Foodborne pathogens and disease最新文献

{"title":"Analysis on Foodborne Pathogen Contamination of Food Samples in Longnan City from 2013 to 2022.","authors":"Yanhong Chen, Ling-Xiao Liu, Xiaolin Liu, Weisen Yu, Xiaojing Ma, Zhi-Wen Lei, Weixing Ma, Ling-Li Meng, Yun-Guo Liu","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0036","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective was to determine the prevalence of foodborne pathogens in food in Longnan City, Gansu Province, China. In this research, we conducted tests on baked foods, catering foods, meat, and fruits and vegetables sold in supermarkets, farmers' markets, restaurants, retail stores, street stalls, and school canteens from 2013 to 2022. We analyzed the variety of foodborne pathogens (<i>Salmonella</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, and diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i>) in different sites and food types. Once foodborne pathogens were detected in the sample, it was deemed unqualified. The total detection rates of foodborne pathogens were 1.559%, 3.349%, 1.980%, 1.040%, 3.383%, and 1.303% in food from supermarkets, farmers' markets, restaurants, retail stores, street stalls, and school canteens, respectively. No pathogenic bacteria were detected in baked foods. <i>Salmonella</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>L. monocytogenes</i>, <i>B. cereus</i>, and diarrheagenic <i>E. coli</i> were detected in catering foods, among which <i>B. cereus</i> had the highest detection rate. <i>Salmonella</i> was the most common pathogenic bacteria detected in meat, while the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in fruits and vegetables was low, with only one positive sample for diarrheagenic <i>E. coli</i>. Among the six sites, street stalls (3.382%) and farmers' markets (3.349%) had higher detection rates of pathogens. In general, the detection rate of pathogens from 2013 to 2022 was not high, but there were also some hidden dangers. Catering food is vulnerable to pathogen contamination, and street stalls and farmers' markets are the main sites of pollution. According to the above findings, the regulatory authorities should continue to strengthen supervision, guarantee food safety through early warning, and reduce the risk of food contamination.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138796519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolated from Bovine Sources Encoding the Fosfomycin Resistance Gene <i>fosA7</i>.5.","authors":"Bradd J Haley, Seon Woo Kim, Jo Ann Van Kessel","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2023.0132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dairy animals are reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> that are frequently resistant to tetracycline, aminoglycoside, β-lactam, sulfonamide, and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B antibiotics. However, resistance to other classes of antimicrobials is less frequently observed, and resistance to fosfomycin is rarely observed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this study, we describe the genomic characteristics of <i>E. coli</i> encoding <i>fosA7.5</i> that have been recovered from bovine sources in the United States. Most isolates only encoded the <i>fosA7.5</i> gene, whereas 37% encoded at least one other resistance gene, and 25% were genotypically multidrug-resistant. Most (112 isolates, 93%) belonged to phylogenetic group B1 and were assigned to 19 sequence types (STs), the most frequently identified being ST1727, ST2307, and ST3234. Results of this study indicate that <i>fosA</i>-encoding <i>E. coli</i> from bovine sources is very rare in the United States with isolates demonstrating a high level of similarity across a broad geographic region.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in Food Safety Concerns, Hygiene Practices, and Purchasing Behaviors During Pandemic Era: What We Learnt from Coronavirus Disease 2019.","authors":"Rabia Busra Isin, Damla Gumus, Mevlude Kizil","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2023.0143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of the study is to evaluate the food safety concerns, purchasing behaviors, and hygiene practices of individuals who contracted and did not contract the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A total of 2393 individuals 18-65 years years of age, 760 who contracted and 1633 who did not contract SARS-CoV-2 infection, participated in the study. Participants were administered a questionnaire to assess demographic information, food safety concerns, hygiene practices, purchasing behavior, and fear of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Results indicated that 56.3% of participants expressed concern about food safety, and 67% were concerned about infected individuals while shopping. Participants who did not contract COVID-19 had higher levels of food safety concerns and generally adhered to better hygiene practices such as handwashing, hygienic food preparation, sanitizer use, and cleaning and disinfection practices (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Overall, purchasing behaviors did not significantly differ by the infection status, except for a significant difference in reduced purchase frequency (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In addition, purchasing behavior varied in relation to fear levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). As the