Linking "big" geospatial and health data: implications for research in environmental epidemiology.

IF 9.8 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Andrea R Titus, Tarik Benmarhnia, Lorna E Thorpe
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Environmental epidemiology studies increasingly integrate "big" geospatial and health datasets to examine associations between environmental factors and health outcomes. Using such datasets - and linking between them - presents a number of complexities with regard to study design and analytic approaches. These complexities are often magnified with the integration of additional contextual data representing other neighborhood characteristics, including socioeconomic factors. Guidance regarding the design of environmental health studies that leverage "big" geospatial and health outcome data is limited and fragmented.

Objective: Drawing on methodological literature and case studies, this commentary outlines common challenges related to geospatial and health data linkages, posing a series of guiding questions and considerations for investigators conducting environmental health studies, particularly analyses with an etiological focus.

Discussion: Recommendations include: 1) using a target trial approach to guide causal analysis, 2) aligning measures with hypothesized causal mechanisms, 3) exploring opportunities to "groundtruth" and validate data, and 4) prioritizing interdisciplinary science. The goal of the commentary is to consolidate insights from multiple disciplines - including exposure science, epidemiology, and sociology - to provide a foundation for etiologic research focused on advancing environmental health for all populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15756.

链接“大”地理空间和卫生数据:对环境流行病学研究的影响。
背景:环境流行病学研究越来越多地整合“大”地理空间和健康数据集,以检查环境因素与健康结果之间的关联。使用这样的数据集——以及它们之间的联系——在研究设计和分析方法方面呈现出许多复杂性。这些复杂性往往会随着代表其他社区特征(包括社会经济因素)的额外背景数据的整合而被放大。关于设计利用“大”地理空间和健康结果数据的环境卫生研究的指导是有限和零碎的。目标:根据方法学文献和案例研究,本评论概述了与地理空间和卫生数据联系有关的共同挑战,为开展环境卫生研究,特别是以病因为重点的分析的调查人员提出了一系列指导性问题和考虑事项。讨论:建议包括:1)使用目标试验方法来指导因果分析,2)将测量与假设的因果机制结合起来,3)探索“基础真相”和验证数据的机会,以及4)优先考虑跨学科科学。本评论的目标是整合来自多学科的见解,包括暴露科学、流行病学和社会学,为病因学研究提供基础,重点是促进所有人群的环境健康。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15756。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Environmental Health Perspectives
Environmental Health Perspectives 环境科学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
14.40
自引率
2.90%
发文量
388
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Health Perspectives (EHP) is a monthly peer-reviewed journal supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, part of the National Institutes of Health under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Its mission is to facilitate discussions on the connections between the environment and human health by publishing top-notch research and news. EHP ranks third in Public, Environmental, and Occupational Health, fourth in Toxicology, and fifth in Environmental Sciences.
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