European Journal of Soil Biology最新文献

{"title":"High-rate pig manure substitution enhances comammox Nitrospira abundance and diversity in the Cinnamomum camphora coppice planting soils","authors":"Luyuan Sun ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Jiao Zhao ,&nbsp;Ting Zhang ,&nbsp;Fengyi Han ,&nbsp;Zi-Yang He ,&nbsp;Yongxin Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Comammox <em>Nitrospira</em> represents a groundbreaking discovery in nitrogen cycle research, showcasing its remarking ability for complete ammonia oxidation, which challenges prior conceptions of nitrification. In this study, we examined the response of comammox <em>Nitrospira</em> gene abundance, diversity, and community structure to different rates of pig manure substitution (0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 %) in subtropical agroforestry soils. The abundance of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms was assessed by qPCR, whereas the diversity and structure of comammox <em>Nitrospira</em> were determined by high-throughput sequencing. Our findings revealed that pig manure substitution led to an increase in soil pH, available phosphorus (AP), comammox <em>Nitrospira</em> abundance, and diversity within soils under <em>Cinnamomum camphora</em> coppice planting. Soil pH and AP were the primary factors influencing the diversity and community structure of comammox <em>Nitrospira</em>. Moreover, pig manure substitution significantly influenced the composition of comammox <em>Nitrospira</em>, notably by increasing the relative abundance of clade A.2.1 while reducing that of clade A.2.2. However, pig manure substitution did not exert a significant impact on net nitrification rates, suggesting bacterial relative abundances were more sensitive to manure substitution compared to the underlying biogeochemical processes. Overall, our results offer new insights into the response of comammox <em>Nitrospira</em> to different rates of pig manure substitution in <em>Cinnamomum camphora</em> coppice planting soils, highlighting the pivotal role of soil AP and pH as the key determinants shaping comammox <em>Nitrospira</em> diversity and community structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earthworm records and habitat associations in the British Isles","authors":"F. Ashwood ,&nbsp;K.D. Brown ,&nbsp;E. Sherlock ,&nbsp;A.M. Keith ,&nbsp;J. Forster ,&nbsp;K.R. Butt","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The National Earthworm Recording Scheme (NERS) is the most comprehensive national database of earthworm species occurrence records for the British Isles, and possibly for any individual country in the world. Utilising the NERS database, we sought to update the current knowledge of earthworm species occurrences in the UK, Ireland and Channel Islands; identify species-specific habitat and microhabitat associations; reveal any biases and complementarities between amateur naturalist and research-related earthworm record collection; and inform how future earthworm sampling can be better focussed to improve our knowledge of earthworm ecology. We found that the most commonly occurring earthworm species were present in farmland and woodland, and recovered via soil pit sampling, the most common habitat-sampling protocol combinations. However, several earthworm species showed specificity to alternative habitats (such as trees, wetlands, and compost), and association with microhabitat (non-soil) sampling. There were clear disparities between scientific researchers and amateur naturalist recorders in terms of habitat types visited and sampling protocols/microhabitats used in the collection of earthworm records. Most importantly, we found that earthworm species currently considered to be nationally ‘rare’ in the British Isles are significantly associated with the most under-represented habitat-protocol/microhabitat combinations (forest deadwood and other microhabitats, in addition to scrubland, wetland and heathland habitats), and thus may not be rare, only under-sampled. We therefore encourage earthworm researchers and recorders to give greater attention to these situations, to gain new insights into these earthworm species' ecologies and distributions. Finally, we would like to promote the establishment of earthworm recording schemes in other countries, to enable national and global collaborative monitoring of earthworm responses to environmental change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103642"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1164556324000487/pdfft?md5=8ecd0eaacb08de217f724b700b41c095&pid=1-s2.0-S1164556324000487-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141423790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol agent amendments shape the soybean rhizosphere in a cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) conducive soil over a two-year field trial","authors":"Muhammad Siddique Afridi ,&nbsp;Pablo Schulman ,&nbsp;William Dias Teixeira ,&nbsp;Rafaela Araujo Guimaraes ,&nbsp;Victor Nardelli Castanehira Lacerda ,&nbsp;Samuel Junio Cirilo Teixeira ,&nbsp;Flavio Henrique Vasconcelos de Medeiros","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plant-associated beneficial microorganisms play a vital role in promoting plant health, fitness, and disease suppression, leading to improved plant growth and protection against specific plant parasites. Microbial amendments may reduce nematode parasite populations and ensure plant yield, yet their long-term impact on the native plant microbiome under field conditions is not well understood. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of biocontrol products against soybean cyst nematode (SCN) using two application methods over a two-year period under field conditions. <em>Pochonia chlamydosporia</em> PC10 (Rizotec), <em>Bacillus methylotrophicus</em> UFPEDA 20 (Onix), and <em>Trichoderma koningiopsis</em> GF 362 were applied either through seed inoculation or in-furrow treatment at planting. The treatments effectively reduced the nematode population, with <em>T. koningiopsis</em> showing significant deviations from the control and leading to a notable increase in yield. No difference in the Shannon diversity index was detected for the alpha-diversity of root-associated 16S, ITS2, and 18S communities. The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria<em>,</em> Acidobacteria<em>,</em> Actinobacteria for 16S; Ascomycota<em>,</em> Basidiomycota<em>,</em> Mortierellomycota for ITS2; and Ascomycota, and Cercozoa for 18S. In the 16S community, <em>T. koningiopsis</em> and <em>B. methylotrophicus</em> caused a 25 % increase in the relative abundance of <em>Sphingomonas</em> spp. compared to the control. Additionally, the relative abundance of <em>Mortierella</em> spp. significantly increased by 50 % in both the <em>T. koningiopsis</em> and <em>B. methylotrophicus</em> treatments compared to the control. Both treatments also led to a significant reduction in <em>Fusarium</em> spp. by 37.5 % and 31.5 %, respectively. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that communities were disrupted after the first application, but grew more intricate and cohesive after the second year of biocontrol product amendment. <em>T. koningiopsis</em> and <em>B. methylotrophicus</em> demonstrated potential in reducing nematode and <em>Fusarium</em> populations, leading to increased yield production. However, under high nematode pressure, relying solely on biocontrol measures does not guarantee a reduction in SCN population or yield improvement. Manipulating the microbial community to reduce harmful organisms and promote biocontrol-related species may offer long-term benefits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103638"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pristine and UV-aged polyethylene microplastics’ impact on gut microbiome and reproduction of earthworm Eisenia andrei","authors":"Elise Quigley ,&nbsp;Ana L. Patrício Silva ,&nbsp;Sónia Chelinho ,&nbsp;Luís Cunha ,&nbsp;Maria JI. Briones ,&nbsp;José P. Sousa","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The impact of microplastics (MPs) on soil organisms is still a growing field, yet very little is known about the exposure of ultraviolet (UV) aging of MPs to soil organisms. In this study, we explored the response of the epigeic earthworm <em>Eisenia andrei</em> to pristine and UV-aged polyethylene (PE-MP) exposure at a wide range of environmentally relevant concentrations (0, 0.2, 2, 20, 200 and 2000 mg kg⁻¹) in an organic farm soil for 56d and assessed changes in reproduction, ingestion, egestion and gut microbiome. Results showed that exposure to 20 mg kg⁻¹ pristine PE-MP significantly increased earthworm reproduction by 39 % but the same concentration decreased reproduction by 29 % when they were exposed to UV-aged PE-MP. Ingestion of PE was verified by staining the whole worm body and their casts after 48h of starvation. The amounts of PE-MP found in the body and the casts were positively correlated with PE-MP concentrations in the soil, however only significantly so with pristine PE-MP. A decline in <em>E. andrei</em> gut microbiome alpha diversity and a significantly different community composition were observed in UV-aged PE-MP exposures compared to pristine PE-MP. Relative to the control treatments, Proteobacteria increased up to 135 %, Actinobacteria increased up to 35 %, and Firmicutes decreased up to 38 % under UV-aged PE-MP exposure, whereas Cyanobacteria increased up to 19 times in the pristine PE-MP treatments. These results confirm the negative effect of UV-aged PE-MP on earthworms even at low