Environmental Health Perspectives最新文献

{"title":"Maternal Exposure to\u0000Quaternary Ammonium Disinfectants:\u0000Transplacental Transfer and Adverse Effects on Placental Function","authors":"Zhipeng Cheng,Shaohan Zhang,Jialan Liu,Xiaoying Li,Ping Li,Pingping Wang,Hongkai Zhu,Yiming Yao,Lei Wang,Hui Peng,Tao Zhang,Hongwen Sun","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c00076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c00076","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Quaternary ammonium disinfectants (QACs) are being increasingly used since the COVID-19 pandemic, however, their potential impacts on sensitive populations (e.g., pregnant populations and developing fetuses) remain largely unexplored. In this study, we combined human biomonitoring with in vivo models (including rat uterine perfusion and oral administration in mice) and an in vitro model (human placental trophoblast BeWo cell line) to evaluate gestational exposure, the transplacental transport, and the toxic effects of QACs on placenta function. QACs are frequently detected in human maternal and cord blood/serum, revealing widespread gestational exposure and potential health effects. The molecular structure and lipid solubility affect the transplacental transfer of QACs. Using RT–qPCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining of rat placenta, siRNA-mediated knockdown in BeWo cells, and molecular docking analysis, we demonstrated that organic cation/carnitine transporters (OCTN1/2) are involved in the transplacental transfer of QACs. QACs exhibit stronger acute cytotoxicity (e.g., 3.75 μM for C10DDAC) than well-recognized reproductive toxicants (e.g., TCS, PFOS, PFOA and MEHP). Exposure to nonlethal concentrations of QACs disrupts the expression of genes involved in cell differentiation and placental vascular development and dysregulates progesterone release in BeWo cells. Together, these findings suggest a mechanistic pathway through which ubiquitous disinfectants reach the fetus and impair placental function, highlighting the urgent need to re-evaluate their use during pregnancy to prevent exposure and health risks to the developing fetus.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"269 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149050091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the Burden of\u0000Ischemic Stroke Attributable\u0000to Temperature Variation under Climate Change Scenarios Accounting\u0000for Long-Term Adaptation","authors":"Zhaoyang Pan,Hailu Zhu,Xuewei Xie,Linhong Pang,Zijun Li,Jian Guo,Xia Meng,Yong Jiang,Xin Yang,Jing Zhang,Xingquan Zhao,Liping Liu,Yilong Wang,Zixiao Li,Zhenzhen Rao,Tianjia Guan,Yongjun Wang","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c00173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c00173","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract With the intensification of climate change, temperature variability (TV), a critical climatic dimension, is projected to increase. As a climate-sensitive disease, ischemic stroke may be affected by temperature variability; however, the evidence on the ischemic stroke burdens of short-term temperature variability in a changing climate remains unknown, especially accounting for long-term exposure adaptation. Based on a nationally representative, multicenter data set of over 1.6 million individual-level, hourly data on ischemic stroke onset from 2015 to 2022, we adopted a case-crossover study design to evaluate the association between short-term exposure to TV and ischemic stroke onset using conditional logistic regression. Furthermore, we took the long-term TV adaptation into account to derive the modified nonlinear exposure-response function and evaluated the ischemic stroke burden under different climate change scenarios. Short-term exposure to TV was positively associated with the risk of ischemic stroke onset, and long-term TV significantly modified the effects with populations living in regions of persistently high TV being more vulnerable. The ischemic stroke cases attributable to TV have more than doubled from 2000 to 2020. Under the high-emission scenario (SSP5-8.5), the attributable fraction of ischemic stroke is projected to increase substantially (19–58%) by the end of the century, particularly in vulnerable regions such as Southwest and South China. These findings demonstrate that individuals have limited adaptive capacity to temperature variability. Incorporating temperature variability into climate–health risk assessments, public health preparedness, and mitigation strategies will be essential to safeguard populations in an increasingly unstable climate system.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149050090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guiding Risk Reduction\u0000for Breast Cancer-Relevant\u0000Chemicals (BC-Chems): Chemical Production Volumes, Sources, Intake\u0000Levels, Emissions, and Regulations","authors":"Jennifer E. Kay,Rashmi Shakti,Jillian T. McEneaney,Claudia Polsky,Megan Schwarzman,Ruthann A. Rudel","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c00022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c00022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Breast cancer (BC) among women in all age groups continues to increase. Changes in reproductive risk factors cannot explain these trends, and rising rates among women under 40 cannot be explained by cancer screening, suggesting other factors are involved. We recently identified 920 chemicals whose biological activity suggests they can increase BC risk, the breast cancer-relevant chemical (BC-Chem) list, because they induce mammary tumors in rodents or activate estrogen or progesterone signaling in vitro. To develop exposure reduction strategies and inform BC research, we used US government databases to identify production volumes, uses, environmental releases, and predicted exposure levels in the US population. We found that exposure to potential breast carcinogens is ubiquitous. Billions of pounds of BC-Chems were emitted to air in 2020; tens of millions of pounds were released to the environment through industrial activities in 2024; and 143 were produced at 1 million pounds or more in 2019. Further, we found 500 BC-Chems likely present in consumer products, 462 in food, 162 in drinking water, 485 in pesticide formulations, 142 in pharmaceuticals, and 106 in construction materials. High-end predictions for median daily intakes in the US population exceeded 0.1 mg/kg body weight for 84 BC-Chems. Exposure could be reduced by health protective policies such as regulating drinking water contaminants and avoiding use in common products. These findings provide quantitative evidence to guide systematic prioritization of chemicals and mixtures for studying health effects, monitoring exposures, assessing risks, and preventing harm through exposure reduction.