Energy Storage最新文献

{"title":"Parametric Based Techno-Economic Evaluation for a Solar Thermal-PV Integrated Multi-Commodity Storage Facility","authors":"Malik Shahzaib,&nbsp;Abdul Moeez,&nbsp;Abdul Ghafoor Memon,&nbsp;Laveet Kumar","doi":"10.1002/est2.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Postharvest losses and spoilage of agricultural products are a major problem for tropical countries, and it is even more challenging for countries encountering fluctuating power shortages, such as Pakistan. Therefore, this study focused on the energy and economic analysis of cold storage to store three products (potatoes, pomegranates, and potatoes) according to the season and storage span throughout the year. The cooling load of the cold store was supported by a LiBr-H₂O vapor absorption and vapor compression refrigeration system to maintain the desired temperature for each product during cold storage. A solar thermal PV system is installed to operate cold storage refrigeration systems. Cold storage performance was analyzed by developing thermal models of integrated systems using the ambient conditions of Lahore, Pakistan. A parametric study was also conducted to analyze the impact of various working parameters on integrated system performance, and it was found that the maximum peak cooling load of 91 kW inside cold storage is attributed to pomegranates owing to high ambient conditions during its loading month. The product loading rate significantly affects the cooling load of cold storage and varies directly with it, as observed for an increase in the product loading rate from 0 to 50 000 kg/day cooling load also increases from 34 to 87 kW. To meet the thermal demand of the generator of the vapor absorption system, parabolic troughs were installed to operate cold storage, and it was found that a minimum of four PTC were needed to support the peak cooling load at the maximum product loading rate and minimum DNI value. To meet the electrical demand of cold storage electrical equipment and the compressor of the vapor compression system, solar photovoltaic panels were installed, and it was found that a minimum of 618 panels was required at a minimum tilted radiation value. To validate the viability of proposed design system economic analysis was also conducted which revealed a payback period of 12 years for Kinnow and potatoes and 16 years for pomegranates.</p>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/est2.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Wastewater Heat Recovery Using Phase Change Material Heat Exchangers: A Numerical Study of Thermal Performance","authors":"Sunny P. Patel,&nbsp;Manish K. Rathod","doi":"10.1002/est2.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Industrial processes often generate substantial amounts of wastewater with significant thermal energy content, which is typically discarded as waste. A promising approach to increase energy efficiency and advance sustainable resource management is waste water heat recovery. Utilizing a phase change material (PCM) to extract waste heat from wastewater and transfer it to cold water is an innovative method that separates the demand and supply of heat, while also integrating storage and transmission within a single heat exchanger (HE). A 3D numerical model of PCM-based HE is developed and simulated. The thermal behavior of PCM and preheating of cold water are investigated in this study. In order to increase the thermal conductivity of the PCM, fins are strategically positioned. Around 71.13% of melting time is reduced by adding fins. Further, the 10° orientation of the fins is also numerically observed and it is found that it helps to improve natural circulation of molten PCM. Thus, melting time is reduced by 34% compared to the vertical fin. A 3.5°C–4.5°C temperature rise in cold water is obtained with the inclined fin, which is 14.28% higher than the vertical fin model.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study of Asymmetric Hyperbolic Heat Storage Unit","authors":"Huanting Luo,&nbsp;Wenjing Du,&nbsp;Zhan Wang","doi":"10.1002/est2.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to the advantages of high energy density and constant temperature, phase change energy storage technology has attracted much attention in energy saving and efficient utilization of energy. In this paper, Fluent software is used to simulate and analyze the heat storage characteristics of six new thermal storage units: corrugated tube, hyperbolic-shape, non-hyperbolic-shape, symmetric frustum-shape, non-frustum-shape, and bow-shape. The results show that the melting rate of the non-hyperbolic-shape phase change unit is significantly higher than that of the circular tube, the heat storage time is shortened by 22.52%, and <i>Ra*</i> reaches 0.0086. Second, the effects of the radius difference (<i>δ</i>) between the inlet and outlet of the non-hyperbolic-shape phase change unit and the asymmetric position (<i>s</i>) on the heat storage process are studied. The results show that when <i>δ</i> increases from 2 to 10 mm, the melting time of phase change material (PCM) is shortened by 22.89%, that is, the average heat transfer rate between PCM and heat transfer fluid increases with the increase of <i>δ</i>. On the other hand, the average heat storage rate of the heat storage unit decreases first and then increases with the increase of <i>s</i>. When <i>δ</i> = 10 mm, <i>s</i> = 35 mm is the best working condition, the average heat storage rate of the non-hyperbolic-shape thermal storage unit reaches 34.3 J/s. This study can provide new ideas and references for the optimization design of latent heat storage units and the progress of experiments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System for Optimized Energy Management: Leveraging Photovoltaic and Phase Change Material Thermal Storage","authors":"Muhammad Shehram,&nbsp;Muhammad Najwan Hamidi,&nbsp;Aeizaal Azman Abdul Wahab,&nbsp;Mohd Khairunaz Mat Desa","doi":"10.1002/est2.