Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Deep ensemble learning-driven fully automated multi-structure segmentation for precision craniomaxillofacial surgery.","authors":"Jiahao Bao, Zongcai Tan, Yifeng Sun, Xinyu Xu, Huazhen Liu, Weiyi Cui, Yang Yang, Mengjia Cheng, Yiming Wang, Congshuang Ku, Yuen Ka Ho, Jiayi Zhu, Linfeng Fan, Dahong Qian, Shunyao Shen, Yaofeng Wen, Hongbo Yu","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1580502","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1580502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Accurate segmentation of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) structures and individual teeth is essential for advancing computer-assisted CMF surgery. This study developed CMF-ELSeg, a novel fully automatic multi-structure segmentation model based on deep ensemble learning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 143 CMF computed tomography (CT) scans were retrospectively collected and manually annotated by experts for model training and validation. Three 3D U-Net-based deep learning models (V-Net, nnU-Net, and 3D UX-Net) were benchmarked. CMF-ELSeg employed a coarse-to-fine cascaded architecture and an ensemble approach to integrate the strengths of these models. Segmentation performance was evaluated using Dice score and Intersection over Union (IoU) by comparing model predictions to ground truth annotations. Clinical feasibility was assessed through qualitative and quantitative analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In coarse segmentation of the upper skull, mandible, cervical vertebra, and pharyngeal cavity, 3D UX-Net and nnU-Net achieved Dice scores above 0.96 and IoU above 0.93. For fine segmentation and classification of individual teeth, the cascaded 3D UX-Net performed best. CMF-ELSeg improved Dice scores by 3%-5% over individual models for facial soft tissue, upper skull, mandible, cervical vertebra, and pharyngeal cavity segmentation, and maintained high accuracy Dice > 0.94 for most teeth. Clinical evaluation confirmed that CMF-ELSeg performed reliably in patients with skeletal malocclusion, fractures, and fibrous dysplasia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CMF-ELSeg provides high-precision segmentation of CMF structures and teeth by leveraging multiple models, serving as a practical tool for clinical applications and enhancing patient-specific treatment planning in CMF surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1580502"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing CRISPR potential for intervertebral disc regeneration strategies.","authors":"Catarina Milheiro, Maria L Moura, Mario Amendola, Mário A Barbosa, Joana Caldeira","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1562412","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1562412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genome editing technologies, particularly CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), have broadened the possibilities of genetic research and molecular biology by enabling precise modifications of the genome, offering novel therapeutic potential for various disorders. Herein, we present an overview of traditional genome editing techniques and delve deeper into the CRISPR toolbox, with particular attention given to epigenetic and transcriptional regulation. In the context of the intervertebral disc (IVD), CRISPR offers an unprecedented approach to address the mechanisms underlying tissue degeneration, advancing the development of revolutionary therapies for Low Back Pain (LBP). As so, we showcase how to leverage CRISPR systems for IVD. This cutting-edge technology has been successfully used to improve our understanding of IVD biology through functional studies and disease modeling. Most relevant research prioritizes new targets associated with the extracellular matrix (ECM), pain sensing or inflammatory pathways. Promising CRISPR applications encompass IVD regeneration by recapitulation of a regenerative environment or by targeting important degenerative catalysts. In the future, priority should be given to fetal gene reactivation, multiple healthy gene expression enhancement and disease-associated polymorphisms' correction. Despite several challenges such as effective delivery, off-target effects, as well as ethical and safety concerns, exciting clinical trials are anticipated in the years to come, providing more effective and long-lasting solutions for IVD degeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1562412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vibration stimulation enhances robustness in teleoperation robot system with EEG and eye-tracking hybrid control.","authors":"Wenbin Zhang, Tianjie Wang, Chaolong Qin, Baoguo Xu, Hexuan Hu, Tong Wang, Ying Shen","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1591316","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1591316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The application of non-invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) in robotic control is limited by insufficient signal quality and decoding capabilities. Enhancing the robustness of BCIs without increasing the cognitive load remains a major challenge in brain-control technology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study presents a teleoperation robotic system based on hybrid control of electroencephalography (EEG) and eye movement signals, and utilizes vibration stimulation to assist motor imagery (MI) training and enhance control signals. A control experiment involving eight subjects was conducted to validate the enhancement effect of this tactile stimulation technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experimental results showed that during the MI training phase, the addition of vibration stimulation improved the brain region activation response speed in the tactile group, enhanced the activation of the contralateral motor areas during imagery of non-dominant hand movements, and demonstrated better separability (p = 0.017). In the robotic motion control phase, eye movement-guided vibration stimulation effectively improved the accuracy of online decoding of MI and enhanced the robustness of the control system and success rate of the grasping task.