European Journal of Soil Biology最新文献

{"title":"Push-pull cropping system positively impacts diversity and abundance of springtails (Hexapoda: Collembola) as bioindicators of soil health","authors":"Daniel Munyao Mutyambai ,&nbsp;Johnstone Mutiso Mutua ,&nbsp;Abdul A. Jalloh ,&nbsp;Saliou Niassy ,&nbsp;Thomas Dubois ,&nbsp;Zeyaur Khan ,&nbsp;Sevgan Subramanian","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Crop cultivation positively or negatively impacts soil biodiversity and associated ecological services. The push-pull technology (PPT), a climate-smart cereal-<em>Desmodium</em> spp.-<em>Brachiaria</em> spp. Companion cropping system, is known for providing nature-based solutions for pest and soil fertility challenges and has been practiced in sub-Saharan smallholder farmer fields for more than two decades. However, the extent to which this cropping system affects soil arthropod biodiversity in general and Collembola in particular is not well known. This study assessed the long-term effects of PPT on soil physicochemical properties, abundance, and diversity of Collembola communities, and soil biological quality (QBS) as indicators of soil health. Soil was collected from five maize monoculture and five push-pull smallholder farmer fields in western Kenya. Soil physicochemical properties were analysed using Walkley-Black and Bouyoucos hygrometer method. Collembola abundance and diversity were assessed following the Berlese funnel extraction method and morphological identification. Soil health was evaluated using a Collembola-based soil biological quality (QBS-c) index. Soil physicochemical properties significantly differed between push-pull and maize monoculture fields, with push-pull soils being less acidic, and having higher quantities of nitrogen and carbon. Compared to monoculture, push-pull soils had significantly higher number and diversity of Collembola, and QBS-c index values. Significant positive correlations were observed between Collembola abundance and soil pH, nitrogen, carbon, phosphorous, and electrical conductivity. This study provides experimental evidence that crop diversification through a push-pull cropping system soil legacies positively impacts Collembola abundance and diversity, serving as bioindicator of healthy soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103657"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141887364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dairy effluent applications to a pasture enhance soil fertility and microbial activity without impacting soil bacterial and fungal community composition","authors":"Gabriela Illarze ,&nbsp;Eiko E. Kuramae ,&nbsp;Mariana Illarze ,&nbsp;Amabelia del Pino ,&nbsp;Pilar Irisarri","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Farm dairy effluents (FDE) from washing the milking parlor contain manure, urine, and chemicals and constitute a large amount of wastewater. Applying FDE as soil fertilizers to pastures can enhance forage yield and improve soil nutrient status. Since the dairy industry is increasingly attempting to maximize returns through better utilization of forage with lesser inputs, there is demand for a supply of FDE as fertilizers. Nevertheless, the impact of this practice on soil microbiota remains largely unexplored. It must be studied before large-scale soil disposal to avoid diminishing microbial diversity or enhancing pathogen abundance. This study evaluated the effects of applying lagoon-stored (Lagoon) and raw dairy effluents (Raw) at a rate of 50 kg N ha⁻¹ in four equal doses, in comparison to urea fertilization, on soil fertility and the activity, abundance, and community structure of soil microbiota. Raw was obtained after solid separation, and Lagoon corresponds to the Raw stationed in a two-lagoon system. Microbial activity was assessed as basal respiration, potentially mineralizable N, potential nitrification activity, and enzymatic activities. The catabolic activity of the microbial community was evaluated using Biolog Ecoplates™. Bacterial and fungal community composition and diversity were analyzed through amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA and ITS2. The application of FDE benefited soil fertility and microbial activity. Lagoon had the most potent effects on soil available P and extractable K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺. Soil treated with Raw displayed higher microbial activities, such as dehydrogenase, basal respiration, urease, and potentially mineralizable N, than the other treatments. FDE did not significantly alter the microbial composition, abundance, or functional diversity. In conclusion, in this short-term trial, despite changes in soil chemical properties and microbial activity, the composition and diversity of the bacterial and fungal communities remained unaffected by FDE irrigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141785995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-target