Foodborne pathogens and disease最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of <i>Staphylococcus</i> Spp and Coliform Bacteria Contamination Sources after Cleaning-in-Place in Production Lines of Dairy Factories in Türkiye.","authors":"Fulden Karadal, Nurhan Ertas Onmaz, Cemalettin Bagci, Yeliz Ucar Yildirim, Harun Hizlisoy, Zafer Gonulalan, Serhat Al","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microorganisms detected on dairy factory surfaces after disinfection can cause product contamination, leading to economic losses and health hazards for consumers. In this study, the presence of <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. and Coliform in a total of 450 samples taken from food-contact and non-contact surfaces (stainless steel, plastic, cloth, and tiles surfaces), raw milk and final product (white cheese, kashar cheese, butter, yogurt, and cream) samples in five dairy factories was investigated by conventional techniques. The isolates obtained were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. In this study, a total of 54 <i>Staphylococci</i> (16.7% <i>S. aureus</i> and 81.5% coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococci</i> [CNS]) and 44 coliform isolates were identified at the species level. The most common CNS isolated by samples was <i>S. epidermidis</i> followed by <i>S. saprophyticus, S. capitis, S. succinus S. carnosus</i>. <i>S. xylosus, S. sciuri, S. equorum, S. warneri,</i> and <i>S. hominis</i>. Eighteen of the coliform isolates (41%) were identified as <i>E. coli</i>; 13 (29.5%) as <i>E. cloacae</i>; 3 (6.9%) as <i>E. kobei, C. freundii,</i> and <i>K. oxytoca</i>; 2 (4.5%) as <i>K. pneumoniae</i>; 1 (2.3%) as <i>E. ludwigii</i> and <i>C. farmeri</i>. The contamination rate of non-food contact surfaces (71.3%) was found to be higher than food contact surfaces (10.4%), and contaminated surfaces were found to be effective in product contamination. Study results show that some bacterial species obtained from raw milk, surfaces, and final products are factory specific and surface-associated bacteria are prominent in the product microbial profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, Multidrug Resistance, and Multilocus Sequence Typing of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase/AmpC-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> from Farmed Eggs.","authors":"Shumaila Taskeen, Randhir Singh, Jasbir Singh Bedi, Anil Kumar Arora, Rabinder Singh Aulakh, Jaswinder Singh","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study evaluated the occurrence, antibiogram profile, and sequence types (STs) of multidrug resistant (MDR) <i>Escherichia coli</i> from freshly laid eggs (<i>n</i> = 480), feed (<i>n</i> = 24), water (<i>n</i> = 24), poultry droppings (<i>n</i> = 24), and hand swab samples (<i>n</i> = 10) collected from 24 deep litter (DL) and caged poultry layer farms (12 per category) across Punjab, India. The overall <i>E. coli</i> contamination rate in DL and cage farms was 32% (95% confidence intervals [CI], 26.6-37.8%) and 16.7% (95% CI, 12.6-21.6%), respectively. The logistic regression analysis revealed that the DL system had higher odds of occurrence (odds ratio [OR]) of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) (2.195, 95% CI, 1.065, 4.522) and ESBL/AmpC coproducers (2.69, 95% CI, 1.122, 6.45) compared to the cage system. Additionally, isolates from the DL were 4.065 (95% CI, 1.477, 11.188) times more tetracycline resistant compared to the latter; however, resistance to amoxyclavulanate (OR, 0.437; 95% CI, 0.209, 0.912), and ampicillin (OR, 0.343; 95% CI, 0.163, 0.720) was lesser in DL system. Notably, around 97.7% and 87.2% of the isolates from the DL and cage system were MDR, with the DL system having 6.439 (95% CI, 1.246, 33.283) times more chances of harboring MDR <i>E. coli</i>. Additionally, among the resistance genes, the DL system demonstrated significantly high presence of <i>bla_AmpC</i> (56%), <i>qnr</i>A/B/S (42.3%), and <i>tet</i>A/B (30.6%). Furthermore, multilocus sequence typing of 11 MDR isolates (<i>n</i> = 5, DL, and 6, cage) revealed the presence of 10 STs, of which ST10, ST155, and ST156 were found to be of public health importance. Therefore, the present study highlights the burden of MDR, ESBL, and AmpC-producing <i>E. coli</i> on poultry eggs and farm environment, which could be carried over to human handlers and consumers upon direct contact during handling and processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Cost Estimates for Risk-Based Food Safety Management and Policy.","authors":"Sandra A Hoffmann, Elaine J Scallan Walter","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ten Years Later: Still