Environmental Health Perspectives最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Long-Term Air Pollution Exposure on Disease Outcomes and Hybrid Immune Responses in SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections: A Study of the Yichang COVID-19 Antibody Longitudinal Survey (YC-CALS) in China.","authors":"Xiaolong Yan,Yin Du,Ke Li,Xin Zhao,Hao Wang,Li Liu,Qi Wang,Jianhua Liu,Sheng Wei","doi":"10.1289/ehp15660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15660","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDAs immunity wanes and viral mutations continue, the risk of endemic SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections (BTIs) remains. Air pollution is considered a risk factor for respiratory infection, but evidence of its association with SARS-CoV-2 BTIs is limited.OBJECTIVESWe aimed to examine the effects of long-term exposure to air pollution on disease outcomes, immune responses, and antibody dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 BTIs.METHODSWe gathered data on self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infections through questionnaires and measured IgG antibody levels using serological assays from a total of 6,875 participants from the Yichang COVID-19 Antibody Longitudinal Survey cohort in China. Air pollutant exposure (PM2.5, PM10, PM1, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO) was quantified using validated models for the past five years (2018 to 2022). Logistic and linear regression models were applied to analyze the associations between air pollutant levels and SARS-CoV-2 BTIs, Long COVID, COVID-19 hospitalization, and antibody responses. Quantile g-computation was used to assess the combined effects of pollutant mixtures. A linear mixed model was used to evaluate the effect of air pollution on antibody dynamics.RESULTSPer interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and CO, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for SARS-CoV-2 BTIs were 1.65(95% CI: 1.30, 2.08), 1.30 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.50), 1.63 (95% CI: 1.20, 2.20), and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.45). The ORs for PM2.5 were 1.78 (95% CI: 1.07, 3.02) and 2.02 (95% CI: 1.18, 3.54) for Long COVID and hospitalization. Per IQR increase in PM1 and NO2, IgG antibody percentages decreased by -2.31% (95% CI: -4.49%, -0.13%) and -2.69% (95% CI: -5.35%, -0.03%). Effects were stronger in older adults, those with comorbidities, and the under-vaccinated. The combined effect on SARS-CoV-2 BTIs was mainly driven by PM2.5 (59.4%), while the impact on IgG response was largely attributed to NO2 (63.7%). Exposure to the highest levels of PM2.5 (p = 0.002), PM1 (p < 0.001), and NO2 (p = 0.002) was associated with a faster IgG decline than the lowest.DISCUSSIONLong-term exposure to air pollution increases the risk of SARS-CoV-2 BTIs and disease severity while weakening the immune response, particularly for vulnerable populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15660.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Effects and Water Quality Following Low Pressure Events in Drinking Water Distribution Systems in the United States.","authors":"Mia C Mattioli,Katharine M Benedict,Shanna Miko,Catherine E Barrett,Alexis Roundtree,Sunkyung Kim,Sarah A Collier,Elizabeth Adam,Julia W Gargano,Jonathan S Yoder,Deborah A Vacs Renwick,Kenneth Rotert,Mike Sullivan,Sharon Sweeney,Michael Beach,Vincent R Hill","doi":"10.1289/ehp15564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15564","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDLow pressure events (LPEs), defined as a water service disruption that presumably lowers system water pressure, can cause drinking water contamination resulting in increased illness risk to consumers.OBJECTIVESExamine whether LPEs increase the risk for highly credible acute gastrointestinal illness (HCGI) and acute respiratory illness (ARI) and compare water quality in exposed and unexposed areas in the United States.METHODSA matched cohort study was conducted during 2015-2019. For each LPE, household survey exposed areas were matched 1:2 with unexposed areas based on water main size and material at the point of repair, as well as the housing type and demographic characteristics of the local population from the most recent census tract. Water samples were collected to monitor physicochemical and microbiological water quality parameters. Households (HHs) were surveyed about water use and illness during the 2 weeks after the LPE. Multivariable log-binomial models clustered on utility and LPE number were used to investigate associations between LPE exposure and HCGI and ARI.RESULTSFive water utilities reported 58 LPEs, including planned maintenance (76%) and emergency (24%) events. Controlling for livestock near home, private well presence, number of people in HH, and travel away from home, exposed HH were at higher risk of HCGI compared to unexposed HH (risk ratio =1.20; 95%CI: 1.05,1.37). No associations between LPE and ARI were detected. Certain LPEs characteristics like pipe material, size, and depth were associated with an increased HH HCGI risk. HHs experiencing LPEs where low disinfectant residual, high adenosine triphosphate, or general Bacteroidales were detected in water following an LPE repair were also at a higher risk for HCGI.CONCLUSIONSLPEs were associated with 20% higher risk of HCGI in HHs. Planned improvements to water distribution system infrastructure, adherence to industry standard distribution repair practices, and water monitoring following pipe repairs could supplement community alert systems to reduce illnesses from LPEs. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15564.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Metabolic Signatures in the Serum of South Korean Patients with Humidifier Disinfectant-Associated Lung Injury Identified through Untargeted Metabolomics.","authors":"Jinwoo Kim,Mi-Jin Kang,So-Yeon Lee,Sang-Bum Hong,Ho Cheol Kim,Myung Hee Nam,Soo-Jong Hong","doi":"10.1289/ehp14984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp14984","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe South Korean humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injury case was one of the worst disasters involving household chemical products, resulting in over 5,800 casualties. Despite the strong association between lung injury and humidifier disinfectants, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear.OBJECTIVESWe investigated patients with humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injury to identify key metabolic signatures, aiming to gain insights into the underlying pathogenic mechanisms based on the characteristics of these metabolites.METHODSWe employed untargeted metabolomics to assess the differential enrichment of plasma metabolites in 80 South Korean children with lung injuries caused by exposure to humidifier disinfectant containing polyhexamethylene guanidine. The key metabolites identified were subsequently validated in an independent cohort of 132 South Korean adults.RESULTSIn the plasma of patients with humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injuries, we observed significantly higher levels of oxidized lipids compared to healthy controls, with these levels negatively correlating with lung function. These metabolic signatures differentiated humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injury from other respiratory diseases in children, such as asthma and bronchiolitis obliterans. The 47 key metabolites identified in children were validated in an independent adult cohort. Furthermore, the classification performance of these metabolic signatures for humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injury achieved an accuracy of 0.97, a precision of 0.95, an F1 score of 0.97, and a recall of 1.00.DISCUSSIONThese findings suggest a connection between humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injury and oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation. The oxidative stress signatures provide valuable insights into the underlying pathogenesis of humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injury and may serve as potential targets for biomarker development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14984.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-diagnostic serum concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and risk of endometrial cancer in a US cohort.","authors":"Jessica M Madrigal,Britton Trabert,Danielle N Medgyesi,Jared A Fisher,Antonia M Calafat,Julianne Cook Botelho,Kayoko Kato,Paul S Albert,Debra T Silverman,Jonathan N Hofmann,Rena R Jones","doi":"10.1289/ehp16569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp16569","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of environmental factors on the distribution patterns of nephropathia epidemica cases in western Europe.","authors":"Diana Erazo,Maria Fernanda Vincenti-Gonzalez,Guillaume Ghisbain,Mirko Faber,Chantal Reusken,Virginie Sauvage,William Wint,Herwig Leirs,Simon Dellicour,Katrien Tersago","doi":"10.1289/ehp15457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15457","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDEnvironmental factors, such as fluctuations of climatic conditions and land cover, play a pivotal role in driving infectious disease epidemics, particularly those originating from wildlife reservoirs. Orthohantavirus puumalaense, hosted by bank voles in Europe, is the causative agent of a form of haemorrhagic fever and renal syndrome called nephropathia epidemica. Despite two decades of consistent presence in western Europe, nephropathia epidemica outbreaks still pose challenges due to localised periodic occurrences and a lack of understanding of its environmental drivers.OBJECTIVEOur study aims to bridge this gap by investigating the specific ecological and climatic factors influencing nephropathia epidemica outbreaks in western Europe.METHODSWe compiled monthly, serologically confirmed nephropathia epidemica case data obtained from public health authorities in Belgium, France, Germany, and the Netherlands for the period 2004-2012. Cases were geo-referenced to the finest available administrative unit. We selected 28 covariates, including climatic variables, land cover, tree species distributions, and human population, and implemented a Bayesian spatio-temporal model using integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) with zero-inflated Poisson distribution, including