Fitoterapia最新文献

{"title":"Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of antiproliferative compounds from Acokanthera schimperi (A.DC.) Schweinf and Gnidia involucrata Steudel ex A. Rich","authors":"Solomon Tesfaye ,&nbsp;Larissa Birkel ,&nbsp;Siva Sankar Murthy Bandaru ,&nbsp;Diana Astrid Barrera-Adame ,&nbsp;Malte Eichelbaum ,&nbsp;Ermias Lulekal ,&nbsp;Kaleab Asres ,&nbsp;Ephrem Engidawork ,&nbsp;Christian Schulze ,&nbsp;Nwet Nwet Win ,&nbsp;Carola Schulzke ,&nbsp;Timo H.J. Niedermeyer ,&nbsp;Patrick J. Bednarski ,&nbsp;Sebastian Guenther ,&nbsp;Nadin Schultze","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The traditional Ethiopian medicinal plants <em>Acokanthera schimperi</em> (A.DC.) Schweinf. and <em>Gnidia involucrata</em> Steud. ex A.Rich were explored for their potential as sources of anticancer agents. Bioassay-guided fractionation yielded a previously unreported phorbol ester (<strong>5</strong>), alongside four known compounds (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>4</strong>) from <em>G. involucrata</em> and a pregnane-type steroid (<strong>6</strong>) from <em>A. schimperi</em>. Structural elucidation was accomplished through comprehensive NMR and HRMS analyses. The antiproliferative activities of these compounds were assessed against A-427, Dan-G, MCF-7, and SiSo cancer cell lines, revealing diverse levels of activity. Notably, the pregnane derivative (<strong>6</strong>) demonstrated potent activity, with GI₅₀ values ranging from 2.3 to 4.7 μM across the tested cell lines. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that compound (<strong>6</strong>) inhibited mitotic spindle assembly and spindle-pole separation, leading to a pronounced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in the SiSo cell line. In contrast, compound (<strong>5</strong>) exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against the Dan-G cell line (GI₅₀ = 0.3 ± 0.05 nM) and moderate to weak activity in the remaining cell lines, with GI₅₀ values ranging from 5.2 to &gt;50 μM, inducing early apoptosis in Dan-G cells. These findings highlight compounds <strong>5</strong> and <strong>6</strong> as promising anticancer candidates and provide a scientific basis for the ethnomedicinal use of these plants in cancer therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107090"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of polysaccharide derivatives from the stems of Pleurotus geesteranus and antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities","authors":"Shiyang Zhou ,&nbsp;Wenbin Wang ,&nbsp;Jie Zhao ,&nbsp;Fengming Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focused on <em>Pleurotus geesteranus</em> stem polysaccharide (PSP), successfully established and optimized their derivatives preparation process. The structures of these derivatives were characterized using ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and ion chromatography-techniques that enabled identification of substituent types, determination of substitution degrees, analysis of monosaccharide compositions, and quantification of molecular weight variations. For antioxidant activity assessment, <em>in vitro</em> chemical models and H₂O₂-induced RAW264.7 cell model confirmed that PSP derivatives exhibit significant antioxidant capacity. Specifically, phosphorylated PSP (PPSP) at a concentration of 3.2 mg/mL exhibited scavenging rates of 98.5 %, 98.4 %, and 96.7 % against DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals, respectively, with a total reducing capacity absorbance of 0.96. Additionally, PPSP significantly increased the levels of CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px enzymes in RAW264.7 cells while decreasing MDA content. Hypoglycemic activity was evaluated <em>via α</em>-glucosidase inhibition, <em>α</em>-amylase inhibition, and glucose consumption assays using insulin-resistant HepG2 cells as a model. Results demonstrated that PSP derivatives exerted strong inhibitory effects on <em>α</em>-glucosidase and <em>α</em>-amylase, and dose-dependently enhanced glucose consumption in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. At 5 mg/mL, PPSP inhibited <em>α</em>-glucosidase and <em>α</em>-amylase activities by 87.3 % and 90.3 %, respectively. This study was systematically investigate their biological activities, thereby providing a novel strategy for the efficient and in-depth utilization of <em>Pleurotus geesteranus</em> resources. The prepared derivatives hold potential applications in functional foods and the pharmaceutical industry. However, the current research was limited to <em>in vitro</em> experiments. Thus, subsequent animal studies and clinical trials were warranted to further explore their <em>in vivo</em> mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic profiles, and safety characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aromatherapy with Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Chuju essential oil alleviates allergic rhinitis by modulating the mTOR-PPARγ signaling cascade","authors":"Huan Wang ,&nbsp;Mu Zi Li ,&nbsp;Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuang E ,&nbsp;Men Long ,&nbsp;Shi Jun Yu ,&nbsp;Shi Qi Xu ,&nbsp;De Xin Dang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional treatments for allergic rhinitis (AR), such as oral medications and nasal sprays, can effectively alleviate symptoms but often cause side effects, including potential organ damage and symptom relapse after discontinuation. Aromatherapy, a traditional approach used in respiratory care, offers a potentially safer and non-invasive alternative. