Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"From structure to therapy: the critical influence of cartilaginous endplates and microvascular network on intervertebral disc degeneration.","authors":"Yu Sun, Zhaoyong Li, Jiahao Duan, Enxu Liu, Lei Yang, Fei Sun, Long Chen, Shaofeng Yang","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1489420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2024.1489420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intervertebral disc (IVD) is the largest avascular structure in the human body. The cartilaginous endplate (CEP) is a layer of translucent cartilage located at the upper and lower edges of the vertebral bodies. On one hand, CEPs endure pressure from within the IVD and the tensile and shear forces of the annulus fibrosus, promoting uniform distribution of compressive loads on the vertebral bodies. On the other hand, microvascular diffusion channels within the CEP serve as the primary routes for nutrient supply to the IVD and the transport of metabolic waste. Degenerated CEP, characterized by increased stiffness, decreased permeability, and reduced water content, impairs substance transport and mechanical response within the IVD, ultimately leading to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Insufficient nutrition of the IVD has long been considered the initiating factor of IDD, with CEP degeneration regarded as an early contributing factor. Additionally, CEP degeneration is frequently accompanied by Modic changes, which are common manifestations in the progression of IDD. Therefore, this paper comprehensively reviews the structure and physiological functions of CEP and its role in the cascade of IDD, exploring the intrinsic relationship between CEP degeneration and Modic changes from various perspectives. Furthermore, we summarize recent potential therapeutic approaches targeting CEP to delay IDD, offering new insights into the pathological mechanisms and regenerative repair strategies for IDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1489420"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11550963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The induction of bone formation by 3D-printed PLGA microsphere scaffolds in a calvarial orthotopic mouse model: a pilot study.","authors":"Roland M Klar, James C Cox, Claire J Houchen, Naren Raja, Houssam Bouloussa, Stefan Lohfeld","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1425469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2024.1425469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polymeric biodegradable microspheres are readily utilized to support targeted drug delivery for various diseases clinically. 3D printed tissue engineering scaffolds from polymer filaments with embedded microspheres or nanoparticles, as well as bulk microsphere scaffolds, have been investigated for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, 3D printed scaffolds consisting only of a homogenous microsphere size with an optimized architecture that includes a unique micro- and macroporosity, have been challenging to produce and hence, have not been assessed in the literature yet. Utilizing our recently established 3D-MultiCompositional Microsphere-Adaptive Printing (3D-McMap) method, the present study evaluated the effectiveness of 3D-printed poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microsphere scaffolds, consisting of microsphere sizes 50, 100, or 200 μm, on the induction of bone formation when implanted in the calvarial murine regeneration model. Our results showed that PLGA microsphere scaffolds possess unique properties that support bone regeneration by supporting osteoconduction and stimulating, in our opinion, true spontaneous osteoinduction. The study demonstrated that PLGA microsphere-based scaffolds support bone growth in the absence of additional growth factors and promote osteogenesis primarily via their unique geometric configuration. The larger the microspheres were, the greater <i>de novo</i> bone formation was. This proves that bone tissue engineering scaffolds 3D printed from microspheres, enabled by the 3D-McMap method, are superior over bulk material printed scaffolds, as they possess the unique capability of spontaneous induction of new bone formation. With the addition of encapsulated modulatory bone-forming biomolecules they can substantially improve the spatiotemporal control of tissue morphogenesis, potentially leading to new innovative clinical tissue repair therapies that regenerate bone in large defects correctly and fully.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1425469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariable analysis for predicting lower limb muscular strength with a hip-joint exoskeleton.","authors":"Byungmun Kang, Changmin Lee, Dongwoo Kim, Hwang-Jae Lee, Dokwan Lee, Hyung Gyu Jeon, Yoonmyung Kim, DaeEun Kim","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1431015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2024.1431015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Advancements in exercise science have highlighted the importance of accurate muscular strength assessments for optimizing performance and preventing injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We propose a novel approach to measuring muscular strength in young, healthy individuals using Bot Fit, a hip-joint exoskeleton, during resistance exercises. In this study, we introduced performance metrics to evaluate exercise performance during both short and extended durations of three resistance exercises: squats, knee-ups, and reverse lunges. These metrics, derived from the robot's motor signals and sEMG data, include initial exercise speed, the number of repetitions, and muscle engagement. We compared these metrics against baseline muscular strength, measured using standard fitness equipment such as one-repetition maximum (1RM) and isometric contraction tests, conducted with 30 participants aged 23 to 30 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results revealed that initial exercise speed and the number of repetitions were significant predictors of baseline muscular strength. Using statistical multivariable analysis, we developed a highly accurate model ( <math><mrow><mi>R</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.884</mn></mrow> </math> , adj. <math> <mrow> <msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.753</mn></mrow> </math> , <i>p</i>-value <math><mrow><mo><</mo> <mn>0.001</mn></mrow> </math> ) and an efficient model (with all models achieving <math><mrow><mi>R</mi> <mo>></mo> <mn>0.87</mn></mrow> </math> ) with strong explanatory power.