Foodborne pathogens and disease最新文献

{"title":"<i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis Outbreak Associated with Contaminated Raw Eggs in Cold-Braised Meat Assortment: Changsha, China, 2024.","authors":"Dihui Ma, Bin Tian, Xu Hengbo, Wei Tang, Miao Li, Liuqing Yang, Yingchun Song, Keke Cao, Heng Zhang, Yu Liao, Sun Jian, Jinfu Zhang, Ying Gao, Canghai Zhou","doi":"10.1177/15353141251359514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15353141251359514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Salmonella</i>, a significant zoonotic pathogen, remains the predominant global etiological agent of foodborne diseases and consistently ranks as one of the leading causes of foodborne disease outbreaks in China. We report a foodborne disease outbreak caused by <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis contamination of a cold-braised meat assortment (including a beef shank, pork tongue, tripe, marinated eggs, and dried egg products) linked to contaminated raw eggs at the JN Ecological Farm in Changsha City, Hunan Province, China, in November 2024. The outbreak was traced to a birthday lunch banquet on November 11, among 165 attendees, 54 confirmed cases were identified. The clinical manifestations primarily included diarrhea (79.63%), abdominal pain (75.93%), fever (40.74%), vomiting (24.07%), and nausea (22.22%), with an incubation period ranging from 5 to 36 h (median: 15 h). Notably, 52 of the 54 cases required hospitalization, including one critical case. Laboratory confirmation was obtained in 16 cases through bacterial isolation, with concurrent detection of <i>Salmonella</i> in residual braised meat assortment samples. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on all isolates, and subsequent bioinformatics analysis revealed a high degree of genetic homology, with fewer than three single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified among the isolates.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144642172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Retail Pork and Market Environments: Genetic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance in Thailand.","authors":"Sutsiree Intongead, Phirabhat Saengsawang, Sumalee Boonmar, Yukio Morita, Watcharapong Mitsuwan, Ruethai Narinthorn, Ratchadaporn Boripun","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2025.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2025.0045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) highlights the growing issue of multidrug resistance within the food processing chain. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profiles, molecular genetic structures, and genetic diversity of ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> isolated from pork, cutting boards, and knives. A total of 90 samples were collected from 10 local markets in Southern Thailand. ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> were identified in 9 samples (10%), with knife samples showing the highest contamination rate (5/90, 5.55%). The ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> isolates exhibited high-level resistance to ampicillin (100%), ceftriaxone (88.89%), and cefpodoxime (88.89%), followed by tetracycline (77.78%). Multidrug resistance was detected in 88.89% (8/9) of ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> isolates and 28.26% (13/46) of all <i>E. coli</i> isolates. All presumptive ESBL-producing isolates carried ESBL resistance genes (9/9, 100%), with <i>bla</i>_CTX-M-1 being the most prevalent (6/9, 66.67%). Additionally, the <i>tetA</i> gene was frequently detected in ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> (6/9, 66.67%) and in all <i>E. coli</i> isolates (16/46, 34.78%). Overall, <i>E. coli</i> O157:H7 was identified in 5 isolates (10.87%). The genetic relatedness analysis revealed that five ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> isolates were closely related to <i>E. coli</i> ATCC 23502. Our findings confirm a high prevalence of ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> carrying resistance genes in knife samples, underscoring the importance of proper sanitary handling practices to minimize microbial contamination in pork retail shops.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144599894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Levels of Protection Against Acute and Chronic Toxoplasmosis in Institute of Cancer Research Mice with a Novel Low-Temperature Inactivated <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Candidate Vaccine Adjuvanted with HA201/HA203.","authors":"Shao-Yuan Bai, Guo-Qing Zhou, Yu-Yuan Li, Ming Pan, Lizhi Fu, Si-Yang Huang","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is a highly complex protozoan parasite that poses significant health risks to humans and livestock. Traditional inactivated vaccines have simple preparation and high safety characteristics, but the protection is insufficient. This study aimed to find a new way to prepare an inactivated vaccine and find a suitable adjuvant to evaluate the immunoprotection. Inactivated vaccine (IVAC) was prepared by a novel low-temperature inactivation method, and different adjuvants were selected to evaluate the immune response. To assess immune