fixed effects and spatial, temporal, and non-structured random effects.RESULTSWe identified key triggers for nephropathia epidemica outbreaks, particularly climate-mediated changes in all seasons up to two years before, favouring tree mast impacting bank vole abundance. Our findings revealed that while land cover factors mostly determine hotspots locations, climatic fluctuation patterns rather tend to modulate outbreak intensity.DISCUSSIONCrucially, our model allows for the generation of yearly maps showcasing nephropathia epidemica incidence and risk factors, aiding in public health preparedness against climate change-induced disease emergence. This work represents a significant step towards developing targeted forecasting tools for Orthohantavirus puumalaense outbreaks, offering valuable insights for epidemic control strategies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15457.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in eutopic endometrium tissue and risk of endometriosis: findings from the Investigating Mixtures of Pollutants and Endometriosis in Tissue (IMPLANT) Study.","authors":"Joanna M Marroquin,Jenna R Krall,Karen Schliep,Leslie V Farland,Vimalkumar Krishnamoorthi,Kurunthachalam Kannan,Anna Z Pollack","doi":"10.1289/ehp15852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15852","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure is widespread and has been linked with gynecologic disease. To our knowledge, no study has measured PFAS in endometrial tissue.METHODSEutopic endometrial tissue specimens (n=434) were collected from Investigating Mixtures of Pollutants and Endometriosis in Tissue (IMPLANT) Study participants undergoing laparoscopy or laparotomy for any indication (2007-2009). Nine PFAS were measured by HPLC-tandem MS (perfluorodecanoic acid [PFDA], perfluorohexane sulfonic acid [PFHxS], perfluorononanoic acid [PFNA], perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA], perfluorooctane sulfonic acid [PFOS], perfluorododecanoic acid [PFDoDA], perfluoroheptanoic acid [PFHpA], perfluorooctanesulfonamide [PFOSA], and perfluoroundecanoic acid [PFUnDA]. Surgeons diagnosed endometriosis by gold-standard visualization and evaluated the endometriosis staging as moderate and severe (stage 3-4) compared to minimal and mild (stage 1-2), using American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) classification. We used modified Poisson regression models adjusted for age (continuous), race (white, all other race/ethnicities), smoking status (serum cotinine > ng/mL), study site (Utah, California), and body mass index (continuous) to obtain relative risks (RR) of endometriosis diagnosis and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each PFAS. PFAS mixtures were evaluated using Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression.RESULTSParticipants were, on average, 33 ± 7 years old, and 75% of participants were non-Hispanic white. Of the 181 participants with an incident endometriosis diagnosis, 73% had ASRM stage 1-2, while 27% had stage 3-4. Median (IQR) eutopic endometrium tissue levels, in ng/g, were 6.58 (6.44) for PFOS, 1.93 (1.71) for PFOA, 0.65 (0.75) for PFHxS, 0.58 (0.52) for PFNA, 0.12 (0.18) for PFOSA. PFAS in the endometrial tissue was not associated with endometriosis. However, select PFAS in the eutopic tissue were associated with a risk of more advanced (stage 3 or 4 vs. 1 or 2) endometriosis [(PFOSA RR=1.25 (95% CI: 1.10-1.43), PFHxS RR=1.37 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.68), PFOS RR=1.36 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.81)].CONCLUSIONPFAS were widely detected in eutopic endometrial tissue. There was no evidence that PFAS in endometrial tissue were associated with a higher risk of endometriosis diagnosis. However, PFOS, PFOSA and PFHxS in the endometrial tissue were associated with risk of more severe stage of endometriosis. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15852.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between maternal urinary metabolite concentrations of selected volatile organic compounds and child neurocognitive development at two years of age.","authors":"Xi Qian,Yanjian Wan,Juxiao Li,Gaga Mahai,Aizhen Wang,Yan Wang,Jiaolong Ma,Yuanyuan Li,Shunqing Xu,Wei Xia","doi":"10.1289/ehp15539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15539","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDNeurotoxicity of exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been documented in animal studies, but related epidemiological investigations are very limited; particularly, those based on biomonitoring data are not available yet.OBJECTIVESThis study aimed to evaluate the trimester-specific association between maternal urinary concentrations of multiple VOC metabolites (mVOCs) and child neurodevelopment.METHODSTwenty mVOCs were measured in urine samples repeatedly collected at the first, second, and third trimesters from 1,023 pregnant women in Wuhan, China. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Chinese Revision) was used to assess children's neurocognitive development at two years old. General linear models and generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the associations of individual urinary mVOC concentrations with children's neurodevelopment. