Frontiers in Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among adults with cancer from NHANES 2005-2018: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Gangping Li, Yuewen Fu, Di Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1521099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1521099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence on the association between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in adults with cancer is limited.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to examine the relationship between NLR and all-cause and CVD mortality in adults with cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study included 2,639 cancer patients in the U.S. from the NHANES dataset (2005-2018), collecting demographic, laboratory, and mortality data. Multivariable Cox regression analysis, subgroup analysis and restricted cubic spline analyses assessed the associations between NLR and mortality outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 77 months, 713 (27.0%) deaths occurred, including 149 (5.6%) from CVD. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that a high NLR, treated as a continuous variable, was significantly correlated with increased all-cause mortality (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.05-1.12; p < 0.001) and CVD mortality (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05-1.19; p < 0.001). Meanwhile, when evaluating NLR as a categorical variable, the adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for NLR and all-cause mortality in quartiles Q2 (1.6-2.2), Q3 (2.2-3), and Q4 (>3) were 1.06 (95% CI: 0.83-1.34, p = 0.062), 1.12 (95% CI: 0.89-1.42, p = 0.334), and 1.30 (95% CI: 1.04-1.63, p = 0.021), respectively, when compared with individuals in the lower quartile Q1 (≤1.6). In terms of CVD mortality, the adjusted HR values for NLR in Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.50-1.69, p = 0.062), 1.24 (95% CI: 0.71-12.19, p = 0.334), and 1.76 (95% CI: 1.04-2.97, p = 0.034), respectively, compared to those in the lower NLR quartile Q1 (≤1.6). Subgroup analysis showed similar patterns (all p-values for interaction > 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated lower survival rates for individuals with higher NLR, and RCS analysis suggested a positive linear relationship between NLR and all-cause and CVD mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated NLR is linked to higher all-cause and CVD mortality risks among adults with cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1521099"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: The immunosuppressive microenvironment in pediatric cancers: applications and considerations in immunotherapy.","authors":"Jiaxiong Tan, Fei Gao, Ling Xu","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1582467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1582467","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1582467"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudouridine synthase 1 promotes progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via <i>mTOR</i> and <i>MYC</i> signaling pathways.","authors":"Li Chen, Yonghuang Tan, Weinan Li, Lunkai Huang, Kang Li, Zanjie Feng, Cijun Peng, Yong Mei","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1576651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1576651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudouridine synthases (PUSs) are associated with the development and progression of various cancers. However, the role of pseudouridine synthase 1 (PUS1) on HCC is unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the biological role and mechanism of PUS1 in HCC growth and progression. We identified the expression of PUS1 in HCC. The biological roles and downstream cell signaling pathways of PUS1 were explored to clarify the molecular mechanism of PUS1 in the growth and development of HCC. The results showed that the expression of PUS1 was correlated with HCC progression, metastasis, and poor survival. In addition, the knockdown of PUS1 dramatically inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation and promoted cell apoptosis. GSEA analysis revealed that c-MYC, DNA repair, and mTORC1 pathways were significantly enriched in patients with high PUS1 expression. An intersection of the PUS1-dependent Ψ modification genes and c-MYC or mTORC1 pathway genes was performed. The expression of a part of these genes changed after PUS1 knockdown. Meanwhile, the expression of c-MYC and mTOR were down-regulated after PUS1 knockdown, but the inhibitory effect of PUS1 on cell growth capacity was not enhanced after inhibiting c-MYC or mTOR pathways. In conclusion, PUS1 regulates the occurrence and development of HCC through c-MYC and mTOR-related signaling pathways. It could be a novel molecule for clinical diagnosis, progression surveillance, prognosis assessment and therapeutic target of HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1576651"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum of gynecologic malignancies in Northeastern Nigeria.","authors":"Dauda A Katagum, Uchenna S Ezenkwa, Sunday E Achanya, Aliyu I Lawan, Dauda E Suleiman, Mairo U Kadaura, Abba Kabir, Adamu I Adamu, Abubakar Kolomi Modu, Hadiza Usman, Sophia H L George, Matthew Schlumbrecht, Bala M Audu","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1420113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1420113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The burden of female genital tract cancers in low-and middle-income countries (LIMC) is not yet well investigated. Although available studies are few, they are mainly based on single institutions. Here, four-year multi-institutional data on gynecologic cancers in northeastern Nigeria were examined to determine their distribution by age and subtype.