protection, cytokines and other quantifiable factors associated with protection were examined, and then acute and chronic immune-protected experiments were carried out. IVAC has good integrity and biosafety. Immunizing mice with the adjuvant vaccine resulted in increased immunoglobulin G antibody and interferon-gamma levels, indicating the induction of a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response. Most notably, vaccination significantly improved the survival rate of mice. The IVAC can achieve a 10% protection rate, and the protection rate with adjuvant HA201 and HA203 can reach 50% and 70%, respectively. We found a new method to prepare IVAC and identified two adjuvants that could improve survival rates by 40-60%. These results provide valuable insights for future research on the <i>Toxoplasma</i> vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usage of Beta-Lactam Antibiotics: Insight into Foodborne <i>Escherichia coli</i> Linked to Fresh Vegetables in Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Oluwadamilola N Adeyemi, Esther Ajide, Moses A Abiala","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2025.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2025.0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, the consumption of fresh produce has increased due to their health and nutritional benefits. However, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), there is a growing concern about fresh produce, harboring foodborne bacterial pathogens. Among the foodborne bacterial pathogens associated with the consumption of fresh produce is <i>Escherichia coli</i> known for causing foodborne infections. Based on the threat from foodborne infectious <i>E. coli</i>, beta-lactam (β-lactam) antibiotics are always the first-line treatment regularly used to mitigate these foodborne infections in SSA. As a result of misuse of prescribed and continuous use of unprescribed β-lactam antibiotics, there has been a growing resistance in <i>E. coli</i> strains associated with fresh produce, which includes vegetables in SSA. This review therefore discussed not only the usage of β-lactam antibiotics as first-line treatment for foodborne infections in SSA but also the consumption of fresh vegetables linked to resistant <i>E. coli</i>. In addition, country-based cases regarding β-lactam antibiotic-resistant <i>E. coli</i> isolates linked to fresh vegetables were also discussed. The details herein therefore serve as hands-on information for consumers, health personnel, and policymakers not only in SSA but also globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Genotypic Characterization of Diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Foodborne Diarrhea Cases in Wenzhou Based on Whole-Genome Sequencing.","authors":"Panchi Shao, Xuejia Yang, Yuqin Hu, Huihuang Lou, Xuewei Liu, Haiyan Li, Leyi Zhang","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2025.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2025.0014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Although <i>Escherichia coli</i> can be an innocuous resident of the gastrointestinal tract, it also has the pathogenic capacity to cause significant diarrheal and extraintestinal diseases. The study aims to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and genotyping of diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (DEC) in foodborne diarrhea cases in Wenzhou City in 2023, providing a scientific foundation for the monitoring and prevention of bacterial foodborne diseases. <b><i>Method:</i></b> Fecal samples from patients with diarrhea were collected from four sentinel hospitals for the isolation of DEC. The pathogenic types of DEC were identified using fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution, while whole-genome sequencing was utilized for genotyping. Clustering analysis based on the EnteroBase database was conducted to assess the genetic similarity of the strains. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among 2591 fecal samples tested, 90 were positive for DEC, resulting in a detection rate of 3.47% (90/2591). The majority of DEC isolates were enterotoxigenic <i>E. coli</i> (ETEC) and enteroaggregative <i>E. coli</i> (EAEC), accounting for 87.78% (79/90) of the total. DEC detection showed a seasonal pattern, with the highest positivity observed in individuals aged 20-39 years. The genotyping of the most prevalent virulence genes in ETEC was <i>estIa/estIb</i> (57.50%, 23/40), while <i>aggR</i> (23.08%) was most common in EAEC. Genotyping revealed high genetic polymorphism among DEC strains, with HC1100_13 being the predominant clone. The prevalence of the resistance gene <i>blaEC</i> was 96.67%. The highest drug resistance rate was observed in ampicillin (68.89%), followed by nalidixic acid (51.11%), and the multidrug resistance rate was 65.56%. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> ETEC and EAEC were the most common DEC strains detected in Wenzhou in 2023. These strains exhibited significant genetic diversity and displayed considerable antimicrobial and multidrug resistance, highlighting the need for enhanced monitoring and intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of <i>Pentatrichomonas Hominis</i> in Farmed Mink and Raccoon Dogs Across Five Provinces in China.","authors":"Na Lu, Hai-Tao Wang, Qing-Yu Hou, Ya Qin, Xue-Min Li, Xing Yang, Jing Jiang, Shuo Liu","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2025.