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of <em>Chrysanthemum morifolium</em> cv. Chuju essential oil-based aromatherapy (CJA) against AR using network pharmacology, <em>in vivo</em> experiments, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. Volatile compounds in Chuju essential oil were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Network pharmacology analysis was employed to predict the overlapping targets between volatile constituents- and AR-related genes, followed by the construction of a protein-protein interaction network. Key hub genes were identified using the Molecular Complex Detection clustering algorithm. To validate the results of network pharmacology, an ovalbumin-induced AR mouse model was used to evaluate the therapeutic potential of CJA. Molecular biology assays were further performed to verify key targets. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were then conducted to investigate the binding affinity and stability between the major volatile compounds and their respective targets. Our results demonstrate that (−)-isolongifolol, acetate and (Z,E)-α-farnesene are the major bioactive volatile constituents of Chuju essential oil. These compounds appear to exert anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the mTOR-PPARγ signaling cascade, thereby alleviating AR symptoms in the mouse model. Collectively, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of CJA as a promising natural intervention for managing AR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145989012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diterpenoids from Euphorbia wallichii show anti-renal fibrosis potential with associated inhibition on TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway","authors":"Ren-Fen Ma ,&nbsp;Rui Cui ,&nbsp;Qian Wu ,&nbsp;Hua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seven previously undescribed polycyclic diterpenoids, comprising four tiglianes (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>4</strong>), a daphnane (<strong>5</strong>) and two ingenanes (<strong>13</strong> and <strong>14</strong>), together with seven known tigliane (<strong>7</strong>–<strong>12</strong>) and six known ingenane (<strong>15</strong>–<strong>20</strong>) cometabolites, were isolated from the aerial parts of <em>Euphorbia wallichii</em>. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated through spectroscopic methods, mainly including mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and electronic circular dichroism, and diterpenoids <strong>1</strong>–<strong>6</strong> feature interesting epoxy rings. Compounds <strong>1</strong>, <strong>7</strong>, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>12</strong>–<strong>14</strong> and <strong>18</strong> showed promising suppressing effect on TGF-β1-induced upregulation of fibronectin (a biomarker of fibrosis) in human renal proximal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells. Further investigation demonstrated that compound <strong>1</strong> may exert anti-renal fibrosis potential with associated inhibition on TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indole alkaloids exhibiting hCE2 inhibitory activity from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora using a feature-based molecular network strategy","authors":"Qi He ,&nbsp;Mei-Ru Han ,&nbsp;Huan Xia ,&nbsp;Qing Li ,&nbsp;Xiao-Hong Wei ,&nbsp;Gui-Yang Xia ,&nbsp;Sheng Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By employing a molecular networking analysis strategy, we successfully guided the isolation of alkaloids from the ethyl acetate extract of <em>Paeonia lactiflora</em> roots. This approach led to the discovery of previously undescribed indole alkaloids, (+)/(−)-paeonialkaloid A [(+)/(−)-<strong>1</strong>], paeonialkaloids B and C (<strong>2</strong> and <strong>3</strong>)<strong>,</strong> along with one known alkaloid (<strong>4</strong>). The structures were fully established through comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D/2D NMR, HRESIMS, UV, IR, and theoretical calculations of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Indole alkaloids have been rarely reported from the <em>Paeonia</em> genus. In this study, the discovery of (+)/(−)-<strong>1</strong>, <strong>2</strong> and <strong>3</strong> provides only the second report of such compounds. In addition, (+)-<strong>1</strong>, (−)-<strong>1</strong>, <strong>2</strong> and <strong>3</strong> are moderate inhibitors of human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE2), with IC₅₀ values of 13.65 ± 0.64, 13.92 ± 0.72, 14.45 ± 0.43, and 14.16 ± 1.05 μM, respectively, which was revealed through the molecular docking studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of sapogenin isolated from the defatted seeds of Camellia oleifera and its derivative as anti-breast cancer agents","authors":"Lu Li ,&nbsp;Chuanqing Huang ,&nbsp;Yunong Tian ,&nbsp;Ying Wen ,&nbsp;Meng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yulin