Food Science & Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Integrating CBAM and Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks for Accurate Grapevine Leaf Disease Diagnosis","authors":"Yavuz Unal","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70377","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The vine plant holds significant importance beyond grape farming due to its diverse products. Various grape-derived products, such as wine and molasses, highlight the vine plant's role as a valuable agricultural resource. Additionally, traditional cuisines around the world widely utilize grape leaves, contributing to their substantial economic value. However, diseases affecting grape leaves not only harm the plant and its yield but also render the leaves unsuitable for culinary use, leading to considerable economic losses for producers. Detecting diseases on grape leaves is a challenging and time-consuming task when performed manually. Thus, developing a deep learning-based model to automate the classification of grape leaf diseases is of critical importance. This study aims to classify the most common grape leaf diseases grape—scab (grape leaf blister mite) and downy mildew (grapevine downy mildew) alongside healthy leaves using deep learning techniques. Initially, we conducted a basic classification using pre-trained deep learning models. Subsequently, the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) and Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks (SE) were integrated into the most successful pre-trained classification model to enhance classification performance. As a result, the classification accuracy improved from 92.73% to 96.36%.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Plum-Sour-Based Marination Liquids Enriched With Linalool and Eugenol on the Microbiological and Sensory Quality of Chicken Breast Meat","authors":"Merva Nur Atasoy,&nbsp;Bahar Tuba Findik,&nbsp;Hilal Yildiz","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70361","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Herein, the effects of linalool and eugenol in a plum-sour-based marinade were investigated to extend the shelf life of vacuum-packed chicken breast fillets by controlling pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. Chicken breast fillets were marinated in a plum-sour-based marinade containing linalool or eugenol at a ratio of 0.15% or 0.30%, as determined by the results of in vitro antibacterial analysis. The pH and microbiological quality of the samples were assessed on 0, 3, 6, and 9 days of storage. The dominant microorganisms in the chicken breast fillets were found to be TVC and <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. The addition of essential active components to the marinade resulted in significant antibacterial effects compared to the control sample on day 9 of storage (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The linalool-added marinade was able to reduce the number of TVC and <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. by 2.183 and 1.967 log units, respectively. On the other hand, the eugenol-added marinade reduced TVC and <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. counts by 1.893 and 2.097 log units, respectively. The number of LABs decreased by 0.97–1.68 log units in all test groups compared to the control on day 9 of storage (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Total coliform counts were below the detection limit (&lt; 1 log₁₀ CFU/g) in all experimental groups, while they increased in the control group during storage. The number of yeast and mold in the eugenol-containing test groups reduced significantly in comparison to all tested groups. Sensory evaluation of the samples showed that the 0.15% eugenol marinade had higher scores than the linalool marinade for all parameters tested.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Intake on Lipid Metabolism and Plaque Volume in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials","authors":"Chunyu Zhang,&nbsp;Yulei Xie,&nbsp;Jie Zhou,&nbsp;Chun Zhang,&nbsp;Qilang Xiang,&nbsp;Yi Zhong,&nbsp;Juan Xiao,&nbsp;Jian Feng,&nbsp;Bin Liao,&nbsp;Xuxin Chen,&nbsp;Li Deng","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70372","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This systematic review and meta-analysis of 23 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) encompassed an overall sample size of 2061 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease. The objective was to assess the impact of omega-3 fatty acids intake on lipid profiles and arterial plaque volume. Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation significantly reduced circulating levels of triglycerides (TGs) (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.38 to −0.11) and total cholesterol (TC) (SMD = −0.12, 95% CI = −0.23 to −0.02), with no significant impact on the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), or arterial plaque volume. Our omega-3 fatty acids dose–response analysis revealed a linear relationship with TG and a “J” shaped curve for TC and LDL-C levels. Our findings suggest that omega-3 fatty acids intake had a positive impact on the circulating levels of TG and TC. Our findings underscore the importance of tailoring omega-3 fatty acids dosage to individual patient needs in clinical practice.