</p><p><strong>Patient and methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional descriptive study using available data on histologically diagnosed gynecologic cancers archived in the pathology departments and/or cancer registries of six tertiary hospitals in northeastern Nigeria over four years. Alongside tumor type (according to site), patient age and presenting complaints were also documented. Descriptive statistics were used to present categorical variables as proportions, while quantitative variables of age were presented as medians.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 863 gynecologic cancers were included in this study. The median age was 50 years (3 - 95 years) with a peak at 40 - 49 years. The uterine cervix was the most common site of cancer (66.6%, 575/863), while uterine corpus (15.5%, 134/863) and ovarian cancers (14.8%; 128/863) were nearly equal in proportion. Squamous cell cancer was the commonest histotype overall, while ovarian cancers had a preponderance of epithelial tumors in 67.9% (87/128) over sex cord stromal (12.5%; 16/128) and germ cell (9.4%, 12/128) tumors. The most common symptom was abnormal vaginal bleeding (38%) followed by abdominal swelling (21.1%) and foul-smelling vaginal discharge (14.1%). Population-based data also showed high parity among women in the region, ranging from 4 births to 7 births per woman in a reproductive lifetime (total fertility rate, TFR).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The spectrum of cancers of the female genital tract in this study mirrors the population demographics characterized by a high proportion of young women in their reproductive age. Efforts to reduce the burden of this disease are urgently warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1420113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for gastric pyloric obstruction.","authors":"Bo Hu, Yishan Zeng","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1430761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1430761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer and pyloric obstruction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy (LGJ) or endoscopic stenting (ES) between May 2017 and October 2022. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) was used to evaluate the patient nutritional status. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios were used to evaluate the inflammatory status of patients. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze survival conditions, and the log-rank test was used to compare survival differences. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors related that might affect the prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 41 patients received LGJ and 37 patients received endoscopic stenting (ES). Patients in the ES group had higher rates of postoperative complications, particularly bleeding (0 vs. 16.2%, P<0.05). After two cycles NACT, the proportion of PNI≥45 patients in LGJ group was significantly higher than that in ES group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the proportion of patients with PLR<162 in the ES group was significantly higher than that in the LGJ group (P<0.05), and compared to the ES group, patients in the LGJ group were able to tolerate more cycles of NACT (6 vs. 4 cycles). A higher median survival time was observed in the LGJ group, and the multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed treatment selection as an independent risk factor for overall survival (HR, 6.362; 95% CI:3.285-12.321, P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NACT after LGJ shows potential for reducing tumor stage and improving patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1430761"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malignant Wolffian adnexal tumor in the ovary: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Cheng Chi, Guoliang Li, Zian Zheng, Xiangyu Wang, Xiangyu Liu","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1526030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1526030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wolffian adnexal tumor (WAT) is a rare neoplasm originating from the remnants of the Wolffian duct (mesonephric duct). Malignant WAT occurring in the ovary is exceptionally uncommon. This article presents a case of malignant WAT in the ovary, analyzing and discussing its histological features, diagnostic challenges, biological behavior, and treatment options in conjunction with relevant literature to enhance our understanding of this rare tumor.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 64-year-old woman presented with an 8-month history of persistent abdominal pain and distension. An exploratory laparotomy revealed a small amount of pale-yellow ascites, a slightly atrophic uterus, and a left ovary without significant abnormalities. A solid mass measuring approximately 12 × 10 cm was observed between the left fallopian tube and ovary, displaying extensive dense adhesions to the posterior broad ligament and surrounding bowel. Frozen section pathology indicated a malignant tumor with necrotic areas suggestive of poorly differentiated carcinoma. The patient subsequently underwent a total hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy, omentectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and pelvic adhesion release. Adjuvant chemotherapy with four cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin (TC regimen) was administered, achieving normalization of tumor markers by the second cycle.