Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Accuracy and cost comparison of 3D-printed guides in complex spinal deformity correction: direct vs indirect design.","authors":"Wei Yang, Wei Guo, Wen-Jun Wu, Rong Ma, Zemin Wang, Honglai Zhang, Wanzhong Yang, Zhaohui Ge","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1611998","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1611998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The treatment of complex spinal deformities poses significant challenges, as the placement of pedicle screws and the execution of osteotomies within deformed vertebral structures carry an elevated risk of neurological complications. Numerous techniques have been developed to enhance the safety and accuracy of pedicle screw placement and osteotomies. Among these techniques, patient-specific guides, which feature pre-defined and pre-validated trajectories, present an attractive solution for achieving precision in screw placement and osteotomies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CT scan data (DICOM format) from 10 patients with complex and severe spinal deformities were selected. Full spinal reconstruction was performed using Mimics, CAD, and E-3D software. Two different types of screw placement and osteotomy guides were designed: direct (using a larger aperture design to allow direct screw placement) and indirect (using a K-wire or 2.5 mm drill bit to preset the screw path before screw placement). Screw placement and osteotomy were simulated using 3D-printed spinal models and guides. Post-operative CT scans were performed on the models and compared with pre-operative designs to evaluate the accuracy, efficiency, cost, and clinical practicality of different guides during screw placement and osteotomy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 10 patients with complex spinal deformities (Five males and five females, with an average age of 37 years), covering five diagnostic types such as neurofibromatosis and adult idiopathic spinal deformity. Nine cases of Vertebral Column Resection (VCR) and one case of pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) were performed. Experimental data showed no statistically significant differences between the direct and indirect guide groups in terms of pedicle screw placement accuracy (95.97% vs. 94.63%), coronal osteotomy accuracy (ROED 96.69% vs. 98.68%), and sagittal osteotomy accuracy (94.24% vs. 96.86%) (P > 0.05). However, the digital preparation efficiency of the direct guide group was significantly lower than that of the indirect group, with a 33.2% increase in single guide design time and a 44.6% increase in printing time (P < 0.001), resulting in a 35.8% increase in total design time (P = 0.026). There were no significant differences between the two groups in screw placement time (4.24 vs. 4.79 min), osteotomy time (37.15 vs. 36.56 min), and material cost ($268.25 each). The results indicate that both guide techniques can achieve precise orthopedics, but the indirect guide has advantages in clinical transformation efficiency.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both direct and indirect 3D-printed guides can optimize screw implantation and complex osteotomy procedures, improving the accuracy of pedicle screw placement and osteotomy. However, the direct guide group has clinical limitations such as extended design cycles, increased printing time, and expanded surgical field expos","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1611998"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a wearable hand orthosis on upper and lower limb motor recovery in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Lijuan Xu, Jie Zhang, Qiang Liu, Yefan Cao, Nazhakaiti Aizezi, Jing Tian, Cheng Wu, Liyu Fang, Liyi Chen, Yanzheng Zhang, Xueming Pang, Yanli Lin, Jingxin Wang, Hewei Wang","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1600706","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1600706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Orthoses have shown potential in addressing upper limb spasticity in stroke survivors; however, their influence on motor recovery remains controversial. This study aimed to examine the effects of a wearable hand orthosis on spasticity, motor recovery of both upper and lower limbs, balance, and activities of daily living in stroke.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Inpatient rehabilitation department.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Fifty-one stroke survivors with hemiplegia were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 26) or a control group (n = 25).</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Both groups underwent a 4-week conventional rehabilitation program. Participants in the experimental group engaged in a self-directed training program utilizing a wearable hand orthosis for 5 h daily, whereas the control group followed the identical regimen without the use of the orthosis.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) for spasticity, Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper and lower extremities (FMA-UE & FMA-LE), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Barthel Index (BI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experimental group showed greater improvements in FMA-UE (difference = 4.37, P = 0.022), BBS (difference = 12.37, P < 0.001), and BI (difference = 17.65, P < 0.001) compared to the control group. No significant differences were found in MAS (P = 0.654) or FMA-LE (P = 0.495). A stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that improvement in FMA-UE was a significant predictor of BBS recovery in the experimental group (<i>r</i> ² = 0.207, P = 0.022).