Fitoterapia最新文献

{"title":"Modified Shi Hui San decoction ameliorates murine experimental colitis through multiple mechanisms","authors":"Xinyi Wu ,&nbsp;Wenwen Yu ,&nbsp;Ruichang Luo ,&nbsp;Jing Lin ,&nbsp;Qiujie Yang ,&nbsp;Shuchun Zeng ,&nbsp;Binbin Dai ,&nbsp;Dan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Modified Shi Hui San (MSHS) has shown excellent therapeutic effects on ulcerative colitis (UC) patients clinically in China. However, the exact mechanism underlying its effect remains unclear and needs to further investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of modified Shi Hui San decoction (MSHSD) in murine experimental colitis and explore its underlying mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To examine the effects of MSHSD on UC, a murine model of colitis was induced using 2.5 % dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). The mice were then treated with MSHSD at the doses of 6.25 or 25 g/kg for 10 days. The progression of colitis was evaluated through clinical symptoms, histopathological analysis, evaluation of mucosal barrier integrity, biochemical assays, and analysis of the gut microbiota composition.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MSHSD administration markedly ameliorated experimental colitis in DSS-treated mice by suppressing inflammation, restoring the intestinal mucus barrier, alleviating oxidative stress, and reestablishing immunity. More importantly, it transformed the gut microbiota structure from an imbalanced state to a normal state.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings for the first time extend our understanding of the mechanisms, by which MSHSD ameliorates murine experimental colitis, and support the clinical use of MSHS for UC treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106485"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfuretin: Unraveling its potent therapeutic potential in a holistic literature review","authors":"Mei-Chen Li ,&nbsp;Jing-Jing Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Hong-Yun Bai ,&nbsp;Ming-Ming Zhao ,&nbsp;Jian-Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Yong-Nan Xu ,&nbsp;Xu-Hong Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfuretin is widely distributed in different families of nature, such as Anacardiaceae, Compositae and Leguminosae. Since it was isolated, modern pharmacological researches revealed that this compound exhibited various bioactivities, namely neuroprotection, antioxidant, anti-cancer, hepatoprotection, anti-microbial, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, <em>etc.</em>, which were attributed to many important molecular targets, such as NF-κB, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Nrf2/HO1, MAPKs and JNK/ERK. However, there was no comprehensive and critical review of this compound searched on the Internet since it was discovered, which have been recognized for more than seventy years. Hence, this review comprehensively summarizes the pharmacological effects of sulfuretin (from 1953 to 2024) by searching Scifinder, Web of Science, CNKI, PubMed and the Plant List (<span><span>www.theplantlist.org</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) as well as other published databases and books. By this review, we hope that further study of sulfuretin will focus on the mechanism exploration and to evaluate its toxicity, then to perform related clinical assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenylated isoflavonoids with anti-inflammatory activities from the twigs and leaves of Maclura fruticosa","authors":"Xue-Mei Zhou ,&nbsp;Hui-Qiong Li ,&nbsp;Jing-Yi Yu ,&nbsp;Ni Zuo ,&nbsp;Xiao-Ting He ,&nbsp;Jing-Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Ling Ding ,&nbsp;Xiao-Li Li ,&nbsp;Xing-Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei-Lie Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Six new prenylated isoflavonoids, named maccosas A-F (<strong>1–6</strong>), together with ten known prenylated isoflavonoids (<strong>7–16</strong>) were isolated from the twigs and leaves of <em>Maclura fruticosa</em>. Compounds were isolated by various column chromatographic methods including silica gel, sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR techniques, mass spectrometry, and comparison of their spectral data with those in the literature. Furthermore, compounds <strong>1</strong> and <strong>7</strong> exhibited anti-inflammatory activity with IC₅₀ values of 4.11 and 1.45 μM. Detection of cellular pyroptosis and western blot assay suggested that compound <strong>1</strong> reduced the number of PI-positive cells and inhibited Nigericin-induced pyroptosis of J774A.1 cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A stilbenoid, rhapontigenin, isolated from the root of Rheum palmatum L. acts