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149021680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to “Comment\u0000on ‘Time-Varying\u0000Exposure to Element Mixtures and Children’s Cognition at 5\u0000Years of Age: Findings from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study’”","authors":"Leyre Notario Barandiaran,Julia A. Bauer,Hannah E. Laue,Antonio J. Signes-Pastor,Brian P. Jackson,Janet L. Peacock,Juliette Madan,David C. Bellinger,Susan Korrick,Margaret R. Karagas","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c01587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c01587","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"65 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149022226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El Niño–Southern\u0000Oscillation and Diarrhea\u0000Risk among Young Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"Guoao Li,Bo Lu,Mengjie Geng,Haitao Wang,Qi Zhao,Jie Yan,Wei Ma","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c00005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Diarrhea in children is a climate-sensitive disease that causes a large disease burden worldwide, while the impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) remains unclear. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diarrhea risk among children associated with ENSO in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: Individual data on 1,340,334 children under five years of age were collected from 53 low- and middle-income countries from the Demographic and Health Surveys Program during 2005–2019, including information on diarrhea, demographic characteristics, cluster location, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). ENSO indexes (E and C index) were calculated with sea surface temperature through Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis. Teleconnection (τE and τC) of the locations where the cluster sites were located was calculated based on population-weighted temperature and total precipitation. For each location, ENSO exposure (El Niño and La Niña strength) were calculated by month-specific ENSO indexes and its teleconnection, respectively. A binomial generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to explore the association between ENSO exposure and diarrhea risk in children. Results: Odds ratios of diarrhea in children were 1.032 (95%CI: 1.025, 1.040) and 0.977 (95%CI: 0.971, 0.984) for each standard deviation increase in El Niño and La Niña strength, respectively. The effect size of El Niño was greater for children in rural areas [OR: 1.042 (95%CI: 1.033, 1.052)] and low-income households [OR: 1.047 (95%CI: 1.035, 1.060)]. The association between El Niño and diarrhea risk was stronger among those with unimproved toilet facilities and source of drinking water compared to those with improved conditions, while associations were similar by other WASH conditions, and La Niña showed similar results in the subgroup analyses. Discussion: This multicountry study indicates an association between ENSO and the diarrhea risk in children under five years globally. Our findings will benefit international prevention and control policy development for diarrhea in children to immediately reduce ENSO-related impacts.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149021707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal Exposure to\u0000Ambient Heat and Autism in California,\u0000USA: A Distributed Lag Analysis of Weekly Gestational Windows","authors":"Karl O’Sharkey,Bibiana Martinez,Sanjali Mitra,Ting Chow,Amanda J. Goodrich,Kathryn C. Conlon,Miriam Nuño,Deborah H. Bennett,Sean Raffuse,Sunny Kant,Mohammad Astaneh,Yusheng Zhao,Michael Kleeman,Beate Ritz,Rebecca J. Schmidt","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c00408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c00408","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Extreme heat is an increasing environmental health concern, yet its role in neurodevelopmental outcomes remains incompletely understood. Pregnancy represents a period of heightened vulnerability to environmental stressors, and heat-related physiological disruptions may influence fetal brain development. We examined associations between prenatal heat exposure and autism in a large, population-based cohort in California. We analyzed 2,013,431 singleton births in California (2015-2019), including 37,083 autism cases identified through linkage with Department of Developmental Services records. Prenatal heat exposure was assessed using daily average heat index, maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin), assigned based on the maternal residential location. Logistic regression models estimated associations for full pregnancy and predefined gestational windows, and distributed lag nonlinear models (DLNMs) were used to evaluate weekly exposures across gestation. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic factors and for PM2.5. A higher pregnancy-average heat index was associated with increased odds of autism (odds ratio per 10°F increase = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.17), with comparable positive associations observed for Tmin, a proxy of nighttime heat exposure, whereas Tmax showed little evidence of association. Window-specific analyses showed elevated associations during early and late pregnancy, with attenuation during mid-gestation. DLNMs revealed a consistent U-shaped temporal pattern across gestation. Associations were similar by sex but varied by socioeconomic status, with stronger relative associations observed in higher SES groups. Findings were robust across sensitivity analyses, including adjustment for ozone and season. Prenatal heat exposure, particularly sustained and nighttime heat, was associated with increased odds of autism, with evidence supporting multiple windows of susceptibility during gestation and potential modification by population-level differences in baseline heat exposure and acclimatization.