Energy Storage最新文献

{"title":"Laser Surface Structuring of Polyelectrolyte Complex Cathodes for Zinc-Ion Batteries","authors":"Pisut Wijitsettakun,&nbsp;Natthakan Rattanaphong,&nbsp;Medhavi Hansana Karunarathna Warusapperuma Dona,&nbsp;Stephan Thierry Dubas","doi":"10.1002/est2.70387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70387","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are attractive post-lithium energy storage systems; however, their performance is often limited by slow cathode kinetics and inefficient Zn²⁺ transport at the electrode-electrolyte interface. Herein, we report a continuous-wave laser surface modification strategy for precisely tailoring the surface architecture of composite polyelectrolyte complex (CPEC) cathodes composed of MnO₂ and carbon black. Leveraging the digitally controlled and highly tunable nature of laser processing, surface modification was optimized through laser power and scanning parameters, allowing for uniform surface structuring without altering the bulk composition. Laser treatment under a wet environment produced controlled surface roughening with negligible mass loss (&lt; 3%), thereby preserving the dense, ion-conducting CPEC framework. Surface analyses revealed enhanced exposure of electrochemically active MnO₂ domains and a 50%–54% reduction in water contact angle, indicating improved interfacial wettability. Electrochemical testing demonstrated 67% and 58% increases in current and power densities for stoichiometric (1:1) CPEC, while non-stoichiometric CPEC (1:2) showed the highest laser-induced enhancement (40%–50%), with nearly unchanged specific capacity at 1 mA cm⁻². These results establish laser surface engineering as a simple, controllable, and chemistry-neutral approach for optimizing polymer-based cathodes in AZIBs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nickel Modified Cobalt Molybdate Nanocomposites for High-Performance Supercapattery","authors":"Sivagaami Sundari Gunasekaran,&nbsp;Jun Yeop Lee,&nbsp;Balaji Ramachandran,&nbsp;Chang Woo Lee","doi":"10.1002/est2.70381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70381","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The urgent issue in achieving net-zero emission and advancing clean energy storage devices is to integrate the high-performance transition metal oxides through structural design, due to their excellent electrochemical properties. In this study, a ternary metal molybdate material using material engineering strategies via integrating the high conductive nickel-ions with 3D cobalt molybdate (CM) nanostructures was fabricated to form NiCoMoO₄ (NCM) nanocomposite as the high-performance super-capattery/capacitor electrode materials. The mixed-oxidation states of Ni, Co, and Mo in NCM help the electrode surface to have more active sites and hence, the electrode-electrolyte diffusion pathway is enhanced, making the overall high efficiency of the device. The NCM electrodes (0.5%) exhibit a superior energy storage performance of ~714 F/g (~89.25 mAh/g) at 1 A/g and the NCM||AC ASB device delivered a Csp of ~190 F/g (~76.52 mAh/g), with an energy and power density of ~200 and ~20 880 W/kg at 1 and 10 A/g, respectively. After 25 000 cycles, the device retains ~99% of its capacitance. The remarkable electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergistic effect between CM and highly-conducting Ni-ions. These results have addressed an effective strategy for designing ternary metal molybdate electrodes and highlighted the potential of molybdates as high-performance and durable electrodes for super-capattery/capacitor, which can promote sustainable solutions for the future green energy storage.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TiO2 Content Effects on Magnetism and Photoresponse in Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/PEG/TiO2 Nanocomposite DSSC Photoelectrodes","authors":"Nur Aulia Adzra Rizky,&nbsp;Nadiya Miftachul Chusna,&nbsp;Ahmad Taufiq,&nbsp;Edi Suharyadi,&nbsp;Malik Anjleh Baqiya,&nbsp;Sunaryono Sunaryono","doi":"10.1002/est2.70390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70390","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Fabrication of thin films based on Mn&lt;sub&gt;0.25&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2.75&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/PEG/TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanocomposite photoelectrodes was successfully achieved using the doctor blade method. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; composition on the magnetic properties and photoresponse of thin films utilizing Mn&lt;sub&gt;0.25&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2.75&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/PEG/TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanocomposite photoelectrodes. The crystal structure, functional groups, morphology, and magnetic properties of the Mn&lt;sub&gt;0.25&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2.75&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/PEG/TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanocomposites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), respectively. Meanwhile, the optical properties and photoresponse of thin films based on Mn&lt;sub&gt;0.25&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2.75&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/PEG/TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanocomposite photoelectrodes were investigated using a UV–Vis spectrometer and a photoresponse instrument, respectively. The XRD characterization indicates that the sample consists of cubic spinel (Mn&lt;sub&gt;0.25&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2.75&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) and tetragonal spinel (TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) nanoparticles, with particle sizes of 7.54–10.21 nm and 10.79–14.47 nm, respectively. Based on characterization using TEM, the morphology of