as a potent BACE1 inhibitor","authors":"Jong Min Oh ,&nbsp;Soo Hyun Kim ,&nbsp;Bishnu Prasad Pandey ,&nbsp;Woong-Hee Shin ,&nbsp;Hyun Ju Son ,&nbsp;Yun Ju Kwon ,&nbsp;Hoon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seven compounds, comprising three anthraquinones and four stilbenoids, were isolated from the roots of <em>Rheum palmatum</em> L. These compounds include chrysophanol (<strong>1</strong>), aloe-emodin (<strong>2</strong>), aloe-emodin 8-O-<em>β</em>-D-glucopyranoside (<strong>3</strong>), desoxyrhapontigenin (<strong>4</strong>), rhapontigenin (<strong>5</strong>), desoxyrhaponticin (<strong>6</strong>), and piceatannol 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (<strong>7</strong>). Among these, compound <strong>5</strong> showed potent β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 0.256 ± 0.008 μM, making it the most effective inhibitor obtained from herbal extracts to date, followed by compounds <strong>3</strong> (1.164 ± 0.108 μM), <strong>6</strong> (1.213 ± 0.193 μM), <strong>7</strong> (1.270 ± 0.130 μM), and <strong>4</strong> (2.028 ± 0.108 μM). Furthermore, kinetic analysis revealed that compound <strong>5</strong> acted as a mixed type-I inhibitor with an inhibition constant <em>K</em>_<em>i</em> value of 0.28 ± 0.07 μM. Notably, compound <strong>2</strong> exhibited potent Aβ aggregation inhibition with an IC₅₀ value of 3.56 ± 0.19 μM, whereas compound <strong>5</strong> showed low Aβ aggregation inhibition with an IC₅₀ value of &gt;40 μM. The docking simulations revealed that compound <strong>5</strong> had a high binding affinity and interacted with TYR132, predicting it as a key residue for inhibition via hydrophobic interaction, and with THR133 via hydrogen bonding, in the flap region of BACE1. These results suggest that stilbenoids generally exhibit higher BACE1 inhibitory activity than that of anthraquinones, and that compound <strong>5</strong> (rhapontigenin) could be a promising candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease as a potent BACE1 inhibitor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C13-Norisoprenoid megastigmanes: Biosynthesis, classification, natural sources, biological activities, and structure-activity relationship – A comprehensive review","authors":"Hesham M. El-Sayed ,&nbsp;Dalia M. Rasheed ,&nbsp;Engy A. Mahrous ,&nbsp;Essam Abdel-Sattar","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>C₁₃-Norisoprenoid megastigmanes are a currently expanding class of secondary metabolites originating from the oxidative degradation of carotenoids such as lutein and neoxanthin. These metabolites have been isolated either in free, glycosidically bound forms or as acylated derivatives from a wide diversity of the plant kingdom. The classification of megastigmanes depends on the diversity of the oxygenation positions and the biogenetic origin. These compounds play a crucial role in imparting wine with its characteristic variant flavors, and they are potentially important flavoring agents for the food and pharmaceutical industries. Striking examples for the class are the unusually potent fragrances <em>β</em>-ionone, <em>β</em>-damascenone, and megastigmatrienone. The literature highlighted several compounds that need further development and optimization for drug discovery programs of hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-melanogenic, and cholesterol and triglycerides metabolism-promoting drugs. This comprehensive review focuses on classification, biosynthesis, distribution in natural sources, and chemical structures, the studied biological activities, as well as the structure-activity relationship of the new natural C₁₃-norisoprenoid megastigmanes. A total of 800 C₁₃-norisoprenoid megastigmanes were covered from the first reported isolation of megastigmanes up to December 2024 and 355 references are cited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfonation of Capsaicin by sulfotransferases produces an anti-inflammatory metabolite with NF-κB pathway modulatory activity","authors":"Wanyu Hu ,&nbsp;Hongyu Wang ,&nbsp;Lili Gan ,&nbsp;Yating Lin ,&nbsp;Yufang Fu ,&nbsp;Weiling Tan ,&nbsp;Xianrui Dou ,&nbsp;Ling Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Capsaicin (CAP), the principal bioactive component of chili peppers (<em>Capsicum annuum L.