concentrations and could have important implications in the well-functioning of agricultural soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141325276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"phoD-harboring bacterial community assembly and co-occurrence in soil aggregates during roadside slope restoration","authors":"Zongyang Liu ,&nbsp;Shenghao Ai ,&nbsp;Meihua Sheng ,&nbsp;Jingyao Xiao ,&nbsp;Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Yingwei Ai ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Ai","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil organic phosphorus (OP) mineralization plays a vital role in the ecological restoration of roadside slopes. However, the changes in the functional bacterial (<em>phoD</em>-harboring) community involved in OP mineralization in soil aggregates during slope restoration are still unknown. In this study, a space-for-time substitution was conducted to compare the differences in the <em>phoD</em>-harboring bacterial community structure and assembly in soil aggregates of four particle sizes (&lt;0.053, 0.25–2, 0.053–0.25, and &gt;2 mm) at different slope restoration ages (7, 11, and 14 years). The results showed no significant differences in the <em>phoD</em>-harboring community diversity and structure among soil aggregates in the same restoration year. Community structure dissimilarity increased with restoration time. Species replacement dominated slope soils restored for 7, 11, and 14 years, accounting for 78.40 %, 79.68 %, and 68.96 % of the total β-diversity, respectively. Community assembly processes shifted from coexisting deterministic (68 %) and stochastic (32 %) processes in the 7-year restoration slope soil to dominantly deterministic (98 % and 91 %) processes in the 11- and 14-year restoration slope soils, respectively. Dominant <em>phoD</em>-harboring bacteria tended to shift from r-to K-strategies as slope restoration progressed, and the C:P ratio significantly correlated with both community structure and assembly. The increasing C:P ratio over restoration time stimulated <em>phoD</em>-harboring bacteria to secrete alkaline phosphatase to improve P availability, enhancing the complexity and stability of the network. This study elucidates the changing patterns of <em>phoD</em>-harboring bacteria in soil aggregates and provides a theoretical basis for the management of soil P during roadside restoration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141325275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional-scale biogeographical patterns of soil extracellular enzyme activities across eight Chinese fir plantation locations","authors":"Han-shuo Zhang ,&nbsp;Mi-lin Deng ,&nbsp;Hao Yang ,&nbsp;Bi-jiang Fang ,&nbsp;Wen-feng Lan ,&nbsp;Qiu-hua Ma ,&nbsp;Huai-feng Weng ,&nbsp;Zhi-jie Yang ,&nbsp;Yi-rong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chinese fir (<em>Cunninghamia lanceolata</em>) is the most important conifer tree species in plantations in subtropical China. Soil extracellular enzyme activities (EEAs) play key roles in mediating multiple forest ecosystem functions, such as organic matter decomposition, nutrient cycling, and plant productivity. In this study, the activities of five soil extracellular enzymes and their stoichiometric (EES) features were investigated at eight Chinese fir plantation locations. The results showed that the soil EEAs exhibited distinct biogeographic differences and were primarily affected by the spatial heterogeneity of soil nutrients. We found that the soil EES was strongly influenced by soil pH and mean annual temperature. Moreover, soil properties were found to be more important than climatic factors in influencing changes in soil microbial nutrient restrictions based on vector length (0.43 vs. −0.1). Random forest analysis indicated that changes in microbial nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) limitations were mainly affected by soil NO₃⁻-N and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), whereas soil microbial C limitation was largely influenced by pH, DOC, and total C content. This study sheds light on how soil and climatic factors affect soil EES in subtropical Chinese fir plantation ecosystems and provides useful insights for the development of management strategies to improve the productivity of Chinese fir forests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141303587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The metabolic intermediate of sulfonamides alters soil nitrous oxide emissions","authors":"Jie Wu ,&nbsp;Zhutao Li ,&nbsp;Pinshang Xu ,&nbsp;Shumin Guo ,&nbsp;Kejie Li ,&nbsp;Jinyang Wang ,&nbsp;Jianwen Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Veterinary antibiotics are increasingly used in the livestock industry annually. Sulfonamides introduced into the soil