pandemic appears to be increasingly controlled, the insights gained from managing outbreaks might contribute to improved understanding and preparedness for global pandemics and food safety education in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitive and Specific Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays for Detection of <i>Salmonella</i>, CTX-M-1 Group Genes, <i>mph(A)</i>, and <i>ermB</i> in Stool and Blood Samples Based on Orange to Green Visible Dye.","authors":"Jianbo Feng, Ya Huang, Huixin Chen, Shujin Xie, Congzhu Yang, Weixin Zheng, Jinglin Su, Wentao Zheng, Jiajie Mo, Fei Lv","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2023.0094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Salmonella</i> is a globally prevalent foodborne bacterium, and ceftriaxone and azithromycin have been regarded as drugs of choice for treating <i>Salmonella</i> infections, particularly in children. With the growing incidence of ceftriaxone and azithromycin resistance in <i>Salmonella</i>, there is an urgent requirement for a rapid and dependable gene testing approach to enhance the efficacy of treating <i>Salmonella</i> infections. Utilizing the orange to green visible dye approach, this study developed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for the sensitive and specific detection of <i>Salmonella</i>, ceftriaxone and azithromycin resistance genes (including CTX-M-1 group, <i>mph(A)</i>, and <i>ermB</i> genes) in stool and blood samples. The specificity and sensitivity of primers during the LAMP assays for detection of <i>Salmonella</i>, CTX-M-1 group, <i>mph(A)</i>, and <i>ermB</i> genes were determined in this study. The detection threshold for <i>Salmonella</i> was found to be 1.5 × 10³ colony-forming units (CFU)/mL, while it was 1.5 × 10² CFU/mL for CTX-M-1 group genes (including <i>bla</i>_CTX-M-3, <i>bla</i>_CTX-M-15, and <i>bla</i>_CTX-M-55), 1.5 × 10² CFU/mL for <i>mph(A)</i>, and 1.5 × 10² CFU/mL for <i>ermB</i>, showing 10-10³-fold, 10³-fold, and 10⁵-fold increased sensitivity compared with the polymerase chain reaction assay, respectively. Results indicated that the LAMP primers designed for <i>Salmonella</i>, CTX-M-1 group, <i>mph(A)</i>, and <i>ermB</i> genes possess high specificity (100%) and sensitivity (over 94%). This novel approach advocates its application in detecting <i>Salmonella</i>, CTX-M-1 group, <i>mph(A)</i>, and <i>ermB</i> genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, Identification, and Characterization of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Group Bacteria Isolated from the Dairy Farm Environment and Raw Milk in Tunisia.","authors":"Randa Ben Akacha, Maroua Gdoura-Ben Amor, Hanen Sellami, Noël Grosset, Sophie Jan, Michel Gautier, Radhouane Gdoura","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2023.0154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Members of the <i>Bacillus cereus</i> group are well-known opportunistic foodborne pathogens. In this study, the prevalence, hemolytic activity, antimicrobial resistance profile, virulence factor genes, genetic diversity by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genotyping, and adhesion potential were investigated in isolates from a Tunisian dairy farm environment and raw milk. A total of 200 samples, including bedding, feces, feed, liquid manure, and raw bovine milk, were examined. Based on PCR test targeting <i>sspE</i> gene, 59 isolates were detected. The prevalence of <i>B. cereus</i> group isolates in bedding, feces, liquid manure, feed, and raw milk was 48%, 37.8%, 20%, 17.1%, and 12.5%, respectively. Out of the tested strains, 81.4% showed β-hemolytic on blood agar plates. An antimicrobial resistance test against 11 antibiotics showed that more than 50% of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin and novobiocin, while a high sensitivity to other antibiotics tested was observed in most isolates. The distribution of enterotoxigenic genes showed that 8.5% and 67.8% of isolates carried <i>hblABCD</i> and <i>nheABC</i>, respectively. In addition, the detection rate of cytotoxin K (<i>cytk</i>), enterotoxin T (<i>bceT</i>), and <i>ces</i> genes was 72.9%, 64.4%, and 5.1%, respectively. ERIC-PCR fingerprinting genotype analysis allowed discriminating 40 different profiles. The adhesion potential of <i>B. cereus</i> group on stainless steel showed that all isolates were able to adhere at various levels, from 1.5 ± 0.3 to 5.1 ± 0.1 log colony-forming unit (CFU)/cm² for vegetative cells and from 2.6 ± 0.4 to 5.7 ± 0.3 log CFU/cm² for spores. An important finding of the study is useful for updating the knowledge of the contamination status of <i>B. cereus</i> group in Tunisia, at the dairy farm level.