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to evaluate the effect of the mVOC mixture on children's neurodevelopment.RESULTSRisk assessment showed that the average hazard quotients of cyanide, 1,3-butadiene, and acrolein during pregnancy exceeded the recommended safety thresholds in more than 90% women. Higher urinary concentration of 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA, metabolite of cyanide) was associated with lower child mental development index (MDI) score, and the association was significant at the first trimester among males. Each interquartile ratio-fold increase in the urinary concentration of ATCA at the first trimester was associated with a decrease of 4.25 points (95% confidence interval: -6.57, -1.94) in males' MDI score. Additionally, WQS regression and BKMR analyses suggested that the mVOC mixture was significantly associated with lower MDI in males, and the association was mainly driven by ATCA.CONCLUSIONSExposure to cyanide at environmentally relevant doses may impact neurodevelopment, particularly among males. Early pregnancy appeared to be the sensitive window of the exposure. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings. Corresponding measures need to be taken to reduce gestational exposure to cyanide. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15539.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect modification by socioeconomic status on the associations between early placental protein damage and exposure to ambient air PM2.5 chemical components.","authors":"Junnan Yang,Xuesong Li,Mengyu Chu,Mengyuan Wang,Yan Huo,Bin Han,Zhipeng Bai,Jianmei Wang,Yujuan Zhang","doi":"10.1289/ehp15170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15170","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDAmbient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is associated with systemic protein damage in pregnant women. However, its effect on protein damage in human placentas is unclear.OBJECTIVESWe estimated the associations of PM2.5 and chemical component exposures with advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in placental villi tissues before 13 weeks of gestation.METHODSWe enrolled 165 women with unintended normal early pregnancy (NEP) who requested induced abortion during the first trimester and 165 women with early pregnancy loss (EPL) who also requested induced abortion (2017-2022). Maternal daily PM2.5, black carbon (BC), organic matter (OM), sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium exposures from the 12th week before ovulation to villi collection were estimated using data accessed from the Tracking Air Pollution in China platform. Associations of pollutant exposures during the 30 days before villi collection, during the post-conception period (from ovulation to villi collection), and during the periovulatory period (from the 12th week before to 3rd week after ovulation) with villi AOPP were estimated and compared between the NEP and EPL groups. Additionally, effect modifications by socioeconomic status expressed in family monthly income per capita were estimated using stratified distributed lag non-linear models.RESULTSThirty-day cumulative and average post-conception exposures to higher concentrations of PM2.5, BC, and OM were associated with higher villi AOPP in all subjects and both groups. Thirty-day cumulative effects of per interquartile range increase in the residuals of BC and OM were robust in EPL (βs [95% CI] of villi AOPP were 111.22% [17.96%, 278.24%] and 93.87% [20.63%, 211.56%]), but were not robust in NEP. The associations of per interquartile range increase in the concentrations of BC and OM at some lag days with higher villi AOPP were stronger in low-income stratification (with the ranges of βs of villi AOPP were 10.51-11.99% and 8.08-12.50%) than those in medium-income stratification (3.19-3.80% and 1.95-3.73%) and high-income stratification (2.57-2.78% and 2.51-2.72%). Periovulatory OM exposure was positively associated with villi AOPP in EPL but not in NEP, and the susceptible periods to PM2.5 and other four components were 1-4 weeks earlier in EPL than in NEP.DISCUSSIONMaternal PM2.5, BC, and OM exposures were positively associated with oxidative protein damage in early placenta. The associations were stronger in women with EPL or low-income. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15170.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative study of the ethics of community scientists' role in environmental health research from the perspective of community scientists and institutional review board staff.","authors":"Sherry Baron,Isabel Cuervo,Ilene Wilets,Josy Cruz,Ana Gonzalez,Deysi Flores,Homero Harari","doi":"10.1289/ehp15824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15824","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDCommunity engagement in research, including community scientists' (CSs) participation in environmental exposure assessments, promotes the bidirectional flow of information between communities and researchers and improves the development of interventions to reduce environmental health inequities. Nonetheless, Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) with limited experience with CS research