Frontiers in Oncology最新文献

{"title":"The impact of intraoperative neuromonitoring combined with evidence-based nursing on vocal cord function, emotional state, pain, and quality of Life in patients after total thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer: a comprehensive study.","authors":"Dandan Chen, Kun Shang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1611729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1611729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) combined with evidence-based nursing on vocal function, emotional status, pain levels, and quality of life (QoL) in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center randomized controlled trial was conducted. The intervention group received IONM with evidence-based nursing, while the control group underwent IONM with conventional nursing. Outcomes were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, EORTC QLQ-C30 for 1-month postoperative QoL, and Voice Handicap Index simplified Chinese version (VHI-10) combined with laryngoscopy for vocal recovery and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to controls, the intervention group exhibited significantly lower postoperative VHI-10 scores (5 (2, 8) vs 7 (4, 11), <i>P</i><0.001), reduced HADS anxiety scores (5 (2, 8) vs 10 (4, 12), <i>P</i><0.001), and lower 24-hour NRS pain scores (3 (1, 4) vs 4 (2.75, 4.25), <i>P</i><0.001). The intervention group also demonstrated marked improvements in QLQ-C30 global health status (83 (73.75, 86) vs 77 (72.75, 80), <i>P</i>=0.001), shorter operative duration (92.467 ± 16.916 vs 107.93 ± 24.26 min, <i>P</i><0.001), reduced intraoperative blood loss (16.5 (9.75, 24) vs 23.5 (11.75, 32) mL, <i>P</i>=0.005), and lower postoperative drainage (59 (30, 77.25) vs 82 (46.5, 110.25) mL, <i>P</i>=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The integration of IONM with evidence-based nursing significantly enhanced postoperative recovery and QoL in thyroid cancer patients. Future studies should prioritize larger cohorts, long-term follow-up, and comparisons across surgical techniques to strengthen clinical recommendations. This multimodal approach demonstrates significant potential for optimizing patient-centered outcomes in thyroid surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1611729"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application value of dual-sequence MRI based nomogram of radiomics and morphologic features in predicting tumor differentiation degree and lymph node metastasis of Oral squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Bozhong Zheng, Baoting Yu, Xuewei Zheng, Xiaolong Qu, Tong Li, Yun Zhang, Jun Ding","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1588358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1588358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a highly invasive tumor. The degree of histological differentiation and lymph node metastasis are important factors in the treatment and prognosis of patients. There is a lack of non-invasive and accurate preoperative risk prediction model in the existing clinical work.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to develop and validate a combined model including MRI radiomics and morphological analysis to predict lymph node metastasis and degree of tumor differentiation prior to surgical intervention for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively included 119 patients which were divided into a training cohort (n=83) and a validation cohort (n=36). To predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) and degree of tumor differentiation, both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify significant features and develop morphological prediction models. Radiomics features were extracted from T2-FS and DWI sequences, followed by feature selection and the establishment of Rad-scores using the LASSO method. Two nomograms was constructed by integrating MRI morphological features with radiomics features. The performance of the models was assessed using the AUC and the Delong test. Calibration curves and DCA were employed to further evaluate the models' practical applicability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine radiomics features were selected to develop the Rad-scores. The morphological features for predicting LNM are depth of invasion and tumor thickness. The morphological features for predicting the degree of tumor differentiation are ADC value and intratumoral necrosis.In the validation cohort, the nomogram for predicting LNM achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.84, 0.97), while the nomogram for tumor grade prediction achieved an AUC of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.98), demonstrating excellent diagnostic performance. Calibration curve and decision curve further confirmed the accuracy of nomograms prediction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nomograms derived from MRI radiomics and morphological characteristics offer a noninvasive and precise method for predicting degree of tumor differentiation and LNM in OSCC preoperatively. The combined model is an accurate risk prediction model with good clinical benefits and prediction accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1588358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced response to dabrafenib plus trametinib in a patient with <i>BRAF</i> ^V600E lung cancer harboring an <i>RNF43</i> variant of unknown significance: a case report.","authors":"Ettore D'Argento, Antonio Vitale, Jacopo Russo, Angelo Minucci, Alessandra Cancellieri, Alessio Stefani, Federico Monaca, Guido Horn, Denis Occhipinti, Paola Troisi, Alessandro Scala, Sara Polidori, Francesco D'Argento, Mariantonietta Di Salvatore, Emilio Bria, Giampaolo Tortora","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1600457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1600457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Literature evidence reports that <i>RNF43</i> (ring finger protein 43) gene mutations could serve as predictive biomarkers of response to certain anti-cancer therapies. To delve deeper into the specific role of <i>RNF43</i> mutations in lung cancer and their relevance to therapy response, we provide the first report of marked efficacy of the dabrafenib and trametinib therapeutic combination in a patient with microsatellite-stable (MSS) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with <i>BRAF^V600</i> and <i>RNF43</i> mutations.