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of a wearable hand orthosis in self-directed training significantly improved upper limb motor recovery, balance, and ADL abilities in stroke survivors. The observed correlation between upper limb recovery and balance improvement indicates the potential of this orthosis to facilitate comprehensive rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1600706"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of unanticipated and backhand area smash landing on the lower limb biomechanics of female badminton players.","authors":"Zhanyang He, Zeqi Fang, Haoxiang Ye, Sujing Su","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1609911","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1609911","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;In badminton, lower limb injuries frequently occur during unanticipated smash landing movements. Additionally, the risk of lower limb injuries may vary depending on different landing strategies. This study aims to investigate the impact of unanticipated factors and two types of smash actions in the backhand area on lower limb biomechanics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;A motion capture system and force plates were used to collect biomechanic data of 13 female athletes (age: 21.2 ± 1.9 years; height: 167.1 ± 4.1 cm; weight: 57.3 ± 5.1 kg) during backhand rear-court jump smash (BRJS) and backhand lateral jump smash (BLJS) in both anticipated and unanticipated conditions. Unanticipated tasks were conducted by having the athletes perform a random number of specific badminton corner drills, followed by a random movement command given by a signboard and a shuttlecock being launched towards the left half-court by a machine. Waveform analysis was performed using Statistical Parametric Mapping, and discrete parameters were analyzed using a 2 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results indicated that under unanticipated conditions, both BRJS and BLJS led to higher vertical instantaneous load rates (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003, &lt;math&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/math&gt; = 0.314) and knee extension moments (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.013, &lt;math&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/math&gt; = 0.231) at initial contact (IC). The main effect results indicated that BRJS caused greater knee abduction angles (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.03, &lt;math&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/math&gt; = 0.182) and knee adduction moments (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.010, &lt;math&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/math&gt; = 0.248) at IC than BLJS, while the interaction effects showed that BRJS had a greater frontal plane center of pressure displacement under unanticipated conditions (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.041, &lt;math&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/math&gt; = 0.186). BLJS showed greater knee extension moments (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.013, &lt;math&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/math&gt; = 0.231) and smaller knee (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002, &lt;math&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/math&gt; = 0.347) and hip (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001, &lt;math&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/math&gt; = 0.491) flexion angles at IC compared to BRJS. Additionally, BLJS demonstrated higher peak ankle internal rotation moments (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.018, &lt;math&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/math&gt; = 0.212) than BRJS, with a greater peak ankle inversion moment under unanticipated conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Unanticipated factors significantly impacted the biomechanics of both smash landing actions, potentially increasing the risk of ACL","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1609911"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective measurement methods for the evaluation of socket comfort in patients with transfemoral amputation: a systematic review.","authors":"Lisa Marie Tiesler, Melanie Edel, Fangxing Wang, Philipp Pieroh, Welf-Guntram Drossel, Alina Carabello, Daniel Zipplies, Christoph-Eckhard Heyde, Stefan Schleifenbaum","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1576729","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1576729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Achieving optimal fitting for the socket-limb interface in transfemoral amputees remains a significant challenge. This iterative fitting process largely relies on subjective feedback regarding the patient's comfort and the expertise of the prosthetist. Consequently, this review aims to explore methods for identifying issues at the socket-limb interface through both objective and subjective measurement approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All articles available in MEDLINE and Web of Science up to May 2024 were screened and evaluated, with the authors conducting a quality assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The socket design was the most frequently studied factor influencing the socket-limb interface (11/25), with investigations addressing challenges such as volume fluctuations (5/25), pressure and shear forces (4/25), femur pistoning (3/25), perspiration and ventilation (2/25), and prosthesis alignment (1/25). Objective measurement methods included gait analysis (6/25), mobility tests (7/25), radiological techniques (8/25), pressure sensors (5/25), and thermal sensors/imaging (2/25), as well as optical and metabolic assessments (3/25). Several studies (17/25) combined objective analyses with subjective questionnaires, such as the Socket Comfort Score (SCS) and Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ), to evaluate comfort, satisfaction, and prosthetic preferences across varying socket designs. Individualized questionnaires addressing socket design preferences were also employed. Furthermore, a final clustered analysis was conducted to allow comparisons of approaches and tools used for examining similar issues. Despite methodological advancements, a lack of standardization in measurement approaches was evident.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this systematic review highlight significant gaps in current methods for evaluating the socket-limb interface in transfemoral amputees. While both subjective questionnaires, such as the SCS and PEQ, and objective tools, including pressure sensors and motion analyses, offer valuable insights, neither approach alone is sufficient to comprehensively assess prosthetic fit and comfort. Methodological inconsistencies and the absence of standardized protocols further impede advancements in this field. This review underscores the need for a validated and standardized measurement method that combines subjective and objective approaches to enhance evaluation accuracy. Addressing these challenges will enable the development of reliable tools for assessing socket-limb interface quality, especially prosthetic fit and comfort, and drive progress in improving prosthetic functionality and patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42023405042, identifier, CRD42023405042.