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reliable energy sources are crucial for both economic growth and quality of life. In developing countries, where expensive fuels are often the primary energy source, governments are exploring innovative solutions like small-scale, IoT-based projects to achieve energy independence in buildings. This research investigates the integration of renewable energy technologies, statistical modeling, cloud computing, and IoT to develop a self-managing energy system for buildings. The system prioritizes renewable sources, specifically monocrystalline solar cells with 20% efficiency for photovoltaic (PV) energy and flat plate collectors with 90% efficiency and minimal energy loss for thermal energy. Thermal energy is stored in paraffin wax, chosen for its high storage efficiency and thermal properties. The system also utilizes an absorption chiller with a high coefficient of performance (COP) to provide cooling using solar thermal energy. The building's energy loads are categorized as A, B, C, and D, each utilizing both PV and thermal energy. A SCADA system oversees the operation, monitoring the on–off status of these loads. The system is designed for continuous operation, with simulations conducted using Anaconda Jupyter Notebook and Python. This model aims to offer a sustainable and efficient energy solution for buildings, meeting energy demands while optimizing energy use.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ortho- and Para-Nitrile Substituted Effect of (1H-Indol-2-Yl)Benzonitrile-Boehmite on the Nano Structures, Surface Area and Hydrogen Storage","authors":"Ban D. Salih,&nbsp;Ammar S. Mohammed,&nbsp;Reem S. Najm,&nbsp;Ahmed R. Mahmood,&nbsp;Mustafa A. Alheety","doi":"10.1002/est2.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this work, x(1H-indol-2-yl)benzonitrile; where x = ortho or para were used to synthesize boehmite composites using one-pot electrochemical method in the presence of NaCl as an electrolyte. The prepared composites were characterized using UV–vis, XRD, SEM, and BET. The measurements showed that the type of substituents (ortho, para) had an effect on the resulting nanostructure of the composites, which appeared in the form of nanosheets and nanoballs. The composites were used as materials to store hydrogen at different temperatures (77, 173, 223, and 273 K) under different pressures (10–90 bar) in order to determine the equilibrium pressure for each nanocomposite. The study demonstrated that the composite boehmite-ortho-(1H-indol-2-yl)benzonitrile nano balls has a storage capacity of 3.82 wt% at an equilibrium pressure of 75 bar, while the composite boehmite-para-(1H-indol-2-yl)benzonitrile nanosheets have the highest storage capacity of 4.49 wt% and an equilibrium pressure of 45 bar.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Thermal Performance and Cooling Solutions of Phase Change Material in Battery Thermal Management System: A Computational Analysis","authors":"Gourav Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Jay R. Patel,&nbsp;Manish K. Rathod","doi":"10.1002/est2.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Batteries, particularly lithium-ion batteries, are sensitive to temperature changes. Battery thermal management systems (BTMS) are essential in various battery-powered applications, especially electric vehicles (EVs) and portable electronic devices. This study examines the importance of phase change material (PCM) in battery packs using numerical analysis. An examination is conducted on a battery pack consisting of 18 650 battery cells arranged in a 5 × 5 configuration. A comparative analysis is performed to evaluate the thermal efficiency of the battery pack with and without PCM. The study examines the influence of ambient conditions and charging rates on the selection of PCM for battery packs. A hybrid cooling solution utilizing PCM and a water tube has also been investigated against conventional passive PCM-based BTMS. Additionally, two types of fins, namely circular and spiral fins, are introduced to improve the heat transfer rate. PCM-based cooling systems are most effective when the ambient temperature is below the melting temperature of the PCM. However, when the ambient temperature exceeds the melting temperature of the PCM, this cooling system outperforms conventional PCM-based cooling. The maximum temperature is found as 319, 316.9, and 315.3 K using without fin, circular fin and spriral fina, respectively. The spiral fins are found more effective than circular fins under high ambient temperature. In conclusion, The PCM-with spiral-fin system demonstrates notable benefits in high-temperature environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drive Cycle-Based Estimation of Energy Consumption for Electric Two-Wheeler","authors":"Bhaskar Pandey,&nbsp;Devendra Vashist","doi":"10.1002/est2.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The transportation sector is the backbone of the economic growth of any country. However, the heavy dependence of this sector on petroleum fuel is a matter of concern for sustainable development. To address this issue countries are working toward green energy-based transportation, and among all viable solutions electric vehicles (EVs) are emerging as front runners. Range anxiety is one of the most prominent concerns in EV adoption. The range of a vehicle depends on the energy consumption so it becomes crucial to estimate it very precisely. There are many standard drive cycles such as the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and Worldwide harmonized Light-duty Vehicle Test Cycles (WLTC) which are used for the estimation of energy consumption. However, these standard cycles fail to capture the driving behavior of real traffic. Due to this reason, these standard cycles underestimate the energy consumption compared with actual consumption. For more realistic energy requirement estimations, researchers are focusing on the development of real-world drive cycles specific to a particular geography. In this paper, a real-world drive cycle of electric two-wheeler has been developed for the city of Lucknow, India, and compared with the driving characteristics and energy consumption estimates of WLTC. The energy requirement per km for the Lucknow drive cycle and WLTC are found as 14.89 Wh/km and 11.95 Wh/km, respectively, which indicates per km energy required estimation for LDC is 24.60% higher than WLTC.