effects of pesticide and microbial seed treatments in maize and barley on the resident soil microbiota under conservation agriculture","authors":"Pablo F. Jaramillo-López ,&nbsp;Jaen Blas Romero ,&nbsp;Marcela Sarabia ,&nbsp;Simon Fonteyne ,&nbsp;Abel Saldivia-Tejeda ,&nbsp;Nele Verhulst ,&nbsp;Mette Vestergård ,&nbsp;John Larsen","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In production of cereals like maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) and barley (<em>Hordeum vulgare</em> L.), seeds are often treated with pesticides and/or commercial products of plant beneficial microorganisms (PBM) to reduce possible root damage from insect pests and soil borne root diseases. In a field experiment with maize and barley under conservation agriculture, we examined how such seed treatments affected the resident root and soil microbiota. The seed treatments included a pesticide mixture and different commercial products of common PBM based on the biocontrol agents (BCA) <em>Trichoderma harzianum</em> and <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em> alone and in combination and a mix of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), which were compared to a negative control without seed treatment. Soil and root samples were taken at two and three sampling times during the crop cycles for barley and maize, respectively, to measure root biomass, root colonization with mycorrhizal fungi and pathogens, soil microbial communities at a general taxonomic level using biomarker fatty acids, and ecological guilds of soil nematodes. Root health was monitored with observations of the presence of insect feeding larvae and root disease symptoms, which in general showed healthy roots during the full crop cycle. Overall, most of the root and soil biota variables measured changed during the crop cycle. However, for both crops, the seed treatments had no effects on the soil and root microbiota measured, except in the case of barley root infection with <em>Polymyxa</em> sp., which was reduced by all treatments. In conclusion, the pesticide and PBM seed treatments evaluated in the present study for maize and barley under conservation agriculture, in general, had limited effects on the resident root and soil microbiota. However, future studies should include complementary high-resolution sequencing methods when examining non-target effects of pesticides and microbial inoculants on the root and soil microbiota.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141785996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aporrectodea caliginosa life history traits are improved by positive earthworm interaction and organic matter addition","authors":"Lucas Petit-dit-Grézériat ,&nbsp;Mélina Vallayer ,&nbsp;Magali Rault ,&nbsp;Céline Pelosi","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Earthworm species interact with each other in soils, but these interactions are poorly understood. Moreover, these key soil organisms are influenced by abiotic soil components such as organic matter. Here, we investigated the influence of <em>Allolobophora chlorotica</em> and <em>Aporrectodea nocturna</em>, two earthworm species from different ecological categories, on the incorporation of organic matter, reproduction and weight change of the endogeic <em>Aporrectodea caliginosa</em>. Two different types of organic matter i) a compost and ii) a fresh refined organic material, both from green waste, were used. Earthworm parameters were monitored during an 8-weeks laboratory experiment using a vineyard soil in order to identify positive and negative interactions between species. Irrespective of species, earthworms interacted preferentially with smaller particles, more decomposed and with a lower C/N ratio. For an equivalent earthworm biomass, similar amount of green compost was incorporated by <em>A. caliginosa</em> and <em>A. nocturna</em>. However, <em>A. chlorotica</em> did not bury this material. The green compost increased the reproduction rate of <em>A. caliginosa</em> when associated to <em>A. chlorotica.</em> Moreover, the association with the epi-anecic <em>A. nocturna</em> increased the reproduction rate of <em>A. caliginosa</em> with the addition of refined organic matter (fresh material). Furthermore, in both earthworm associations, the weight loss of <em>A. caliginosa</em> was reduced by the addition of green compost to the soil surface. These results highlight the importance of earthworm interactions in maintaining populations, and emphasized the need of field studies to confirm these interactions, particularly in the context of soil fertility where organic amendments are often applied.