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1576729"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfusion process with tangential flow filtration for oncolytic VSV-GP production.","authors":"Orsolya Hamusics, Anja Wittmann, Katrin Hasler, Sabrina Müller, Daniel Birk, Ingo H Gorr, Alexander Brix, Jorge Soza-Ried","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1588293","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1588293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oncolytic vesicular stomatitis (VSV)-GP virus is a promising therapeutic against cancer. To ensure clinical efficacy, doses with high titers are required, which poses a challenge for the manufacturing process. Perfusion cultivation processes with high cell densities have attracted great interest to improve the production titer. This work aimed to enhance the titer of the VSV-GP production process with suspension human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells by using perfusion with tangential flow filtration (TFF) and virus retention. For this purpose, six potential critical process parameters were evaluated using I-optimal design of experiments (DoE). The study showed that several input parameters and their interactions have significant impact on the infectious titer. Increasing the seeding cell density significantly improved the infectious titer, allowing infection at up to 46.6 × 10⁶ cells mL^-1 without decrease in the cell-specific virus yield. Keeping the perfusion pause after infection at minimum (1.1-1.3 h) and subsequently start the perfusion with a higher exchange rate (0.045-0.051 nL cell^-1 d^-1) was shown to be beneficial. The process was sensitive to shear stress and thus, the optimal crossflow rate was between 44 and 55 mL min^-1, which corresponds to 950-1150 s^-1 shear rate. By optimizing the perfusion process, the titer reached up to 5.1 × 10¹⁰ TCID₅₀ mL^-1, which is 17-fold higher than in batch cultivation. Overall, this work presents perfusion cultivation as an efficient technology to improve the VSV-GP titer with virus retention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1588293"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcutaneous injection of genetically engineered exosomes for androgenic alopecia treatment.","authors":"Yukun Liu, Yonghong Liu, Jing Zhao, Tianyi Deng, Yinyin Ben, Ruitao Lu, Xusha Zhou, Runbin Yan, Xiaoqing Chen, Jian V Zhang, Grace Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1614090","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1614090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common disorder that negatively impacts quality of life but remains challenging to treat effectively. The hair loss observed in AGA is the consequence of a gradual reduction in the duration of the anagen phase concomitant of the miniaturization of the hair follicles and subsequent atrophy. This process of miniaturization is associated with abnormalities in the Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) induced dermal papilla cells (DPCs). DHT induces DPCs senescence and promotes apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells and keratinocytes via the DPCs paracrine pathway, which ultimately leads to follicular miniaturization. In this study, we developed a multifunctional exosome-based targeted delivery platform, designated as EX104, through the engineering of HEK-293 cells to express a combination of therapeutical molecules, including WNT10B, VEGFA, and FGF7. EX104 reversed the hair follicle miniaturization phenotype in DHT-induced DPCs. Furthermore, it demonstrated significant hair growth-promoting effects in the murine model of androgenetic alopecia by remodeling the follicular microenvironment and restoring miniaturized hair follicles. Topical EX104 application demonstrated comparable hair growth promotion to first-line minoxidil, while significantly outperforming it in stimulating capillary growth and follicular proliferation. EX104 represents a promising and innovative strategy for AGA management and follicular regenerative therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1614090"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical properties of 3D voxel-printed materials for cardiovascular tissue imitation.","authors":"Joël Illi, Manuel Bergamin, Marc Ilic, Anselm W Stark, Stefan Bracher, Martin Hofmann, Juergen Burger, Isaac Shiri, Andreas Haeberlin, Christoph Gräni","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1569553","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1569553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular patient-specific phantoms can improve patient care through testing and simulation. However, materials like silicone and 3D-printing polymers differ mechanically from biological tissues. Agilus30 Clear, the primary material for 3D-printed phantoms, is much stiffer, nearly isotropic, and lacks strain-hardening behavior. To overcome these challenges, a novel 3D voxel-printing approach may provide an effective solution.</p><p><strong>Methods/aim: </strong>This study aimed to explore the applicability of 3D voxel printing, assess how different parameters (strand structure, density, and orientation) affect mechanical properties, and compare them to established phantom materials and porcine cardiovascular tissues. Progressive uniaxial cyclic tension tests were performed across nine stages, varying strain rates and target strain levels, with elastic modulus calculated for comparison. The goal was to stepwise assess whether the overall material stiffness can be reduced, achieving anisotropy and replicating strain-hardening behavior.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the first step, varying the strand density, the tested samples showed a 0%-60% strain modulus of elasticity of 0.215-0.278 N/mm², representing a 4-5-fold reduction in elastic modulus compared to that of the base material, Agilus30 Clear. In the second step, varying the orientation of the structures had a significant influence on the elastic modulus, which was measured. The 0%-60% modulus of elasticity decreased to 0.161-0.192 N/mm², displaying anisotropic material behavior. In the third step, two strand structures specifically designed to mimic fiber recruitment were tested. These resulted in slightly flatter (more linear) stress-strain curves compared to the non-linear strain-softening behavior observed in Agilus30 Clear. However, they still fell short of replicating the desired non-linear strain-hardening behavior characteristic of fiber recruitment in cardiovascular tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The novel 3D voxel-printing material approach resulted in reduced elastic modulus, anisotropic behavior, and strain-hardening properties, providing a much closer representation of the mechanical behavior of porcine cardiovascular tissues compared to other available phantom materials. However, there is still significant potential for optimization through further exploration of fiber recruitment replication.