Frontiers in Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing glioblastoma therapy: unveiling synergistic anticancer effects of Onalespib - radiotherapy combination therapy.","authors":"Julia Uffenorde, Mehran Hariri, Eleftherios Papalanis, Annika Staffas, Josefine Berg, Bo Stenerlöw, Hanna Berglund, Christer Malmberg, Diana Spiegelberg","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1451156","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1451156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest form of brain cancer, impacting both adults and children, marked by exceptionally high morbidity and mortality rates, even with current standard treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Therefore, there is a pressing need for new therapeutic strategies to improve survival and reduce treatment side effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of HSP90 inhibition in combination with radiotherapy in established and patient-derived glioblastoma cell lines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Potential radiosensitizing effects of the HSP90 inhibitor Onalespib were studied in XTT and clonogenic survival assays as well as in tumor-mimicking multicellular spheroid models. Further, migration capacity and effects on protein expression were studied after exposure to Onalespib and radiation using Proximity Extension Assay analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HSP90 inhibition with Onalespib synergistically enhanced the radiosensitivity of glioblastoma cells grown in 2D and 3D models, resulting in increased cell death, reduced migration capacity and activation of the apoptotic signaling pathway. The proteomic analysis of glioblastoma cells treated with Onalespib, radiation, and their combination revealed significant alterations in protein expression profiles, involved in growth signaling, immune modulation pathways and angiogenesis. Moreover, the combination treatment indicated potential for enhancing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, suggesting promising anti-tumor effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that HSP90 inhibition may be a promising strategy to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy in the treatment of GBM, potentially leading to improved outcomes for patients battling this challenging disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1451156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report: Pseudoprogression mimicking neoplastic recurrence three months after completion of proton beam therapy for an IDH-mutant astrocytoma CNS WHO grade 3.","authors":"Liv Cathrine Heggebø, Ida Maria Henriksen Borgen, Hanne Blakstad, Cathrine Saxhaug, Pål André Rønning, Pitt Frederik Niehusmann, Katja Werlenius, Malin Blomstrand, Petter Brandal","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1397912","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1397912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiation-induced changes following proton beam therapy in isocitrate dehydrogenase (<i>IDH</i>)-mutated diffuse central nervous system (CNS) World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2 and 3 gliomas are not well characterized. We present a patient with an <i>IDH</i>-mutant astrocytoma CNS WHO grade 3 treated with proton beam therapy and with postradiation MRI changes suggestive of neoplastic progression that surprisingly turned out to be reactive.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A man in his twenties underwent surgery with a near gross total resection for what turned out to be an <i>IDH</i>-mutant astrocytoma CNS WHO grade 3. He was included in the PRO-GLIO trial and randomized to receive proton beam therapy to a total dose of 59.4 Gray (Gy) relative biological effectiveness (RBE). Four weeks after completion of radiotherapy, adjuvant temozolomide was commenced. All treatment was well tolerated, and the patient was in excellent general condition. Surprisingly, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination three months after completion of radiotherapy showed what was highly suggestive of a distant recurrence. The patient underwent resective surgery about seven months after his first surgery. Histological examination showed inflammatory changes without neoplastic tissue, albeit not very typical for postradiation changes. Adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide was continued.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presented case clearly shows that caution must be taken when interpreting cerebral MRI changes postradiation, and in particular after proton therapy. Further understanding of this subject is crucial to distinguish between patients requiring intensified antineoplastic treatment and those for whom maintaining current therapy or ongoing watchful waiting is advisable.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1397912"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic determinants and functional role of PIK3C2G in stage IIb-IIIa lung adenocarcinoma: insights from clinical and molecular analyses.","authors":"Chao Gao, Jiaqi Zhang, Xin Du, Xuehan Gao, Xiayao Diao, Ke Zhao, Yeye Chen, Shanqing Li","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1473437","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1473437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the prognostic factors for stage IIb and IIIa lung adenocarcinoma following radical surgery and to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying these prognostic markers, focusing on the role of PIK3C2G.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of patients with stage IIb or IIIa lung adenocarcinoma who underwent radical surgery between January 2017 and June 2023 was conducted. Baseline clinical and pathological data, surgical methods, and postoperative treatments were analyzed to assess overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to identify prognostic factors. