Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Imaging flow cytometry: from high - resolution morphological imaging to innovation in high - throughput multidimensional biomedical analysis.","authors":"Qing Huang, Zhengyu Zhou, Qiao Lv, Qian Min, Lu Jiang, Qian Chen, Jin Peng, Hongli Zhou, Ju Zhou, Qian Dai, Jianyun Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1580749","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1580749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Imaging flow cytometry (IFC), as an extension of conventional flow cytometry, has emerged as a cutting-edge cellular analysis tool by integrating high-resolution imaging technology, and has shown significant potential and application value in biomedical research. In this paper, we comprehensively review the evolution of IFC from its early theoretical development to its current mature application, and explain its working principle, unique advantages, and the current status of its application in several biomedical fields. The paper focuses on how IFC integrates high-throughput and morphological imaging, highlighting its key role in cell biology, immunology, oncology, and environmental monitoring. Furthermore, the paper addresses the challenges and opportunities in data analysis, and proposes the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning technologies to drive its progress. The paper concludes with an outlook on the future of IFC, predicting its application in emerging research areas and emphasizing the role of continuous technological innovation in driving the development of the field. It aims to provide researchers with a comprehensive view of IFC to promote its widespread application in biomedical research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1580749"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural bioactive compounds modified with mesenchymal stem cells: new hope for regenerative medicine.","authors":"Jingjing Wu, Ying Ge, Wendi Huang, Li Zhang, Juan Huang, Nanqu Huang, Yong Luo","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1446537","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1446537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to differentiate into various cell types, providing important sources of cells for the development of regenerative medicine. Although MSCs have various advantages, there are also various problems, such as the low survival rate of transplanted cells and poor migration and homing; therefore, determining how to reform MSCs to improve their utilization is particularly important. Although many natural bioactive compounds have shown great potential for improving MSCs, many mechanisms and pathways are involved; however, in the final analysis, natural bioactive compounds promoted MSC proliferation, migration and homing and promoted differentiation and antiaging. This article reviews the regulatory effects of natural bioactive compounds on MSCs to provide new ideas for the therapeutic effects of modified MSCs on diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1446537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on target localization and adaptive scrubbing of intelligent bathing assistance system.","authors":"Ping Li, Shikai Feng, Hongliu Yu","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1550875","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1550875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bathing is a primary daily activity. Existing bathing systems are limited by their lack of intelligence and adaptability, reliance on caregivers, and the complexity of their control algorithms. Although visual sensors are widely used in intelligent systems, current intelligent bathing systems do not effectively process depth information from these sensors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The scrubbing task of the intelligent bath assist system can be divided into a pre-contact localization phase and a post-contact adaptive scrubbing phase. YOLOv5s, known for its ease of deployment and high accuracy, is utilized for multi-region skin detection to identify different body parts. The depth correction algorithm is designed to improve the depth accuracy of RGB-D vision sensors. The 3D position and pose of the target point in the RGB camera coordinate system are modeled and then transformed to the robot base coordinate system by hand-eye calibration. The system localization accuracy is measured when the collaborative robot runs into contact with the target. The self-rotating end scrubber head has flexible bristles with an adjustable length of 10 mm. After the end is in contact with the target, the point cloud scrubbing trajectory is optimized using cubic B-spline interpolation. Normal vectors are estimated based on approximate triangular dissected dyadic relations. Segmented interpolation is proposed to achieve real-time planning and to address the potential effects of possible unexpected movements of the target. The position and pose updating strategy of the end scrubber head is established.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>YOLOv5s enables real-time detection, tolerating variations in skin color, water vapor, occlusion, light, and scene. The localization error is relatively small, with a maximum value of 2.421 mm, a minimum value of 2.081 mm, and an average of 2.186 mm. Sampling the scrubbing curve every 2 mm along the x-axis and comparing actual to desired trajectories, the y-axis shows a maximum deviation of 2.23 mm, which still allows the scrubbing head to conform to the human skin surface.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study does not focus on developing complex control algorithms but instead emphasizes improving the accuracy of depth data to enhance localization precision.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1550875"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical evaluation of oblique lateral interbody fusion with various fixation methods for degenerative lumbar scoliosis: a finite element analysis considering different bone densities.","authors":"Wei Guo, Zemin Wang, Meina Song, Wei Yang, Honglai Zhang, Wanzhong Yang, Shiyong Wang, Rong Ma, Zhaohui Ge","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1562268","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1562268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few studies have been conducted on the biomechanical stability of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) in conjunction with different fixation methods in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) at varying bone densities. This study uses finite element analysis to assess the biomechanical stability of OLIF with various fixation techniques for treating DLS under differing bone densities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A