</em>), is widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, its oral bioavailability is low, likely due to extensive sulfonation metabolism. Despite the well-known pharmacological benefits of CAP, the role of sulfotransferase (SULT)-mediated sulfonation in modulating its therapeutic effects remains poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the sulfonate metabolic profile of CAP, investigate the anti-inflammatory role of its sulfonate metabolite (CAP-S), and uncover the mechanisms underlying CAP-S's anti-inflammatory effects. In our study, the mono-sulfonate metabolite of CAP, designated as CAP-S ((E)-N-[(4-sulfo-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-8-methylnon-6-enamide), is identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR). The metabolic profile of CAP was investigated in liver S9 fractions from human, rat, and mouse samples, with sulfonation of CAP examined using seven major recombinant SULT isoforms. The results demonstrate that CAP is primarily catalyzed by SULT1A subfamily and SULT1E1. The anti-inflammatory effects of CAP-S are evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and an acute liver injury (ALI) mouse model. CAP-S significantly reduces inflammatory mediators and nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. <em>In vivo</em>, CAP-S treatment alleviates hepatocyte necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and reduces aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde levels, while enhancing superoxide dismutase activity and decreasing NO production. Additionally, CAP-S exerts comparable anti-inflammatory effects to CAP by suppressing NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, as evidenced by network pharmacology and western blot assays. These findings underscore the role of sulfonation in modulating CAP's therapeutic potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiproliferative trichothecene derivatives from an endophytic fungus fusarium equiseti Z8","authors":"Xuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Liu ,&nbsp;Ji-Yang Du ,&nbsp;Xu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ya-Nan Kang ,&nbsp;Li Li ,&nbsp;Ning Li ,&nbsp;Ying-Ni Pan ,&nbsp;Yi Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feature-based molecular networking analysis combined with bioassay-guided method was applied to afford two previously undescribed trichothecenes derivatives (<strong>1–2</strong>), together with eleven trichothecenes derivatives (<strong>3−13</strong>) and three <em>β</em>-resorcylic macrolides (<strong>14–16</strong>) from an endophytic fungus <em>Fusarium equiseti</em> Z8. The new structures were elucidated by using comprehensive spectroscopic analyses of NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and ECD calculations. MSⁿ fragmentation of trichothecenes was also elucidated. All isolated compounds were evaluated the antiproliferative effects against A549, NCI-H1944, and NCI-H1650 human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, as well as the antibacterial activity against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Most of the trichothecenes possessed significant antiproliferative activities, especially compounds <strong>6</strong> and <strong>11</strong> exhibited the most potent antiproliferative activities against the three tumor cells, with the IC₅₀ values of 1.6–3.8 nM. Compounds <strong>1–2</strong> are relatively nontoxic to BEAS-2B human lung normal epithelial cells. Additionally, compound <strong>14</strong> displayed significant inhibition against <em>S. aureus</em> (MIC₈₀: 4.17 μg/mL).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative effects of wine-steamed Songaria Cynomorium Herb: Chemical characterization by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and modulation of pathophysiology and JAK/STAT signaling pathway in kidney-Yang deficient rats","authors":"Wenjing Ren ,&nbsp;Yue Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiahui Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiutong Ge ,&nbsp;Shiru Jiang ,&nbsp;Yang Chen ,&nbsp;Gui Xu ,&nbsp;Shuo Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Li ,&nbsp;Ji Shi ,&nbsp;Fan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Songaria Cynomorium Herb (SCH), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is recognized for its dual role as both a dietary supplement and a therapeutic agent. It is traditionally reputed to have kidney-tonifying and Yang-strengthening effects, which have made it a common ingredient in nutritious food supplements and health products. This study investigates the underlying mechanisms by which wine-steamed SCH, enhances kidney aphrodisiac qualities, focusing on the tyrosine kinase/signal transduction and transcriptional activation factor (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was employed to qualitatively analyze the chemical constituents of SCH both before and after the wine-steaming process, and the significant differential components were screened out. A kidney-Yang deficiency model was induced by intragastric administration of hydrocortisone. Subsequently, the rats were treated with either raw SCH (RSCH) or wine-steamed SCH (WSCH) medicinal solutions. Urine output, organ indices, target gland axis-related indices, and renal tissue