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This model, focusing on a single exercise (squat) and a key performance metric (initial speed), accurately represents the muscular strength of Bot Fit users across all three exercises. This study expands the application of hip-joint exoskeleton robots, enabling efficient estimation of lower limb muscle strength through resistance exercises with Bot Fit.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1431015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating biosafety regulatory frameworks for genetic engineering in Africa: a focus on genome editing and gene drive technologies.","authors":"Tilahun Rabuma, Felix Moronta-Barrios, Wendy Craig","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1483279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2024.1483279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genome editing and gene drive technologies are increasingly gaining attraction in Africa, with researchers exploring their potential applications in agriculture, health and the environment. Acknowledging that robust regulatory frameworks are crucial in facilitating the development and utilization of these technologies, informed decision-making is, however, being impeded by the fragmented information availability and readiness of regulatory authorities on the continent.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigates the regulatory frameworks governing genome editing and gene drive technologies in African countries, identifies common regulatory challenges and proposes actionable solutions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Primary data were collected through questionnaires and complemented by analysing existing biosafety regulations from online databases and scientific literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings suggest that while a few African countries have recently updated their regulatory frameworks, many are still under discussion. Challenges to development and implementation include limited resources, expertise, awareness, and public resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings underscore the urgent need for further development in regulatory capacities. By shedding light on these challenges, our study could provide African regulators with valuable insights to guide the formulation of effective regulatory frameworks. Such frameworks are essential for harnessing the potential of genome editing and gene drive technologies while safeguarding human health and the environment in Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1483279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of drop vertical jump kinematics and kinetics using 3D markerless motion capture in a large cohort.","authors":"Tylan Templin, Christopher D Riehm, Travis Eliason, Tessa C Hulburt, Samuel T Kwak, Omar Medjaouri, David Chambers, Manish Anand, Kase Saylor, Gregory D Myer, Daniel P Nicolella","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1426677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2024.1426677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>3D Markerless motion capture technologies have advanced significantly over the last few decades to overcome limitations of marker-based systems, which require significant cost, time, and specialization. As markerless motion capture technologies develop and mature, there is increasing demand from the biomechanics community to provide kinematic and kinetic data with similar levels of reliability and accuracy as current reference standard marker-based 3D motion capture methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how a novel markerless system trained with both hand-labeled and synthetic data compares to lower extremity kinematic and kinetic measurements from a reference marker-based system during the drop vertical jump (DVJ) task.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Synchronized video data from multiple camera views and marker-based data were simultaneously collected from 127 participants performing three repetitions of the DVJ. Lower limb joint angles and joint moments were calculated and compared between the markerless and marker-based systems. Root mean squared error values and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to quantify agreement between the systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Root mean squared error values of lower limb joint angles and joint moments were ≤ 9.61 degrees and ≤ 0.23 N×m/kg, respectively. Pearson correlation values between markered and markerless systems were 0.67-0.98 hip, 0.45-0.99 knee and 0.06-0.99 ankle for joint kinematics. Likewise, Pearson correlation values were 0.73-0.90 hip, 0.61-0.95 knee and 0.74-0.95 ankle for joint kinetics.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These results highlight the promising potential of markerless motion capture, particularly for measures of hip, knee and ankle rotations. Further research is needed to evaluate the viability of markerless ankle measures in the frontal plane to determine if differences in joint solvers are inducing unanticipated error.