Liu ,&nbsp;Shuhong Lin ,&nbsp;Xianchun Hu ,&nbsp;Yong Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The defatted seeds of <em>Camellia oleifera</em> are an underutilized resource that leads to poor economy. Saponins extracted from these seeds exhibit anti-breast cancer effects. To augment their anticancer efficacy, the saponins were structurally modified by the incorporation of a thiosemicarbazone moiety to yield the <em>Camellia</em> sapogenin thiosemicarbazone (CST). CST was subsequently complexed with zinc to form Zn-CST. This zinc complex demonstrated markedly enhanced antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity in ER+ / PR+ MCF-7 cells (IC₅₀ = 3.21 ± 0.44 μM) and HER2- T47D cells (IC₅₀ = 9.80 ± 1.31 μM), demonstrating greater potency than erlotinib. In MCF-7 cells, Zn-CST induced cell cycle arrest at the G₀ / G₁ phase and resulted in a 27-fold increase in apoptosis. Additionally, Zn-CST exhibited more potent inhibitory activity against EGFR kinase, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.25 ± 0.02 μM, compared to erlotinib. Molecular docking analysis confirmed Zn-CST's superior binding affinity for EGFR with a binding energy of −102.7 kcal/mol, predominantly due to a strong electrostatic interaction with Asp831. Collectively, these findings suggest that Zn-CST could be developed as anti ER+ / PR+ breast cancer candidate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107075"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145855052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering chemical novelty from freshwater filamentous Cyanobacteria","authors":"Márcio B. Weiss ,&nbsp;Jaewon Yoon ,&nbsp;João P.B. Domingues ,&nbsp;Fernanda R. Jacinavicius ,&nbsp;Vitor F. Freire ,&nbsp;Helori V. Domingos ,&nbsp;Manoel O. de Moraes Junior ,&nbsp;Camila M.C. Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Sandra R. Castro ,&nbsp;José A.L. Lindoso ,&nbsp;Silvya S. Maria-Engler ,&nbsp;Leticia V. Costa-Lotufo ,&nbsp;Ricardo M. Borges ,&nbsp;Roberto G.S. Berlinck ,&nbsp;Camila M. Crnkovic","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural products are a valuable source of molecules with therapeutic and biotechnological applications. However, the complexity of biological matrices and the increasing rates of rediscovery pose significant challenges in the search for new bioactive compounds. Exploring novel specimens from biodiversity and utilizing modern cheminformatics tools are essential to advancing natural product discovery. In this study, we employed metabolomics and bioassays to investigate the potential of filamentous cyanobacteria collected in Brazil as a source of new bioactive secondary metabolites. Extracts and fractions from eight freshwater cyanobacterial strains were tested for their general toxicity against <em>Artemia salina</em>, as well as antiparasitic and cytotoxic activities and analyzed by UHPLC-HRMS-MS/MS. Molecular networks were constructed from MS/MS data using the GNPS platform, and dereplication was guided by DAFdiscovery results for feature prioritization. Annotation and dereplication were conducted using SIRIUS combined with manual analysis of HRMS and MS/MS spectra. Our study identified three cyanobacterial strains as producers of potentially novel and bioactive metabolites for in-depth investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107055"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145827032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coumarins and the science of timeless beauty: A natural anti-skin aging solution","authors":"Yasser Fakri Mustafa","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Coumarins, naturally occurring benzopyrone derivatives, have long been valued in traditional medicine, fragrance industries, and therapeutics. Recent interest has surged around their anti-aging properties, particularly in skincare, due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and photoprotective effects.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This review explores the role of coumarins as promising agents in combating skin aging, offering a natural alternative to synthetic cosmetics and contributing to the development of safe, effective anti-aging products.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An integrative analysis of historical, biochemical, pharmacological, and cosmetic perspectives was conducted, supported by traditional medicine records, modern preclinical studies, bioinformatics predictions, and formulation case studies. Emphasis was placed on coumarins' mechanisms of action, extraction methods, safety profiles, and their application in skincare formulations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Coumarins act through both direct and indirect antioxidant mechanisms, targeting pathways involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, collagen degradation, and skin barrier dysfunction. Studies show that certain derivatives can inhibit MMPs and modulate sirtuin and AMPK pathways, mechanisms vital in anti-aging interventions. Traditional medicine has long leveraged coumarin-rich herbs to treat dermatological, circulatory, and neurodegenerative conditions. Case studies confirmed favorable cosmetic properties in formulations containing coumarins and hyaluronic