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Genomic Investigation of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolates Associated with Watermelons and Their Environmental Reservoirs in Bejaia, Algeria.","authors":"Zahra Bellil, Sylvain Meyer, Valentin Tilloy, Assia Mairi, Christophe De Champs, Olivier Barraud, Abdelaziz Touati","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2023.0045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted in Bejaia, Algeria, to determine the presence of <i>Salmonella</i> in fresh watermelon (<i>n</i> = 105), soil (<i>n</i> = 23), and irrigation water samples (<i>n</i> = 17) collected from two different farms. After isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, serotype determination, multilocus sequence typing, antimicrobial resistance genes detection, and whole genome sequencing were performed. Twenty watermelon samples (19%) were contaminated with <i>Salmonella</i>, but none were found in the soil or irrigation water. Among the 20 <i>Salmonella</i> isolates, 2 serovars were identified (<i>Salmonella</i> Liverpool and <i>Salmonella</i> Anatum), belonging to sequence types ST1959 and ST64, respectively. Ten <i>Salmonella</i> isolates showed significant resistance to nalidixic acid, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin but were susceptible to all other antibiotics. The coexistence of point mutations (<i>parC</i>:p.T57S) in Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions and the <i>qnrB19</i> gene may contribute to quinolone resistance. The study identified 164 virulence genes in the <i>Salmonella</i> isolates. Our study found <i>Salmonella</i> in fresh watermelon during the preharvest season in Bejaia, Algeria. Our study indicates a relatively high prevalence of <i>Salmonella</i> on watermelon samples before harvest. Although we cannot directly compare our results with previous studies, it is crucial to recognize that the absence of comprehensive comparative data underscores the need for further research and surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance Characteristics of Fecal <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Enterococcus</i> Species in U.S. Goats: 2019 National Animal Health Monitoring System Enteric Study.","authors":"Catherine A Gensler, Stephanie C Hempstead, Shivaramu Keelara, Paula J Fedorka-Cray, Natalie J Urie, Alyson M Wiedenheft, Keira Stuart, Katherine L Marshall, Megan E Jacob","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2023.0089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Enterococcus</i> species are normal bacteria of the gastrointestinal tract and serve as indicator organisms for the epidemiology and emergence of antimicrobial resistance in their hosts and the environment. Some <i>E. coli</i> serovars, including <i>E. coli</i> O157:H7, are important human pathogens, although reservoir species such as goats remain asymptomatic. We describe the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of generic <i>E. coli</i>, <i>E. coli</i> O157:H7, and <i>Enterococcus</i> species collected from a national surveillance study of goat feces as part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Goat 2019 study. Fecal samples were collected from 4918 goats on 332 operations across the United States. Expectedly, a high prevalence of <i>E. coli</i> (98.7%, 4850/4915) and <i>Enterococcus</i> species (94.8%, 4662/4918) was found. <i>E. coli</i> O157:H7 prevalence was low (0.2%; 10/4918). <i>E. coli</i> isolates, up to three per operation, were evaluated for antimicrobial susceptibility and 84.7% (571/674) were pansusceptible. Multidrug resistance (MDR; ≥3 classes) was uncommon among <i>E. coli</i>, occurring in 8.2% of isolates (55/674). Resistance toward seven antimicrobial classes was observed in a single isolate. Resistance to tetracycline alone (13.6%, 92/674) or to tetracycline, streptomycin, and sulfisoxazole (7.0% 47/674) was the most common pattern. All <i>E. coli</i> O157:H7 isolates were pansusceptible. <i>Enterococcus</i> isolates, up to four per operation, were prioritized by public health importance, including <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and evaluated. Resistance to lincomycin (93.8%, 1232/1313) was most common, with MDR detected in 29.5% (388/1313) of isolates. The combination of ciprofloxacin, lincomycin, and quinupristin resistance (27.1%, 105/388) was the most common pattern detected. Distribution and characteristics of antimicrobial resistance in <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Enterococcus</i> in the U.S. goat population from this study can inform stewardship considerations and public health efforts surrounding goats and their products.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deletion of Nox from <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strain EGDe Enhances Bacterial Virulence and Reduces the Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Inflammatory Factors <i>In Vivo</i>.","authors":"Dezhi Li, Wenwen Ma, Guowei Chen, Zhiqiang Huang, Qing Liu","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2023.0125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The foodborne pathogens have a serious threat to human health, especially <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>. NADPH oxidase (NOX) is involved in cellular respiration and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), acting as messengers to host cells during the infection. However, the role of <i>nox</i> in the process of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> infection is unclear. In this study, we examined the impact of <i>nox</i> in <i>L. monocytogenes</i> by gene deletion. The results of cell experiment showed that knocking out <i>nox</i> from <i>L. monocytogenes</i> strain EGDe resulted in a twofold increase invasion ability to Caco-2 cells compared with that of wild-type strain (WT), but did not affect adhesion ability. Animal infection assays also showed that bacterial loads in the liver and spleen of mice challenged with EGDe-Δ<i>nox</i> were approximately two times higher compared with those challenged with the WT strain. On the one hand, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that