three-dimensional finite element model of the lumbar spine (L1-S1) was created using CT scans from a Lenke-Silva IV DLS patient. The control group consisted of a posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) model. The experimental groups included OLIF Stand Alone (OLIF-SA), OLIF combined with unilateral pedicle screw fixation (UPSF), and OLIF combined with bilateral pedicle screw fixation (BPSF) models. Three bone density conditions-normal bone mass (NBM), osteopenia, and osteoporosis-were used to evaluate these models. The range of motion (ROM) of the surgical segment, the stress distribution of the Cage, endplate, and internal fixation, as well as the peak Von Mises stress, were evaluated by applying a vertical downward load of 400N and a torque of 7.5N·m in different directions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under different bone densities, compared to the PLIF model, the ROM of the surgical segment in the OLIF-SA model was significantly increased, whereas the ROM in the OLIF-UPSF and OLIF-BPSF models was similar to or lower than that of the PLIF. Under NBM and osteopenia, both OLIF-UPSF and OLIF-BPSF effectively reduced the peak Von Mises stress on the endplate and maintained surgical segment stability. However, under osteoporosis, the peak Von Mises stress on the endplate in the OLIF-UPSF model approached or exceeded the maximum yield stress of the endplate (60 MPa) in certain motion states, while OLIF-BPSF demonstrated superior biomechanical stability. Additionally, variations in bone density significantly affected the stress distribution of internal fixation devices, with more uniform stress observed in the OLIF-BPSF model under osteoporosis conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OLIF-BPSF may provide the best biomechanical stability for patients with DLS, especially osteoporosis patients. However, in patients with NBM and osteopenia, OLIF-UPSF remains an effective treatment option, which can ensure good biomechanical stability while obtaining significant minimally invasive advantages.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1562268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial muscle synergy-based network modeling and analysis of sit-to-stand transition with and without robot assistance.","authors":"Tianyi Wang, An Guo, Keisuke Shima, Yuko Ohno","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1543468","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1543468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sit-to-stand (STS) transition is crucial for daily activities, and it is particularly challenging for those with physical disabilities. This paper investigates the dynamics of muscle synergy networks during the STS transition, comparing self-executed STS with robotic assistance. Six subjects participated in the study, performing STS with and without robotic assistance. Muscle coordination was assessed using electromyography data from the trunk, thigh, and shank muscles. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) was employed to extract muscle coordination patterns, revealing distinctions in the number of synergies between self- and robot-STS. Spatial muscle synergy analysis indicated significant differences between self- and robot-STS, emphasizing alterations in muscle activation patterns due to robotic assistance. Detailed muscle-level analysis highlighted specific muscles' modulation, particularly in the shank, thigh, and trunk regions. Network analysis demonstrated variations in coordination network connectivity and stability between self- and robot-assisted STS. Centrality measures identified specific muscles, such as vastus lateralis, playing a crucial role in dynamic correlations within the muscle synergy network during STS. The findings suggest adaptability in human motor system responses to external assistance, with implications for refining robotic assistance strategies to align with natural movement patterns. Future research could involve a more diverse participant pool and explore upper-limb support.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1543468"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep ensemble learning-driven fully automated multi-structure segmentation for precision craniomaxillofacial surgery.","authors":"Jiahao Bao, Zongcai Tan, Yifeng Sun, Xinyu Xu, Huazhen Liu, Weiyi Cui, Yang Yang, Mengjia Cheng, Yiming Wang, Congshuang Ku, Yuen Ka Ho, Jiayi Zhu, Linfeng Fan, Dahong Qian, Shunyao Shen, Yaofeng Wen, Hongbo Yu","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1580502","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1580502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Accurate segmentation of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) structures and individual teeth is essential for advancing computer-assisted CMF surgery. This study developed CMF-ELSeg, a novel fully automatic multi-structure segmentation model based on deep ensemble learning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 143 CMF computed tomography (CT) scans were retrospectively collected and manually annotated by experts for model training and validation. Three 3D U-Net-based deep learning models (V-Net, nnU-Net, and 3D UX-Net) were benchmarked. CMF-ELSeg employed a coarse-to-fine cascaded architecture and an ensemble approach to integrate the strengths of these models. Segmentation performance was evaluated using Dice score and Intersection over Union (IoU) by comparing model predictions to ground truth annotations. Clinical feasibility was assessed through qualitative and quantitative analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In coarse segmentation of the upper skull, mandible, cervical vertebra, and pharyngeal cavity, 3D UX-Net and nnU-Net achieved Dice scores above 0.96 and IoU above 0.93. For fine segmentation and classification of individual teeth, the cascaded 3D UX-Net performed best. CMF-ELSeg improved Dice scores by 3%-5% over individual models for facial soft tissue, upper skull, mandible, cervical vertebra, and pharyngeal cavity segmentation, and maintained high accuracy Dice > 0.94 for most teeth. Clinical evaluation confirmed that CMF-ELSeg performed reliably in patients with skeletal malocclusion, fractures, and fibrous dysplasia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CMF-ELSeg provides high-precision segmentation of CMF structures and teeth by leveraging multiple models, serving as a practical tool for clinical applications and enhancing patient-specific treatment planning in CMF surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1580502"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing CRISPR potential for intervertebral disc regeneration strategies.","authors":"Catarina Milheiro, Maria L Moura, Mario Amendola, Mário A Barbosa, Joana