Frontiers in Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Gold nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian and cervical cancers: a comprehensive understanding.","authors":"Senhui Zhang, Tong Li, Deshuo Jiang, Hengmei Shi, Huyang Hou, Ziyi Fu, Xiaoyan Shi","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1664340","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1664340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cervical and ovarian cancers pose a significant global threat to women's health. Despite substantial medical advances in recent decades, gynecological malignancies remain a leading cause of female mortality, constrained by factors such as multidrug resistance, treatment toxicity, asymptomatic presentation in early stages, and genetic heterogeneity. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), leveraging their exceptional biocompatibility and multifunctional capabilities, demonstrate considerable potential across diverse fields including bioimaging, liquid biopsy, photothermal therapy, and targeted chemotherapy, thereby advancing precision oncology. Accordingly, this review synthesizes and analyzes the emerging applications of AuNPs in gynecological tumors over the past five years. Moving beyond superficial descriptions of functional features often limited in previous reviews, it places greater emphasis on elucidating the intrinsic relationships and mechanisms between functions from the perspective of their physicochemical properties. It further highlights the critical importance of AuNPs for constructing integrated diagnostic and therapeutic platforms. Simultaneously, this review provides a balanced examination of the challenges hindering the clinical translation of AuNPs and offers insights and perspectives on addressing these issues. It is anticipated that AuNPs may evolve into highly effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1664340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Function value of basement membrane-related genes in odontogenic keratocyst by bioinformatics analysis.","authors":"Jing-Rui Yi, Nian-Nian Zhong, Xuan-Hao Liu, Zheng-Rui Zhu, Yi-Jia-Ning Zhang, Bing Liu, Qi-Wen Man","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1658125","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1658125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is an aggressive jaw lesion characterized by high recurrence rates. Disruption of the basement membrane (BM) may contribute to its pathogenesis, through the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Transcriptomic data from 12 non-syndromic OKC and 4 normal oral mucosa (NOM) samples (GSE38494) were analyzed to identify differentially expressed BM-related genes (BM DEGs). Bioinformatics approaches included differential expression analysis, functional enrichment (Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis), protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, immune infiltration assessment, and validation via single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq; GSE176351). Key findings were confirmed immunohistochemistry and by immunofluorescence in clinical specimens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 65 BM DEGs were identified, with secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich (SPARC) being the most significantly upregulated gene (P < 0.01). PPI and correlation analyses established SPARC as a hub gene, showing significant correlation with recognized OKC markers (PTCH1, GLI1, GLI2, KRT19; P < 0.05). ScRNA-seq localized elevated SPARC expression predominantly to stromal fibroblasts. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence confirmed significantly higher stromal SPARC expression in OKC versus NOM (P = 0.001). SPARC levels correlated with altered immune infiltration profiles, showing positive association with effector memory CD4+ T cells and negative association with memory B cells. Transcription factor and microRNA regulatory networks for SPARC were delineated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study establishes dysregulation f BMGs-particularly stromal fibroblast-specific SPARC overexpression-as a contributor to OKC pathogenesis. SPARC interacts with key OKC pathways (Hedgehog, NOTCH) and modulates the immune microenvironment. These findings provide foundational insights into OKC aggressiveness and propose SPARC as a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1658125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaginal epithelioid trophoblastic tumor mimicking vaginal fistula: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Dong-Mei Li, Xiu-Zhang Yu, Ming-Rong Qie, Rui-Qi Duan","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1593126","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1593126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor (ETT) is a rare variant of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. This article presents a case of vaginal ETT, initially misdiagnosed as vaginal carcinoma, in a patient with no history of gestational trophoblastic disease. The aim is to explore the clinical characteristics and diagnostic features of this condition.