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2025.0047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Pentatrichomonas hominis</i> is a zoonotic pathogen with a wide host range, yet epidemiological data in mink and raccoon dogs remain sparse. This study investigates the prevalence of <i>P. hominis</i> in these species by analyzing 498 fecal samples collected from Hebei, Shandong, Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang provinces in China. Results revealed an overall infection rate of 9.64% (48/498, 95% confidence interval 7.19-12.58), with mink showing a 0.36% infection rate (1/276) and raccoon dogs 21.17% (47/222). Female animals had higher infection rates (9.87%, 47/476) than males (4.55%, 1/22). Adults exhibited higher infection rates (10.31%, 46/446) compared with juveniles (3.85%, 2/52). Phylogenetic analysis identified the CC1 genotype in all <i>P. hominis</i> detected. This study provides important epidemiological data on <i>P. hominis</i> infection in mink and raccoon dogs across five provinces, offering new insights into its regional distribution and transmission dynamics. These findings contribute to the development of more effective control strategies in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Rattus</i> spp. as Reservoirs of Multidrug Resistance- and Biofilm-Forming <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Urban Community from Southern Thailand.","authors":"Watcharapong Mitsuwan, Phirabhat Saengsawang, Sunsaneeya Thaikoed, Noppharat Tanthanathipchai, Pattarathai Saedan, Kittipong Chaisiri, Sumalee Boonmar, Yukio Morita","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0109","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rats are rodents commonly found in Thailand that carry various zoonotic pathogens. Bacterial zoonosis can occur in a shared environment between humans and rats, especially in human communities and agricultural areas. <i>Escherichia coli</i>, particularly pathogenic and multidrug-resistant strains, is a significant public health concern that is transmitted by rats. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance (ABR) and biofilm formation of <i>E. coli</i> in caught rodents from Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Thailand. Captured rats were dissected to collect intestinal content for <i>E. coli</i> isolation. Two hundred and two confirmed <i>E. coli</i> were subjected for pathotype identification, antibiotic susceptibility testing, biofilm-forming ability (BFA), and the presence of related genes. Two <i>E. coli</i> isolates from intestinal content samples were atypical enteropathogenic (aEPEC). Predominantly, 52.97% of <i>E. coli</i> had azithromycin resistance, which was harbored by 35.64% of captured rats. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was found in 12.38% of <i>E. coli</i> isolates with 17 different MDR patterns. Remarkably, 96% of MDR isolates were resistant to azithromycin. Most <i>E. coli</i> harbored <i>ereA</i> (52%), followed by the <i>bla</i>_TEM and <i>aacC2</i> genes (6.44% each). Approximately 87% of isolated <i>E. coli</i> revealed moderate-to-high BFA. Predominantly, moderate-to-strong biofilm-forming <i>E. coli</i> harbored <i>pgaA</i> and <i>pgaC</i> genes. aEPEC, azithromycin resistance, MDR, and moderate-to-strong formation were the aspects of concern. Furthermore, the study of antibiotic-resistant <i>E. coli</i> in rats should be performed, particularly in terms of the transmission pathway, and the application of rats as bioindicators for ABR surveillance in Thailand should be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"514-523"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Ciguatoxin Poisoning Outbreaks in the United States Between 2001 and 2021.","authors":"Andrew Huff, Colin Plover, Harriet Okatch, Brandon George","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0115","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Outbreak Reporting System between 2001 and 2021 for confirmed outbreaks of foodborne illness due to Ciguatoxin in the United States. Previous research into Ciguatoxin illness in the United States has focused on specific states or territories-namely Hawaii, Florida, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands-meaning the national distribution of outbreaks remains unclear. In addition, while specific categories of seafood (e.g., reef fish) are known to carry elevated risk of illness due to Ciguatoxin poisoning, it remains unclear the extent to which specific seafood items are associated with the odds of being hospitalized in an outbreak. This study calculated descriptive statistics for the distribution of outbreaks by state, season, site of exposure, and implicated seafood item. Then, binomial regression was used to assess the relationship between the implicated seafood item in an outbreak and hospitalization. Results provided evidence that knowing the implicated seafood item in an outbreak is associated with the odds of hospitalization (χ²₅ = 33.023, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Even