Caldeira","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1562412","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1562412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genome editing technologies, particularly CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), have broadened the possibilities of genetic research and molecular biology by enabling precise modifications of the genome, offering novel therapeutic potential for various disorders. Herein, we present an overview of traditional genome editing techniques and delve deeper into the CRISPR toolbox, with particular attention given to epigenetic and transcriptional regulation. In the context of the intervertebral disc (IVD), CRISPR offers an unprecedented approach to address the mechanisms underlying tissue degeneration, advancing the development of revolutionary therapies for Low Back Pain (LBP). As so, we showcase how to leverage CRISPR systems for IVD. This cutting-edge technology has been successfully used to improve our understanding of IVD biology through functional studies and disease modeling. Most relevant research prioritizes new targets associated with the extracellular matrix (ECM), pain sensing or inflammatory pathways. Promising CRISPR applications encompass IVD regeneration by recapitulation of a regenerative environment or by targeting important degenerative catalysts. In the future, priority should be given to fetal gene reactivation, multiple healthy gene expression enhancement and disease-associated polymorphisms' correction. Despite several challenges such as effective delivery, off-target effects, as well as ethical and safety concerns, exciting clinical trials are anticipated in the years to come, providing more effective and long-lasting solutions for IVD degeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1562412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vibration stimulation enhances robustness in teleoperation robot system with EEG and eye-tracking hybrid control.","authors":"Wenbin Zhang, Tianjie Wang, Chaolong Qin, Baoguo Xu, Hexuan Hu, Tong Wang, Ying Shen","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1591316","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1591316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The application of non-invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) in robotic control is limited by insufficient signal quality and decoding capabilities. Enhancing the robustness of BCIs without increasing the cognitive load remains a major challenge in brain-control technology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study presents a teleoperation robotic system based on hybrid control of electroencephalography (EEG) and eye movement signals, and utilizes vibration stimulation to assist motor imagery (MI) training and enhance control signals. A control experiment involving eight subjects was conducted to validate the enhancement effect of this tactile stimulation technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experimental results showed that during the MI training phase, the addition of vibration stimulation improved the brain region activation response speed in the tactile group, enhanced the activation of the contralateral motor areas during imagery of non-dominant hand movements, and demonstrated better separability (p = 0.017). In the robotic motion control phase, eye movement-guided vibration stimulation effectively improved the accuracy of online decoding of MI and enhanced the robustness of the control system and success rate of the grasping task.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The vibration stimulation technique proposed in this study can effectively improve the training efficiency and online decoding rate of MI, helping users enhance their control efficiency while focusing on control tasks. This tactile enhancement technology has potential applications in robot-assisted elderly care, rehabilitation training, and other robotic control scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1591316"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12127733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Therapeutic effects of zoledronic acid-loaded hyaluronic acid/polyethylene glycol/nano-hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on osteosarcoma.","authors":"Yan Xu, Jingqi Qi, Wei Sun, Wu Zhong, Hongwei Wu","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1601751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1601751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.897641.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1601751"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12093324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 in shear stress regulated adipocyte differentiation.","authors":"Justin Caron, Marjan Ghanbariabdolmaleki, Madison Marino, Chong Qiu, Bo Wang, Michael Mak, Shue Wang","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1570518","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1570518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adipocyte differentiation plays an important role in bone remodeling due to secretory factors that can directly modulate osteoblast and osteoclast, thus affecting overall bone mass and skeletal integrity. Excessive adipocyte differentiation within the bone marrow microenvironment can lead to decreased bone mass, eventually causing osteoporosis. The mechanical microenvironment of bone marrow, including fluid shear, maintains the balance of adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation during bone remodeling. However, how mechanical cues interact with long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and regulate adipocyte differentiation remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the mechanosensitive role of lncRNA MALAT1 during mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) adipocyte differentiation. By applying physiologically relevant shear stress, MSCs experienced morphological changes and adipocyte differentiation differences. Shear stress inhibits adipocyte differentiation of MSCs, demonstrated by reduced oil-red-o-stained lipid droplets. Silencing MALAT1 also results in reduced adipocyte differentiation. By leveraging a novel gapmer double stranded locked nuclei acid nanobiosensor, we showed that shear stress inhibits MALAT1 expression, with significantly reduced fluorescence intensity. Our findings indicate that shear stress influences adipocyte differentiation mainly through the downregulation of MALAT1, highlighting a significant interplay between biophysical cues and lncRNAs. This interaction is crucial for understanding the complexities of bone remodeling and the potential therapeutic targeting of lncRNAs to treat bone-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1570518"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}