the Mn&lt;sub&gt;0.25&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2.75&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/PEG/TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanocomposite is spherical, with porous cavities, and the particle sizes range from 10.57 to 13.26 nm. Mn&lt;sub&gt;0.25&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2.75&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/PEG/TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanocomposites exhibit superparamagnetic properties, with a saturation magnetization value decreasing from 41.90 to 9.04 emu/g as the TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles increase. That magnetic behavior supports enhanced power conversion efficiency. This is due to the bound magnetic polarons that can absorb dye molecules in DSSC. This result is also consistent with the absorbance of the Mn&lt;sub&gt;0.25&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2.75&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/PEG/TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanocomposite, which decreases from 3.69 to 3.28 eV with increasing TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticle content. That shift in the band gap enhances photon absorption. The photo-response test results show that the light response time during rise time (&lt;i&gt;τ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;) is 1.53–0.45 s, and the light response time during decay time (&lt;i&gt;τ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;) is 1.01–0.26 s. Based on the result of this report, the faster photoresponse at &lt;i&gt;τ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.45 s and &lt;i&gt;τ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.26 s was observed with the higher TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; content in Mn&lt;sub&gt;0.25&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2.75&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/PEG/TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanocomposite. That means the relatively fast photo-response time indicates that the Mn&lt;sub&gt;0.25&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2.75&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/PEG/TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanocomposite has the potential to serve as a photoelectrodes material that can conduct electron ","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Simplified Analytical Modeling of One-Dimensional Solidification in Plane Couette Flow With Temperature-Dependent Viscosity","authors":"O. Ennaya,&nbsp;H. el Qarnia,&nbsp;M. Arıcı","doi":"10.1002/est2.70386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70386","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This work is conducted to study the solidification of a liquid undergoing a plane Couette flow between two flat and parallel plates with variable dynamic viscosity over temperature. The flow and thermal characteristics of the circulating liquid during the solidification phase change were predicted by solving analytically the non-dimensional governing conservation equations of continuity, momentum and energy. The obtained analytical solution expresses the transient dimensionless temperatures of the different phases (solid and liquid), the instantaneous dimensionless solid layer thickness, the dimensionless thickness of the solid layer at the steady state, and the standardized instantaneous power required to maintain the uniform motion of the moving wall. The main parameters affecting the thermal behavior of the problem are then investigated through a parametric study, which reveals that the dimensionless solid layer thickness increases with time and reaches its maximum at the steady-state regime. For fixed Brinkman number, Br, and dimensionless temperature, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;θ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {theta}_{mathrm{o}} $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, the higher the Biot number, Bi, the higher the dimensionless solid layer thickness. However, increasing the Brinkman, Br, number and dimensionless temperature, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;θ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {theta}_{mathrm{o}} $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, leads to a decrease in the dimensionless solid layer thickness. For 0 &lt; Br ≤ 10, the relative decrease in the solid layer thickness at the steady state for &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;θ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;1.1&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;1.3&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;and&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;1.5&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {theta}_{mathrm{o}}=1.1,1.3,mathrm{and} 1.5 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; is estimated at 75.53%, 74.92%, and 74.4%, respectively, for Bi = 5, 65.49%, 64.16%, and 62.93% for Bi = 20, and 62%, 60.67%, and 59.26% for the limit case, that is, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Bi&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;→&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;∞&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ mathrm{Bi}boldsymbol{t","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Single-Step Titanium Dioxide Nanofluid on Thermal and Rheological Behavior of Inorganic Phase Change Material (Sodium Acetate Tri-Hydrate) for Thermal Energy Storage","authors":"Manoj Kumar Yadav,&nbsp;Alpana Singh,&nbsp;Mahmood M. S. Abdullah,&nbsp;Harish Hirani,&nbsp;Tushar Sharma,&nbsp;Stefan Iglauer","doi":"10.1002/est2.70388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70388","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The high latent heat and temperature-regulating features of phase transition materials have received a large amount of attention in thermal