when a seafood item was found to be associated with elevated odds of hospitalization, not all cases involved hospitalization. This finding aligns with Ciguatoxin poisoning case reports, noting that key epidemiological factors include not just the seafood item consumed but also the quantity and the part consumed (e.g., the head). In conclusion, public health officials should consider Ciguatoxin poisoning outbreaks as multidimensional and utilize information about the seafood consumed as well as the quantity and parts of the seafood consumed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"445-451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Manifestations and Molecular Identification of <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> in Pediatric and Adolescent Cancer Patients in Southwestern Iran.","authors":"Farzad Mahdavi, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Kambiz Karimi, Laya Shamsi, Farajolah Maleki, Ali Asghari, Saeed Shahabi, Mohammad Hossein Motazedian, Hassan Nourmohammadi","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0100","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the clinical and molecular characteristics of <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> (<i>G. duodenalis</i>) infection and identify potential risk factors in children and teenagers with malignancies in Shiraz, southwestern Iran. A total of 200 fresh fecal samples were collected from children and adolescents suffering from 32 different cancer types at Amir, Nemazee, and Saadi hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences between October 2021 and May 2022. Direct microscopy using saline and iodine wet mount was conducted, and all fecal samples were rechecked by <i>SSU</i>-PCR. Subsequently, a specific fragment of the <i>tpi</i> gene was amplified on all samples for prevalence, sequencing, and assemblage identification. Our study found a 4% (8/200) prevalence of <i>G. duodenalis</i> using microscopy and PCR. The molecular findings were consistent with the microscopic results. All eight positive samples with <i>SSU-rRNA</i> gene were also detected as positive with <i>tpi</i> gene and were correctly sequenced. Among the examined cancer patients, two assemblages were identified: A [sub-assemblage AI (2/8, 25%) and sub-assemblage AII (3/8, 37.5%)] and B [sub-assemblage BIV (3/8, 37.5%)]. Notably, patients were more vulnerable to <i>G. duodenalis</i> infection after receiving at least 8 treatment episodes (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and displaying gastrointestinal symptoms (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The demographic characteristics of cancer patients with <i>G. duodenalis</i> infection and the statistical conclusions were separately detailed. The small sample size and low prevalence rate in this study hindered precise epidemiological conclusions. Nonetheless, the results suggest that <i>G. duodenalis</i> infection among cancer patients in Shiraz city originates from humans, without any specific animal groups (C-H) involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"498-504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Analysis of the Effect of Glabridin on Biofilm Formation in <i>Staphylococcus Aureus</i>.","authors":"Yanjun Ma, Yanni Mao, Xinyun Kang, Beibei Zhang, Jianchong Wang, Guiqin Wang, Guilai Wang","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0038","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) is among the major skin infection-causing pathogens in animals and humans. Its ability to form biofilms has become a foremost cause of bacterial infections and the extensive spread of drug resistance, which poses a great difficulty in clinical treatment. Glabridin (Glb), an extract of licorice with antibacterial and anti-infective properties, has a partially understood biofilm-inhibitory mechanism. This study investigated the inhibitory and antibiofilm activities of subinhibitory concentrations of Glb against <i>S. aureus</i>. The crystal violet assay revealed that Glb significantly suppressed biofilm expression. Scanning electron microscopy observations unveiled that Glb reduced <i>S. aureus</i> adhesion and accumulation by disrupting the spatial structure of the biofilm. In vitro extracellular DNA (eDNA) inhibition assays demonstrated that Glb inhibited biofilm formation by <i>S. aureus by</i> suppressing eDNA secretion. In total, 184 differentially expressed genes were obtained through transcriptomic (RNA-seq) sequencing, of which 81 and 103 genes were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Glb regulated the transcript levels of biofilm-related genes through the phosphatase transfer system, two-component regulatory system, and nitrogen metabolism. The qPCR analysis was performed to confirm whether Glb interfered with the expression of regulatory genes involved in <i>S. aureus</i> biofilm formation (<i>SarA, ArlR, FnbA, ClfA, icaD,</i> and <i>icaR</i>) as well as the virulence gene <i>Hla</i>. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Glb has a significant inhibitory effect on biofilm activity and is expected to be a good antibiofilm drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"489-497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}