Foodborne pathogens and disease最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic Phage Candidates for Targeting Prevalent Sequence Types of Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i>.","authors":"Md Shamsuzzaman, Shukho Kim, Yoon-Jung Choi, Bokyung Kim, Ram Hari Dahal, Minsang Shin, Jungmin Kim","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0023","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbapenem-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> (CREC) is a global threat to public health; therefore, alternative treatment options are urgently needed. Bacteriophages have emerged as promising candidates for combating CREC infections. This study aimed to investigate the genetic basis of phage sensitivity in CREC by evaluating carbapenem resistance among multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>E. coli</i> isolated in Daegu, South Korea and analyzing their sequence types (STs) with phage susceptibility spectra. Among the 60 MDR <i>E. coli</i> isolates, 80.4% were identified as CREC, with 77.0% demonstrating resistance to imipenem and 66.6% to meropenem. Moreover, 70 lytic <i>E. coli</i> bacteriophages were isolated from hospital sewage water and evaluated against those <i>60 E. coli</i> isolates. The phages exhibited lytic activity of 33%-60%, with average titers ranging from 5.6 × 10¹² to 2.4 × 10¹³ PFU/mL (Plaque-Forming Unit). Furthermore, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis of the bacterial isolates revealed 14 distinct STs, mostly belonging to ST131, ST410, and ST648. Notably, the phage susceptibility spectra of ST73, ST13003, ST648, ST2311, ST167, ST405, ST607, ST7962, and ST131 were significantly different. Thus, the isolated phages can effectively lyse CREC isolates, particularly those with clinically dominant STs. Conversely, ST410 exhibited a 14.2%-87.14% susceptibility spectrum, whereas ST1139, ST1487, ST10, and ST206 did not lyse, suggesting the presence of more resistant STs. Future studies are warranted to identify the reasons behind this resistance and address it. Ultimately, this study will aid in developing focused treatments to address these pressing global health issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"681-688"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> on Gut Morphology, Antioxidant Indices, and Gut Microbiome of Mice Under Heat Stress.","authors":"Caiyu Luo, Yingzhu Du, Rongxia Zhu, Qien Qi, Shumeng Luo, Xin Feng","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0046","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nutritional manipulations can reduce the detrimental effects of heat stress on animal health and production. <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> (AM) is an innovative beneficial bacteria and can be used for conventional use as dietary supplements and pharmaceutical application. This study aimed to investigate the effects of administering AM on gut morphology, antioxidant indices, and gut microbiome of mice during heat stress. A total of 24 BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to three groups including the control group (CON), heat stress group (HS), and AM administration under heat stress group (AM). Our results showed heat stress significantly increased the water consumption of mice. Administration of AM did not improve feed intake or weight gain. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase as well as antioxidant parameters were not different among the three groups. Heat stress decreased the jejunal villus height, and AM could reverse this effect. AM administration significantly increased the relative abundance of <i>Verrucomicrobiota</i> at the phylum level. At the genus level, heat stress and AM groups tended to have a lower abundance of <i>Alloprevotella</i>. In addition, AM tended to increase the relative abundance of <i>[Eubacterium]_xylanophilum_group</i> in comparison with the other two groups. In summary, administration of AM can alleviate the damage of heat stress to the jejunum. However, it has no effect on serum antioxidant parameters, and its effect on the cecal microbiota is limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"724-730"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium Growth on Chicken Breast Fillets Under Simulated Less-Than-Truckload Dynamic Temperature Abuse.","authors":"Charles B Herron, Mark Tamplin, Aftab Siddique, Bet Wu, Micah Telah Black, Laura Garner, Tung-Shi Huang, Shashank Rao, Amit Morey","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0018","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Companies may have insufficient freight to fill an entire truck/trailer, and instead only pay for space that their products occupy (i.e., \"less-than-truckload\" shipping; LTL). As LTL delivery vehicles make multiple stops, there is an increased opportunity for product temperature abuse, which may increase microbial food safety risk. To assess LTL effects on <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium growth, commercially produced boneless skinless chicken breast fillets were inoculated and incubated under dynamic 2-h temperature cycles (i.e., 2 h at 4°C and then 2 h at 25°C), mimicking a commercially relevant LTL scenario. Bacterial kinetics were measured over 24 h and then observations compared with predictions of three published <i>Salmonella</i> secondary models by bias and accuracy factor measurement. One model produced more \"fail-safe\" estimates of <i>Salmonella</i> growth than the other models, although all models were defined as \"acceptable.