energy storage (TES). But a lot of salt hydrate-based phase change materials (PCM), such as sodium acetate trihydrate (SAT), have built-in problems that impair their dependability and long-term performance. This work investigates the addition of single-step-synthesized titanium dioxide nanofluids to SAT matrix to improve its thermal properties and overcome these drawbacks. The use of a streamlined, single-step synthesis method to create well-dispersed TiO₂ nanofluids with regulated particle sizes (30, 50, and 70 nm) and introduce them into SAT at two concentrations to create six different n-PCM composites (TS1–TS6) is what makes this study novel. Significant improvements in thermal behavior were found through thorough characterization employing dynamic light scattering, field emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible, differential scanning calorimetry analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and rheological tests. A delayed dehydration onset (~120°C) decreased initial mass loss (~27%), and attenuated high-temperature deterioration (68%–48%) were all demonstrated by TS1, which synthesized TiO₂ at a lower concentration (size = 30 nm). A higher crystallization peak at 66.70°C was verified by DSC analysis as opposed to 62.72°C for pure SAT. Furthermore, because of its strong contact with PCM matrix and improved nanoparticle dispersion, TS1 showed superior stability and flow behavior. Using single-step TiO₂ production, our work closes the gap in PCM enhancement by offering a scalable and effective method for nanofluid integration. TS1 is a viable candidate for advanced TES methods since it provided the best balance of thermal improvement, material economy, and process simplicity among all formulations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covalent Organic Structures for Energy Storage and Catalysis: New Sustainable Developments and Progress","authors":"Suresh Sekar,&nbsp;V. Krithika,&nbsp;R. Ranjani,&nbsp;K. Chandrakala,&nbsp;Sakthivel Muthu,&nbsp;Eswaran Kamaraj,&nbsp;Mathiyazhagan Narayanan","doi":"10.1002/est2.70385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70385","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are porous substances that can be used successfully in advanced energy storage applications because of their excellent crystalline structure and high structural tunability. This work has demonstrated the current advancements in COF design, such as the selection of building blocks, linkage chemistry, and post-synthesis modifications that carefully control porosity, functionality, and electrical behavior. In this study, we examine how unique structural characteristics affect charge transfer and electrochemical characteristics. Particular emphasis is placed on materials based upon COFs used in lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, as well as supercapacitors, in which pore structure differentiation and redox-active sites enhance ion mobility and cycling stability. Hybrid systems such as COF/metal NPs and COF/carbon composites are investigated for their synergistic properties in terms of energy storage. We also present current scalability and stability problems, which allow us to identify potential paths for applications of COFs for the use of next-generation energy systems. Here, we discuss the feasibility of COFs as adaptable platforms for novel energy storage innovations in the development of the system by linking molecular level design to device-level efficiency and functionalities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximal Temperature Dependent Supercapacitor Charging of Regenerative Braking System Using FOPID-Based Optimization Algorithm","authors":"G. Tulasichandra Sekhar,&nbsp;Manmadha kumar Boddepalli,&nbsp;Andhavarapu Kanthi,&nbsp;L. V. Suresh Kumar","doi":"10.1002/est2.70377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70377","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electric vehicles can significantly improve their energy efficiency through regenerative braking, which recovers kinetic energy during braking for storage in batteries. Supercapacitors are particularly suitable for this purpose due to their high power density and long cycle life. However, to prevent thermal stress and degradation during rapid energy exchange in regenerative braking, the charging current must be carefully managed. The proposed method controls the highest charging current using the supercapacitor temperature as an input parameter. The Levy Enhanced Red Panda Optimization (LE-RPO) algorithm is employed to optimally tune the FOPID controller parameters and adjust the supercapacitor reference current. In order to improve the utilization of energy, this commit aims to analyze the supercapacitor's maximal charge capacity. The results were compared between a method with fixed peak current and ESR and one that was modified by temperature, peak current, and ESR. Modeling by varying the initial ambient temperatures was also examined. Lastly, the effect of the methods on the life span of the supercapacitor module is studied. According, the result shows that the proposed LE-RPO method outperforms the conventional models like GWO, SOA and RPO with an improved efficiency of 79.233%. It highlights the superior stability and control system performance of the proposed LE-RPO method. Likewise, the proposed LE-RPO algorithm achieves a settling time of 7.714 s, which demonstrates faster stabilization compared to other methods such as Fuzzy, PSO, RTO, LSTM-PSO, GA-PSO, and IGWO-CSO. Moreover, the stability performance of the proposed LE-RPO-based FOPID controller was evaluated under four conditions, such as no fault and SLG (single line to ground) faults on Lines 1–1, 1–3, and 1–5. The results show the settling time remains almost unchanged (7.7403–7.7543 s), indicating the system quickly reaches steady state with minimal disturbance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-Economic Analysis of Solar-Driven Heating for Industry Applications