lesions were recorded and statistically compared between the treatment and control groups. RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were utilized to assess the mRNA and protein expression levels of the JAK/STAT pathway and HIF-1α in the renal tissues of the animals. The results indicated that the chemical composition of the SCH underwent changes before and after the steaming process. The tonifying effects observed were more pronounced with WSCH than with RSCH, suggesting that the mechanism involves the inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway and the downregulation of HIF-1α expression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxybaphus himalaicus alleviates diabetic kidney disease by suppressing the lipid metabolism and inflammation via PPARα signaling","authors":"Weijian Qu ,&nbsp;Yi Lan ,&nbsp;Zhuoqing Cheng ,&nbsp;Han Yuan ,&nbsp;Honghong Zhan ,&nbsp;Xiaozhong Lan ,&nbsp;Zhihua Liao ,&nbsp;Guowei Wang ,&nbsp;Min Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication in patients with diabetes, and glycolipid metabolism disorders are an important cause of DKD. The root of <em>Oxybaphus himalaicus</em> (Edgew.) Heimerl is a traditional Tibetan medicine commonly used to treat kidney-related diseases. Nevertheless, contemporary pharmacological investigations into <em>O. himalaicus</em>, especially those associated with the treatment of renal disorders, remain scarce. The objective of this research was to explore the pharmaceutical impacts and mechanisms of action of <em>O. himalaicus</em> in the treatment of DKD. The active fraction and potential pharmacological effects of <em>O. himalaicus</em> were determined through network pharmacology. Then, <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> efficacy and mechanism studies were conducted through streptozotocin-induced DKD mice and high glucose-induced HK-2 cells. Network pharmacology research speculated the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction as the main active component of <em>O. himalaicus</em> for treating DKD. <em>In vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> experiments showed that EA reduces renal lipotoxicity by upregulating PPARα pathway proteins, enhancing fatty acid oxidation (FAO), and downregulating inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6. Molecular docking studies revealed that the active components of EA with a high affinity for PPARα are mainly rotenoid compounds. EA mitigates DKD through the activation of PPARα, which serves to augment FAO, abate lipid accumulation, and impede the expression of inflammatory factors. Among these, rotenoids may be the main active components that exert pharmacological effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant potential, enzyme inhibitory activity and HPLC-MS/MS phenolics profiles in Salvia aegyptiaca L. (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae, Mentheae) growing in Tunisia","authors":"Ons Jendoubi ,&nbsp;Siwar Majdoub ,&nbsp;Hekmat B. AL-Hmadi ,&nbsp;Ridha El Mokni ,&nbsp;Simone Angeloni ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Mustafa ,&nbsp;Giovanni Caprioli ,&nbsp;Gokhan Zengin ,&nbsp;Filippo Maggi ,&nbsp;Saoussen Hammami","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aimed to assess for the first time the antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities of phenolic secondary metabolites of Tunisian <em>Salvia aegyptiaca</em> extracted using different solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane). The phytochemical composition was examined via HPLC-MS/MS. The evaluation of the antioxidant effects involved the utilization of multiple techniques including phosphomolybdenum, antiradical (DPPH and ABTS), reducing power (FRAP and CUPRAC), and ferrous chelating assays. Additionally, the inhibitory activity was tested on different enzymes: <em>α</em>-amylase, <em>α</em>-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase.</div><div>The HPLC examination of various extracts revealed the quantification of 11 phenolic acids, 11 flavonoids, along with ellagic and <em>trans</em>-cinnamic acids. The chloroform extract was predominated by the presence of syringic acid (4665.38 mg/Kg) while the highest accumulation of caffeic acid (3058.47 and 2593.19 mg/Kg), kaempferol (4675.33 and 4025.04 mg/Kg) and hesperidin (8449.26 and 3705.82 mg/Kg) were recorded in methanol and ethyl acetate, respectively. Our findings demonstrated that the Tunisian <em>S. aegyptiaca</em> extracts exhibited a notable <em>α</em>-amylase and <em>α</em>-glycosidase inhibitory capabilities. It is worthy to note that the crude methanolic extract demonstrated the strongest antioxidant properties, and it was the richest source of total phenolic constituents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}