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141785994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of alfalfa-grass mixed culture and inoculation with Azotobacter and Rhizobium on soil biological properties and nutrient transformation activities","authors":"Jiri Holatko ,&nbsp;Martin Brtnicky ,&nbsp;Antonin Kintl ,&nbsp;Tivadar Baltazar ,&nbsp;Ondrej Malicek ,&nbsp;Adnan Mustafa ,&nbsp;Jiri Skladanka ,&nbsp;Jiri Kucerik ,&nbsp;Saud Alamri ,&nbsp;Jan Lochman ,&nbsp;Pavel Horky ,&nbsp;Daniela Knotova ,&nbsp;Martina Zapletalová ,&nbsp;Maja Radziemska ,&nbsp;Muhammad Naveed ,&nbsp;Tomas Vymyslicky ,&nbsp;Oldrich Latal ,&nbsp;Tereza Hammerschmiedt","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Intercropping alfalfa (<em>Medicago sativa</em>) with grass offers yields equal to or greater than alfalfa monoculture, improves the quality of silaged fodder, and enhances resilience to drought and other stresses. Inoculating either alfalfa monoculture or mixed cultures (with a festucoid hybrid (<em>Festulolium pabulare</em>)) with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) could potentially enhance plant growth, yield and soil quality. A monoculture of alfalfa and three different mixed cultures of alfalfa and festucoid hybrid at ratios 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 were sown at a seeding rate of 30 kg·ha^-1 on small-scaled field plots (3 × 10 m). The soil type was Luvisol, either uninoculated or inoculated (⁓10.5 log10 CFUm^-2) with a commercial PGPR consortium containing (<em>Azotobacter</em>, <em>Sinorhizobium meliloti</em>, <em>Bacillus megatherium</em>). At the end of the trial, mixed soil samples (comprising 8 probes to a depth of 10 cm) were collected, and their biological properties were determined. Mixed cultures of alfalfa with the festucoid hybrid decreased nitrification; urease was lower by 8.5 % (alfalfa:festucoid 1:1), 36.5 % (2:1), and 49.7 % (3:1) compared to alfalfa control. <span>d</span>-glucose-induced respiration was higher by 55.4 % (2:1) and by 23.1 % (3:1), along with a negative trend in the nitrifying <em>Archaea</em> abundance. <em>Nitrososphaeria</em> relative abundance decreased from 4.5 % (1:1) to 9.4 % (3:1) compared to the control. Inoculation indirectly affected nitrogen (N) turnover in the mixed variants by increasing urease (2:1 inoculated 49.1 % over 2:1 uninoculated; 3:1 inoculated 36.5 % over 3:1 uninoculated value) and increased the relative abundance of <em>Nitrososphaeria</em> (alfalfa inoculated 7.3 % and 2:1 inoculated 4.2 % over uninoculated control). Inoculation enhanced phosphatase activity (1:1 inoculated 11.4 %; 2:1 inoculated 21.8 %, 3:1 inoculated 16.2 % over respective uninoculated values), specific soil respiration (alfalfa inoculated 146 %, 1:1 inoculated 192 %, 2:1 inoculated 3 % over uninoculated values), and brought a positive tendency in copiotrophic (<em>Actinobacteria</em>) relative abundance (alfalfa inoculated 10.2 %, 1:1 inoculated 6.1 %, 3:1 inoculated 3.4 % over respective uninoculated values), albeit it decreased fungal biomass. An increased rate of N₂ fixation and N assimilation in variants with high alfalfa: grass ratio decreased nitrification and increased mineralization of specific substrates. Inoculation neither directly enriched the soil with the introduced PGPR taxa nor shifted soil microbial diversity. However, it did prompt tendencies in community composition changes towards a higher proportion of nitrifiers and copiotrophs. Despite multiple changes in the tested experimental variants, no significant effect on the plant biomass of harvested crops was observed during the three years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103651"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term application of legume green manure improves rhizosphere soil bacterial stability and reduces bulk soil bacterial stability in rice","authors":"Jian Xiao ,&nbsp;Jianglin Zhang ,&nbsp;Haoliang Yuan ,&nbsp;Xue Xie ,&nbsp;Yajie Gao ,&nbsp;Yanhong Lu ,&nbsp;Yulin Liao ,&nbsp;Jun Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Overusing chemical fertilizers (CFs) causes soil degradation, which can be mitigated by partially substituting CFs with green manure. This study investigated the impact of traditional vs. improved fertilization schemes that included Chinese milk vetch (CMV) on soil properties and bacterial communities in rice rhizosphere and bulk soil from plots over 12 years under fertilization. The treatments included the conventional fertilization (CF₁₀₀), CMV (22.5 t ha⁻¹) with 100 % CF (CMV + CF₁₀₀), CMV with 80 % CF (CMV + CF₈₀), CMV with 60 % CF (CMV + CF₆₀), and CMV with 40 % CF (CMV + CF₄₀). CMV + CF40 increased the soil organic matter (SOM) content in the rhizosphere (bulk) soil by 38.02 % (37.86 %) compared to CF₁₀₀ (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The quality index in bulk soil increased by 5.49%–8.17 % through all CF combined with CMV. The rhizosphere bacterial diversity was 1.11%–2.30 % higher, and richness was 2.87%–4.93 % higher than in bulk soil. In the bulk soil, only the CMV + CF₄₀ increased the bacterial Shannon by 0.40 %, Ace by 0.84 %, and Chao1 indice by 0.89 %. Relative abundances