deletion of <i>nox</i> leads to upregulation of genes related to the internalization of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> (<i>inlA</i>, <i>inlB</i>, and <i>inlC</i>). More importantly, the expression of listeriolysin-positive regulatory (<i>prfA</i>) gene increased by three times <i>in vivo</i> compared with that of WT. On the other hand, the deletion of <i>nox</i> resulted in a reduction of the upregulation of proinflammatory factors in EGDe-Δ<i>nox</i> compared with the WT and complementary strains. Thus, our study revealed that <i>nox</i> affected the virulence of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> by upregulating the expression of virulence genes and regulating the production of ROS and inflammatory factors <i>in vivo</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140131127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a Colorimetric and Fluorescence Dual-Mode Immunoassay Detection of Alpha-Hemolysin in Milk.","authors":"Xu Xu, Pengfei Zhang, Fuqian Ruan, Guanhong Chang, Ting Zhou, DiShi Chen, Li Li, Xin Wang","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2023.0106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alpha-hemolysin (Hla) is a major virulence factor secreted by <i>Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)</i>, which can lyse a variety of mammalian cells and help bacteria evade the host immune system or antibiotics, posing a safety hazard to human health. Therefore, it is critical to establish a quick-responsive and sensitive method for Hla detection to ensure food safety. In this work, a dual-mode immunoassay was developed with both colorimetric and fluorescent readouts for discriminative detection of Hla. The proposed sensing system consists of p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and fluorescein, where fluorescein functions as a fluorescent reporter, and PPD serves a dual function as a colorimetric reporter and fluorescence quencher. Subsequently, the reaction system of this method was optimized, and the detection limit, sensitivity, and specificity were evaluated. Under optimal conditions, the proposed method possesses excellent analytical performance in the range from 0.5 to 500 ng/mL with a limit of detection as low as 0.5 ng/mL. Noteworthy, this method was successfully employed for the detection of Hla in milk with good selectivity and high accuracy. Overall, the dual-mode immunoassay provides a superior platform for the on-site, quantitative, and accurate detection of Hla in food samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140119227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flagella Phenotypic Variations of ST34 Type <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium and Variants.","authors":"Xin Wu, Fanan Suksawat, Patchara Phuektes, Supatcharee Siriwong, Hongmei Liu, Wengui Li, Sunpetch Angkititrakul","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2023.0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2023.0091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Typhimurium and its variants are the most common serotypes of human salmonellosis cases. Serotyping <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium and its variants has always been challenging. Our previous work found that among 14 <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium and variant strains, some different antigenic formulas had 100% pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) similarity. The 14 strains were sorted into 3 groups; in each group, the different antigenic formulas had the same PFGE patterns. This phenomenon suggested that different antigenic formula identification might originate from a common ancestor subtyped by PFGE. To assess whether the serotyping method on <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium and variant strains reflected the genetic relationship, we improved the discrimination for the phylogenetic relationship among the 14 <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium and variant strains using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and whole-genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST). We compared the wgMLST assay of 14 <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium and variant strains from this study with 50 public ST34 strain data of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium and variant strains. We also compared flagella (H antigen)-related genes based on the whole genome of 14 strains and the other 293 ST34 public database for further understanding of this question. The phylogenetic results (PFGE) showed no regularity between the antigenic formulas and genotypes. The results of the higher discrimination power assays (FTIR and whole-genome multilocus sequence typing) also showed no regularity between the antigenic formulas and genotypes (or phenotypes). The 58 flagella encoding genes of different antigenic formulas were sorted into 13 patterns. However, a similar phenomenon was found: the same flagella encoding gene patterns could express different antigenic formulas. In conclusion, there is no consistency between the antigenic formulas and phylogenetic relationships among ST34 <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium and variant strains, even in flagella antigenic formula and flagella encoding genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140101405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}