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1569553"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D culture of neural progenitor cells in gelatin norbornene (GelNB) hydrogels: mechanical tuning and hypoxia characterization.","authors":"Sandra Dienemann, Ole Jacob Wohlenberg, Jan Georg Gerstenberger, Antonina Lavrentieva, Iliyana Pepelanova","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1579580","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1579580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of physiologically relevant three-dimensional (3D) culture platforms for neural stem cell (NSC) cultivation is essential for advancing neuroscience research, disease modelling, and regenerative medicine. In this study, we introduce norbornene-functionalized gelatin (GelNB) hydrogels crosslinked with a laminin-based peptide as a bioactive scaffold for NSC culture. A central composite design of experiments (DoE) approach was employed to systematically map hydrogel mechanical properties across varying macromer (4%-7%) and crosslinker (3-9 mM) concentrations via a response surface. This enabled precise tuning of hydrogel stiffness between 0.5 and 3.5 kPa, closely mimicking the mechanical properties of brain tissue. The optimized GelNB hydrogel formulation (5% GelNB, 8 mM crosslinker) supported NSC viability and enhanced NSC cluster formation demonstrating its suitability for 3D neural cell culture. Furthermore, we characterized the onset of hypoxia in 3D constructs using genetically encoded fluorescent hypoxia biosensors, revealing a cell density-dependent hypoxic response. At 3 × 10⁶ cells/mL, hypoxic response was detected only after 7 days of cultivation, whereas at 8 × 10⁶ cells/mL, hypoxic response was already observed within 24 h, illustrating the importance for using adequate cell numbers to avoid or achieve <i>in situ</i> physiological hypoxia. These findings highlight the importance of controlled ECM properties and oxygen microenvironments in NSC cultivation and provide valuable insights for the development of advanced biomimetic neural tissue models.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1579580"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of anaerobic bacterial strains by pyrolysis-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry.","authors":"Tim Kobelt, Jonas Klose, Rumjhum Mukherjee, Martin Lippmann, Szymon P Szafranski, Meike Stiesch, Stefan Zimmermann","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1582565","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1582565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid identification of bacterial pathogens is critical for the early diagnosis of severe clinical conditions, such as sepsis or implant-associated infections, and for the initiation of timely, targeted therapies. This need is particularly acute within the complex oral microbiome, where diverse opportunistic pathogens contribute to a range of local and systemic diseases. While techniques such as phenotypic systems and MALDI-TOF-MS offer faster results, they remain limited by costs, and operational constraints. To address these challenges and cater to the need for rapid identification of bacteria, we present a system for identification and classification of anaerobic bacteria as a first example. This system combines a pyrolyzer, a gas chromatograph and a highly sensitive ion mobility spectrometer. The ion mobility spectrometer has been optimized for coupling with the gas chromatograph and offers simultaneously recording of ion mobility spectra in both ion polarities during one gas chromatographic separation by using two drift tubes arranged in axial configuration. Feasibility has been demonstrated by building a database of fingerprints of eleven isolated reference samples of anaerobic bacteria with clinical relevance. Preliminary experiments have demonstrated that pattern recognition algorithms can predict the genus of isolated bacteria with a precision of up to 97%.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1582565"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent blood collection robot: key technologies, clinical applications, and future challenges.","authors":"Yaqing Wang, Huajiang Ruan, Yaoqin Ruan, Qi Li, Chen Wang, Zhaoxi Fang","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1587114","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1587114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blood collection is one of the key steps in blood testing. The use of intelligent blood collection robots to achieve automated blood collection can effectively reduce the workload of medical staff, improve the efficiency and accuracy of blood collection, and improve the patient experience, and has received extensive attention from academic and industrial circles in recent years. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive introduction to the key technologies, latest research progress, current clinical application status, and future development opportunities and challenges of intelligent blood collection robots. The paper introduces the key technologies that can achieve autonomous blood collection, including blood vessel recognition and positioning technology, mechanical arm design, and puncture control technology. Among them, blood vessel recognition and positioning is one of the key supporting technologies for intelligent blood collection, which can be realized by using technologies such as machine vision, near-infrared imaging, and ultrasound imaging. In addition, the paper also introduces some existing commercial intelligent blood collection robots and their clinical application cases in hospitals. Finally, we analyze the future application prospects and challenges of intelligent blood collection robots.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1587114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}