with manure are usually largely degraded in various pathways. However, the influence of the metabolic intermediate of sulfonamides on nitrogen (N) cycling under anaerobic conditions in soils has been overlooked. To this end, we carried out a microcosm experiment to investigate the potential consequences of ADPD (2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine, a degradation product of sulfonamide) at five concentration gradients (i.e., 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg kg⁻¹) on nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, associated genes involved in N cycling, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in soils applied with manure or urea. The results showed that ADPD application promoted N₂O emissions under flooded conditions at environmentally relevant concentrations, and the maximum cumulative N₂O emissions were observed at 1 mg kg⁻¹ and 0.1 mg kg⁻¹ ADPD for manure and urea applied, respectively. The main reasons were the imbalance of denitrifying bacteria, which affected N₂O production and reduction, and the increase of antibiotic resistance in soil bacteria. In conclusion, these findings contribute to assessing the eco-environmental risks associated with the prevalence of sulfonamide metabolic intermediates and expand our understanding of the link between antibiotics and N transformation. Further research in the field is warranted to incorporate their recommendations into the greenhouse gas assessment system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 103629"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141164043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal responses of soil microbial biomass C and enzymatic activity comparing no-tillage and integrated crop-livestock systems","authors":"Romario Martins Costa ,&nbsp;Erica Maria Batista Araujo ,&nbsp;Davila Esmelinda Oliveira Silva ,&nbsp;Sandra Mara Barbosa Rocha ,&nbsp;Aurenivia Bonifacio ,&nbsp;Ricardo Silva Sousa ,&nbsp;Arthur Prudencio de Araujo Pereira ,&nbsp;Erika Valente de Medeiros ,&nbsp;Edvaldo Sagrilo ,&nbsp;José Oscar Lustosa de Oliveira Junior ,&nbsp;Henrique Antunes de Souza ,&nbsp;Ademir Sergio Ferreira Araujo","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sustainable agricultural systems, such as integrated crop-livestock (ICL) and no-tillage (NT), aim to sustainably produce crops and livestock while simultaneously conserving soil and its microbial properties, mainly in tropical regions. However, little is known about how microbial properties respond seasonally to management applied in NT and ICL. Thus, this study assessed the seasonal responses of soil microbial biomass C and enzymatic activity comparing both NT and ICL. The experimental area, under a block design with four replicates, with both NT and ICL management, was implemented in December 2022 on Yellow Argisol soil in Maranhao state, Brazil. Soil samples were collected (0–20 cm depth) in March, June, September, December, and March (2023). The results showed an effect size varying between 0.06 and 0.95 for agricultural systems, and 0.63 to 0.95 for sampling time. For the interaction between agricultural systems and sampling time, the effect size was superior to 0.86. NT showed initially higher microbial biomass C (∼50 %), leveling with ICL by the end of the sampling period. Phosphatase and dehydrogenase increased in ICL from March to June (∼200 % and ∼700 % for phosphatase and dehydrogenase, respectively), while fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis fluctuated in NT. Urease was higher (∼100 %) during all sampling times in NT. Linear discriminant analysis revealed distinct responses across sampling times, with a positive effect of pH on enzymatic activity in both systems and soil moisture and P impacting positively on microbial biomass in ICL. Our results revealed significant seasonal responses of soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activity comparing NT and ICL, but with distinct responses to agricultural systems. The study showed seasonal variation of soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activity dependent on the characteristics of NT and ICL. Therefore, understanding these differences helps farmers make better decisions for healthier soil and better crops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 103628"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141097884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking soil organic carbon characteristics, nutrient stoichiometry, and microbial community to eco-enzymatic stoichiometry within aggregates in different aged walnut plantations","authors":"Yaqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenfang Yang ,&nbsp;Yingru Liu ,&nbsp;Xuemei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanli Li ,&nbsp;Guohui Qi ,&nbsp;Shaohui