Energy StoragePub Date : 2025-07-22DOI: 10.1002/est2.70225
Sruthi Thulaseedharan Jayasree, Afsal S. Shajahan, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Brahmananda Chakraborty
{"title":"Unveiling Calcium-Decorated Psi-Graphene as a High-Capacity Hydrogen Storage Material: A First-Principles Investigation","authors":"Sruthi Thulaseedharan Jayasree, Afsal S. Shajahan, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Brahmananda Chakraborty","doi":"10.1002/est2.70225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70225","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Our work investigates the potential of Ca-decorated Psi-Graphene for efficient hydrogen storage using first-principles electronic structure calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The system exhibits an exceptional storage capacity of 13.44 wt% by adsorbing up to 82 H<sub>2</sub> molecules in a fully Ca loaded Psi-Graphene unit cell, significantly exceeding the Department of Energy (DOE) target. The last four hydrogen molecules of each single Ca atom have low binding energies under GGA approximation due to the only presence of Vander Waals interactions. The uniform binding energy of ~0.232 eV (under the GGA approximation) surpasses other Ca-decorated materials, attributed to H<sub>2</sub> polarization, hybridization of Ca 3d empty orbitals with H<sub>2</sub> σ orbitals, and the non-symmetric nature of Psi-Graphene. Additionally, strong Ca-substrate binding (~1.95 eV/atom) ensures system stability, as confirmed by density of states (DOS), projected density of states (PDOS), and Bader charge analysis. We have also performed Nudged Elastic Band (NEB) analysis to confirm that our system is not prone to metal clustering. The non-magnetic nature of isolated Ca and Psi-Graphene maintains a zero magnetic moment throughout the adsorption process. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations further validate the thermal stability of the system up to 500 K. Using Van't Hoff equation, the desorption temperature falls within the range of 334.16–364.79 K between 5 and 12 bar pressure. These findings establish that Ca-decorated Psi-Graphene is a highly promising candidate for hydrogen storage applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/est2.70225","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of the Fly Ash Nano Fluid in the Serpentine Channel on Cooling Efficiency Enhancement of EV Battery Thermal Management System","authors":"Sagar Wankhede, Kaustubh Shahane, Sarvesh Patil, Aditya Patil, Ankush Khandare, Jogi Patel","doi":"10.1002/est2.70232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70232","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lithium-ion batteries are the most environmentally friendly energy storage option for existing electric cars and are essential to their operation. Among their many uses are powering electrical gadgets like laptops and cell phones. However, controlling battery temperature is a major design difficulty, especially because charging and discharging operations generate a lot of heat. Li-ion cell performance can be hampered by inadequate heat transmission between densely packed cells, which can potentially result in safety risks like explosions. Temperatures over or below might affect the vehicle's battery life and range. Therefore, improving heat transport and cooling mechanisms throughout the electric vehicle's battery pack is the goal of this research. The current work focuses on the use of fly ash nanoparticles dispersed in water as a base fluid as coolant in indirect liquid cooling systems. An ANSYS FLUENT model has been developed for 52 NMC cylindrical cells with a 13s4p arrangement and a serpentine cooling channel between the cells. Simulation results show that the incorporation of fly ash Nano fluids decreases the peak temperatures of the battery and ensures uniform temperature distribution, thus optimizing LIB performance. This paper reveals that with the increase in fly ash in water from 0.01% to 0.5%, the heat removal rate has been enhanced by 1.6%. Also, with the increase in the velocity of fly ash-based Nano fluid, from 1 m/s to 5 m/s, heat removal has been increased by 84.14%. The results encourage the use of fly ash-based cooling systems for effective and environmentally friendly EV technology.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy StoragePub Date : 2025-07-22DOI: 10.1002/est2.70234
Utkarsh Srivastava, Rashmi Rekha Sahoo