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 50-year-old woman presented with a 3-year history of vaginal pain. Following a vaginal fistula repair at an external hospital, a biopsy unexpectedly revealed vaginal carcinoma, prompting referral to our institution for further management. Pathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of extremely rare vaginal ETT, with immunohistochemistry showing characteristic marker positivity. Notably, the patient had no history of gestational trophoblastic disease, and serum Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) levels remained normal throughout. After diagnosis, the patient underwent total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and partial vaginectomy. Postoperative pathology confirmed the primary site to be the vagina, an unusual location for ETT. To further control the disease, the patient received 6 cycles of EMA-CO chemotherapy. Follow-up at 1 year showed no recurrence or metastasis, with stable disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ETT often present with nonspecific symptoms, which can lead to misdiagnosis. Vaginal delivery and induced abortion may be potential risk factors. Clinically, in patients presenting with vaginal pain, masses, or genital tract fistulas, the possibility of a trophoblastic tumor should be considered and thoroughly evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1593126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bronchoscopic intervention in the management of primary tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma with dyspnea.","authors":"Xiuxiu Wu, Xiaojian Qiu, Beibei Jin, Jinmu Niu, Yankun Jin, Xiaoning Bu, Juan Wang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1643239","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1643239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma (TACC) is a rare, slow-progressing malignant tumor whose airway obstruction frequently compromise survival. This study aimed to investigate the value of interventional bronchoscopy in TACC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of TACC patients treated between January 2006 and December 2024. 52 patients were stratified into two groups: the bronchoscopic intervention alone group (<i>n</i> = 25) and combined therapy group (<i>n</i> = 27). Kaplan-Meier methodology was employed to estimate median progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and survival rates. Prognostic factors were further evaluated using Cox proportional hazards model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of 52 TACC patients was 51.77 ± 14.40 years. Bronchoscopic intervention demonstrated significant reduction in mMRC score and Freitag grade (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Median PFS and OS were 20 months and 118 months, respectively. The 3-/5-/10-year OS were 80.00%, 69.12%, and 34.87%. The combined therapy group exhibited superior PFS compared to the bronchoscopic intervention alone group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Cox analysis identified combined therapy and stenosis degree as independent prognostic factors for PFS (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bronchoscopic intervention demonstrated significant efficacy in alleviating dyspnea and airway stenosis while sustaining long-term survival in TACC patients. Multimodal therapy showed potential advantages in delaying disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1643239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Refractory and relapsed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in pediatric population: targeted therapy.","authors":"Madalina Bota, Şefik Akyol","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1691878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1691878","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1691878"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: Correction: Heterotypic neutrophil-in-tumor structure: a novel pathological feature first discovered in the tissues of OPSCC.","authors":"","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1699160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1699160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1651340.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1699160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12464490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General Commentary: The letter to editor\" Immune-metabolic crosstalk in HNSCC: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities\".","authors":"Jiayi Chen","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1662713","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1662713","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1662713"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative outcomes of preoperative exercise training in patients with operable non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Cuifang Li, Haidan Meng, Ye Wei, Yugan Liang, Yangqian Xu, Xiaomeng Huang, Weiming Liang, Jieru Quan, Shanguang Wu, Xueyan Wei","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1563478","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1563478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This meta-analysis was designed to compare the outcomes of preoperative exercise training versus no preoperative exercise for lung cancer patients scheduled for lung resection.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Four databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and CENTRAL) were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing preoperative exercise training versus no preoperative exercise for lung cancer patients scheduled for lung resection. The primary outcomes were postoperative complications and postoperative length of hospital stay. The secondary outcomes included post-intervention pulmonary function, severe postoperative complications, postoperative 30-day mortality, postoperative duration of chest tube drainage, post-intervention dyspnea, and post-intervention health-related quality of life (HRQoL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16 RCTs with 1,022 individuals were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with no preoperative exercise, preoperative exercise training significantly reduced the postoperative complications (OR = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.24 to 0.46, P < 0.0001) and postoperative length of hospital