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on a subset of the patients with preserved tumor tissues and no matched targeted therapies to identify high-frequency mutated genes. Functional experiments in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells were performed to evaluate the role of the significant genes in tumor progression through cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survival analysis of 877 stage IIb and IIIa lung adenocarcinoma cases revealed significant differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes. Stage IIb patients had a median OS of 58 months compared to 37 months for stage IIIa, with 5-year OS rates of 46.9% and 30.5%, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression identified pathological stage, number of positive lymph nodes, age, and targeted therapy as independent prognostic factors. WES of 184 patients with no matched targeted therapies revealed high-frequency mutations in genes such as TP53 and PIK3C2G, with the latter emerging as the most significant prognostic marker. Functional assays demonstrated that the knockdown of PIK3C2G in A549 cells significantly reduced proliferation, migration and invasion while promoting apoptosis and disrupting cell cycle progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PIK3C2G was identified as a significant prognostic marker in stage IIb and IIIa lung adenocarcinoma, with functional data supporting its therapeutic potential. Taken together, this study integrates clinical and molecular findings, which could be used as a reference to guide personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1473437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report of the first use of a hydrogel rectal spacer for prostate cancer reirradiation via LDR brachytherapy: applications and technical notes.","authors":"Amina Lazrek, Sebastiano Finocchi Ghersi, Adeline Petre, Sarah Houabes, Anne-Agathe Serre, Frederic Gassa, Magali Sandt, Cecile Laude, Camille Roukoz, Salvatore Cozzi","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1494304","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1494304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prostate cancer remains a prevalent malignancy among men, often necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies for effective management of recurrent cases. This article examines the critical role of a biodegradable hydrogel spacer, which creates a temporary interspace between the prostate and the rectum, thus reducing radiation exposure to healthy tissues.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We present a case of a man with a history of intermediate-risk prostate adenocarcinoma initially treated with external beam radiotherapy in 2015. Despite initial remission, the patient experienced a rise in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels indicative of local recurrence in 2022. Salvage treatment with iodine-125 brachytherapy, preceded by the placement of a rectal spacer in January 2024, resulted in a significant reduction of PSA levels. The patient remains asymptomatic with no urinary or gastrointestinal complications 6 months after the salvage treatment.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This case illustrates the complexities in managing recurrent prostate cancer and the evolving role of reirradiation strategies. Salvage iodine-125 brachytherapy with the placement of a rectal spacer provided precise radiation delivery while minimizing rectal toxicities. The significant biochemical response observed underscores the efficacy of this approach in controlling disease progression. The rectal spacer enhances treatment safety by reducing radiation exposure to adjacent tissues, highlighting its importance in reirradiation protocols. This case contributes to the growing evidence supporting the rectal spacer's role in enhancing the safety and efficacy of salvage brachytherapy for recurrent prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our experience advocates for the integration of a hydrogel rectal spacer as a valuable tool in prostate cancer reirradiation protocols, offering a strategic approach to optimize treatment safety by minimizing rectal toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1494304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daratumumab treatment for kidney-involved light chain deposition disease prevents renal function progression: a case report with 3 years of follow-up and review of the literature.","authors":"Xueying Chen, Jie Sun, Pingyan Shen, Zijin Chen, Wen Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1466323","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1466323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Light chain deposition disease (LCDD) is a clonal plasma cell disorder characterized by the deposition of nonamyloid monoclonal light chains in multiple organs. It can affect various systems throughout the body, mainly the kidneys. Symptoms may include renal insufficiency, proteinuria, hematuria, and others. Due to the lack of effective treatment, LCDD patients with kidney involvement often progress to chronic kidney failure, ultimately requiring renal replacement therapy. Daratumumab, an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, is primarily used for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. Recent studies have shown that daratumumab also has an encouraging effect on light-chain amyloidosis. Here, we report the case of an LCDD (κ chain) patient with proteinuria, renal insufficiency, and anemia who was followed up for 3 years, during which he received daratumumab treatment. After the daratumumab treatment, the hematologic response continued progressing to a complete response without any adverse effects and continuous renal function improvement at a low serum free light chain (sFLC) level. This case shows that daratumumab is effective at treating LCDD. For LCDD patients with kidney involvement, frequent monitoring and active control of free light chain levels are necessary, as reaching the lowest sFLC of < 20 mg/L may help to improve kidney function.