of Geobacter in bulk soil were by 13.90%–52.27 %, Leptospirillum by 25%–77.12 %, and Desulfobacca by 7.42%–37.85 % higher than in the rhizosphere. The stability of the rhizosphere and bulk soil bacterial communities under the CMV input was predicted by the SOM and available phosphorus contents, as indicated by the degree of bacterial average variation. The CMV + CF₄₀ was recommended as the optimal alternative rate based on local soil ecological considerations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103652"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term plant mixtures alter soil organic carbon components and microbial network characteristics","authors":"Huaqing Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Gao ,&nbsp;Changjian Li ,&nbsp;Long Ma ,&nbsp;Kadambot H.M. Siddique ,&nbsp;Xining Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Restoring plant diversity is crucial to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and mitigate biodiversity loss and climate change. However, there is limited understanding of how plant diversity impacts biological SOC components and microbial communities in the short term, impeding informed agricultural management decisions. We conducted controlled experiments with various herbaceous plant mixtures to investigate the short-term effects of plant diversity on SOC components (e.g., amino sugars and lignin phenols) and associated microbial community. While soil physical and chemical properties remained relatively stable over one year, plant diversity significantly increased both microbial-derived and plant-derived carbon contents. The plant-derived carbon of two, three, and four-species mixture treatments was higher than 38 %, 59 %, and 80 %, respectively, compared to that of one species. Similarly, microbial-derived carbon increased by 68 %, 117 %, and 164 % for treatments with two, three, and four species mixtures compared to the one species treatment. While plant species richness did not influence bacterial &amp; fungal diversity and community composition at the phylum level, it did affect community constitution at the genus level. Moreover, plant diversity decreased the total number of edges, the number of negatively related edges, and the mean degree of the fungal co-occurrence network. Hence, our results suggest that plant diversity may alter SOC composition by influencing soil microorganism interactions. The rapid response of organic carbon components to plant diversity could underpin total SOC accumulation in the long term. This study provides novel insights into how plant diversity shapes short-term SOC dynamics by influencing microbial interactions, potentially contributing to long-term SOC accumulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of organic amendment on earthworm density and biomass in sugarcane fields with different soil pH","authors":"Miwa Arai ,&nbsp;Kenta Ikazaki ,&nbsp;Yoshifumi Terajima ,&nbsp;Toshihiko Anzai ,&nbsp;Yukio Minamiya","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Application of organic amendments to agricultural fields often increases earthworm density and biomass. Soil pH can influence earthworm species composition, density, and biomass. However, the effects of organic amendments on these three characteristics at different soil pH value are not fully understood, especially in tropical agricultural fields. In sugarcane fields on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, we measured soil properties and earthworm species composition, density, and biomass at three paired sites (with and without filter cake input) in soil with low pH (pH-5 sites; pH &lt; 5.2 without filter cake) and moderate pH (pH-6 sites; pH &gt; 6.0 without filter cake), 12 sites in total. The fields contained <em>Pontoscolex corethrurus</em> (Müller, 1856), <em>Polypheretima elongata</em> (Perrier, 1872), and <em>Dichogaster bolaui</em> (Michaelsen, 1891); <em>P. corethrurus</em> was dominant and mean species richness was 1.2. Filter cake application increased earthworm density and biomass at the pH-5 sites but decreased them at the pH-6 sites. This discrepancy in effect might be due to how pH changed when filter cake was added. At pH near neutral, even a small change in proton content could result in a large change in soil pH. The application of filter cake did not change soil pH at the pH-5 sites, but it significantly decreased soil pH at the pH-6 sites, which might have caused the reduction of earthworm density and biomass. Overall, organic amendment affected soil physicochemical and biological properties over the short term in the subtropics, depending on the prior soil pH. Under certain soil conditions, organic amendment can improve both the physicochemical and biological properties of soil, which could improve soil ecosystem services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Effects of cropping sequences and rotational grazing on diversity, biomass, density