{"title":"Thermal Analysis of Solidification in MWCNT and Hybrid Nanoparticle-Enhanced Eutectic PCMs Using T-History and DSC Methods","authors":"Utkarsh Srivastava, Rashmi Rekha Sahoo","doi":"10.1002/est2.70234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70234","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study systematically evaluates the thermophysical properties of Nano-Enhanced PCM (NEPCM) and Hybrid Nano-Enhanced PCM (HNEPCM) using both the T-history method and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Additionally, it examines and compares the Nusselt number and heat transfer coefficient in thermal energy storage (TES) systems incorporating NEPCM and HNEPCM. The findings reveal a strong correlation between latent heat, specific heat, and phase transition temperatures obtained from the T-history method and DSC analysis, confirming the accuracy and reliability of the custom T-history setup. The average heat capacity of NEPCM was 9.56% higher than that of HNEPCM. Thermal conductivity analysis reveals that NEPCM exhibits superior performance, with values of 0.2135 W/m K (solid) and 0.2018 W/m K (liquid), whereas HNEPCM records 0.197 and 0.1802 W/m K, respectively. Notably, 1% v/v MWCNT-based NEPCM enhances heat conduction efficiency by 8.37% compared to HNEPCM. The enthalpy of fusion for NEPCM was also 4.71% higher than that of 0.05% v/v CuO and 0.05% v/v Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> hybrid nanoparticle-based HNEPCM, which exhibited a 24.21% lower heat transfer coefficient than NEPCM. DSC analysis reveals that HNEPCM begins melting at 41°C–42°C, whereas NEPCM exhibits its lowest endothermic peak at 45°C, with complete melting occurring within the 42°C–43°C range. These findings highlight the enhanced thermal performance of MWCNT-based NEPCM over hybrid CuO–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> HNEPCM, offering valuable insights into optimizing phase change materials (PCM) for efficient TES applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Ice-Slurry Based Cold-Storage System for Farm Packhouses","authors":"Amarthya Eshwar Mulastam, Abhishek Gautam, Malhar Malushte, Vishal Singhal, Anish Modi, Shankar Krishnan","doi":"10.1002/est2.70228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70228","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An ice slurry-based cold storage unit is a promising option for the on-farm packhouses. However, it is associated with a few challenges, such as low energy efficiency and high maintenance costs. Given this, the present study explores the surface-scraped method for ice slurry generation and makes the system viable for on-farm cold storage applications. In the present work, experiments are carried out for scraper speed, propylene glycol (PG)-water solution flow rate, PG concentration in solution, and storage volume within the range of 15 to 40 RPM, 0.1–0.5 m<sup>3</sup>/h, 5%–15%, 8 and 12 L, respectively. Moreover, experiments are also performed outdoors powered by solar photovoltaic (PV) modules to compare the results with those from the indoor experiments. The identified optimal scraper speed and PG-water flow rate values are 35 RPM and 0.3 m<sup>3</sup>/h, respectively. The optimal balance between the PG concentration and storage volume is recommended to capture the maximum amount of thermal energy for a fixed charging period, which is crucial in solar PV-based systems due to limited daylight availability. These findings enhance the understanding of ice slurry generation under varying conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy StoragePub Date : 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1002/est2.70227
Omar Mohammed Hamdoon, Ziad M. Almakhyoul, Omar Rafae Alomar, Sara Q. Khalil
{"title":"Improvement of the Performance of Solar Underfloor Heating System Integrated With Phase Change Material","authors":"Omar Mohammed Hamdoon, Ziad M. Almakhyoul, Omar Rafae Alomar, Sara Q. Khalil","doi":"10.1002/est2.70227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70227","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This theoretical study presents a detailed analysis of a solar-assisted underfloor heating system integrated with a phase change material (PCM) model—Type 1991, applied to the internal wall of a residential building. The objective is to evaluate the thermal and energy performance improvements achieved through PCM integration as compared to traditional systems. To determine the most efficient setup, the simulations are performed using TRNSYS software under various system configurations by adjusting the solar collector area and storage tank volume. The proposed system consists of a flat-plate solar collector, a thermal storage tank, an auxiliary electric heater, and a multizone building fitted with underfloor heating pipes and PCM-treated walls. The PCM model accounts for temperature-dependent thermal properties including specific heat and thermal conductivity, allowing it to absorb and release latent heat and thereby regulate indoor thermal conditions. Simulations are done based on a 100 m<sup>2</sup> house in Mosul, Iraq using the data of December, January, and February, revealing that the optimal collector area is 24 m<sup>2</sup>, beyond which further increases provide only minimal energy savings. The addition of PCM leads to an increase in indoor air temperatures by 2°C–3°C and hence, improves thermal comfort during cold periods. The results displayed that there is a 30% average reduction in electrical energy consumption. The use of PCM on the floor leads to a reduction in the useful solar collector energy by 15%. The overall solar fraction is increased and thereby, reduces the dependency on external electricity sources. The findings demonstrated that the use of PCM enhances both energy efficiency and thermal comfort, making it a viable approach for sustainable heating in residential buildings.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy StoragePub Date : 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1002/est2.70226