</p><p><b>Trial Registration:</b> PROSPERO:CRD42023486434</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70372","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol Downregulated PRDX4 Expression to Inhibit the Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway","authors":"Hongzhi Li,&nbsp;Zhun Wang,&nbsp;Xueji Chen,&nbsp;Shuai Li,&nbsp;Fang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70352","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common urological cancer. Resveratrol, a natural plant polyphenol, has demonstrated antitumor efficacy in various human cancers. Despite its recognized potential, the specific impact of resveratrol on RCC remains unclear. This study aimed to ascertain the potential of resveratrol in suppressing RCC progression and to elucidate the intricate molecular mechanisms governing its effects. The CCK8 assay outcomes indicate that resveratrol inhibits RCC cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Transwell and wound healing assays confirmed the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on RCC cell invasion and migration. Flow cytometry further demonstrated that resveratrol induced apoptosis in RCC cells. Additionally, in vivo experiments have established the ability of resveratrol to impede RCC tumor growth. Mechanistically, resveratrol exhibits its inhibitory influence on RCC cells by downregulating PRDX4 expression, consequently weakening the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These findings gain support from experiments utilizing a Wnt/β-catenin pathway activator. In summary, our results suggest that resveratrol impedes the progression of RCC by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via the downregulation of PRDX4.PRDX4.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional and Biochemical Assessment of Edible Fruits From Angola's Native Flora","authors":"Josefa Rangel,&nbsp;Ângela Liberal,&nbsp;Tânia C. S. P. Pires,&nbsp;Tiane C. Finimundy,&nbsp;Lillian Barros,&nbsp;Filipa Monteiro,&nbsp;Maria M. Romeiras,&nbsp;Ângela Fernandes","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70283","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Angola's native flora hides a wealth of underexplored edible fruits with significant nutritional and bioactive potential. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the physicochemical and bioactive potential of some less explored edible fruits from this country, namely <i>Annona muricata</i>, <i>A. squamosa</i>, <i>A. senegalensis</i>, <i>A. boehmii</i>, <i>Dacryodes edulis</i>, and <i>Strychnos spinosa</i>. Nutritional profiling revealed carbohydrates as the predominant macronutrient, with <i>A. muricata</i> exhibiting the highest concentration (93.3 g/100 g dw). <i>D. edulis</i>, in turn, stood out for its high fat content (40.5 g/100 g dw), while <i>A. senegalensis</i> contained the highest protein levels (15–6 g/100 g dw). Free sugars analysis highlighted <i>A. squamosa</i> for its elevated fructose and glucose levels, contributing to its pronounced characteristic sweetness, whereas <i>D. edulis</i> exhibited minimal sugar content (1.27 g/100 g dw). Organic acid profiling revealed malic acid as dominant. Saturated fatty acids were predominant across most fruits, with <i>A. boehmii</i> showing the highest levels (71.6%), while <i>A. senegalensis</i> was enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids (45.15%). The phenolic analysis revealed a rich profile in bioactive compounds, with <i>A. muricata</i> and <i>A. squamosa</i> exhibiting significant levels of quercetin-3-<i>O</i>-rutinoside, while <i>A. boehmii</i>, <i>S. spinosa</i>, and <i>D. edulis</i> were characterized by distinct major phenolic compounds, such as cyanidin-3-<i>O</i>-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-<i>O</i>-glucoside, and corilagin, respectively. Antioxidant activity was strongest in <i>D. edulis</i> and <i>A. senegalensis</i> (EC₅₀ = 0.18 and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively), while <i>A. squamosa</i> exhibited notable antibacterial activity (MIC = 0.3 mg/mL). This study underscores the nutritional and bioactive potential of Angola's native fruits, highlighting their applications in the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotection and Enhanced Learning and Memory Abilities of Steamed American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) Based on Zebrafish","authors":"Yuting Yang,&nbsp;Shuyun Liang,&nbsp;Mengdan Xu,&nbsp;Xiaokang Liu,&nbsp;Yunlong Guo,&nbsp;Jiyu Gong,&nbsp;Liru Zhao,&nbsp;Guangzhi Cai","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70369","url":null,"abstract":"<p>American ginseng (<i>Panax quinquefolius</i> L.) exhibits multiple pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. In 2023, it was officially approved as a dual-purpose substance for both medicinal and food applications, establishing it as a scientifically validated ingredient for functional foods and health supplements. We extracted total saponins (AGTS0-AGTS9) from American ginseng subjected to different steaming-drying cycles to explore how the steaming process affects saponin composition and neuroprotective activity. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap/MS) technology, 35 types of ginsenosides were identified from AGTS0-AGTS9. With increasing steaming cycles, the original ginsenoside content decreased, while the rare ginsenoside content gradually increased. During steaming, ginsenosides undergo deglycosylation, hydrolysis, and acetylation, transforming into rare ginsenosides. We employed two models–neuronal injury in transgenic zebrafish larvae and cognitive impairment in wild-type AB adults, both induced by AlCl₃–to assess the neuroprotective effects of AGTS0-AGTS9 and the memory-enhancing potential of AGTS5, respectively. Results showed that AGTS4, AGTS5, and AGTS6 markedly increased the neuronal fluorescence area and intensity in larvae, reduced acetylcholinesterase (AChE), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in larval tissues, while elevating acetylcholine (ACh), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) activities. AGTS5 exhibited the most potent neuroprotective activity. In adult zebrafish, AGTS5 significantly improved locomotor performance in the Novel Tank Test (NTT) and T-maze, increased Nissl body counts in the brain, reduced AChE activity and MDA/TNF-α/IL-6 levels, and enhanced ACh, SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT content. These findings demonstrate that AGTS5 holds promise as a functional food or nutritional supplement for neuroprotection and cognitive enhancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of Processed-to-Raw Food Conversion Factors for Estimating Food Raw Material Intake From Various Processed Foods: Valuable Tools for Dietary Exposure Assessments","authors":"Jiyun Baek,&nbsp;Yerim Han,&nbsp;Chaehyun Kim,&nbsp;You Rim Kang,&nbsp;Seung Hui Baik,&nbsp;Yoon Jung Park,&nbsp;Ji-Myung Kim,&nbsp;Youngjoo Kwon","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Estimating food intake is an important means of assessing dietary exposure to chemicals. However, while sources of concentration data (e.g., safety levels and nutrient content) are often available for food raw materials, foods are consumed in both processed and raw forms. Therefore, processed food intake levels must be properly converted to those of their constituent ingredients to accurately estimate food intake. On this premise, the current study aimed to generate processed-to-raw food conversion factors (PRCFs). To generate PRCFs, two approaches were primarily employed. One approach involved the percentage yield method, wherein conversion factors were generated by calculating reverse percentage yield. For foods that had undergone simple processing procedures (e.g., soaking and dehydration) as a whole foods, percentage yield was exclusively used. Nevertheless, numerous processed foods (e.g., milled grains and butter) are simultaneously produced from distinct fractions after undergoing separation from their initial raw materials. For these foods, PRCFs were derived using partition ratios in combination with reverse percentage yield. For the remaining processed foods (e.g., vinegars and tea infusions) in which weight changes were not easily traceable, the migration rate method, which calculates the content of specific components in the final processed food relative to that in the initial food ingredients, was utilized. The literature was extensively reviewed to collect the required data. In addition, polyphenol content was directly measured using the Folin–Ciocalteu assay to derive polyphenol migration rates for tea infusions and stocks prepared with spices. In total, the current study generated 120 PRCFs across diverse processing procedures and food types. These factors will serve as a valuable tool for the accurate estimation of food intake, thereby facilitating adequate dietary exposure assessments associated with food chemicals, such as pesticide residues, food contaminants, nutrients, and other substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioaccumulation of Mercury, Cadmium, Lead, and Arsenic in Whiting and Tub Gurnard From the Sea of Marmara: Implications for Human Health","authors":"Hande Dogruyol,&nbsp;İdil Can Tunçelli,&nbsp;Özkan Özden,&nbsp;Nuray Erkan,&nbsp;Firdes Saadet Karakulak","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70370","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Toxic trace elements tend to accumulate in the Sea of Marmara, a semi-enclosed body of water, exacerbating pollution and posing a threat to human health through the consumption of bottom-dwelling fish. Mercury, cadmium, lead, and arsenic concentrations in two commercially important species, whiting (<i>Merlangius merlangus euxinus</i>) and tub gurnard (<i>Chelidonichthys lucerna</i>), were investigated from eight different locations. Considering the regulatory limits (EU Regulation 2023/915), Hg levels in whiting surpassed the safety threshold, while in tub gurnard the concentrations