Foodborne pathogens and disease最新文献

{"title":"Do Temperature Abuses Along the Frozen Açaí Pulp Value Chain Increase Microbial Hazards?","authors":"Jéssica Caroline Araujo Silva Sandes, Eduardo Henrique Miranda Walter, Gustavo Luis de Paiva Anciens Ramos, Virgínia Martins da Matta, Lourdes Maria Correa Cabral","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0073","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Does temperature abuse during storage, distribution, marketing, and consumption of unpasteurized frozen açaí pulp increase microbial hazards? This study investigated the behavior of potentially pathogenic (<i>Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella</i> spp.) and spoilage (mesophilic bacteria, yeasts and molds) microorganisms in two simulated thawing conditions: under refrigeration and at room temperature. The effect of repeated cold chain abuse was observed by thawing and refreezing (-20°C) açaí pulp four times over a period of 90 days. Freezing resulted in inhibition of all microorganisms except for mesophilic aerobic bacteria in one single sample. After thawing at 5°C, the kinetic parameters obtained by the Weibull model indicated that mesophilic aerobic bacteria, yeasts and molds and <i>L. monocytogenes</i> showed a longer inactivation time with <i>δ</i> values reaching 35, 126, and 46 days, respectively. The shortest inactivation time for a reduction of 4 log CFU.g^-1 was for <i>E. coli</i>. The concentration of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. and <i>L. monocytogenes</i> in control samples was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.01) than in samples exposed to abusive conditions after 90 days of storage. The results indicate that the abusive thawing conditions studied do not increase the potential hazards of pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"452-458"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience and Perspectives on Antibacterial Therapy for Listeriosis in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in China: A Retrospective Study and Health Care Provider Survey.","authors":"Naiju Zhang, Zhenjie Wang, Zhijun Li, Yongzhong Xie, Jinchun Liu, Chunming Gao, Chuanmiao Liu, Tianping Chen","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0079","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Listeriosis is a rare, life-threatening bacterial infection. Prompt, appropriate antibiotic treatment is essential to save lives. We aimed to investigate antibiotic selection and listeriosis knowledge among health care providers. We first performed a retrospective study on patients with listeriosis who were treated in a hospital in China from January 2013 to March 2023. Patient characteristics and antibiotic selections were recorded. Antibiotics were classified as effective or ineffective based on the efficacy classifications listed in <i>The Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy</i> (50^th edition). We then conducted a questionnaire survey of health care providers to investigate their listeriosis knowledge and practices between April 2023 to May 2023. Fifteen listeriosis patients were identified, with a case fatality rate of 26.7% (4/15). Empirical treatments assessed as effective antibiotics or ineffective antibiotics were given to 33.3% (5/15) and 66.7% (10/15) of the patients, respectively. After <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> was identified, 40% (6/15) of the patients received an adjustment to their antibiotics, although 50% (3/6) patients still received ineffective antibiotics. The questionnaire survey of 77 participating health care providers showed that 32.9% (24/73) of the clinicians were unaware of the appropriate antibiotics for listeriosis. Most participants (83.1%, 64/77) would read the drug sensitivity report before selecting the antibiotics. The selection of effective antibiotics differed between the infectious diseases department and other departments (<i>p</i> < 0.001), but did not differ between junior title and other titles (<i>p</i> = 0.088). Most patients with listeriosis did not receive appropriate antibiotics, which might have accounted for the high fatality rate, and may have resulted from inadequate listeriosis knowledge. More education and correct reporting of drug sensitivity results are urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"505-513"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142947051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Streptococcus</i> Species Isolated from Subclinical Bovine Mastitis.","authors":"Abu Al Farabi, Hemayet Hossain, Khadiza A Brishty, Md Hafizar Rahman, Mostafizor Rahman, Md Saiful Islam Siddiqui, Mohammad Atikuzzaman, Asmaa Saleh, Reem Binsuwaidan, Heba Mohammed Refat M Selim, Ayman Noreddin, Yosra A Helmy, Md Mahfujur Rahman, Himel Barua, Mohamed E El Zowalaty","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0097","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is a prevalent serious disease among dairy cows worldwide. It poses a significant challenge to the dairy industry, animal welfare, and a threat to public health. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular detection, prevalence, and antimicrobial resistance of <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. and <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. isolated from raw composite milk samples obtained from SCM dairy cattle in Bangladesh. A total of 612 quarters milk samples obtained from 153 cows were analyzed for SCM using the California Mastitis Test. Bacterial isolation and identification were carried out and bacterial species were confirmed using molecular polymerase chain reaction methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disc diffusion method. The findings revealed that the prevalence of SCM was 70.3% (26/37), 35.95% (55/153), and 23.04% (141/612) in the herd, cow, and quarter levels, respectively. Among the positive samples, 92.7% (51/55) were <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (<i>S. aureus, S. chromogenes</i>, and <i>S. simulans</i>) and the remaining isolates were 7.3% (4/55) <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. (<i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> and <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i>). The most prevalent species was <i>S. chromogenes,</i> accounting for 67.3% (37/55). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that 65.5% of isolates were susceptible to cefoxitin, whereas, 89.1% were resistant to penicillin. Overall, 12 isolates (21.8%) out of 55 were resistant to more than three classes of antimicrobials and were defined as multidrug-resistant isolates. Methicillin-resistance gene was detected in 61.1% of the cefoxitin-resistant isolates. A multivariate logistic regression analysis identified five potential risk factors including the lack of post-milking teat disinfection (OR: 3.06), absence of immediate feeding after milking (OR: 9.81), poor udder hygiene (OR: 7.83), tick infestation (OR: 13.76), and absence of dry cow therapy (OR: 3.31). The findings of the current study underscore the urgent requirement for targeted interventions, considering the identified factors to effectively manage and control SCM in dairy cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"467-476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas12 System-Based Assay for Rapid, Sensitive Detection of Rotavirus in Food Samples.","authors":"Shirui Gou, Yan Liu, Qianqian Li, Jielin Yang, Long Qiu, Yu Zhao","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0078","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foodborne viruses have become an important threat to food safety and human health. Among the foodborne viruses, group A rotavirus is the most important pathogen of diarrhea in autumn and winter. The field detection of rotavirus is crucial for the early control of infection and patient management. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction is the most widely used in virus detection. However, the technique relies on high-cost instruments and trained personnel, which limit its use in field detection. In this study, we developed accurate, realizable, and simple detection methods by combining optimized CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) Cas12 and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) (reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification) to reduce the requirements for temperature control and costly real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction instruments. We investigated two nucleic acid detection systems combining RT-LAMP with CRISPR Cas12a and RT-LAMP with CRISPR Cas12b and compared them with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The resulting detection system only needs a reaction temperature and in single tube to react for 60 min with the detection sensitivity of 38 copies/μL. Overall, this study developed an innovative method for the rapid detection of rotavirus in food samples, which will help to effectively identify food contaminated by pathogens and prevent human infections and economic losses caused by disease outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"459-466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Antibacterial Activities and Effects of Baicalin on Ampicillin Resistance of MRSA and <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i>.","authors":"Kun Chen, Xiaojing Liu, Lin Song, Ying Wang, Jingwen Zhang, Yaxin Song, Haonan Zhuang, Jinling Shen, Jielin Yang, Chuantao Peng, Jinhong Zang, Qingli Yang, Day Li, Tanushree B Gupta, Dehua Guo, Zhaojie Li","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0074","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of novel antibacterial agents from plant sources is emerging as a successful strategy to combat antibiotic resistance in pathogens. In this study, we systemically investigated the antibacterial activity and underlying mechanisms of baicalin against methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) and <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i>. Our results showed that baicalin effectively restrained bacterial proliferation, compromised the integrity of cellular membranes, increased membrane permeability, and triggered oxidative stress within bacteria. Transcriptome profiling revealed that baicalin disrupted numerous biological pathways related to antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, cellular membrane permeability, bacterial virulence, and so on. Furthermore, baicalin demonstrated a synergistic antibacterial effect when combined with ampicillin against both MRSA and <i>S</i>. <i>maltophilia</i>. In conclusion, baicalin proves to be a potent antibacterial agent with significant potential for addressing the challenge of antibiotic resistance in pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"477-488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Worldwide Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence and Subtype Distribution of <i>Blastocystis</i> sp. in Water Sources: A Public Health Concern.","authors":"Farzad