Nabadeep Patra, Aditi Chatterjee, Kanungo Barada Mohanty, Stutee Patra
{"title":"Grid Unified Solar System With Composite Energy Storage for Green Computing Utilization","authors":"Nabadeep Patra, Aditi Chatterjee, Kanungo Barada Mohanty, Stutee Patra","doi":"10.1002/est2.70226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70226","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this research paper a solar PV system unified with the grid and integrated with composite energy storage is presented. Driving the data centre loads from power generated by renewables is one of the green computing practices which can effectively reduce carbon footprints. However, the grid unified solar PV-based power generator is susceptible to load voltage fluctuations and harmonic contamination in the injected grid current. Incorporation of composite energy storage with the power generator can alleviate the load voltage fluctuation due to changes in irradiance or during peaking loads. Combination of both battery and supercapacitor can provide adequate power and energy density to cater to this requirement. The focus of the research effort is to develop an effective power management strategy to regulate the power trade between the solar PV generator, energy storage devices, load, and the grid. The objective of the proposed strategy is to sustain fixed voltage across the data centre loads in case of changes in solar insolation level and also mitigate the injected grid current harmonics. The proposed model with the control scheme is validated by simulation as well as hardware-in-loop simulation results employing real-time digital simulator.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Porous Carbon Derived From Food Waste for Asymmetric Supercapacitor","authors":"Khang Huynh, Isamu Umeda, Bharath Maddipudi, Anuradha Shende, Sandeep Kumar, Rajesh Shende","doi":"10.1002/est2.70230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70230","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Globally, by 2030, it is estimated that about 2 billion tons of food waste will be generated. This will not only cause economic losses but will also lead to serious environmental issues such as the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), bad odor, and land pollution due to the decomposition of food waste in an open environment and landfills. It is imperative to develop novel solutions to reduce food waste and perhaps valorize it into a valuable product, thereby reducing its environmental and economic impacts. Food waste can be considered a renewable and sustainable feedstock that can be used for chemical and biological processing for its valorization. In this investigation, hydrochar is derived from the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of food waste and subjected to chemical activation with potassium hydroxide (KOH), followed by thermal treatment at 800°C to produce porous carbon (POC). As-prepared POC is thoroughly characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A specific capacitance of 112 F/g at 0.5 A/g current density is observed for POC in the three-cell standard electrochemical setup while asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) fabricated with POC and Cu-ferrite electrodes exhibited energy and power densities of 29 Wh/kg and 1.36 kW/kg, respectively. Preliminary cost analysis shows a significantly lower cost for the POC derived from food waste than for a few other biomass feedstocks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy StoragePub Date : 2025-07-16DOI: 10.1002/est2.70223
Ibrahim Zakariya'u, Sehrish Nasir, Neelam Rawat, Shubham Kathuria, Markus Diantor, I. M. Noor, Pramod Kumar Singh