stay (95%CI: -3.11 to -1.40, P < 0.0001). In addition, preoperative exercise training significantly improved forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁%) of predicted norm values (95%CI: 5.30 to 8.10, P < 0.0001), forced vital capacity (FVC%) of predicted norm values (95%CI: 1.90 to 4.23, P < 0.0001), peak expiratory flow (PEF) (95%CI: 12.44 to 60.93, P = 0.003), and peak oxygen uptake (VO_2peak) (95%CI: 2.41 to 4.17, P < 0.0001), while reducing severe postoperative complications (OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.21 to 0.56, P < 0.0001) and post-intervention dyspnea (95%CI: -0.61 to 0.04, P = 0.02). There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding FEV₁, FVC, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO), six-minute walk distance (6MWD), postoperative 30-day mortality, postoperative chest tube drainage time, and post-intervention HRQoL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This meta-analysis indicated that preoperative exercise training was effective for lung cancer patients scheduled for lung resection, potentially reducing postoperative complications and hospital stay duration, while improving post-intervention pulmonary function and exercise capacity.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024607156.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1563478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmasking recurrent melena as the initial presentation of metastatic prostate cancer: a case report.","authors":"Xiao Wang, Lixia Wang, Kaiqi Sun, Ying Gao, Lai Wei, Zhijun Duan","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1674548","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1674548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prostate cancer, a common malignancy in the male population, is typically characterized by urinary symptoms, such as urinary obstruction and frequency. This report presents a rare case of metastatic prostate cancer that initially manifested with recurrent melena.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 70-year-old man with recurrent melena was admitted to the hospital. Laboratory workups revealed significant pancytopenia, as well as highly elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations. However, both upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy found no abnormal bleeding lesions. Further positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) examination and pathological results from the bone marrow and prostate gland confirmed the diagnosis of prostate cancer and bone metastasis. After androgen deprivation therapy (goserelin) along with an androgen receptor antagonist (darolutamide), the patient's serum total PSA level declined drastically to 0.01ng/ml, accompanied by an improvement in pancytopenia. During follow-up, he reported significant symptomatic improvement, such as the cessation of melena.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When encountering male patients with recurrent melena as the initial presentation, clinicians should be vigilant about the possibility of metastatic prostate cancer. Moreover, a comprehensive evaluation based on multimodality evidence and multidisciplinary management can inform an individualized therapeutic plan for prostate cancer progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1674548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell RNA profiling of colorectal granular-type laterally spreading tumor uncovers progression trajectory toward carcinoma and transcriptional signatures favoring lateral morphogenesis.","authors":"Yueqing Gong, Yuxin Zhang, Xun Liu, Rongli Cui, Jingjing Lu, Jun Li, Fang Gu, Jing Zhang, Shigang Ding, Weiwei Fu","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1552841","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1552841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) are defined as non-protruding neoplasms exceeding 10 mm in diameter that grow primarily along the intestinal wall. The morphogenetic mechanisms and evolutionary trajectories of granular-type LSTs (LST-Gs) towards colorectal carcinoma remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we investigate the transcriptional features of LST-Gs using single-cell RNA sequencing technology by comparing them with protruded-type adenomas (PAs) and normal mucosal tissues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adenomatous LST-Gs harbor an epithelial cell population with metaplastic differentiation, which are almost absent in PAs. Cells with a high degree of differentiation in LST-G demonstrate enhanced immunogenicity and robust adhesion/junction interactions. Furthermore, LST-Gs show upregulated expression of molecular chaperones and metallothioneins compared to PAs, reflecting a more hostile microenvironment similar to that observed in carcinoma stages. These characteristics suggest that LST-G exhibits greater heterogeneity compared to the earliest colorectal adenomas, mirroring the progression from precancerous states to cancer. Notably, the Arp2/3 complex is significantly upregulated in highly differentiated LST-G cell populations, potentially facilitating cell migration along the basement membrane, which highlights the similarities in cell motility between adenomatous LST-G and normal mucosal epithelium as well as serrated polyps (SERs).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The differentiation state of cells within LST-G exhibits a close correlation with their diverse characteristics. Metaplastic differentiation, as a prominent feature at the transcriptional level, demonstrates significant associations with the genomic features, morphogenesis, and tumor progression of LST-G.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1552841"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}