Mahdavi, Farajolah Maleki, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Mahtab Mehboodi, Fatemeh Hanifeh, Ali Asghari, Behnam Mohammadi-Ghalehbin","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0107","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contaminated water sources can result in outbreaks of parasitic infections such as <i>Blastocystis</i> sp. in communities, creating a substantial strain on healthcare systems and affecting the general health of the population. To ascertain the prevalence and subtype distribution of <i>Blastocystis</i> sp. in water sources globally, a systematic review and meta-analysis of published papers up to May 19, 2024 were carried out. A thorough search of multiple electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) identified 24 studies/28 datasets meeting the inclusion criteria, encompassing 2,451 water samples from 15 countries worldwide. Water samples comprised wastewater (six datasets, 285 samples), tap/drinking water (10 datasets, 253 samples), surface water (eight datasets, 1013 samples), and uncategorized water (four datasets, 900 samples). Total estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using a random-effects model. This review found that 18.8% (95% CI: 12.8-26.9%) of examined water samples contained <i>Blastocystis</i> sp. Wastewater showed the highest <i>Blastocystis</i> sp. infection rate at 35.5% (95% CI: 13.5-66.1%), followed by tap/drinking water at 19.1% (95% CI: 9.5-34.5%), surface water at 17.6% (95% CI: 7.2-36.8%), and uncategorized water at 9.9% (95% CI: 4.1-21.8%). Sensitivity analysis assessed weighted prevalence variations following the exclusion of individual studies. Subgroup analysis of <i>Blastocystis</i> sp. prevalence was performed based on publication years, countries, continents, WHO regions, sample sizes, and diagnostic methods. Water samples can be the source of infection for nine <i>Blastocystis</i> sp. subtypes (STs) (ST1-ST4, ST6, ST8, ST10, ST21, and ST24), with seven STs (ST1-ST4, ST6, ST8, and ST10) capable of infecting humans. It is important to take preventative and control measures, improve the cleanliness and quality of water sources, and promote public health awareness due to the presence of different parasites such as <i>Blastocystis</i> sp. in water sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"435-444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bovine Subclinical Mastitis Foodborne Pathogens: Risks and Mitigation of Microbial Safety of Raw Milk and Dairy Products.","authors":"Della Della, Uma Tiwari, Geraldine Duffy, Pablo Silva Boloña, Mark Fenelon, Triona O'Brien","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2025.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2025.0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine subclinical mastitis (SCM), unlike clinical mastitis, characterized by the absence of visible symptoms such as swelling and abnormal milk, represents an under-recognized challenge for microbial safety within the dairy industry. Because SCM lacks visible signs, it can serve as a silent source of contamination that is not easily identified or managed during milk production. The review critically examines the multifaceted interplay between SCM and the transmission of such pathogens in milk, highlighting their entry routes, detection modalities, and contributory risk factors to the dairy industry, considering global and regional variability, the prevalence, diversity, and emerging trends in milk-borne pathogens are considered. To address these challenges, an integrative One Health-aligned mitigation framework that combines microbial risk assessment, genomic surveillance, and data-driven risk prioritization is recommended. Such strategies aim to harmonize detection protocols, optimize antimicrobial stewardship, and strengthen control measures across dairy value chains. By synthesizing current knowledge, this review article underscores the importance of SCM as a food safety issue and offers a critical foundation for developing comprehensive strategies to mitigate public health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Causes of Enteric Outbreaks in New South Wales, Australia, from 2000 to 2017.","authors":"Neil Franklin, Kirsty Hope, Kathryn Glass, Martyn Kirk","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2025.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2025.0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are an estimated 4.7 million cases of foodborne illness in Australia each year, but the contaminated food items that are the source of these illnesses are rarely identified. Current knowledge relies largely on the few foodborne outbreaks where the implicated food commodity was identified. To better understand which foods cause outbreaks, we analyzed 18 years of foodborne outbreak data collected in New South Wales (NSW) and classified the food dishes responsible for the outbreaks into standardized categories based on type of dish and preparation method. A total of 869 outbreaks were reported in NSW from 2000 to 2017. Outbreaks with a suspected contaminated food or dish reported (57.1%) underwent dish reclassification that assigned the implicated food into two groupings that characterized the food consumed into commonly understood dish types (e.g., sandwich, stew, etc.) and how it was prepared (e.g., sliced, heated, etc.). The dish type associated with the most outbreaks was sandwiches (18.8%) followed by desserts (13.1%) and then stir fries (9.1%). The dishes associated with more serious outbreak outcomes (higher numbers of cases, hospitalizations, and deaths per outbreak) were those associated with ready to eat fresh produce. Dish preparations that did not involve a cooking step also resulted in more serious outcomes. While identifying contaminated food is crucial for food safety reasons, people rarely consider these risks when eating. Food carries the combined risks posed by the ingredients and preparation method followed. Education of food business operators and consumers needs to promote a view of food safety risk that goes beyond unsafe commodities, encouraging a holistic perspective that considers ingredients and preparation methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Antibiotic Resistance Phenotypes and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations in <i>Salmonella</i> Using Machine Learning Analysis of Its Pan-Genome and Pan-Resistome Features.","authors":"Yichen He, Xiujuan Zhou, Lida Zhang, Yan Cui, Yiping He, Andrew Gehring, Xiangyu Deng, Xianming Shi","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional experimental methods for determining antibiotic resistance phenotypes (ARPs) and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in bacteria are laborious and time consuming. This study aims to explore the potential of whole-genome sequencing data combined with machine learning models for robustly predicting ARPs and MICs in <i>Salmonella</i>. Using a training set of 6394 <i>Salmonella</i> genomes alongside antimicrobial susceptibility testing results, we built two machine learning (ML) predictive models based on the pan-genome and pan-resistome. Each model was implemented using three algorithms: random forest, extreme gradient boosting (XGB), and convolutional neural network. Among them, XGB achieved the highest overall accuracy, with the pan-genome and pan-resistome models accurately predicting ARPs (98.51% and 97.77%) and MICs (81.42% and 78.99%) for 15 commonly used antibiotics. Feature extraction from pan-genome and pan-resistome data effectively reduced computational complexity and significantly decreased computation time. Notably, fewer than 10 key genomic features, often linked to known resistance or mobile genes, were sufficient for robust predictions for each antibiotic. This study also identified challenges, including imbalanced resistance classes and imprecise MIC measurements, which impacted prediction accuracy. These findings highlight the importance of using multiple evaluation metrics to assess model performance comprehensively. Overall, our findings demonstrated that ML, utilizing pan-genome or pan-resistome features, was highly effective in predicting antibiotic resistance and identifying correlated genetic features in <i>Salmonella</i>. This approach holds great potential to supplement conventional culture-based methods for routine surveillance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NutriClay^Zn Harbors Bioavailable Zinc and Suppresses Multidrug-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Choleraesuis.","authors":"Steven J T Jackson, Kathleen Andrews, Robert E Droleskey, William J Banz, Gary A Apgar, Kelly J Rivenbark, Meichen Wang, Robin C Anderson, Roger B Harvey, Timothy D Phillips","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2025.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2025.0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmacological doses of zinc oxide (ZnO), far in excess of the nutritional requirement for zinc, are commonly added to weanling swine feed to suppress enterotoxigenic bacteria and thereby support piglet weight gains. However, excessive ZnO in the diet has come under scrutiny due to concerns that excreted zinc may accumulate beyond safe levels within topsoil and water supplies, as well as foster antibiotic drug resistance in bacterial pathogens that could then infect livestock and/or humans. Indeed, multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Salmonella</i> have been isolated from swine feces, focusing attention on new technologies to protect swine (and ultimately humans) while reducing dietary zinc toward the nutritional requirement. We hypothesized that NutriClay^Zn (an edible Generally Recognized As Safe substance consisting of low-dose ZnO immobilized on montmorillonite clay) could suppress MDR <i>Salmonella</i>, provide bioavailable zinc, and serve as a novel feed ingredient for weanling swine. NutriClay^Zn dose-response efficacy and thermal stability were assessed in cultures of MDR <i>Salmonella</i> Choleraesuis. Dissociated elemental zinc was measured under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. NutriClay^Zn consumption was assessed via <i>ad libitum</i> feeding, with bioavailable zinc calculations according to weanling swine treatment group intakes. <i>Salmonella</i> Choleraesuis (resistant to quinolone, sulfonamide, and aminoglycoside antibiotics) was susceptible to growth inhibition by heat-stable NutriClay^Zn. Under simulated gastrointestinal conditions, 22.8 µg of elemental zinc were released per milligram NutriClay^Zn. Furthermore, the rate at which weanling swine consumed NutriClay^Zn-containing feed (0.6 kg/day) supports fulfillment of the nutritional zinc requirement. These findings encourage future MDR <i>Salmonella</i> pathogen challenge trials, designed with NutriClay^Zn replacing pharmacological ZnO for control of enterotoxigenic bacteria in swine, as well as potentially eliminating the zinc component of mineral premixtures that are currently added to feed for nutritional purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}