Unchanged Susceptibility to Antibiotics of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> from Poultry Processing Environments.","authors":"Rakel Montiel, David Fernández, Pilar López, Sagrario Ortiz, David Pérez-Boto, Juan L Arqués, Joaquín V Martínez-Suárez","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is still recognized as being commonly susceptible to antibiotics; however, there have been reports of reduced susceptibility in recent years. The significance of this resistance is not clear, in part due to the disparity in the antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods used. EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing) has recently proposed a standardized method for antibiotic susceptibility testing of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. The aim of this work was to evaluate the susceptibility to 11 antibiotics in clinical use of 50 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> representing 347 isolates from a poultry industry setting using the EUCAST method and to compare the results with those obtained 10 years before. All poultry strains were sensitive to all the antibiotics tested but one strain was resistant to benzylpenicillin according to the EUCAST criteria. The current findings supported the previous study and confirmed that in certain food-associated <i>L. monocytogenes</i> populations, antibiotic sensitivity has remained stable.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Validation of Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i>) Metabolites as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Targeting the PlcR Receptor: An <i>In Silico</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Zekun Jin, Shijie Zhao, Haiyan Li, Qiuli Ouyang, Nengguo Tao","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0098","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the influence of garlic metabolites on the quorum sensing (QS) of <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, a foodborne pathogen that controls its main virulence factor through QS. The QS signal receptor PlcR of <i>B. cereus</i> was targeted by molecular docking with 82 garlic metabolites to identify the most potent QS inhibitors. Five metabolites, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, flavone, and rutin, were selected for further evaluation of their impacts on the growth, toxin production, and virulence of <i>B. cereus in vitro</i>. The expression levels of key QS genes were also measured to verify their anti-QS ability. The results revealed that quercetin reduced enterotoxin production by <i>B. cereus</i> but did not affect the QS process at the transcriptional level; flavone and rutin in garlic interfered with the QS of <i>B. cereus</i> by competing with the autoinducing peptide (AIP) PapR₇ for the PlcR binding site, resulting in decreased enterotoxin secretion and hemolysis without altering the bacterial growth. Interestingly, luteolin and kaempferol in garlic acted as AIP analogs and bound to PlcR to stimulate the QS process and virulence. Furthermore, kaempferol, luteolin, flavone, and rutin had distinct or opposite interactions with PapR₇ at the Gln237 or Tyr275 residues of PlcR, which determined the suppression or enhancement of the QS process. The findings suggested that flavone and rutin were effective compounds to inhibit the QS process in garlic and could be used as alternative methods to control <i>B. cereus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contamination of Hepatitis E Virus in Pig Livers of Different Market Types Collected from Seven Provinces of China.","authors":"Jiahui Wang, Fengqin Li, Li Zhou, Yanqiushuo Zou, Shaojun Zhang, Qingchao Xie, Nan Li, Li Bai, Séamus Fanning, Gabriel Gonzalez, Huihui Bao, Suzie Coughlan, Tao Jiang","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0057","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foodborne transmission of the Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is becoming an important public health problem in China, but the food associated with the HEV transmission route remains unclear. Pig liver is among the suspected food products involved in HEV transmission. Our research aimed to survey the contamination rate and genotype identification of HEV in pig livers from different types of markets in selected provinces of China. reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to screen for HEV in pig livers, nest RT-PCR was used for partial amplification of opren reading frame (ORF) 2, followed by sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis to determine the genotype of positive samples. A total of 787 pig liver samples from 7 provinces were collected. The average positive rate of HEV was 8.13% (64/787), Inner Mongolia (14.29%, 1/7) and Hebei province (14.29%, 23/161) showed the highest positive rate. There was a significant difference among the provinces (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Three major market types (wholesale market, supermarket, and butcher's shop) were included in this study, and the positive rates were 5.28% (21/398), 15.86% (23/145), and 8.20% (20/244), respectively. There was no significant difference among the three market types. Eleven of the positive samples were partially sequenced and identified genotypes 4a, 4d, and 3a.