Huang ,&nbsp;Haoan Luan","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research on the variations of microbial attributes, C and nutrient properties, eco-enzymatic activities and their stoichiometry in different aged walnut orchards is essential for the sustainable development of walnut gardens. Here, four walnut orchards of various ages (0-, 7-, 14-, and 21-years) were selected in Hebei province, China, to evaluate the temporal changes in the above-mentioned indices within aggregates based on thermal gravimetric analysis, phospholipid fatty acid analysis and fluorometric assays. Results revealed that as the walnut plantation ages or aggregate sizes increased, the quantity and thermal stability of organic C exhibited increasing and decreasing trends, respectively. Long-term walnut plantation could increase C- and P- acquiring enzyme activities, and decrease N-acquiring enzyme activities in larger aggregates. Eco-enzymatic stoichiometry analyses demonstrated that the microbial C and P co-limitation increased with aggregate sizes or walnut plantation ages, although long-term walnut planting (14- and 21-years) and larger aggregates (&gt;0.25 mm) provided more and easily available C resources for microbes. The aggravated C limitation (or P limitation) could be ascribed to the increased the ratio between microbial biomass C and organic carbon content (or the increased fungi/bacteria and soil N/P ratios) in the elder walnut plantations or larger aggregates. Overall, the study's results can provide several valuable insights (e.g., the old orchards can appropriately apply more P fertilizer) into the sustainable development of walnut gardens from the perspective of microbial nutrient demand.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 103627"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different soil organic amendments (OAs) on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)","authors":"Yujia Luo ,&nbsp;Juan Bautista Gonzalez Lopez ,&nbsp;H. Pieter J. van Veelen ,&nbsp;Dirk-Jan Daniel Kok ,&nbsp;Romke Postma ,&nbsp;Dirk Thijssen ,&nbsp;Valentina Sechi ,&nbsp;Annemiek ter Heijne ,&nbsp;T. Martijn Bezemer ,&nbsp;Cees J.N. Buisman","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) synthesized by soil microorganisms play a crucial role in maintaining soil structure by acting as binding agents of soil aggregates. Microbial EPS production is governed by C sources, soil nutrient availability, pH, and other local environmental factors. Another important factor is soil management, and particularly, the addition of organic amendments (OAs), has the potential to influence soil EPS as it can change the biotic and abiotic properties of the soil. Yet the response of soil EPS to the addition of OAs, especially in field trials, and its subsequent impact on soil aggregation remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the influence of OAs (including compost from organic residues, mown grass from roadsides and parks, and cattle manure) on soil EPS content and aggregate stability in a three-year field experiment with annual OA application. We further investigated factors that govern EPS production in the soil by exploring the relationship between soil EPS (i.e., polysaccharide and protein content), soil physicochemical properties (i.e., pH, dissolved organic carbon, available and total amount of nutrients), and the soil microbial community (i.e., microbial abundance and taxonomic structure). We found that the addition of grass, manure, and the combination of grass and manure led to an increase in soil EPS content compared to unamended and compost-amended soils. EPS content was correlated with soil variables; in particular, a significant positive correlation was observed between EPS concentration and available N in the soil. Furthermore, bacterial and fungal biomass contributed to soil EPS. Specific bacteria (e.g., members of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi) and fungi (e.g., members of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) demonstrated strong and significant correlations with EPS in the soil. The direction of correlation, whether positive or negative, varied at the order level. In addition, our study revealed significant positive correlations between EPS concentration and soil aggregate stability. These findings offer insights into designing sustainable agricultural management practices, and whether the application of appropriate OAs can enhance soil EPS content and, consequently, soil aggregate stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 103624"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S116455632400030X/pdfft?md5=3a5fa8bccf304bb896075e3554d208c4&pid=1-s2.0-S116455632400030X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141068230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}