were higher than 0.30 g/kg at three sampling sites. None of the samples reached the limit values set for Cd and Pb. Although no official limit has been established for As in fish, its concentrations were found to be notable in both species. Overall, whiting presented a higher level of toxicological risk compared to tub gurnard. Total target hazard quotients (TTHQs) exceeded the safety threshold of 1 for individuals weighing 50 kg—typically adolescents or young adults—at all whiting sampling locations, indicating potential health risks for this sensitive population. In tub gurnard, TTHQ values surpassed 1 at only three locations. Notably, the highest TTHQ for Hg was recorded in samples from the western region of the sea, exceeding 1 for all individuals, further underscoring the potential risk associated with consumption. The carcinogenic Target Risk (TR) for inorganic As was found to be unacceptable in whiting captured from this location for all body weights and from the southern location for 50 kg people. Individuals with lower body weight are more susceptible to the risks associated with consuming demersal fish. To mitigate the risks of bioaccumulation, it is advisable to diversify frequently consumed foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70370","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Maternal Vitamin K2 Levels in Late Pregnancy and Newborn Bone Metabolism","authors":"Xuejing Liu,&nbsp;Shuo Wang,&nbsp;Han Chen,&nbsp;Nianfeng Qian,&nbsp;Lina Wu,&nbsp;Yingnuo Liu,&nbsp;Zhaoxi Hou,&nbsp;Yueting Bai,&nbsp;Hongqing Jiang","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70363","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We aimed to explore maternal vitamin K2 levels in late pregnancy and their association with neonatal bone metabolism markers. This study included 197 pregnant women and their matched newborns. Blood samples were collected from the mothers 1–2 days before delivery and from the umbilical cord immediately after birth. Serum vitamin K2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Maternal vitamin K2 levels were categorized into vitamin K2 deficiency (&lt; 0.1 ng/mL) and normal (0.1–0.86 ng/mL) groups. Maternal vitamin K2 deficiency prevalence was 38.6%. Spearman's correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between maternal vitamin K2 and newborn 25-OHD levels (<i>r</i> = 0.368, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Maternal osteocalcin (OC), newborn OC, and newborn parathyroid hormone levels in the vitamin K2 deficiency group were significantly higher than those in the normal group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that maternal vitamin K2 and newborn calcium levels were independent risk factors for neonatal 25-OHD insufficiency. In conclusion, maternal vitamin K2 deficiency is prevalent during late pregnancy and may adversely affect both maternal and neonatal bone metabolism, highlighting the importance of vitamin K2 supplementation during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Antioxidant Synergism Mechanism of 3D Printing Based Shanyao–Fuling–Yiyiren Decoction via Fuzzy Mathematical Method, Network Pharmacology, and In Vitro Experimental Validation","authors":"Haoran Fan,&nbsp;Cai You,&nbsp;Chenxi Ren,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Liu,&nbsp;Yining Feng,&nbsp;Ganghui Chu,&nbsp;Abdulla Yusuf,&nbsp;Chunbo Liu,&nbsp;Liemin Ruan,&nbsp;Jia Xu,&nbsp;Tianzhu Guan","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70349","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study demonstrates the antioxidative stress potential of Shanyao–Fuling–Yiyiren (SFY) decoction—a Chinese polyherbal formulation derived from Si Fang decoction—by establishing a systematic framework that integrates network pharmacology, molecular docking, in vitro synergy assays, cellular experiments, and 3D printing. Despite its long traditional use, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying its antioxidative effects remain unclear, and its formulations are based more on empirical methods than on systematic design. To fill this gap, a fuzzy mathematical model was used to select the optimal polyherbal combination. A central composite circumscribed design determined that a Shanyao:Fuling:Yiyiren ratio of 2:2:1 maximized radical scavenging, with a strong correlation (<i>R</i>² = 0.9665) between antioxidant activity and the combination index. Furthermore, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and cell-based assays jointly confirm the AKT1/GSK3β/HIF1α pathway plays a crucial role in preventing the antioxidant effects of SFY. Finally, the development of 3D printing SFY-inks with the optimized shape fidelity suggests promising applications for both nutraceuticals and hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis. Overall, the results prove that 3D printing SFY-based polyherbal formulation with promising antioxidant potential and maximum synergism may indeed be a potential source of preventing oxidant damages in pharmaceutical and food industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70349","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}