\" These developed tertiary models can help shippers assess supply chain performance and produce proactive food safety risk management systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":"708-716"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Streptococcus</i> Species Isolated from Subclinical Bovine Mastitis.","authors":"Abu Al Farabi, Hemayet Hossain, Khadiza A Brishty, Md Hafizar Rahman, Mostafizor Rahman, Md Saiful Islam Siddiqui, Mohammad Atikuzzaman, Asmaa Saleh, Reem Binsuwaidan, Heba Mohammed Refat M Selim, Ayman Noreddin, Yosra A Helmy, Md Mahfujur Rahman, Himel Barua, Mohamed E El Zowalaty","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0097","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is a prevalent serious disease among dairy cows worldwide. It poses a significant challenge to the dairy industry, animal welfare, and a threat to public health. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular detection, prevalence, and antimicrobial resistance of <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. and <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. isolated from raw composite milk samples obtained from SCM dairy cattle in Bangladesh. A total of 612 quarters milk samples obtained from 153 cows were analyzed for SCM using the California Mastitis Test. Bacterial isolation and identification were carried out and bacterial species were confirmed using molecular polymerase chain reaction methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disc diffusion method. The findings revealed that the prevalence of SCM was 70.3% (26/37), 35.95% (55/153), and 23.04% (141/612) in the herd, cow, and quarter levels, respectively. Among the positive samples, 92.7% (51/55) were <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (<i>S. aureus, S. chromogenes</i>, and <i>S. simulans</i>) and the remaining isolates were 7.3% (4/55) <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. (<i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> and <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i>). The most prevalent species was <i>S. chromogenes,</i> accounting for 67.3% (37/55). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that 65.5% of isolates were susceptible to cefoxitin, whereas, 89.1% were resistant to penicillin. Overall, 12 isolates (21.8%) out of 55 were resistant to more than three classes of antimicrobials and were defined as multidrug-resistant isolates. Methicillin-resistance gene was detected in 61.1% of the cefoxitin-resistant isolates. A multivariate logistic regression analysis identified five potential risk factors including the lack of post-milking teat disinfection (OR: 3.06), absence of immediate feeding after milking (OR: 9.81), poor udder hygiene (OR: 7.83), tick infestation (OR: 13.76), and absence of dry cow therapy (OR: 3.31). The findings of the current study underscore the urgent requirement for targeted interventions, considering the identified factors to effectively manage and control SCM in dairy cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effect of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and Its Extracellular Vesicles Against Ethanol-Induced Intestinal Injury.","authors":"Meiying Luo, Suqian Li, Junhang Sun, Limin Wei, Xin Feng, Huihua Zhang, Qien Qi","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we examined the impact of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> (<i>E. faecium,</i> Efm) and its extracellular vesicles (EVs) on intestinal morphological structure, antioxidant function, inflammatory response, and permeability in rats. In a 5-day feeding experiment, a total of 72 female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly allotted into nine groups with eight rats per group. The study was conducted in three parts. First, we examined the impact of Efm on ethanol-induced intestinal injury. Second, we investigated the protective effects of various active components of bacterial culture on intestinal function <i>in vivo</i>. Third, we explored the impact of Efm with elevated EV secretion on intestinal function. The rats were treated by gavage administration (5 mL/kg body weight [BW]) every other day for a total of three times. After the last treatment at 2 h, the phosphate buffered saline (PBS) group received 5 mL/kg BW of PBS orally, whereas the other groups were orally administered 5 mL/kg BW of absolute ethanol to induce intestinal injury. After the feeding trial, eight rats per treatment were collected for intestinal samples. Our findings demonstrate that pretreatment with Efm can reverse morphological alterations in intestinal tissues, enhance superoxide dismutase/malondialdehyde levels, increase intestinal permeability, and reduce the inflammation levels, thereby regulating intestinal damage. Pretreatment with EfmEVs reversed the detrimental effects of ethanol-induced intestinal damage, displaying a discernible decline in inflammation, augmented permeability, and bolstered antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the release of EVs contributes to the intestinal safeguarding mechanism of Efm. EVs act as mediators in Efm's protective response against ethanol-induced intestinal injury by mitigating inflammation and enhancing antioxidant activity. The Clinical Trial Registration Number: FOSU210403.