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The vibration stimulation technique proposed in this study can effectively improve the training efficiency and online decoding rate of MI, helping users enhance their control efficiency while focusing on control tasks. This tactile enhancement technology has potential applications in robot-assisted elderly care, rehabilitation training, and other robotic control scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1591316"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12127733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Therapeutic effects of zoledronic acid-loaded hyaluronic acid/polyethylene glycol/nano-hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on osteosarcoma.","authors":"Yan Xu, Jingqi Qi, Wei Sun, Wu Zhong, Hongwei Wu","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1601751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1601751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.897641.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1601751"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12093324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 in shear stress regulated adipocyte differentiation.","authors":"Justin Caron, Marjan Ghanbariabdolmaleki, Madison Marino, Chong Qiu, Bo Wang, Michael Mak, Shue Wang","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1570518","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1570518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adipocyte differentiation plays an important role in bone remodeling due to secretory factors that can directly modulate osteoblast and osteoclast, thus affecting overall bone mass and skeletal integrity. Excessive adipocyte differentiation within the bone marrow microenvironment can lead to decreased bone mass, eventually causing osteoporosis. The mechanical microenvironment of bone marrow, including fluid shear, maintains the balance of adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation during bone remodeling. However, how mechanical cues interact with long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and regulate adipocyte differentiation remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the mechanosensitive role of lncRNA MALAT1 during mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) adipocyte differentiation. By applying physiologically relevant shear stress, MSCs experienced morphological changes and adipocyte differentiation differences. Shear stress inhibits adipocyte differentiation of MSCs, demonstrated by reduced oil-red-o-stained lipid droplets. Silencing MALAT1 also results in reduced adipocyte differentiation. By leveraging a novel gapmer double stranded locked nuclei acid nanobiosensor, we showed that shear stress inhibits MALAT1 expression, with significantly reduced fluorescence intensity. Our findings indicate that shear stress influences adipocyte differentiation mainly through the downregulation of MALAT1, highlighting a significant interplay between biophysical cues and lncRNAs. This interaction is crucial for understanding the complexities of bone remodeling and the potential therapeutic targeting of lncRNAs to treat bone-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1570518"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Facile assembly of thermosensitive liposomes for active targeting imaging and synergetic chemo-/magnetic hyperthermia therapy.","authors":"Yanli An, Rui Yang, Xihui Wang, Yong Han, Gang Jia, Chunmei Hu, Zhiyuan Zhang, Dongfang Liu, Qiusha Tang","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1579340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1579340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.691091.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1579340"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Screening for MicroRNA combination with engineered exosomes as a new tool against osteosarcoma in elderly patients.","authors":"Jiyu Han, Zitong Zhao, Yanhong Wang, Tao Yu, Daqian Wan","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1615190","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1615190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1052252.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1615190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging spatial dependencies and multi-scale features for automated knee injury detection on MRI diagnosis.","authors":"Jianhua Sun, Ye Cao, Ying Zhou, Baoqiao Qi","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1590962","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1590962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The application of deep learning techniques in medical image analysis has shown great potential in assisting clinical diagnosis. This study focuses on the development and evaluation of deep learning models for the classification of knee joint injuries using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data. The research aims to provide an efficient and reliable tool for clinicians to aid in the diagnosis of knee joint disorders, particularly focusing on Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tears.