tend to struggle when reviewing protocols given CS participants' dual role as research participants and co-creators of data.METHODSWe collected focus group data from 35 Latina housecleaners eliciting their bioethical reflections on their experience as CSs before and after participation in the collection of data about their exposures to chemical compounds in cleaning products. We shared findings from CS participants and collected impressions and challenges from IRB staff from five New York City (NYC) biomedical research institutions. We used a modified approach to conventional content analysis to guide data analysis and combined deductive and inductive approaches to generate codes.RESULTSThe CS participants emphasized their shared responsibility in the research process and bidirectional learning with the research team, which they saw as educating and empowering themselves and their broader community to create safer cleaning practices to improve the community's health and well-being. CS participants embraced the importance of sound science by their recognition that their community relied on the quality and accuracy of their work as CSs. Perspectives from IRB staff similarly recognized the value of participant engagement but emphasized the importance of disentangling CS activities as research participants from activities as research team members to better determine the appropriate mechanisms and authorities for assuring ethical protections.DISCUSSIONFindings suggest that existing bioethical principles of beneficence, respect for persons, and justice, when interpreted by participants as inclusive of protections and benefits for both the CSs and their community's collective good, reflect the bioethical values of our CS participants. However, better guidance and training is needed for researchers, IRBs and community collaborators to apply these values and respect and protect the full range of roles for community members participating in research. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15824.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between multiple environmental exposures and symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder in a prospective, U.S.-based cohort study.","authors":"Unnati V Mehta,Greta E Wilt,Charlotte Roscoe,O I Okereke,B A Coull,Peter James,Francine Laden,Hari S Iyer,Jeff D Yanosky,Joel Kaufman,Melissa R Fiffer,Nicole V DeVille,Isabel Holland,Jaime E Hart","doi":"10.1289/ehp14458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp14458","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDEmerging evidence has implicated built and natural environmental exposures in the etiology and exacerbation of anxiety symptoms.OBJECTIVESOur objective was to assess individual and joint associations between neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES), walkability, greenness, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and temperature and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms.METHODSWe included 81,897 participants of the Nurses' Health Study II. GAD symptoms were measured in 2013 and 2017 using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). Walkability and nSES z-scores were calculated at the Census tract level. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) summer and annual average greenness at 270m and 1230m buffer sizes, and spatiotemporal models predicted one-, three-, and twelve-month averages of PM2.5, NO2, and temperature were calculated at the residence. Longitudinal logistic and generalized estimating equations (GEE) models estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for clinically relevant GAD symptoms (GAD-7 ≥ 5 points). We assessed effect modification by nSES, summer NDVI (1230m), and select covariates. We employed quantile g-computation to more directly assess the association between environmental exposure mixtures and GAD symptoms.RESULTSIn single exposure models, summer NDVI (e.g., for 1230m, OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94, 0.98), NO2 (e.g., for twelve-month average NO2, OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.04), twelve-month average temperature (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.07, and walkability (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.03) were associated with GAD symptoms. In the joint exposure model, nSES (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.95, 0.98) and summer NDVI were associated (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88, 0.96); all other associations were attenuated. Associations with summer NDVI (1230m), temperature, and NO2 were modified by nSES, with stronger associations in socioeconomically deprived areas.DISCUSSIONIn this population, higher levels of summer greenness and nSES may be protectively associated with GAD symptoms, while medium- and long-term NO2 exposure, long-term temperature, and walkability are adversely associated with GAD symptoms. Socioeconomically deprived areas may bear additional risks. The results of the quantile g-computation analysis suggest that environmental exposures may act antagonistically with one another in relation to GAD symptoms. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14458.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}