and body mass of earthworms”","authors":"Máximo Alvarez ,&nbsp;Andrés Ligrone ,&nbsp;Gervasio Piñeiro ,&nbsp;Gabriella Jorge-Escudero","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Earthworms are classified as ecosystem engineers, given their ability to modify resources and habitats for other organisms. However, they are also strongly influenced by the land uses changes. Our study investigated the impact of different agricultural systems (rotational grazing versus continuous grazing ; cropping systems in pasture phase versus crop phase) on earthworm communities (diversity, biomass, density and body mass) in Uruguay, a context that is still poorly documented. We found a total of nine earthworm species. Rotational and continuous grazing systems exhibited similar mean richness (2.67–2.33, respectively), while in the crop phase, the mean richness was 2 points higher than that of the pasture phase (5.67 and 3.67, respectively). The results of the principal component analysis confirmed an overlap between the two grazing systems, rotational and continuous, indicating similarities in earthworm species composition in these systems. On the other hand, the pasture phase showed partial overlap with the grazing systems but the crop phase did not overlap with any of other three land uses. No significant difference was found in biomass in rotational grazing versus continuous grazing and in pasture phase versus crop phase. Earthworm density was significantly higher in rotational grazing compared to continuous grazing and in the crop phase compared to pasture phase. Body mass differences were observed in different land uses or developmental stages, observing in average smaller earthworms in rotational grazing compared to continuous grazing. Co-inertia analysis revealed associations between soil variables and earthworm biomass and body mass. Soil variables, including clay and calcium, strongly correlated with earthworm biomass. This study highlights the complexity of earthworm responses to land use, challenging logical interpretations. Further research is needed to elucidate the nuanced interactions between earthworm communities and environmental variables, providing valuable insights for sustainable land management practices, since both soil and plant health is known to be enhanced by the presence of earthworms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141622378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic fertilisation enhances network complexity among bacteria, fungi, and protists by improving organic matter and phosphorus in acidic agricultural soils","authors":"Ke Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyi Xing ,&nbsp;Shubin Wang ,&nbsp;Rujia Liao ,&nbsp;Muhammad Umair Hassan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Aamer ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Barbanti ,&nbsp;Tianwang Wen ,&nbsp;Huifang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research has explored the impact of organic fertilisation on improving agroecosystem productivity and resilience, highlighting the significant contributions of protists in addition to bacteria and fungi. However, the interactions among bacteria, fungi and protists in organically fertilised soils remain largely unknown. In this study, soil samples were collected from four long-term fertilisation treatments: no fertilisation (Control), inorganic fertilisation (NPK), organic fertilisation (OM), and combined inorganic and organic fertilisation (NPKOM). The abundance and composition of bacteria, fungi, and protist communities, as well as co-occurrence networks, were analysed under different fertilisation treatments. Our results showed that the total abundance of bacteria, fungi, and protists increased by a minimum of 2.95, 3.47, and 0.66 times, respectively, after organic fertiliser application. Moreover, the application of organic fertilisers significantly altered the structures of soil microbial communities by enriching bacterial Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, fungal Ascomycota, and protist Conosa. Changes in the total abundance of bacteria, fungi, and protists, and their community structures in soils with organic fertilisers were associated with increases in soil organic carbon and phosphorous. Additionally, microbial networks exhibited greater complexity in organically fertilised soils than in non-organically fertilised soils by possessing higher linkage density. The increased complexity may be attributed to potential interkingdom associations among bacteria, fungi, and protists in high soil organic carbon and phosphorus. These results highlight that the application of organic fertilisers has the potential to enhance the complexity of microbial coexistence in acidic agricultural soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103649"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141605076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}