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Resistance Genes Among Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Waters of Rivers Swat and Kabul, Pakistan.","authors":"Ramla Somayya, Kafeel Ahmad","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0165","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The waters of rivers Swat and Kabul are the main water source for domestic and irrigation purposes in the northwestern part of Pakistan. However, this water has been contaminated due to human activities. This study aimed to analyze the water of these rivers for occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes among Gram-negative bacteria. Samples were collected from 10 different locations of these rivers. The samples were processed for the isolation of Gram-negative bacteria. Isolated bacteria were checked against 12 different antibiotics for susceptibility. The isolates were also analyzed for the presence of seven antibiotic resistance genes. A total of 50 bacterial isolates were recovered that belonged to five different bacterial genera, that is, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Raoultella terrigena</i> (<i>Klebsiella terrigena</i>), and <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i>. Antibiotic resistance pattern was cefixime 72%, cephalothin 72%, ampicillin 68%, nalidixic acid 68%, kanamycin 54%, streptomycin 42%, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim 28%, chloramphenicol 28%, meropenem 8%, gentamicin 8%, amikacin 2%, and tobramycin 2%. The prevalence of <i>bla-TEM</i> gene was 72% (<i>n</i> = 36), <i>aadA</i> gene 34% (<i>n</i> = 17), <i>sul</i> gene 32% (<i>n</i> = 16), <i>bla-CTXM</i> gene 12% (<i>n</i> = 6), <i>int</i> gene 66% (<i>n</i> = 33), and <i>int1</i> gene 6% (<i>n</i> = 3). This information highlights the need for controlling and monitoring the release of domestic wastes to rivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of <i>Entamoeba</i> and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> in Pigs and Wild Boars in Central and Southern Vietnam: Implications for Zoonotic Risks and Surveillance.","authors":"Le Chi Cao, Devika Muraleedharan, Tran Thi Giang, Vo Minh Tiep, Ngo Thi Minh Chau, Ton Nu Phuong Anh, Le Nguyen Nhat Ha, Nguyen Thi Thu Hoai, Truong Nhat My, Awatef El Moussi, Nourhane Hafza, Le Huu Song, Thirumalaisamy P Velavan","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0095","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Parasites of <i>Entamoeba</i> and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> genera, prevalent among various vertebrates such as humans and pigs, pose a zoonotic threat as common protozoan pathogens. This study investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of <i>Entamoeba</i> and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species in pigs and wild boars across central and southern Vietnam, to ascertain parasite transmission dynamics. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 113 independent stool samples from 77 pigs and 36 wild boars were analyzed using PCR-based molecular methodologies to detect the presence of <i>Entamoeba</i> spp. and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. The identified species were further characterized through Sanger sequencing, and phylogenetic relationships were analyzed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The study revealed a high prevalence of <i>Entamoeba</i> spp. (62%, <i>n</i> = 70/113) and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. (31%, <i>n</i> = 35/113). <i>Entamoeba suis</i> (57%, <i>n</i> = 40) was predominant, followed by <i>Entamoeba polecki</i> (40%, <i>n</i> = 40) and <i>Entamoeba hartmanni</i> (3%, <i>n</i> = 2). Among <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species, <i>Cryptosporidium scrofarum</i> (89%, <i>n</i> = 31) was the most common, followed by <i>Cryptosporidium suis</i> (11%, <i>n</i> = 4). Wild boars exhibited a higher prevalence of <i>Entamoeba</i> infection compared with domestic pigs (<i>p</i> = 0.019). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The study highlights a high prevalence of <i>Entamoeba</i> and <i>Cryptosporidium,</i> suggesting a potential for zoonotic transmission in Vietnam. Further investigations are necessary to determine the extent to which these parasites in pigs and wild boars contribute to the burden in the human population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Analysis of the Effect of Glabridin on Biofilm Formation in <i>Staphylococcus Aureus</i>.","authors":"Yanjun Ma, Yanni Mao, Xinyun Kang, Beibei Zhang, Jianchong Wang, Guiqin Wang, Guilai Wang","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) is among the major skin infection-causing pathogens in animals and humans. Its ability to form biofilms has become a foremost cause of bacterial infections and the extensive spread of drug resistance, which poses a great difficulty in clinical treatment. Glabridin (Glb), an extract of licorice with antibacterial and anti-infective properties, has a partially understood biofilm-inhibitory mechanism. This study investigated the inhibitory and antibiofilm activities of subinhibitory concentrations of Glb against <i>S. aureus</i>. The crystal violet assay revealed that Glb significantly suppressed biofilm expression. Scanning electron microscopy observations unveiled that Glb reduced <i>S. aureus</i> adhesion and accumulation by disrupting the spatial structure of the biofilm. In vitro extracellular DNA (eDNA) inhibition assays demonstrated that Glb inhibited biofilm formation by <i>S. aureus by</i> suppressing eDNA secretion. In total, 184 differentially expressed genes were obtained through transcriptomic (RNA-seq) sequencing, of which 81 and 103 genes were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Glb regulated the transcript levels of biofilm-related genes through the phosphatase transfer system, two-component regulatory system, and nitrogen metabolism. The qPCR analysis was performed to confirm whether Glb interfered with the expression of regulatory genes involved in <i>S. aureus</i> biofilm formation (<i>SarA, ArlR, FnbA, ClfA, icaD,</i> and <i>icaR</i>) as well as the virulence gene <i>Hla</i>. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Glb has a significant inhibitory effect on biofilm activity and is expected to be a good antibiofilm drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Manifestations and Molecular Identification of <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> in Pediatric and Adolescent Cancer Patients in Southwestern Iran.","authors":"Farzad Mahdavi, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Kambiz Karimi, Laya Shamsi, Farajolah Maleki, Ali Asghari, Saeed Shahabi, Mohammad Hossein Motazedian, Hassan Nourmohammadi","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the clinical and molecular characteristics of <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> (<i>G. duodenalis</i>) infection and identify potential risk factors in children and teenagers with malignancies in Shiraz, southwestern Iran. A total of 200 fresh fecal samples were collected from children and adolescents suffering from 32 different cancer types at Amir, Nemazee, and Saadi hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences between October 2021 and May 2022. Direct microscopy using saline and iodine wet mount was conducted, and all fecal samples were rechecked by <i>SSU</i>-PCR. Subsequently, a specific fragment of the <i>tpi</i> gene was amplified on all samples for prevalence, sequencing, and assemblage identification. Our study found a 4% (8/200) prevalence of <i>G. duodenalis</i> using microscopy and PCR. The molecular findings were consistent with the microscopic results. All eight positive samples with <i>SSU-rRNA</i> gene were also detected as positive with <i>tpi</i> gene and were correctly sequenced. Among the examined cancer patients, two assemblages were identified: A [sub-assemblage AI (2/8, 25%) and sub-assemblage AII (3/8, 37.5%)] and B [sub-assemblage BIV (3/8, 37.5%)]. Notably, patients were more vulnerable to <i>G. duodenalis</i> infection after receiving at least 8 treatment episodes (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and displaying gastrointestinal symptoms (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The demographic characteristics of cancer patients with <i>G. duodenalis</i> infection and the statistical conclusions were separately detailed. The small sample size and low prevalence rate in this study hindered precise epidemiological conclusions. Nonetheless, the results suggest that <i>G. duodenalis</i> infection among cancer patients in Shiraz city originates from humans, without any specific animal groups (C-H) involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}