With and Without Thermal Storage in Diverse Climates","authors":"Naseer Ahmad Khan,&nbsp;Naveed Ahmed,&nbsp;Asif Hussain Khoja,&nbsp;Mengjie Song,&nbsp;Qazi Shahzad Ali,&nbsp;Mumtaz Ahmad Qaisrani","doi":"10.1002/est2.70375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70375","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effective energy management and environmental protection have become critical priorities for the industrial sector, particularly in energy-intensive processes such as crude oil refining. One such process involves maintaining the temperature of heavy oil products before dispatch from storage tanks, which requires substantial thermal energy. This study investigates the thermo-economic performance of a hybrid solar heating system utilizing parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) integrated with and without thermal energy storage (TES) across diverse climatic regions in Pakistan. The refinery process was modeled using ASPEN HYSYS, while the hybrid solar system was simulated in TRNSYS. Results indicate that the PTC area of 325 m² without TES delivers 269.3 GJ of energy to the steam, whereas incorporating a 1500 L TES tank requires a PTC area of 463 m², delivering 421.5 GJ to the steam. The annual solar fraction increases from 17.25% (without TES) to 27%, reducing the boiler's annual energy demand and yielding a payback period of 7.51 years. Furthermore, the proposed system can mitigate approximately 34.95 t of CO₂ emissions annually. The study reveals that local climatic conditions, such as ambient temperature and wind speed, significantly influence PTC performance. Among the five analyzed cities, Islamabad emerged as the most favorable location for system deployment, while Karachi's tropical desert climate was the least suitable. The proposed solar-driven hybrid configuration analysis presented in this study provides a possible solution for preserving the crude oil products' temperature before it is dispatched from the tank of storage in a refinery.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147564086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on PEG Plasticized PVC/Tapioca Starch Bio-Polymer Blend Based Magnesium Triflate Electrolytes for Magnesium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Subramaniyan Abirami,&nbsp;Palanisamy Vickraman,&nbsp;Thomai Arul Raja,&nbsp;Ravi Vinoth Kumar,&nbsp;Palanisamy Sangeetha,&nbsp;Subramaniyam Selva Sekara Pandian","doi":"10.1002/est2.70371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70371","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The magnesium triflate with PEG plasticized tapioca starch (TS) in different weight ratios with Poly vinyl chloride (PVC) blended membranes obtained via solution casting technique are studied with XRD, FTIR, TGADTA, Impedance, Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV), and Wagner's DC polarization technique (WDCPT). The XRD profile shows the crystalline as well as amorphous phase of the as-synthesized membranes, and FTIR studies reveal the strong molecular interactions in the fingerprint region. The thermal studies reveal the degradation of PVC and TS around 250°C–300°C. The impedance study presents a higher order of conductivity 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹ for PVC:TS 1:1 ratio (SA2), revealing higher mobility of Mg²⁺ ions and polarizability. The temperature-dependent conductivity studies demonstrated an increase in ionic conductivity reaching a maximum of 1.272 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ for 1:1 ratio (SA2). The dielectric studies reveal space-charge polarization effect at the electrode-electrolyte interface owing to the molecular domain concentration of the reacting groups prevalent both in PVC (Cl⁻) and the abundance of hydroxyl in TS. The WDCPT shows the ion transference number of 0.99%, and the LSV demonstrated the voltage window stability of 0–2.44 V for SA2. The primary battery fabrication using SA2 membrane by sandwiching it between Mg anode and (MnO₂ + graphite + SA2) cathode displayed the open circuit voltage of 1.88 V and after connecting to 470 kΩ load sustains discharge profile up to 96 h and elucidates that the adhered SA2 electrolyte cum separator may well be amenable for utility in real-time Mg ion primary battery applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Heat Dissipation in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Through Multi-Fan Configurations and Passive Rib Turbulators","authors":"Sudeep Singh Rawat,&nbsp;Yaman Yadav,&nbsp;Roushan Kumar","doi":"10.1002/est2.70376","DOIUrl":"10.1002/est2.70376","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Air cooling is extensively utilized in lithium-ion battery powered drivetrains, and this study examines the effects of air velocity and cooling fan arrangement. The pack behavior is tested under 1C, 1.5C, and 2C discharge rates with three different fan arrangements (Single IN, In-Out, Out-Out). In the Single IN arrangement, a single fan draws air in, whereas in the In-Out configuration, one fan pulls air in while another pushes it out, and in the Out-Out configuration, both fans expel air. Results indicated that increasing the air velocity from 0 to 4 m/s at 25°C significantly enhanced convective heat transfer and reduced local hotspots. At a 1C discharge rate and 4 m/s air velocity, the maximum temperature (<i>T</i>_max) was lowered by 17.35°C compared to natural convection. The In-Out fan configuration outperformed the Single IN and Out-Out configurations, achieving a 2.57°C reduction in <i>T</i>_max and a 2.25°C decrease in temperature difference (Δ<i>T</i>_max). The Out-Out configuration was less efficient due to airflow blockage by holders and connectors. A single rib turbulator positioned at a 45° angle relative to the lateral direction further reduced <i>T</i>_max by 6.27°C. The findings highlight the importance of airflow and fan setup in battery thermal performance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}