{"title":"Ion Conduction Mechanism and Super Capacitor Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Incorporated With Ionic Liquid","authors":"Ibrahim Zakariya'u, Sehrish Nasir, Neelam Rawat, Shubham Kathuria, Markus Diantor, I. M. Noor, Pramod Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1002/est2.70223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70223","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the present work, highly conducting polymer electrolyte films are prepared by integrating Polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP) with sodium iodide (NaI) salt. To further improve performance, different concentrations of an ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate, were added to the optimized polymer matrix containing salt through the solution casting method. Experiments with complex impedance spectroscopy identified conductivity, and the electrochemical stability window was measured using linear sweep voltammetry. The number of charge carriers (<i>T</i><sub>ion</sub>) is studied using Wagner's DC polarization method. A notable increase in conductivity was recorded after the addition of the ionic liquid to the maximum conductive polymer-salt system. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy validated the composite structure and the complexation within the matrix. Additionally, polarized optical microscopy indicated a decrease in crystallinity and an increase in amorphous content because of interaction with both the salt and the ionic liquid. The resulting highly conductive polymer electrolyte, achieved by combining the salt and ionic liquid, and previously reported activated carbon-based electrodes are utilized to fabricate an electrical double-layer capacitor (EDLC). The EDLC cell is further studied using various electrochemical tools such as EIS, CV, and GCD.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of NiS and Biomass-Derived Carbon Spheres Composite for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes","authors":"Mahima Sheoran, Rohit Sharma, Sunil Ojha, Anit Dawar, Om Prakash Sinha","doi":"10.1002/est2.70224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70224","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The development of innovative and efficient energy storage technologies has become a critical concern in modern society due to the ongoing depletion of conventional power reserves and increasing environmental pollution. To address the rising current and future energy demands, it is imperative to implement a “Green” strategy that leverages the numerous accessible energy sources, minimizing environmental impact while deriving value from waste. Consequently, this study reports the synthesis of a nickel sulfide and onion peel-derived carbon sphere composite (NiS/OPCS) through an economical hydrothermal process. The synthesized composite has been optimized using various characterization techniques. Electrochemical performance was optimized through cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses. The NiS/OPCS composite demonstrated exceptional retention of 95.66% after 6000 cycles, with a significant specific capacitance value of 707 F/g at 1 A/g current density. Both capacitive-controlled and diffusion-controlled mechanisms were found to contribute significantly to charge storage. Therefore, NiS/OPCS is a promising candidate as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EIS Mimicking DC Measurement Technique: A Novel Path for Battery Aging Analysis","authors":"Sabri Hakan Sakallıoğlu, Koray Bahadır Dönmez, Burak Onur","doi":"10.1002/est2.70229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70229","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), an alternating current (AC) technique, is commonly employed to monitor the aging process of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, its use requires sophisticated electrochemical equipment, which not only complicates battery management systems (BMS) but also raises overall costs. Moreover, analyzing EIS data often requires expert-level interpretation. In this study, we investigated the applicability of various direct current (DC) methods for tracking the total internal resistance (T-IR) during the aging process. We evaluated the accuracy of their potential use in estimating the State of Health (SoH). The performance of these DC methods was compared with classical EIS techniques to identify the most reliable conditions for accurate SoH estimation. Among the techniques explored, one method involved applying a low current to the battery and determining T-IR based on the real-time voltage response, thereby mimicking the EIS approach. This method demonstrated the highest accuracy compared to classical EIS results. Additionally, we evaluated the impact of high-DC pulses on T-IR and analyzed its variation with the state of charge (SoC), comparing these findings with EIS-derived data. Our results indicate that low-DC techniques not only provide reliable T-IR measurements but also offer a cost-effective and simpler alternative for SoH monitoring in BMS and laboratory applications. The EIS-mimicking low-DC approach, in particular, shows promise as a versatile tool for determining the T-IR of electrochemical cells under various operational scenarios.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11765,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}