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WAT is a rare entity within the spectrum of female reproductive system tumors, predominantly benign in nature. Due to its extremely low incidence, standardized treatment protocols remain elusive. Further research is warranted to establish effective management strategies and provide a reference for future cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1526030"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Integrating health-related quality of life in neuro-oncology.","authors":"Maria Teresa Pedro, Martina Messing-Jünger, Christine Jungk, Peter Hau, Carolin Weiss Lucas","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1573696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1573696","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1573696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lateral retroperitoneal approach for the treatment of a recumbent silkworm-like paravertebral schwannoma in the lumbar spine: a case report.","authors":"Lanming Su, Wei Liu, Yingying Zhang, Feng Li, Yuanqin Liu, Ziyu Wang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1544175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1544175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This case report describes the surgical management of a recumbent silkworm-like paravertebral schwannoma in the lumbar spine resected via the lateral retroperitoneal approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A lumbar paravertebral schwannoma resembling a \"recumbent silkworm\" was excised using the lateral retroperitoneal approach. Intraoperative measures included electrophysiological monitoring and insertion of a ureteral D-J stent to protect critical surrounding anatomical structures. Complete tumor resection was achieved without intraoperative complications. Follow-up demonstrated no tumor recurrence or postoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The duration of surgery was 310 min, with an estimated blood loss of 50mL. The tumor resection rate was 100%. The patient was discharged 11 days after hospitalization. Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. There were no postoperative complications. The patient ADL (Activities of Daily Living score did not decline compared with the preoperative levels. After one year of follow-up, no signs of tumor recurrence were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Paravertebral tumors located in the anterior and lateral aspects of the lumbar spine pose significant surgical challenges because of their complex position and morphology. Complete excision of such tumors via the lateral retroperitoneal approach is an optimal treatment strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1544175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anlotinib for the treatment of recurrent and refractory hemangioblastomas: a case report and review of literature.","authors":"Qing Tian, Chaofeng Zhou, Shifan Zhou, Sai Wang, Baorong Feng, Keke Zhang, Yu Zhang, Jieqiong Gao, Xiaoyan Mu, Zhizhong Guo","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1508226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1508226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemangioblastomas (HBs) are rare, highly vascular tumors that present significant treatment challenges, especially in cases of multiple recurrences. Here we present our experience treating one patient with recurrent and refractory HBs, aiming to provide preliminary data on the use of anlotinib in treating this disease. An 18-year-old woman with recurrent and refractory HBs, treated at the Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, achieved disease remission through oral anlotinib treatment after recurrence. After being diagnosed with HBs, the patient underwent multiple surgical treatments with some efficacy. After recurrence, additional surgery and radiotherapy were not feasible due to the presence of multiple tumor sites. Oral anlotinib (10mg, qd, q3w) resulted in disease remission and significantly improved the patient's quality of life. Anlotinib may be employed in the management of recurrent and refractory HBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1508226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a predictive model for the risk of endocervical curettage positivity.","authors":"Fang Feng, Hui-Hui Tuo, Jin-Meng Yao, Wei-Hong Wang, Feng-Lan Guo, Rui-Fang An","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1559087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1559087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients undergoing endocervical curettage (ECC), identify factors influencing ECC positivity, and develop a predictive model to assess the risk of positive ECC results. The goal was to assist clinicians in making ECC decisions and reduce missed diagnoses of cervical lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was performed on 953 patients who underwent colposcopically directed biopsy and ECC at the gynecology clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between October 2021 and September 2023 due to abnormal screening results. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictive factors for ECC positivity. An individualized prediction model for ECC positivity risk was developed using R Studio, and the model was subsequently evaluated and validated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 953 women, the ECC positive rate was 31.48% (300/953). Logistic regression analysis identified age (<i>P</i><0.001), human papillomavirus (HPV) status (<i>P</i><0.01), cytology results (<i>P</i><0.05), acetowhite changes (<i>P</i><0.01), Lugol staining (<i>P</i><0.01), and colposcopic impression (<i>P</i><0.01) as independent predictors of ECC positivity. These factors were incorporated into the prediction model for ECC positivity risk. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the model was 0.792 (95% CI:0.760-0.824). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test yielded a <i>χ²</i> value of 10.489 (<i>P</i>=0.2324), and the calibration and clinical decision curves demonstrated that the model exhibited satisfactory calibration and clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The clinical prediction model developed in this study demonstrated good discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility. It can be used to evaluate the risk of ECC positivity in patients undergoing colposcopy, reduce missed diagnoses of cervical lesions, and aid clinicians in making ECC decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1559087"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}