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1426677"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of a soft pneumatic muscle for elbow joint rehabilitation.","authors":"Mostafa Orban, Kai Guo, Caijun Luo, Hongbo Yang, Karim Badr, Mahmoud Elsamanty","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1401686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2024.1401686","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Elbow joint rehabilitation presents a formidable challenge, underscored by the joint's complex biomechanics and high vulnerability to injuries and degenerative conditions. Despite the advancements in rehabilitative technology, current solutions such as rigid exoskeletons often fall short in providing the precision, flexibility, and customization needed for effective treatment. Although traditional robotic aids, such as rigid exoskeletons, help recover, they lack in providing sufficient flexibility, comfort, and easy customization with no need for complicated calculation and complex design considerations. The introduction of soft pneumatic muscles marks a significant development in the rehabilitation technologies field, offering distinct advantages and unique challenges when compared to conventional rigid systems. These flexible actuators closely mimic the elasticity of biological tissues, improving safety and interaction between humans and machines. Designed for individualized therapy, its versatility allows application in various rehabilitation scenarios, from clinical settings to home settings. The novelty of this approach lies in the development of biomechanically-compliant soft pneumatic muscles optimized for precise rotational control of the elbow joint, coupled with an advanced deep learning-based motion tracking system. This design overcomes limitations in force control, stability, and pressure requirements found in existing pneumatic-based systems, improving the safety and efficacy of elbow rehabilitation. In this study, the design, fabrication and systematic evaluation of a soft pneumatic muscle for elbow rehabilitation are presented. The device is designed to closely simulate the complex biomechanical movements of the elbow, with a primary focus on the rotational motions that are essential for controlling flexion and extension, as well as positioning the wrist during grasping tasks. Through the integration of precise geometric parameters, the actuator is capable of controlled flexion and extension, reflecting the natural kinematics of the elbow. Employing a rigorous methodology, the research integrates finite element analysis with empirical testing to refine the actuator's performance. Under varying air pressures, the soft muscle demonstrated remarkable deformation along the X-axis (10-150 mm) and the Y-axis, indicative of its symmetrical rotational behavior, while maintaining minimal elongation along the Z-axis (0.003 mm max), and proper lifiting force under a maximum wight of 470 gm. highlighting the stability and targeted response of the device to pneumatic actuation. A specialized experimental apparatus comprising a 3D environment, a pneumatic circuit, a LabVIEW-based control system, and a deep learning algorithm was developed for accurate position estimation. The algorithm achieved a high predictive accuracy of 99.8% in spatial coordination tracking, indicating the precision of the system in monitoring and controlling the act","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1401686"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11541107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial peptide GL13K-Modified titanium in the epigenetic regulation of osteoclast differentiation via H3K27me3.","authors":"Yuerong Gao, Yingzhen Lai, Hong Wang, Jingjing Su, Yan Chen, ShunJie Mao, Xin Guan, Yihuang Cai, Jiang Chen","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1497265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2024.1497265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Implant surface designs have advanced to address challenges in oral rehabilitation for healthy and compromised bone. Several studies have analyzed the effects of altering material surfaces on osteogenic differentiation. However, the crucial role of osteoclasts in osseointegration has often been overlooked. Overactive osteoclasts can compromise implant stability. In this study, we employed a silanization method to alter pure titanium to produce a surface loaded with the antimicrobial peptide GL13K that enhanced biocompatibility. Pure titanium (Ti), silanization-modified titanium, and GL13K-modified titanium (GL13K-Ti) were co-cultured with macrophages. Our findings indicated that GL13K-Ti partially inhibited osteoclastogenesis and expression of osteoclast-related genes and proteins by limiting the formation of the actin ring, an important structure for osteoclast bone resorption. Our subsequent experiments confirmed the epigenetic role in regulating this process. GL13K-Ti was found to impact the degree of methylation modifications of H3K27 in the <i>NFATc1</i> promoter region following RANKL-induced osteoclastic differentiation. In conclusion, our study unveils the potential mechanism of methylation modifications, a type of epigenetic regulatory modality, on osteoclastogenesis and activity on the surface of a material. This presents novel concepts and ideas for further broadening the clinical indications of oral implants and targeting the design of implant surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1497265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive control of airway pressure during the expectoration process in a cough assist system.","authors":"Liangsong Lu, Yixuan Wang, Guolang Shen, Minghua Du","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1477886","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1477886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Existing Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation (MI-E) devices often overlook the impact of cough airflow pressure on mucus clearance, particularly lacking in control over airway pressure during the expiratory phase, which can lead to airway collapse and other types of airway damage. This study optimizes the design of cough assist system and explores the effectiveness of PID and adaptive control methods in regulating airway pressure. The adaptive control method compensates for hose pressure drop by online estimation of the ventilatory hose characteristics. It achieves precise tracking of target pressure and ensures the generation of peak flow rates effective for mucus clearance, even in the absence of known patient lung physiological