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermally integrated pumped thermal energy storage systems based on organic Rankine cycle: Comparative investigation and multi-objective multiverse optimization","authors":"Fateme Norooziyan,&nbsp;Arshiya Noorpoor,&nbsp;Fateme Ahmadi Boyaghchi","doi":"10.1002/est2.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work introduces two new thermally integrated pumped thermal energy storage (TIPTES) systems, including thermally integrated vapor compression heat pump (TIHP) as a charging cycle and dual-pressure organic Rankine cycle (DPORC) and dual-loop organic Rankine cycle (DLORC) as discharging cycles to investigate their capability of improving roundtrip efficiency compared with the basic ORC (BORC). The thermodynamic and economic performance of the proposed TIHP-DPORC and TIHP-DLORC are analyzed and compared with TIHP-BORC using various working fluids. The multi-objective multiverse optimization algorithm is conducted to ascertain the systems' optimum roundtrip efficiency and cost rate. Results indicate that at the same storage temperature, the TIHP-DLORC gives the highest roundtrip and exergy efficiencies of 219.9% and 43.53% with R1233zd(E), indicating 6.69% and 8.04% improvements compared with the optimum TIHP-BORC. Moreover, it shows the lowest levelized cost of storage (LCOS) and payback period (PP) of 0.160 $/kWh and 4.5 years, respectively, with a maximum net present value of 1.973 M$. Although the cost rate of TIHP-DLORC is high, its excellent thermodynamic and economic performance compared with the existing TIPTES systems in the literature indicates that DLORC is a more appropriate candidate to be applied in the TIPTES systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mg-Ion Conducting Gel Polymer Electrolyte Based on High Flash Point Solvent Adiponitrile for Magnesium Ion Batteries","authors":"Pratibha Kumari,&nbsp;Neetu Yadav,&nbsp;S. A. Hashmi","doi":"10.1002/est2.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to some specific properties of adiponitrile (ADN) including high oxidative stability and high flash point, it is proposed as co-solvent with an ionic liquid (IL) as a promising electrolyte solvent for application in magnesium batteries. Herein, we report a flexible film of gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) comprising a polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-<i>co</i>-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) in which a liquid electrolyte of Mg-trifluoromethane sulfonate (Mg-triflate) in the mixture of ADN:IL (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate, EMITf) is immobilized for use in Mg-batteries. The structural/morphological properties of the GPE film have been characterized via different physical techniques. The high ionic conductivity (<i>σ</i>_RT = 5.9 mS cm⁻¹), wide potential range of oxidative stability (~4.18 V vs. Mg/Mg²⁺), high Mg-ion transport number (<i>t</i>_Mg²⁺ = 0.67) and thermal stability up to ~160°C ascertain the compatibility of electrolyte film in magnesium batteries with high voltage cathode materials. The comparative studies of the interfacial-stability and Mg-stripping/plating tests on the two symmetrical cells with Mg and Mg/MWCNTs nanocomposite electrodes show the improved reversibility of the electrolyte film with Mg-MWCNTs powder as anode material, compared with pure Mg-powder. The overall results indicate that the GPE based on binary solvent mixture ADN:IL is high performance flexible electrolyte for Mg-batteries with Mg-MWCNTs powder as anode material.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compressor-Driven Titanium and Magnesium Hydride Systems for Thermal Energy Storage: Thermodynamic Assessment","authors":"Uday Raj Singh,&nbsp;Satya Sekhar Bhogilla,&nbsp;Wang Jiawei,&nbsp;Hosokai Sou,&nbsp;Saita Itoko","doi":"10.1002/est2.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metal hydrides enable excellent thermal energy storage due to their high energy density, extended storage capability, and cost-effective operation. A metal hydride-driven storage system couples two reactors that assist in thermochemical storage using cyclic operation. Metal hydride reactors, operating at both low and high temperatures, serve for the storage of hydrogen and thermal energy, respectively. The integration of efficient thermal energy storage technology is known to enhance the efficiency of solar thermal systems. In this regard, during the peak hours of solar energy, the high-temperature supply heat can be utilized to store hydrogen gas in the low-temperature reactor, which simultaneously facilitates energy storage in the high-temperature reactor. Moreover, the temperature and energy released from the reactors are highly dependent on the pressure of the gas. As a result, installing a compressor between the low and high-temperature metal hydride reactors can help generate additional outputs, such as a cooling effect. This paper conducts a thermodynamic analysis to assess the system's performance, considering parameters such as thermal storage efficiency, coefficient of performance (COP), and COP_CCH (combined cooling and heating based COP). Moreover, the performance analysis was carried out for two cases, that is, high-temperature titanium hydride (TiH₂) and magnesium hydride (MgH₂). The results show that MgH₂ and TiH₂ achieve a maximum COP_CCH of 1.08 and 0.9, respectively, and system storage efficiency of 76.15% and 74.34%, respectively. In spite of having lower efficiency than MgH₂, the TiH₂-based system has the ability to recover heat at a very high temperature.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}