Foodborne pathogens and disease最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiology of <i>Cyclospora cayetanensis</i> Infections in Canada: 2000-2022.","authors":"Vanessa Morton, Rachelle Janicki, Danielle Dumoulin, Brent Dixon, Rebecca Guy","doi":"10.1177/15353141251377318","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353141251377318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cyclospora cayetanensis</i> is a human-specific protozoan parasite that causes gastrointestinal illness, primarily through the ingestion of contaminated water or fresh produce. This study provides an epidemiological overview of cyclosporiasis in Canada from 2000 to 2022 using data from the Canadian Notifiable Disease Surveillance System, FoodNet Canada, and outbreak investigations. A total of 5337 cases were reported during this period, with the incidence increasing from 0.12 to 1.70 per 100,000 population. Seasonal peaks occurred between May and August of each year, and adults aged 30-59 years were disproportionately affected. Enhanced surveillance data identified international travel, particularly to resorts in Mexico, as a common exposure. National-level investigations occurred annually from 2013 to 2022, and various fresh produce items were identified as items of interest, but few investigations led to the identification of a source of illness. Advancements in molecular diagnostics since 2015 have likely contributed to the observed rise in case detection. This report underscores the burden of cyclosporiasis in Canada and highlights the need for continued surveillance, public health interventions targeting contaminated produce, and travel health messaging to mitigate outbreaks and reduce transmission. It also underscores the importance of real-time genetic typing to identify and differentiate clusters of closely related isolates that are more likely to share a common source.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"701-708"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory Metataxonomic Characterization of Bacterial Communities in Street-Vended Raw Milk from Ankara, Türkiye, Using 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing.","authors":"Berrak Delikanli-Kiyak","doi":"10.1177/15353141261471731","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353141261471731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Street-vended raw milk may harbor diverse bacterial communities influenced by environmental exposure, handling practices, and storage conditions. This exploratory pilot study aimed to characterize the bacterial community composition of raw milk obtained from three independent street vendors in Ankara, Türkiye, using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing-based metataxonomic analysis. Following DNA extraction, the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was sequenced, and sequence data were processed using the QIIME2 pipeline with taxonomic assignment against the SILVA 138 reference database. Sequencing generated 158,959, 160,946, and 313,696 high-quality reads for samples SS1, SS2, and SS3, respectively. The bacterial communities were predominantly composed of members of the phyla <i>Pseudomonadota</i> and <i>Bacillota</i>. At the genus level, <i>Pseudomonas</i> (49.75%), <i>Acinetobacter</i> (20.64%), <i>Lactococcus</i> (35.31%), <i>Aerococcus</i> (8.81%), and <i>Enterococcus</i> (7.10%) were among the predominant taxa identified across the samples. Principal coordinates analysis indicated variation in bacterial community composition among the three samples, with SS2 and SS3 exhibiting greater similarity than SS1. Overall, this exploratory pilot study provides baseline metataxonomic information on the bacterial communities associated with street-vended raw milk obtained from informal vendors in Ankara. Given the limited sample size, the findings should be regarded as preliminary descriptive observations that may support future investigations involving larger sample sizes, broader geographical coverage, and complementary functional analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"709-716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in Bacteriophage Genome Engineering for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections.","authors":"Riska Ayu Febrianti, Erlia Narulita, Erma Sulistyaningsih, Hardian Susilo Addy","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0194","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacteriophage engineering is a promising strategy to address multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections that pose significant challenges to public health due to the overuse of antibiotics. Bacteria can develop resistance mechanisms, such as receptor modification and activation of antiviral defense systems, which further complicates the application of phage therapy. Additionally, long-term phage therapy can result in the production of anti-phage antibodies, which may interfere with treatment. These factors require advanced engineering techniques to improve the efficacy of phages and expand their host range. Recent advances in genome engineering methods, including CRISPR/Cas9, homologous recombination, and other synthetic biology techniques, offer promising solutions