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149021379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum PFAS Concentrations\u0000Among US Veterans, NHANES\u00002003–2018","authors":"Christian Hoover,Elizabeth Costello,Joseph M. Braun","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c00631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c00631","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149021377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Time-Varying\u0000Exposure to Element\u0000Mixtures and Children’s Cognition at 5 Years of Age: Findings\u0000from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study”","authors":"Cai Zhang,Yu Lin","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c01150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c01150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148933042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to Size-Fractioned\u0000Ambient Particles Associated\u0000with Alterations in Gut Microbiome and Pro-Atherosclerotic Biomarkers\u0000in Young Adults","authors":"Xinghou He,Bin Zhang,Erlu Zhao,Yan Fang,Jiahui Liu,Yutong Zhu,Huiying Xu,Qian Zhao,Xiaoming Song,Tong Wang,Hongbing Xu,Wei Huang","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c00374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c00374","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Ambient fine and ultrafine particles are linked to the progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, wherein gut microbiome may play a critical role. However, the underlying mechanisms and relevant metabolic pathways are not yet fully understood. Objectives: To identify the features and metabolic pathways of gut microbiome, and to explore their potential roles in the pro-inflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic effects of particles in size ranges of 5–560 nm (measured as number concentration, PNC5–560). Methods: We conducted a longitudinal panel study of 152 young adults in Beijing, China, with four monthly clinical examinations between September 2019 and January 2020. Gut microbiome, fecal metabolome, and circulating pro-inflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic biomarkers were measured. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the associations linking short-term PNC5–560 exposure to health indicators. We further evaluated whether gut microbiota could mediate changes in these biomarkers and identified the underlying metabolic pathways. Results: Major sources of PNC5–560 in the study area were identified as diesel vehicle emissions (37.9%), gasoline vehicle emissions (39.4%), nucleation (9.2%), and secondary aerosols (11.9%). Per interquartile range increment in PNC5–560 over the preceding 7 days was associated with significant elevations in circulating pro-inflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic biomarkers, with effect estimates ranging from 2.1% (95% CI: 0.4%, 3.8%) to 198.6% (95% CI: 29.3%, 365.8%). PNC5–560 exposure was also associated with decreased gut microbial α-diversity (e.g., Shannon, Simpson, and Chao1) and altered taxonomic composition. Several microbial species (e.g., Solibaculum mannosilyticum, Bacteroides stercoris, and Bifidobacterium longum) were identified as potential mediators of the effects of PNC5–560 on pro-inflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic responses, with mediation proportions up to 9.8% (95% CI: 0.8, 38.3) and 4.8% (95% CI: 0.09, 22.5), respectively. Functional analyses further revealed that these mediating effects involved perturbations in nucleotide and amino acid metabolism pathways. Conclusions: This study provides evidence suggesting that gut microbiome may regulate nucleotide and amino acid metabolism, thereby partially mediating the detrimental cardiovascular effects of size-fractioned ambient particles.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148894977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Green\u0000Space and Air Pollution Mixture\u0000with Heterogeneous Biological Aging Patterns","authors":"Guoqiang Ma,Jing Xu,Yishu Li,Yuefei Wu,Qian Li,Xuan Cao,Zitong Zhao,Jingyan Gao,Lijun Gao,Lina Yan,Xiaolin Zhang","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c00004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Evidence on associations between green space, air pollution mixture, and heterogeneous biological aging patterns remains limited. We investigated the opposing effects of green space and air pollution mixture on biological aging patterns using an accelerated longitudinal design based on repeated-measures data from 11,760 adults (aged 20–65 years) in a high-pollution Chinese city. Biological age acceleration (BAA) was derived via the Klemera-Doubal method. Group-based trajectory modeling identified three stable BAA profiles, labeled as “slow”, “moderate”, and “accelerated” aging, which were primarily distinguished by overall BAA magnitude rather than divergent slopes over age. Multinomial generalized linear mixed models and weighted quantile sum regression were applied to assess environmental associations. Higher green space (500 m normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)) was associated with lower odds of membership in the “accelerated aging” trajectory (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.95). Even under limited exposure contrast in this high-pollution setting, higher exposures to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and O3 were associated with higher odds of membership in the accelerated aging trajectory. The air pollution mixture showed a consistent positive association (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.24), driven primarily by O3 and PM10. Mediation analysis revealed that 25.0% of the protective association of green space was mediated by reduced pollution exposure. These findings highlight green space as a vital resilience resource, supporting synergistic urban greening and pollution control strategies to promote healthy aging.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148894979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}