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>KneeXNet leverages the power of graph convolutional networks (GCNs) to capture the intricate spatial dependencies and hierarchical features in knee MRI scans. The proposed model consists of three main components: a graph construction module, graph convolutional layers, and a multi-scale feature fusion module. Additionally, a contrastive learning scheme is employed to enhance the model's discriminative power and robustness. The MRNet dataset, consisting of knee MRI scans from 1,370 patients, is used to train and validate KneeXNet.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The performance of KneeXNet is evaluated using the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) metric and compared to state-of-the-art methods, including traditional machine learning approaches and deep learning models. KneeXNet consistently outperforms the competing methods, achieving AUC scores of 0.985, 0.972, and 0.968 for the detection of knee joint abnormalities, ACL tears, and meniscal tears, respectively. The cross-dataset evaluation further validates the generalization ability of KneeXNet, maintaining its superior performance on an independent dataset.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>To facilitate the clinical application of KneeXNet, a user-friendly web interface is developed using the Django framework. This interface allows users to upload MRI scans, view diagnostic results, and interact with the system seamlessly. The integration of Grad-CAM visualizations enhances the interpretability of KneeXNet, enabling radiologists to understand and validate the model's decision-making process.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1590962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanomaterials reshape the pulmonary mechanical microenvironment: novel therapeutic strategies for respiratory diseases.","authors":"Li-Zhen Chen, Peng-Fei Zheng, Qi Cai, Run-Nan Chen","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1597387","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1597387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and lung cancer, exhibit elevated death rates and pathological intricacy, requiring advancements that surpass the constraints of traditional therapies. This study comprehensively outlines the novel applications of nanomaterials in respiratory medicine by accurately modulating the pulmonary mechanical microenvironment, encompassing alveolar surface tension, extracellular matrix rigidity, and the immune-fibroblast interaction network. The precise delivery, stimuli-responsive characteristics, and biomimetic design of nanomaterials markedly improve drug concentration at the lesion site and mitigate fibrosis, inflammation, and malignant tumor advancement by disrupting mechanical signaling pathways. The study clarifies their multifaceted benefits in treating COPD, IPF, and lung cancer, including decreased systemic toxicity and improved spatiotemporal control. Nonetheless, clinical translation continues to encounter obstacles, including impediments in large-scale production, inadequate compatibility with breathing devices, and disputes concerning long-term biosafety. In the future, the amalgamation of precision medicine, adaptive smart materials, and multi-omics artificial intelligence technologies will facilitate the development of individualized diagnostic and therapeutic systems, establishing a novel paradigm for the proactive management of respiratory disorders. This review offers essential theoretical foundations and technical approaches for the practical application of nanomaterials and the enhancement of therapeutic techniques in respiratory medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1597387"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights on poly(<i>cis</i>-1,4-isoprene) rubber degradation through enzymatic kinetics and process improvement.","authors":"Camila Guajardo-Flores, Josefa Rojas, Yvan Baldera-Moreno, Francisco Adasme-Carreño, Daisuke Kasai, Rodrigo Andler","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1593339","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1593339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Latex clearing protein (Lcp) is a crucial enzyme in the oxidative degradation of poly(<i>cis</i>-1,4-isoprene), the main component of natural rubber (NR). Despite significant biochemical advances, to date, the kinetic behavior of Lcp from <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. K30 (Lcp_K30) has not been characterized, limiting the efficiency of NR conversion. In this work, Lcp_K30 was produced in <i>Escherichia coli</i> BL21 (DE3) + p4782.1::<i>lcp</i> _K30 with L-rhamnose as the inducer, yielding 6.05 mg/L of purified protein. Kinetic assays demonstrated a positive correlation between the initial reaction rate and poly(<i>cis</i>-1,4-isoprene) concentration, reaching a maximum rate of 7.05 nmol O₂/min at the enzyme's saturation point, corresponding to 5 μg Lcp/mg NR. The Michaelis-Menten constant (K_m) was determined to be 308.3 mg/mL, with the Hill model providing the best fit for the data. NR-to-oligoisoprenoid conversion reached 12.9 mg in 24 h, exceeding previously reported yields, while gel permeation chromatography analysis indicated conversion efficiencies over 80%, far exceeding the reports of previous studies where only 30%-40% conversions were achieved. Furthermore, Fukui function analysis suggested that the aldehyde terminal groups of the oligoisoprenoids may be less susceptible to enzymatic degradation, which would explain the mass distribution of the degradation products.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1593339"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}