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1466323"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding cellular proliferation activity in breast cancer using multi-compartment model of transverse relaxation time mapping on 3T MRI.","authors":"Kangwa Alex Nkonde, Sai Man Cheung, Nicholas Senn, Jiabao He","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1482112","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1482112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Precise understanding of proliferative activity in breast cancer holds significant value in the monitoring of neoadjuvant treatment, while current immunostaining of Ki-67 from biopsy or resected tumour suffers from partial sampling error. Multi-compartment model of transverse relaxation time has been proposed to differentiate intra- and extra-cellular space and biochemical environment but susceptible to noise, with recent development of Bayesian algorithm suggested to improve robustness. We hence hypothesise that intra- and extra-cellular transverse relaxation times using Bayesian algorithm might be sensitive to proliferative activity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty whole tumour specimens freshly excised from patients with invasive ductal carcinoma were scanned on a 3 T clinical scanner. The overall transverse relaxation time was computed using a single-compartment model with the non-linear least squares algorithm, while intra- and extra-cellular transverse relaxation times were computed using a multi-compartment model with the Bayesian algorithm. Immunostaining of Ki-67 was conducted, yielding 9 and 11 cases with high and low proliferating activities respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For single-compartment model, there was a significant higher overall transverse relaxation time (<i>p</i> = 0.031) in high (83.55 ± 7.38 ms) against low (73.30 ± 11.30 ms) proliferating tumours. For multi-compartment model, there was a significant higher intra-cellular transverse relaxation time (<i>p</i> = 0.047) in high (73.52 ± 10.92 ms) against low (61.30 ± 14.01 ms) proliferating tumours. There was no significant difference in extra-cellular transverse relaxation time (<i>p</i> = 0.203) between high and low proliferating tumours.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall and Bayesian intra-cellular transverse relaxation times are associated with proliferative activities in breast tumours, potentially serving as a non-invasive imaging marker for neoadjuvant treatment monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1482112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the pathogenesis of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma: the \"omics\" era.","authors":"Alberto Barchi, Giuseppe Dell'Anna, Luca Massimino, Francesco Vito Mandarino, Edoardo Vespa, Edi Viale, Sandro Passaretti, Vito Annese, Alberto Malesci, Silvio Danese, Federica Ungaro","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1458138","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1458138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Barrett's esophagus (BE) represents a pre-cancerous condition that is characterized by the metaplastic conversion of the squamous esophageal epithelium to a columnar intestinal-like phenotype. BE is the consequence of chronic reflux disease and has a potential progression burden to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The pathogenesis of BE and EAC has been extensively studied but not completely understood, and it is based on two main hypotheses: \"transdifferentiation\" and \"transcommitment\". Omics technologies, thanks to the potentiality of managing huge amounts of genetic and epigenetic data, sequencing the whole genome, have revolutionized the understanding of BE carcinogenesis, paving the way for biomarker development helpful in early diagnosis and risk progression assessment. Genomics and transcriptomics studies, implemented with the most advanced bioinformatics technologies, have brought to light many new risk loci and genomic alterations connected to BE and its progression to EAC, further exploring the complex pathogenesis of the disease. Early mutations of the TP53 gene, together with late aberrations of other oncosuppressor genes (SMAD4 or CKND2A), represent a genetic driving force behind BE. Genomic instability, nonetheless, is the central core of the disease. The implementation of transcriptomic and proteomic analysis, even at the single-cell level, has widened the horizons, complementing the genomic alterations with their transcriptional and translational bond. Increasing interest has been gathered around small circulating genetic traces (circulating-free DNA and micro-RNAs) with a potential role as blood biomarkers. Epigenetic alterations (such as hyper or hypo-methylation) play a meaningful role in esophageal carcinogenesis as well as the study of the tumor micro-environment, which has led to the development of novel immunological therapeutic options. Finally, the esophageal microbiome could be the protagonist to be investigated, deepening our understanding of the subtle association between the host microbiota and tumor development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1458138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoadjuvant programmed death ligand-1 with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective study.","authors":"Zhi Yang, Yan-Qing Wang, Xiujun Chang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1470445","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1470445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary background: </strong>Our objective was to investigated the safety and feasibility of neoadjuvant treatment with PD(L)1 inhibitors and chemotherapy followed by surgery for resectable SCLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective cohort study, we included patients with limited-stage