to these challenges. By modifying receptor-binding proteins and using high-yield screening methods, researchers can create phages that are better equipped to target MDR bacteria effectively. Furthermore, understanding the intricate interactions between phages and their bacterial hosts is critical to guiding these engineering efforts. Future development perspectives lie in integrating these advanced engineering techniques into clinical practice, potentially putting bacteriophages at the forefront of fighting MDR bacterial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"639-647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Antibiotic Resistance Phenotypes and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations in <i>Salmonella</i> Using Machine Learning Analysis of Its Pan-Genome and Pan-Resistome Features.","authors":"Yichen He, Xiujuan Zhou, Lida Zhang, Yan Cui, Yiping He, Andrew Gehring, Xiangyu Deng, Xianming Shi","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0170","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional experimental methods for determining antibiotic resistance phenotypes (ARPs) and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in bacteria are laborious and time consuming. This study aims to explore the potential of whole-genome sequencing data combined with machine learning models for robustly predicting ARPs and MICs in <i>Salmonella</i>. Using a training set of 6394 <i>Salmonella</i> genomes alongside antimicrobial susceptibility testing results, we built two machine learning (ML) predictive models based on the pan-genome and pan-resistome. Each model was implemented using three algorithms: random forest, extreme gradient boosting (XGB), and convolutional neural network. Among them, XGB achieved the highest overall accuracy, with the pan-genome and pan-resistome models accurately predicting ARPs (98.51% and 97.77%) and MICs (81.42% and 78.99%) for 15 commonly used antibiotics. Feature extraction from pan-genome and pan-resistome data effectively reduced computational complexity and significantly decreased computation time. Notably, fewer than 10 key genomic features, often linked to known resistance or mobile genes, were sufficient for robust predictions for each antibiotic. This study also identified challenges, including imbalanced resistance classes and imprecise MIC measurements, which impacted prediction accuracy. These findings highlight the importance of using multiple evaluation metrics to assess model performance comprehensively. Overall, our findings demonstrated that ML, utilizing pan-genome or pan-resistome features, was highly effective in predicting antibiotic resistance and identifying correlated genetic features in <i>Salmonella</i>. This approach holds great potential to supplement conventional culture-based methods for routine surveillance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"648-656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multistate Outbreak of <i>Salmonella</i> Thompson Infections Linked to Diced Onions-2023.","authors":"Bria Graham-Glover, Evelyn Pereira, Samantha Jefferson, Tyann Blessington, Marie Armstrong, Colin Schwensohn, Cullen Wilson, Avery Cromwell, Julia Manetas, Courtney Mickiewicz, Autumn Kraft, Arthur Pightling, Lauren Edwards, Danielle Donovan, Julie Dow, Shana Altman, Steven Galvez, Greg Keshishyan, Laura Gieraltowski, Lauren Shade, Stelios Viazis","doi":"10.1177/15353141251377305","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353141251377305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 2020, more than 2000 illnesses have been linked to foodborne outbreaks associated with onions. In 2023, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and state partners investigated a multistate outbreak of <i>Salmonella</i> Thompson infections linked to diced onions grown and processed in California. The outbreak resulted in 80 ill people, 18 hospitalizations, and one death reported in 23 states. FDA conducted a traceback investigation that included three illness clusters comprised of five total ill people from four Long-Term Care Facilities. Three inspections, each accompanied by sampling, were conducted at Processor A, Grower A, and Packing Shed A, respectively. The FDA analyzed 18 samples, six of which yielded <i>Salmonella</i> spp. isolates. Isolates recovered from water, sediment, and piping below irrigation equipment, near the growing environment, matched the outbreak strain. Additional isolates recovered from environmental samples matched eight <i>Salmonella</i> Saintpaul clinical isolates from 2022, four <i>Salmonella</i> Infantis clinical isolates from four states from 2022 to 2023, and two unrelated <i>Salmonella</i> Newport clinical clusters from 2021 to 2023. Laboratory, traceback, and epidemiological evidence indicated onions grown in three specific fields as the source of the outbreak, suggesting that the outbreak strain was present at the farm level, established in the soil, and potentially disseminated through agricultural water. Further processing into diced onions could have also spread and/or amplified the pathogen in the product due to the practices and conditions at the processor. This investigation highlighted the importance of outreach and education to enhance onion industry food safety practices and prevent future outbreaks. It also emphasized the need for focused research on onion industry practices, including growing, harvesting, curing, processing, packing, and holding.