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>An 85-year-old patient was diagnosed with NSCLC with the presence of MSS, <i>BRAF</i> ^V600E and <i>RNF43</i> mutations. The patient started the combination treatment with dabrafenib and trametinib, soon reporting an overall clinical benefit. A contrast-enhanced cranio-thorax-abdomen CT scan performed after 1 month of therapy reported a sharp reduction in lung cancer and hilo-mediastinal lymphadenomegaly; the central colliquation of the left adrenal metastasis was also reported. After 9 months of therapy, the cranio-thorax-abdomen CT scan with contrast medium confirmed the reduction of the adenocarcinoma, with residual scarring component; the right adrenal lesion was not visible, and the contralateral lesion was stable. At the last follow-up (February 2024), the global clinical condition of the patient was good; she was autonomous, and oxygen therapy was not necessary.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our clinical case represents the first report of marked efficacy of the dabrafenib-trametinib combination reported in an 85-year-old patient diagnosed with NSCLC with the presence of MSS, <i>BRAF</i> ^V600E and <i>RNF43</i> mutations. This supports the hypothesis on the relevance of <i>RNF43</i> mutations in predicting the clinical benefit of targeted therapies and in modulating the anti-tumor activity of anti-BRAF therapies, suggesting that <i>RNF43</i> mutations represent a promising biomarker that warrants further validation for its potential to help prioritize therapy combinations in selected lung cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1600457"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Use of Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Decoction to relieve partial intestinal obstruction and enable surgical treatment in primary duodenal adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Ziyao Li, Jiahang Li, Boyang Li, Yingying Sun, Changcheng Wang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1581949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1581949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary duodenal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is rare and highly invasive malignancies. The onset of the disease is insidious. Patients are often diagnosed when digestive obstruction occurred, leading to poor nutritional status and reduced tolerance for surgical trauma. Additionally, patients commonly experience fluid depletion and gastric drying, which is recognized as a pattern of gastric dryness and fluid injury. This article presents a successful case treated with the modified Decoction for Regulating the Stomach and Resolving Phlegm Formula combined with partial duodenectomy, summarizes both Chinese and Western medical diagnostic and treatment strategies for this disease, and provides valuable clinical experience in treating it.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1581949"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased accrual of diverse patient populations in oncology phase I clinical trials at the University of Colorado Cancer Center.","authors":"Ahmed Alsafar, Sama L Kareem, Bradley R Corr, Christopher H Lieu, Breelyn Wilky, S Lindsey Davis, D Ross Camidge, Antonio Jimeno, Wells A Messersmith, Andrew Nicklawsky, Daniel Pacheco, Evelinn A Borrayo, Jessica D McDermott, Jennifer R Diamond","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1546500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1546500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disparities in cancer outcomes persist between racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups. One potential cause is lack of appropriate representation in dose-finding clinical trials. We investigated the extent of disparities in phase I clinical trials and recent changes in the setting of institutional efforts to mitigate disparities, legislative interventions, FDA guidance for sponsors and the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective review of patients enrolled in phase I clinical trials at the University of Colorado Cancer Center in 2018-2019 and 2022-2023. We collected demographics, area deprivation index (ADI), tumor type and other clinical variables. Differences between cohorts were evaluated with t-tests, chi-Square test, or Fisher exact test. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Hazard ratios (HR), confidence intervals (CI) and p-values were derived using the Cox-proportional hazards method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 361 patients were included (209 and 152 in the 2018-2019 and 2022-2023 cohorts, respectively). The population consisted of 85.0% White, 3.3% Asian, 1.4% Black, 0.3% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander and no American Indian/Alaskan Native (AIAN) patients by race, and 9.1% Hispanic by ethnicity. The most common tumor type was colorectal cancer (18.3%). Compared to 2018-2019, we observed increases in non-English speakers from 1.9% (4/209) to 6.6% (10/152) (p = 0.028) and in translated informed consent forms (ICFs) from 1.4% (3/209) to 5.9% (9/152) (p = 0.033) in 2022-2023. There were no significant changes in race, ethnicity, insurance, or tumor type, although there was a moderate increase in Hispanic patients from 8.1% to 10.5%. There were no differences in clinical outcomes by race, ethnicity, or ADI scores in the overall study population. However, in the most common cancer type, colorectal cancer, higher ADI scores were associated with decreased median PFS and OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The interventions resulted in an increase in accrual of non-English speaking patients, however, there was not yet a significant change in overall race and ethnicity. Our study confirms poorer outcomes for patients with higher ADI scores. Further research is warranted to understand disparities in clinical trial accrual, and intervention is needed to improve outcomes for disadvantaged patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1546500"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of pancreatic cancer liver metastasis research: global trends, collaborations, and emerging research hotspots.","authors":"Yingjie Huang, Zhijie Yin, Wei Han","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1546400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1546400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic cancer liver metastasis (PCLM) is a critical condition characterized by the spread of pancreatic cancer to the liver, significantly contributing to cancer-related mortality. The importance of understanding the epidemiology and research trends in PCLM cannot be overstated, as it impacts the development of effective treatment strategies and patient care in oncology.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study provides a comprehensive epidemiological and bibliometric analysis of PCLM research. Advanced visualization tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package \"bibliometrix\" were utilized to analyze the literature. A total of 3,941 publications were identified, covering a 15-year period from 2010 to 2024. The methodology included the identification of publication trends, country and institutional contributions, leading journals, and keyword co-occurrence analysis to uncover research hotspots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The annual publication counts exhibited an upward trend, peaking at 384 in 2024, indicating a growing interest in PCLM research. The research included contributions from 90 countries and 4386 institutions, with China and the United States being the most prolific. The journal <i>Cancers</i> was identified as the most frequent publisher in this field. Keyword co-occurrence analysis revealed \"cancer\" and \"pancreatic cancer\" as key research hotspots, with a focus on prognostic factors and therapeutic strategies. The study also highlighted the importance of international collaboration and identified key contributors in the field.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study reveal the significant increase in PCLM research output, emphasizing the need for continued investigation and collaboration to improve treatment outcomes and patient care. While the study is limited by its reliance on bibliometric data without experimental validation, it nonetheless provides valuable insights into publication trends and emerging research themes in PCLM. The results underscore the importance of further research to enhance our understanding of this challenging area of oncology and to guide future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1546400"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Heterotypic neutrophil-in-tumor structure: a novel pathological feature first discovered in the tissues of OPSCC.","authors":"Jie Fan, Peng Li, Qigen Fang, Yang Yang, He Zhang, Wei Du, Shanting Liu, Ruihua Luo","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1651340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1651340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.807597.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1651340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12305695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High cGAS-STING expression associates with improved efficacy of neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Miao Wang, Menglin Shi, Yiming Ding, Zishanbai Zhang, Yuze Ge, Zhixin Li, Yixin Jing, Honglian Hu, Xiaohong Chen","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1584061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1584061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy (NACI) has demonstrated significant clinical advantages in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), while clinical responses vary in different patients. This study investigated the correlation between the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS, <i>CGAS</i>) and the stimulator of interferon genes (STING, <i>STING1</i>) expressions and the efficacy of NACI in HNSCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The correlation between <i>CGAS</i> and <i>STING1</i> expressions and chemotherapy/immunotherapy drug sensitivity was analyzed using the GDSC and TCIA dataset. The study enrolled 38 HNSCC patients receiving NACI, with protein expressions of cGAS and STING evaluated via immunohistochemistry. The T cell abundance and tumor-T cell interactions in different <i>CGAS</i> and <i>STING1</i> expression groups were analyzed using bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data from open databases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mRNA expressions of <i>CGAS</i> and <i>STING1</i> were negatively correlated with the IC50 of docetaxel and positively correlated with the efficacy of anti-PD-1 treatment (p<0.05). In the real-world cohort, cGAS and STING expressions were both positively related to NACI efficacy (p<0.05). The mRNA expressions of <i>CGAS</i> and <i>STING1</i> were positively correlated with the abundance of Act-CD4 (<i>CGAS</i>: rho=0.416, p<2.21e-16; <i>STING1</i>: rho=0.26, p=1.82e-09), Act-CD8 (<i>CGAS</i>: rho=0.089, p=0.0425; <i>STING1</i>: rho=0.303, p=1.98e-12), NKT cell (<i>CGAS</i>: rho=0.255, p=0.3.78e-09; <i>STING1</i>: rho=0.375, p=2.2e-6). Tumor cells with increased expression of <i>CGAS</i> or <i>STING1</i> showed enhanced interactions with T cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirms the positive correlation between cGAS and STING expressions and NACI efficacy, suggesting their role in immune activation and potential as biomarkers for predicting NACI efficacy in HNSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1584061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological and immunohistochemical approaches to molecular subtyping in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.","authors":"Giulio Attanasio, Maria Failla, Simone Poidomani, Tindaro Buzzanca, Serena Salzano, Maurizio Zizzo, Andrea Palicelli, Magda Zanelli, Nektarios Koufopoulos, Giorgio Ivan Russo, Rosario Caltabiano, Giuseppe Broggi","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1546160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1546160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive form of bladder cancer, representing 20-25% of all bladder cancer cases. Characterized by invasion into the detrusor muscle, MIBC often leads to high rates of metastasis and poor outcomes, with five-year survival rates below 50% for localized disease and less than 15% for metastatic cases. MIBC primarily affects older adults, especially men, with smoking and chemical exposure being the leading risk factors. Clinically, MIBC presents significant heterogeneity, both histologically and molecularly, making diagnosis and management challenging. Histological variants of MIBC, such as squamous, micropapillary, plasmacytoid, and neuroendocrine subtypes, are associated with distinct prognoses and variable treatment responses. Recent advances in genomic profiling have identified molecular subtypes of MIBC-luminal, basal/squamous, neuronal, and stroma-rich-each with unique biological characteristics and treatment sensitivities. Despite these advancements, the widespread adoption of molecular profiling is hindered by the high costs and limited availability of these technologies, particularly in resource-limited settings. As a result, there is an increasing need for alternative, more accessible diagnostic methods to predict molecular subtypes. In this context, histological examination combined with immunohistochemical markers, such as GATA3, KRT5/6, and p63, has been shown to reliably correlate with molecular subtypes and guide therapeutic decisions. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of how histology, immunohistochemistry and molecular subtyping can be integrated into routine clinical practice to inform treatment strategies for MIBC, providing a pathway toward more personalized and effective management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1546160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-morbid diabetes mellitus in cancer patients undergoing treatment: a case series and perspective.","authors":"Aisiri H U V, Maanas R Rao, Vinod K Ramani, Radheshyam Naik","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1615491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1615491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is frequently diagnosed among cancer patients on treatment, which suggests a concomitant underlying mechanism. DM is found among 8 to 18% of cancer patients. The initiation of cancer treatment is linked with the onset of diabetes. This study aims to assess the variation in blood glucose levels of cancer patients during the course of their treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital record based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2024 to January 2025, among 50 cancer patients on treatment at Sammprada cancer hospital, Bangalore, India. From the initial 50 cancer patients, a series of 11 cases with large variation in blood glucose levels were included in the study. These include new onset or old cases of diabetes, with blood glucose levels measured across 6 timeframes during the course of cancer treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the initial 50 patients, the measure of central tendency seemed regressed to the mean. Hence, the design of study was changed from cross-sectional to a case series. For the series of 11 patients all of whom had advanced stage cancer, 5 patients (2 males, 3 females) had history of diabetes and 2 female patients were incident cases of diabetes (1 each in endocrine and cervical cancer). Also, the treatment for diabetes was revised or newly initiated for a total of 5 patients (4 females, 1 male).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among the 11 cancer patients, 5 had history of DM and 2 were incident cases of DM. Healthcare providers should regularly screen the levels of blood glucose during the continuum of cancer care and monitor the change in trend.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1615491"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}