acid. Comparative analysis with existing anti-aging ingredients revealed that coumarins provide multi-targeted, dermo-compatible action with fewer adverse effects. Despite regulatory constraints, coumarins remain widely used in skincare and perfumes, with growing interest in sustainable sourcing and green synthesis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Coumarins represent a scientifically grounded, culturally enriched, and biologically potent class of compounds that align with modern demands for natural and effective anti-aging solutions. Their multifunctionality, favorable safety profile, and dermo-pharmacological compatibility support their potential as key agents in next-generation beauty products. Further interdisciplinary research and regulatory harmonization are essential for optimizing their use in cosmetic and therapeutic contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107053"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145826979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical application of Calvatia lilacina ethanol extract-derived fraction promotes diabetic wound healing","authors":"Yan Li ,&nbsp;Tiantian Dong ,&nbsp;Tangtang He ,&nbsp;Yurong Zhao ,&nbsp;Chenxi Yang ,&nbsp;Hanlu Xiao ,&nbsp;Ruiwen Mo ,&nbsp;Jun Chen ,&nbsp;Jie Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Calvatia lilacina</em> (CL), a traditional Chinese medicinal fungus, has been extensively used for wound healing for centuries. However, the specific effective components of CL remain unclear. This study investigated the phytochemical composition and diabetic wound healing activities of a novel ethanol extract-derived fractions from CL (CLP2). UHPLC-TOF-MS/MS phytochemical analysis revealed 14 active components in CLP2. HPLC analysis showed that ergosterol was the most prevalent component in CLP2, with a content of 837.3 μg/mg. CLP2 significantly accelerated wound healing in db/db diabetic mice, facilitated re-epithelialization and inhibited the polarization of M1 macrophages, downregulated the transcription levels of the inflammatory cytokines, and promoted the expression of anti-inflammatory factors. <em>In vitro</em> tests indicated that CLP2 can promote the proliferation and migration of mouse skin fibroblasts, suppress the expression of M1 macrophage-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines, and enhance M2 polarization. Additionally, <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> experiments confirmed that CLP2 accelerated diabetic wound healing by suppressing M1 macrophages and promoting the polarization of macrophages towards the M2 phenotype, facilitating a faster transition from the inflammatory stage to the proliferative stage. These results highlight CLP2 as a potential therapeutic intervention for diabetic wound healing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107087"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145899738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of secondary metabolites in polar organic extract of the fungus Cladobotryum virescens (Hypocreaceae, Ascomycota) by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS: Cytotoxic and mutagenic activity","authors":"Giselle Hernández ,&nbsp;Luis A. Osoria ,&nbsp;Beatriz Ramos ,&nbsp;Trina H. García ,&nbsp;Yarelis Ortiz ,&nbsp;Yamilet Coll ,&nbsp;Angel D. Vizcaino ,&nbsp;Melissa R. Dupuig ,&nbsp;Rafael F. Castañeda ,&nbsp;Jared S. Goldman ,&nbsp;Iraida Spengler ,&nbsp;Antonio Francioso","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Cladobotryum</em> is known for causing cobweb disease in edible mushroom crops. Its parasitic nature has prompted interest in its biocontrol potential and ability to produce cytotoxic compounds. The aim of this study was to identify secondary metabolites in a metahnolic extract of <em>Cladobotryum virescens</em> G.R.W. Arnold, and to evaluate its cytotoxicity against four cancer cell lines and its mutagenic effect in vitro. The chemical identification of metabolites was conducted using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) in negative ionization mode. Cytotoxicity was assessed via MTT assay on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 (both breast cancer), H460 (lung cancer), and L1210 (murine lymphocytic leukemia line) cell lines. A bacterial reversion test using <em>Salmonella typhimurium</em> strains TA98 and TA100 (Ames' test) was carried out to evaluate mutagenicity. UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis allowed us to tentatively identify a total of 13 compounds in the extract, including polyketides, anthraquinones, and polyphenols mainly glycosylated flavonoids, among others. The methanolic extract of <em>C. virescens</em> showed significant dose-dependent cytotoxic against various cancer cell lines (IC₅₀ = 5.02, 50.15, 12.05 μg/mL for MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and L1210, respectively) and remarkable primary mutagenic potential. These findings highlight the bioactive potential of <em>C. virescens</em> as a promising source of secondary metabolites for cancer treatment. Particularly, antioxidants may play a role in their cytotoxic effect and support further exploration of <em>Cladobotryum</em> species as a source of biologically active compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}