum CA125 levels were associated with poor performances status, greater than or equal to 2 Extra-nodal sites, advanced Ann Arbor stage (III-IV), presence of B symptoms, presence of bulky mass, presence of effusion, intermediate/high-risk International Prognostic Index (IPI), elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels and reduced albumin levels. Patients with elevated serum CA125 levels at diagnosis had shorter progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis revealed that serum CA125, cell of origin, IPI score and albumin were independent prognostic factors for OS and PFS. In addition, the results of the immunohistochemistry indicated that none of the 82 DLBCL paraffin tissues expressed CA125 in lymphoma cells and the surrounding microenvironment cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum CA125 detected at the initial diagnosis is a strong predictor of prognosis in patients with DLBCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1548399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GINS1 is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with methylation and immune escape in liver hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Mingchao Liang, Tianqi Lai, Zhen Li, Wei Yu, Mingrong Cao, Nan Yao, Youzhu Hu, Tongzheng Liu, Junjie Liang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1492599","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1492599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>GINS1 is correlated with a poor prognosis in numerous cancers including liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). Here, efforts have been made to explore the function and underlying mechanism in LIHC through bioinformatics analysis. The mRNA and protein expression data of GINS1 were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), the University of Alabama at Birmingham CANcer Data Analysis Portal (UALCAN), and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Moreover, the protein expression of GINS1 was further substantiated by immunohistochemistry staining from 116 clinical samples. Subsequently, the diagnostic and prognostic role of GINS1 in LIHC patients were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and the Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM-plotter) database. GeneMANIA and STRING databases were respectively used to construct gene and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of GINS1. Enrichment analyses were conducted to investigate the functions of GINS1. To assess the genetic alterations, methylation, and prognostic value, cBioPortal, and MethSurv databases were utilized. Additionally, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), Tumor-Immune System Interaction Database (TISIDB), and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) were used to explore the correlation with tumor immune. Differential expression analyses validated the upregulation of GINS1 in LIHC. Furthermore, the prognostic and diagnostic values of GINS1 were substantiated by the ROC curve, Kaplan-Meier plotters, and forest plots. Further enrichment, methylation, and tumor immune microenvironment analyses showed an intimate connection with GINS1. In conclusion, GINS1 which is correlated with methylation and immune escape may predict the prognosis of LIHC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1492599"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeting radiopharmaceuticals: a new frontier in hepatic malignancies.","authors":"Fucen Liu, Liming Xiao, Ling Zhao, Yi Tao, Dan Huang, Zhengguo Chen, Chuandong He, Chunyan Wu","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1547459","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1547459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is overexpressed in prostate hypercellularity, making it an effective target for molecular imaging and therapy of prostate cancer. PSMA is expressed in the neovasculature of hepatic malignancies and regulates tumor cell invasion and angiogenesis. The diagnosis and treatment of hepatic malignancies remain challenging. Thus, radiopharmaceuticals targeting PSMA are gaining prominence in the treatment of hepatic malignancies. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the applications of PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals in hepatic malignant tumors, focusing on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), to assess their value as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent for hepatic malignancies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The potentials of PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic and therapeutic use in hepatic malignancies were investigated. Moreover, their characteristics, diagnostic and therapeutic efficacies, and potential synergies when used in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities were elucidated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the most common imaging modalities in clinical practice; however, their sensitivity is not optimal. PSMA positron emission tomography/CT can be used as a complementary modality to conventional imaging for characterizing lesions, staging and/or re-staging HCC, and assessing treatment response when conventional imaging results are unclear. Moreover, most patients with HCC are diagnosed at an advanced stage in which treatment options are limited. Hence, PSMA-based radioligand therapy serves as a promising alternative treatment when multiple treatments fail.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Further research and clinical transformation are required to effectively diagnose and treat HCC via PSMA targeting. This will have significant clinical application prospects in primary and secondary hepatic malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1547459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Associations of multi-human papillomavirus infections with expression of p16 in a cohort of women who underwent colposcopy: a retrospective study of 5165 patients.","authors":"Yulong Zhang, Haibo Li, Xiaowen Li, Zelong Li, Qianru You, Hanwen Liu, Zhiyan Zhao, Yanzhao Su, Xiangqin Zheng, Yusha Chen, Jiancui Chen, Huan Yi","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1570236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1570236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1265726.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1570236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of nomogram model of poor prognosis for patients newly diagnosed with brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer based on clinical pathology and prognostic scores.","authors":"Zengliang Li, Xiaoyue Wang, Guodong Ma","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1487126","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1487126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with new diagnosis of brain metastasis and construct Logistic regression model based on clinical pathology and prognosis score, and verify.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 158 patients newly diagnosed with brain metastasis in NSCLC were retrospectively selected from March 2020 to April 2022. The clinical data of patients were collected, and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of poor prognosis for newly diagnosed NSCLC with brain metastasis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of univariate analysis showed that the clinical pathological features including NLR>2.94, abnormal CEA, mediastinal lymph node metastasis, symptomatic treatment with therapeutic method, extracranial metastasis and GPS1-2 score were associated with the survival and prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed brain metastasis from NSCLC (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR>2.94, mediastinal lymph node metastasis, CEA abnormality, extracranial metastasis, and newly diagnosed NSCLC with GPS1-2 score were independent risk factors for poor prognosis of brain metastasis (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Internal verification using the Bootstrap method showed that the predicted curve fitted well with the standard model curve, with the average absolute error of 0.029. The ROC curve result showed that the AUC was 0.887, and the 95%CI was 0.782-0.905, with the corresponding specificity and sensitivity of 90.50% and 80.00%, respectively. This indicates that the prediction accuracy of this Nomogram model is good.