states and unknown hose leakage parameters. Through a series of comparative experiments, this paper confirms the significant advantages of adaptive control in reducing oscillations and overshoot, capable of more stable and precise airway pressure adjustments. This improved control strategy not only enhances clinical safety but also significantly improves therapeutic outcomes and reduces the risk of complications. The findings indicate that the revamped cough assist system, employing an adaptive control strategy, can effectively prevent airway damage during assisted coughing, offering a safer and more effective sputum clearance solution for critically ill patients with expectoration disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1477886"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11537939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic protein aggregates generated by supramolecular assembly of ferritin cages - a modular strategy for the immobilization of enzymes.","authors":"Gizem Ölçücü, Bastian Wollenhaupt, Dietrich Kohlheyer, Karl-Erich Jaeger, Ulrich Krauss","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1478198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2024.1478198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Efficient and cost-effective immobilization methods are crucial for advancing the utilization of enzymes in industrial biocatalysis. To this end, <i>in vivo</i> immobilization methods relying on the completely biological production of immobilizates represent an interesting alternative to conventional carrier-based immobilization methods. This study aimed to introduce a novel immobilization strategy using <i>in vivo</i>-produced magnetic protein aggregates (MPAs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MPA production was achieved by expressing gene fusions of the yellow fluorescent protein variant citrine and ferritin variants, including a magnetically enhanced <i>Escherichia coli</i> ferritin mutant. Cellular production of the gene fusions allows supramolecular assembly of the fusion proteins <i>in vivo</i>, driven by citrine-dependent dimerization of ferritin cages. Magnetic properties were confirmed using neodymium magnets. A bait/prey strategy was used to attach alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) to the MPAs, creating catalytically active MPAs (CatMPAs). These CatMPAs were purified via magnetic columns or centrifugation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fusion of the mutant <i>E. coli</i> ferritin to citrine yielded fluorescent, insoluble protein aggregates, which are released upon cell lysis and coalesce into MPAs. MPAs display magnetic properties, as verified by their attraction to neodymium magnets. We further show that these fully <i>in vivo</i>-produced protein aggregates can be magnetically purified without <i>ex vivo</i> iron loading. Using a bait/prey strategy, MPAs were functionalized by attaching alcohol dehydrogenase post-translationally, creating catalytically active magnetic protein aggregates (CatMPAs). These CatMPAs were easily purified from crude extracts via centrifugation or magnetic columns and showed enhanced stability.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study presents a modular strategy for the <i>in vivo</i> production of MPAs as scaffold for enzyme immobilization. The approach eliminates the need for traditional, expensive carriers and simplifies the purification process by leveraging the insoluble nature and the magnetic properties of the aggregates, opening up the potential for novel, streamlined applications in biocatalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1478198"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11541948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of silver nanoparticles stabilized with C-phycocyanin against drug-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.","authors":"Zahra Chegini, Aref Shariati, Mohammad Yousef Alikhani, Maliheh Safaiee, Shahin Rajaeih, Mohammadreza Arabestani, Mehdi Azizi","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1455385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2024.1455385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biofilms are bacterial communities that can protect them against external factors, including antibiotics. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were formed by modifying AgNPs with C-phycocyanin (Ag-Pc) to inhibit the growth of carbapenem-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (CR <i>P. aeruginosa</i>) and methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) and destroy biofilm of these bacteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The AgNPs were prepared with the green synthesis method, and Pc was used to stabilize the AgNPs. The Ag-Pc's antibacterial and antibiofilm effects were evaluated using the Microbroth dilution method and microtiter plate assay. The inhibitory effect of Ag-Pc on the expression of biofilm-related genes was evaluated by real-time PCR. Moreover, the MTT assay was used to assess the Ag-Pc toxicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Ag-Pc minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 7.4 μg/mL for CR <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and MRSA. Pc did not show antibacterial effects against any of the strains. Ag-Pc suppressed biofilm formation and destroyed matured biofilm in both bacteria more efficiently than the AgNPs (P< 0.05). The expression of all genes was not significantly reduced in the presence of synthesized nanoparticles. Finally, the MTT assay results did not show toxicity against a murine fibroblast cell line (L929) at MIC concentration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study showed the promising potential of Pc for improving the antibacterial and antibiofilm function of AgNPs and inhibiting drug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, Ag-Pc nanoparticles can be considered a promising therapeutic approach for the managing of the bacterial biofilm.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1455385"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}