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Cross Contamination, Virulence, and Multidrug Resistance Profiles of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from Four Middle-Scale Dairy Farms in Bareilly, Northern India.","authors":"Javed Ahamad Khan, Iqbal Ahmad, Rubina Gill, Fohad Mabood Husain, Thamer Albalawi, Pravej Alam, Tilahun Kenea, Oda Gizaw, Leena A Neyaz, Khaled Elbanna, Hussein H Abulreesh","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Milk, a nutritious global important food commodity, serves as an excellent medium for microbial growth as well. The foodborne pathogen <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is a commensal member of human microflora that enters the food chain through poor hygienic practices and cross contamination and causes various clinical manifestations in humans. During this study, raw milk and swab samples (milker's hand, udder, towel, milking bucket, and farm floor) were collected from four middle-scale buffalo dairy farms. The results revealed <i>S. aureus</i> presence in 11.6% (<i>n</i> = 56/448) bucket raw milk samples and 2.6% (<i>n</i> = 12/448) udder raw milk samples. Contrarily, <i>S. aureus</i> prevalence was significantly higher in farm floors (100%, <i>n</i> = 84/84), towel (35.7%, <i>n</i> = 10/28), milking bucket (11.6%, <i>n</i> = 56/448), milker's hand (10.7%, <i>n</i> = 3/28), and udder swab samples (4.0%, <i>n</i> = 18/448). The chi-square test yielded <i>p</i> values of 0.000, 0.005, and 0.0011 for udder raw milk, udder swab, and milker's hand swab, respectively. The <i>p</i> values of the milking bucket (<i>p</i> = 0.048) and farm floors (<i>p</i> = 0.0183) confirmed their possible role in <i>S. aureus</i> cross contamination. Gene amplifications of nuclease and enterotoxin A indicate potential virulence of <i>S. aureus</i> isolates in collected samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed multidrug resistance in 44% (<i>n</i> = 239) of <i>S. aureus</i> isolates with the highest resistance of 61% against penicillin. Resistance against ampicillin, streptomycin, and lincomycin was observed. Fewer <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were resistant to kanamycin and erythromycin, whereas the lowest number of resistant isolates was observed against chloramphenicol. A high prevalence of <i>S. aureus</i> in the farm environment and milking equipment suggested the cross contamination of potentially enterotoxin-producing and multidrug-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> to raw milk. Therefore, good hygiene practices should be enforced to avoid foodborne and zoonotic infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of <i>Staphylococcus</i> Spp and Coliform Bacteria Contamination Sources after Cleaning-in-Place in Production Lines of Dairy Factories in Türkiye.","authors":"Fulden Karadal, Nurhan Ertas Onmaz, Cemalettin Bagci, Yeliz Ucar Yildirim, Harun Hizlisoy, Zafer Gonulalan, Serhat Al","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microorganisms detected on dairy factory surfaces after disinfection can cause product contamination, leading to economic losses and health hazards for consumers. In this study, the presence of <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. and Coliform in a total of 450 samples taken from food-contact and non-contact surfaces (stainless steel, plastic, cloth, and tiles surfaces), raw milk and final product (white cheese, kashar cheese, butter, yogurt, and cream) samples in five dairy factories was investigated by conventional techniques. The isolates obtained were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. In this study, a total of 54 <i>Staphylococci</i> (16.7% <i>S. aureus</i> and 81.5% coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococci</i> [CNS]) and 44 coliform isolates were identified at the species level. The most common CNS isolated by samples was <i>S. epidermidis</i> followed by <i>S. saprophyticus, S. capitis, S. succinus S. carnosus</i>. <i>S. xylosus, S. sciuri, S. equorum, S. warneri,</i> and <i>S. hominis</i>. Eighteen of the coliform isolates (41%) were identified as <i>E. coli</i>; 13 (29.5%) as <i>E. cloacae</i>; 3 (6.9%) as <i>E. kobei, C. freundii,</i> and <i>K. oxytoca</i>; 2 (4.5%) as <i>K. pneumoniae</i>; 1 (2.3%) as <i>E. ludwigii</i> and <i>C. farmeri</i>. The contamination rate of non-food contact surfaces (71.3%) was found to be higher than food contact surfaces (10.4%), and contaminated surfaces were found to be effective in product contamination. Study results show that some bacterial species obtained from raw milk, surfaces, and final products are factory specific and surface-associated bacteria are prominent in the product microbial profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, Multidrug Resistance, and Multilocus Sequence Typing of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase/AmpC-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> from Farmed Eggs.","authors":"Shumaila Taskeen, Randhir Singh, Jasbir Singh Bedi, Anil Kumar Arora, Rabinder Singh Aulakh, Jaswinder Singh","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study evaluated the occurrence, antibiogram profile, and sequence types (STs) of multidrug resistant (MDR) <i>Escherichia