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"693-700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12862791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of MNPs-PEI-GA-Nbs-qPCR Rapid Detection Method for <i>Vibrio fluvialis</i>.","authors":"Lingli Meng, Mengjuan Wu, Zhui Tu, Qinghua He, Yanping Li","doi":"10.1177/15353141251377326","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353141251377326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Vibrio fluvialis</i> is an emerging foodborne pathogen associated with severe infections. In this study, immunomagnetic beads (IMBs) were synthesized by conjugating nanobody N71 to magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) via polyethylenimine (PEI) and glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linking. Due to the high affinity of N71 for <i>V. fluvialis</i> lipopolysaccharide, the IMBs efficiently and specifically captured the target pathogen. When integrated with <i>ToxR</i>-targeted quantitative real-time PCR, this system achieved enhanced detection sensitivity (48 CFU/mL) and reduced false-positive rates. The optimization results showed that the capture efficiency of <i>V. fluvailis</i> reached its maximum (95%) when 125 µg of N71 were conjugated to 1 mg of MNPs to form the MNPs-PEI-GA-Nbs conjugates, achieved with a conjugate dosage of 0.5 mg and an incubation time of 45 min. Nontarget bacterial interference experiments and actual sample detections validated the excellent specificity of the method for detecting <i>V. fluvialis</i>. Compared with conventional culture-based methods, this method reduced detection time from 24-48 h to <7 h, providing an efficient and reliable alternative for rapid detection of <i>V. fluvialis</i> in food samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"678-685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rapid Detection Method for <i>Salmonella</i> Based on Real-Time Recombinase Polymerase Amplification in Food.","authors":"Long Li, Liping Song, Qinglong Wang, Huatao Yin, Yiping Suo, Yujia Zhao, Qingyao Li, Yue Cao, Chao Xing, Dan Wang, Zhikai Hu, Jie Jiang","doi":"10.1177/15353141251380364","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353141251380364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study developed a rapid detection method for <i>Salmonella</i> based on real-time recombinase polymerase amplification (real-time RPA). The method exhibited excellent specificity and could amplify target genes within 20 min at 39°C. It achieved a Limit of Detection (LOD₅₀) of 47 CFU/mL. To evaluate detection performance, artificially contaminated food samples-including egg products, chocolate products, meat products, grain-based products, and soy products-were tested. Prior to real-time RPA detection, the samples underwent an enrichment step by shaking incubation at 36°C for 6 h. The real-time RPA method demonstrated consistent and robust performance across diverse food matrices, with relative LOD (RLOD) values below 2.5, satisfying the validation criteria outlined in GUOBIAO 4789.45 (GB 4789.45). A chi-square test conducted on bulk pork samples further confirmed no significant difference between the real-time RPA method and the GB 4789.4 standard method (<i>p</i> > 0.05). These findings highlight the potential of real-time RPA as a reliable and efficient alternative to GB 4789.4 for detecting <i>Salmonella</i>, enhancing food safety monitoring practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"670-677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Porphyra tenera</i> an Edible Red Alga Inhibits Norovirus P Domain Binding to the Host Cell Receptor.","authors":"Hyojin Kim, Jeong Ah Lee, Yeongeun Lee, Kyung Hyun Kim, Mi Sook Chung","doi":"10.1177/15353141261418395","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353141261418395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Porphyra tenera</i> (PT), an edible red alga, is consumed as a health-promoting seaweed. Human norovirus (HuNV), the major cause of foodborne disease outbreaks worldwide, binds to histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) for cell entry. We investigated the inhibitory activity of fucose-containing polysaccharides in PT on HuNV binding to the HBGAs. With saliva as a source of HBGAs and recombinant P domains of HuNV GII.4 and GII.17 purified as NV antigens, the inhibition and binding affinity of PT toward P domains were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and bio-layer interferometry, respectively. The PT polysaccharide extract and its 3-10 kDa fraction (F3-10) among molecular weight fractions inhibited the P domain binding to saliva significantly, compared with that of a commercial fucoidan. F3-10 bound directly to the P domains with submicromolar affinities (K_D = 5.6 × 10^-7 M for GII.4 and 8.7 × 10^-7 M for GII.17). When applied to virus inhibition assays, F3-10 significantly reduced murine NV titers in a dose-dependent manner; specifically, it showed a 1.8 log₁₀ plaque forming unit (PFU)/mL reduction at 1 mg/mL in RAW 264.7 cells (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and a 1.4 log₁₀ PFU/mL reduction at 5 mg/mL under simulated human digestion conditions involving sequential incubation in simulated saliva, gastric, and intestinal fluids (<i>p</i> < 0.01). F3-10 contained galactose, glucose, fucose, and xylose as its constituent monosaccharides and also sulfate groups. The PT fraction F3-10 is a promising candidate for further study aimed at inhibiting HuNV binding to host cell HBGAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"686-692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146029040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Isolated from Food Animal Carcasses in South Korea, 2014-2023.","authors":"Ji-Hyun Choi, Ji-In Kim, Md Sekendar Ali, Bo-Youn Moon, Hee-Seung Kang, Yu-Jeong Hwang, Yeon-Hee Lee, Hyeon-Jung Park, Ha-Young Kim, Jae-Myung Kim, Suk-Kyung Lim","doi":"10.1177/15353141251380373","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353141251380373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance in livestock products poses an important public health threat globally. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profiles and trends of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> isolated from food animal carcass samples during 2014-2023 in South Korea. The obtained 1632 <i>E. faecium</i> and 3493 <i>E. faecalis</i> isolates from cattle, pig, and chicken carcasses at the national level were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using broth microdilution. <i>E. faecium</i> and <i>E. faecalis</i> isolates from chickens showed higher resistance rates to most evaluated antimicrobials compared with cattle or pig strains. <i>E. faecium</i> isolated from chickens showed high levels of resistance to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and tetracycline by >50%. Likewise, over 40% of the <i>E. faecalis</i> isolates recovered from chickens exhibited resistance to these antimicrobials. Of note, very few or no enterococci isolates were resistant to ampicillin, gentamicin, linezolid, and vancomycin. Furthermore, notwithstanding fluctuations, enterococci strains showed an increasing resistance trend to some antimicrobials, including erythromycin and streptomycin. <i>E. faecium</i> exhibited significantly greater multidrug resistance (MDR) rates in chickens compared with cattle and pig isolates, while MDR <i>E. faecalis</i> was higher in pigs and chickens than in cattle isolates (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The main components of the resistance patterns were erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, or tetracycline. Moreover, MDR patterns in <i>E. faecalis</i> (23.4%) and <i>E. faecium</i> (17.8%) include five or more antimicrobials. The MDR enterococci contaminating carcasses during the slaughtering of food animals can be spread to humans through the food chain, posing a potential hazard to public health. Thus, judicious use of antimicrobials and proper sanitary measures are essential to mitigate the risk of transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"657-669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Meteorological Variability and Pathogen-Specific Foodborne Disease Risk in Ningbo, China.","authors":"Yichao Dai, Danjie Jiang, Beibei Lu, Yan Zhang, Keqin Ding, Dandan Zhang, Mengling Tang, Mingjuan Jin, Kun Chen, Jianbing Wang","doi":"10.1177/15353141261485768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15353141261485768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meteorological factors may influence the risk of foodborne diseases (FBDs), but evidence comparing different case definitions and pathogen-specific associations within the same surveillance system remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between short-term exposure to meteorological factors and FBDs in Ningbo, China. We used data from the Ningbo Foodborne Disease Surveillance System and the daily meteorological data of the Ningbo Meteorological Bureau for time-series analysis. Generalized additive models and distributed lag nonlinear models were used to evaluate the associations adjusted for long-term trends, seasonal changes, day of week, and holidays. A stratified analysis was carried out by sex, age, and pathogens. We found that short-term temperature rise was significantly associated with risk of clinically diagnosed FBD cases (mean: relative risks [RR] = 1.028, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.006-1.049; minimum: RR = 1.025, 95% CI: 1.004-1.047). Sex- and age-stratified analyses indicated positive temperature associations in both sexes and in several age groups between 15 and 64 years. Pathogen-specific analyses show that there is a positive relationship for <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> (mean temperature: RR = 1.087, 95% CI: 1.021-1.157), whereas an inverse relationship for Norovirus (mean temperature: RR = 0.965, 95% CI: 0.938-0.993). The findings remained robust in sensitivity analyses. These findings may inform targeted seasonal and pathogen-specific surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"15353141261485768"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}