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NLR, mediastinal lymph node metastasis, CEA, extracranial metastasis and GPS are risk factors for poor prognosis of newly diagnosed brain metastasis in NSCLC. The risk factor model constructed based on these risk factors has excellent prediction value for the poor prognosis of newly diagnosed brain metastasis in NSCLC. In order to reduce the risk of newly diagnosed brain metastasis in NSCLC and improve the prognosis, targeted preventive measures are taken against the above risk factors in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1487126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron content of glioblastoma tumours and role of ferrous iron in the hypoxic response <i>in vitro</i>.","authors":"Citra Praditi, Eira Beverley-Stone, Malcolm Reid, Eleanor R Burgess, Rebekah L Crake, Margreet C M Vissers, Janice A Royds, Tania L Slatter, Gabi U Dachs, Elisabeth Phillips","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1536549","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1536549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Glioblastomas are an aggressive primary brain cancer, characterised by hypoxia and poor patient survival. Iron is the most abundant transition metal in the brain, yet data on the iron content of brain cancers is sparse. Ferrous iron is an essential cofactor for a super-family of enzymes, the iron- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase enzymes (2-OGDD). These enzymes control the response to hypoxia via hydroxylation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and DNA demethylation via hydroxylation of 5-methyl cytosines (5hmC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used clinical glioblastoma samples from 40 patients to determine the relationship between 2-OGDD activity and iron. Elemental iron was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ferrous iron was measured using the colorimetric ferrozine assay. Iron measurements were compared against patient survival and clinicopathological data, and 2-OGDD-dependent activity of HIF-1 activation and 5hmC.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Elemental and ferrous iron levels were weakly related. Higher ferrous iron content of clinical glioblastoma tissue was associated with longer overall survival compared to lower ferrous iron content, but elemental iron showed no such relationship. Neither form of iron was related to clinicopathological data or markers of 2-OGDD activity. The impact of iron supplementation on the hypoxic response was assessed in three glioblastoma cell lines <i>in vitro</i>, similarly showing only a limited influence of iron on these 2-OGDD enzymes. Our data, together with prior studies in anaemic patients, highlight the importance of healthy iron levels in patients with glioblastoma, but further mechanistic studies are needed to elucidate the molecular pathways involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1536549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magneto-oncology: a radical pair primer.","authors":"P J Hore","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1539718","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1539718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are few well-established biophysical mechanisms by which external magnetic fields can influence the biochemistry of molecules in living systems. The radical pair mechanism is arguably the most promising. In this mini-review I summarize the characteristics of radical pairs in a way that may be useful to those engaged in the field of magneto-oncology. The intention is to help researchers decide whether an observed biomedical magnetic field effect could have its origin in radical pair biochemistry. Armed with a physically plausible interaction mechanism, it may be possible to devise and refine a theoretical model and thereby iteratively optimise therapeutic protocols. Such an approach may also help identify experimental artefacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1539718"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SMARCB1-deficient poorly differentiated testicular carcinoma: a case report.","authors":"Zhiying Wang, Zhixian Zhong, Yi Zhong, Cunya Li, Yun Li, Ling Xu, Shujuan Fu","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1554352","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1554352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, a 36-year-old male presented with left scrotal enlargement without an obvious cause, accompanied by a feeling of heaviness. Imaging examinations revealed a left testicular malignancy, the patient underwent left testicular mass removal,and the postoperative pathology results revealed a highly malignant germ cell tumor, with a tendency toward poorly differentiated embryonal carcinoma or seminoma. After surgery, the condition of the patient deteriorated rapidly, and distant tumor metastasis occurred. Lymph node puncture pathology results revealed poorly differentiated carcinoma consistent with SMARCB1/INI-1 deletion. Despite the use of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapy, the patient died 11 months after surgery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a SMARCB1/INI1-deficient Poorly differentiated testicular carcinoma, which is very similar to testicular spermatocytic carcinoma in clinical diagnosis and deserves differentiation for future clinical diagnoses.This report provides important insights into the diagnosis and treatment of SMARCB1/INI1-deficient testicular malignancy. SMARCB1 is a crucial tumor suppressor gene, and its deficiency is closely associated with the development of various malignant tumors. The identification of this case suggests that future research should further explore the molecular mechanisms of SMARCB1-deficient tumors, particularly their role in testicular malignancies. Additionally, the diagnostic process of this case highlights that SMARCB1/INI1-deficient tumors can be clinically very similar to spermatocytic carcinoma of the testis, which can easily lead to misdiagnosis. Therefore, future clinical practice should emphasize the detection of SMARCB1/INI1 expression status, especially in the context of highly aggressive and rapidly progressing testicular malignancies, where immunohistochemical testing for SMARCB1/INI1 should be considered to confirm the diagnosis. In terms of treatment, this case demonstrates the highly aggressive nature and resistance to conventional therapies of SMARCB1/INI1-deficient tumors. Despite the patient receiving multiple treatments, disease progression could not be halted. This underscores the need for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting SMARCB1/INI1-deficient tumors, such as combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies, or other emerging immunotherapeutic approaches. Moreover, the treatment course of this patient also reflects the importance of individualized treatment plans. Future research should further explore precision medicine strategies based on tumor genetic profiles to improve patient survival rates and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1554352"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}