coli</i> from freshly laid eggs (<i>n</i> = 480), feed (<i>n</i> = 24), water (<i>n</i> = 24), poultry droppings (<i>n</i> = 24), and hand swab samples (<i>n</i> = 10) collected from 24 deep litter (DL) and caged poultry layer farms (12 per category) across Punjab, India. The overall <i>E. coli</i> contamination rate in DL and cage farms was 32% (95% confidence intervals [CI], 26.6-37.8%) and 16.7% (95% CI, 12.6-21.6%), respectively. The logistic regression analysis revealed that the DL system had higher odds of occurrence (odds ratio [OR]) of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) (2.195, 95% CI, 1.065, 4.522) and ESBL/AmpC coproducers (2.69, 95% CI, 1.122, 6.45) compared to the cage system. Additionally, isolates from the DL were 4.065 (95% CI, 1.477, 11.188) times more tetracycline resistant compared to the latter; however, resistance to amoxyclavulanate (OR, 0.437; 95% CI, 0.209, 0.912), and ampicillin (OR, 0.343; 95% CI, 0.163, 0.720) was lesser in DL system. Notably, around 97.7% and 87.2% of the isolates from the DL and cage system were MDR, with the DL system having 6.439 (95% CI, 1.246, 33.283) times more chances of harboring MDR <i>E. coli</i>. Additionally, among the resistance genes, the DL system demonstrated significantly high presence of <i>bla_AmpC</i> (56%), <i>qnr</i>A/B/S (42.3%), and <i>tet</i>A/B (30.6%). Furthermore, multilocus sequence typing of 11 MDR isolates (<i>n</i> = 5, DL, and 6, cage) revealed the presence of 10 STs, of which ST10, ST155, and ST156 were found to be of public health importance. Therefore, the present study highlights the burden of MDR, ESBL, and AmpC-producing <i>E. coli</i> on poultry eggs and farm environment, which could be carried over to human handlers and consumers upon direct contact during handling and processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ten Years Later: Still Unchanged Susceptibility to Antibiotics of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> from Poultry Processing Environments.","authors":"Rakel Montiel, David Fernández, Pilar López, Sagrario Ortiz, David Pérez-Boto, Juan L Arqués, Joaquín V Martínez-Suárez","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is still recognized as being commonly susceptible to antibiotics; however, there have been reports of reduced susceptibility in recent years. The significance of this resistance is not clear, in part due to the disparity in the antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods used. EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing) has recently proposed a standardized method for antibiotic susceptibility testing of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. The aim of this work was to evaluate the susceptibility to 11 antibiotics in clinical use of 50 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> representing 347 isolates from a poultry industry setting using the EUCAST method and to compare the results with those obtained 10 years before. All poultry strains were sensitive to all the antibiotics tested but one strain was resistant to benzylpenicillin according to the EUCAST criteria. The current findings supported the previous study and confirmed that in certain food-associated <i>L. monocytogenes</i> populations, antibiotic sensitivity has remained stable.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Validation of Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i>) Metabolites as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Targeting the PlcR Receptor: An <i>In Silico</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Zekun Jin, Shijie Zhao, Haiyan Li, Qiuli Ouyang, Nengguo Tao","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0098","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the influence of garlic metabolites on the quorum sensing (QS) of <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, a foodborne pathogen that controls its main virulence factor through QS. The QS signal receptor PlcR of <i>B. cereus</i> was targeted by molecular docking with 82 garlic metabolites to identify the most potent QS inhibitors. Five metabolites, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, flavone, and rutin, were selected for further evaluation of their impacts on the growth, toxin production, and virulence of <i>B. cereus in vitro</i>. The expression levels of key QS genes were also measured to verify their anti-QS ability. The results revealed that quercetin reduced enterotoxin production by <i>B. cereus</i> but did not affect the QS process at the transcriptional level; flavone and rutin in garlic interfered with the QS of <i>B. cereus</i> by competing with the autoinducing peptide (AIP) PapR₇ for the PlcR binding site, resulting in decreased enterotoxin secretion and hemolysis without altering the bacterial growth. Interestingly, luteolin and kaempferol in garlic acted as AIP analogs and bound to PlcR to stimulate the QS process and virulence. Furthermore, kaempferol, luteolin, flavone, and rutin had distinct or opposite interactions with PapR₇ at the Gln237 or Tyr275 residues of PlcR, which determined the suppression or enhancement of the QS process. The findings suggested that flavone and rutin were effective compounds to inhibit the QS process in garlic and could be used as alternative methods to control <i>B. cereus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}