SCLC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (with/without)ICI at Beijing Chest Hospital (Beijing, China) between July 2020 and December 2021. Seventeen patients with LD-SCLC were enrolled in the study. Two groups were assigned for further statistical analysis: neoadjuvant chemotherapy (group C), in which only preoperative chemotherapy was administered; and neoadjuvant ICI (group I), in which surgery was combined with both preoperative ICI and chemotherapy. Patient demographics, radiological and pathological evaluations of tumor response, surgical information, toxicity profiles, tumor marker and follow-up results of both groups were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>17 patients were included in this retrospective study, of which, 11 patients received ICI and chemotherapy-containing regimens and 6 patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy only. Herein, we firstly reported that neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 blockade plus chemotherapy led to a pCR rate of 45.5% in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer. The MPR rate of 72.7% due to treatment with neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 blockade plus chemotherapy group (group I) was significantly higher than those in the traditional neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (16.7%)(group C). We first found that ProGRP is a good the evaluation indicator for neoadjuvant immunotherapy in small cell lung cancer and found that the ProGRP levels decreased significantly in both group after neoadjuvant therapy, and it was more obvious in group I(P=0.003).All Of the 17 patients (100.0%) had R0 resection. There were no perioperative deaths.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neoadjuvant immunotherapy shows lower toxicity and fewer perioperative complications. ICI combined chemotherapy can achieve more pathological relief and clinical benefits in the neoadjuvant treatment of LS-SCLC without increased irAE and perioperative complications. However, the small sample size limits the reliability of the research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1470445"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triptolide suppresses IL-1β-induced expression of interleukin-8 by inhibiting ROS-Mediated ERK, AP-1, and NF-κB molecules in human gastric cancer AGS cells.","authors":"Shinan Li, Dhiraj Kumar Sah, Archana Arjunan, Mohamed Yazeer Ameer, Bora Lee, Young-Do Jung","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1498213","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1498213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triptolide, the major component of Chinese herbal medicine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, possesses potent anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. IL-8, a proinflammatory cytokine, is associated with cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Here, we found that Triptolide has an inhibitory effect on IL-1β-induced IL-8 expression in human gastric cancer cells, via the suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, AP-1, and NF-κB activation, which in turn affects human endothelial cell angiogenetic activity in tumor microenvironments. Human gastric AGS cells were treated with IL-1β (10 ng/mL) and Triptolide (0-20 nM), and the ROS generation, ERK, AP-1, and NF-κB signaling were all investigated. These results demonstrate that Triptolide inhibits the IL-1β-induced IL-8 expression in gastric cancer cells by inhibiting ROS production and angiogenesis, via the dose-dependent attenuation of ERK, AP-1, and NF-κB activation. In this study, we showed that Triptolid inhibits ROS/ERK-mediated AP-1 and ROS-mediated NF-κB axes potentially leading to an improved treatment outcome for gastric cancer and its associated tumor microenvironment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1498213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diffuse panbronchiolitis as a rare complication of thymectomy and radiation therapy in a patient with thymoma: a case report.","authors":"Ye Lu, Qi Qi, Dan Qu, Yu Chen","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1496693","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1496693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is an uncommon respiratory disorder characterized by the presence of respiratory bronchiolitis and persistent inflammation in adjacent tissues, which can be effectively treated with early diagnosis and intervention. DPB is a rare complication associated with thymoma that remains poorly understood, especially when it occurs in conjunction with acquired cellular immune deficiency.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present a case of DPB in a patient with thymoma following thymectomy and radiation therapy. A 47-year-old Chinese man underwent thymectomy due to the presence of a mediastinal mass, and pathological examination confirmed a type B2 thymoma. He also underwent 25 sessions of radiation therapy. The patient's respiratory symptoms, including cough, expectoration, and shortness of breath, worsened significantly after radiation treatment. Immune dysfunction, marked by CD4+ T cell immunodeficiency with normal immunoglobulin levels, was observed. Chest computed tomography revealed diffuse nodules with tree-in-bud signs and new consolidation within the irradiated area, leading to a diagnosis of combined DPB and radiation pneumonitis. The patient's symptoms and lung imaging findings significantly improved after the initiation of low-dose oral azithromycin for DPB and low-dose glucocorticoid therapy for radiation pneumonitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinicians should consider DPB in patients with thymoma and cellular immunodeficiency. Both thymectomy and radiation therapy can contribute to the development of DPB. Early treatment with macrolides can improve patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1496693"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}