Epidemiology and Infection最新文献_第5页

Association between introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and burden of hospitalized adult pneumococcal disease in Taiwan - a retrospective database study. 台湾引进13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗与住院成人肺炎球菌疾病负担的关系——一项回顾性数据库研究。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-26 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101411

Chi-Chuan Wang, Ting-An Yen, Jhong-Lin Wu, Ling-Ya Huang, See-Hwee Yeo, Dony Patel, Cindy Lim, Hung-Wei Lin, Eriko Yamada, Isaya Sukarom

{"title":"Association between introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and burden of hospitalized adult pneumococcal disease in Taiwan - a retrospective database study.","authors":"Chi-Chuan Wang, Ting-An Yen, Jhong-Lin Wu, Ling-Ya Huang, See-Hwee Yeo, Dony Patel, Cindy Lim, Hung-Wei Lin, Eriko Yamada, Isaya Sukarom","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101411","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101411","url":null,"abstract":"This study estimated the incidence rate (IR), case fatality rate (CFR), healthcare resource utilization, and costs of pneumococcal disease before and after the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into Taiwan's childhood immunization programme (CIP) in 2015. Adults aged ≥18 years hospitalized with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and pneumonia from 2011 to 2019 were identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Baseline and trend of IRs were compared between pre-introduction (2011-2014) and post-introduction (2016-2019) of PCV13 using interrupted time series analyses and incidence rate ratio (IRR). Annual IRs for IPD and pneumonia ranged from 1.59 to 1.82 and 3.91 to 4.47 episodes per 100,000 person-years in the pre-PCV13 period, respectively. In the post-PCV13 period, they ranged from 1.23 to 1.37 and 3.20 to 3.95 episodes per 100,000 person-years, respectively. There was a significantly lower baseline IR in the post-PCV13 period for both IPD (IRR = 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.63, 0.93]) and pneumonia (IRR = 0.87; 95% CI: [0.77, 0.98]). However, a marginal increase in the trend of IR was observed during the post-PCV13 period for both IPD (IRR = 1.02; 95% CI: [1.00, 1.03]) and pneumonia (IRR = 1.02; 95% CI: [1.01, 1.03]). Estimated CFRs were lower in the post-PCV13 period for both diseases. The clinical burden remains substantial after the introduction of PCV13 into Taiwan's CIP.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13437988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148327764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The socio-economic shield limits Lassa virus spillover in urban West Africa. 社会经济屏障限制了拉沙病毒在西非城市的溢出。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101824

David Simons

{"title":"The socio-economic shield limits Lassa virus spillover in urban West Africa.","authors":"David Simons","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101824","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101824","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial risk models for Lassa fever (LF) generally predict the primary reservoir, Mastomys natalensis, is restricted to rural landscapes. This study integrates multispecies biotic interactions and anthropogenic land-use into a high-resolution framework to evaluate LF's urban potential. I implemented an integrated multispecies occupancy model to reconstruct the reservoir's realized niche, accounting for sampling bias and invasive rodent competitors. A socio-economic filter, proxied by night-time lights, was introduced to model the dampening effect of urban infrastructure on spillover. Annual infections were estimated using a demographic compartmental model incorporating empirical seroreversion rates. Results indicate high biological hazard across the peri-urban fringes of major West African cities. However, an infrastructure-driven socio-economic shield decouples this hazard from human incidence in dense urban cores. Accounting for spatial shielding and antibody waning yields an estimated 2.6 million annual Lassa virus infections. Comparing predictions to clinical data reveals substantial surveillance gaps, identifying highly suitable silent districts in Nigeria, Benin, and Togo with zero reported cases. LF possesses the biological potential to become a peri-urban disease; addressing these surveillance gaps at the peri-urban interface is a critical public health priority.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148307453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of climate variability and seasonal trends on malaria incidence in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania using generalized additive models. 气候变率和季节趋势对坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆疟疾发病率的影响

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-23 DOI: 10.1017/S095026882610185X

Iddi Mapande, January G Msemakweli, Katherine C Lan, Victor Okpanachi, Hussein Mohamed, Rajendra P Shrestha

{"title":"Influence of climate variability and seasonal trends on malaria incidence in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania using generalized additive models.","authors":"Iddi Mapande, January G Msemakweli, Katherine C Lan, Victor Okpanachi, Hussein Mohamed, Rajendra P Shrestha","doi":"10.1017/S095026882610185X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S095026882610185X","url":null,"abstract":"While malaria transmission in coastal East Africa is strongly shaped by climatic variability, few studies examine long-term interactions in rapidly urbanizing settings. This study evaluated the impact of climate and seasonal trends on malaria incidence in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (2014-2024). Monthly cases and meteorological data were analyzed using seasonal-trend decomposition (STL) and generalized additive models (GAMs) to quantify nonlinear and lagged climatic associations. Over the decade, malaria incidence declined sharply from >130 cases per 10,000 in 2014 to <30 by 2023. However, strong seasonal peaks persisted, with STL revealing consistent annual surges during April-June following the rainy season. GAM analysis identified rainfall as the dominant climatic driver, demonstrating significant 1- and 2-month lagged effects (p < 0.001). Daytime (1-month lag) and night-time (2-month lag) temperatures showed non-linear associations, peaking in incidence at optimal mosquito-development temperatures (~30-31°C). Despite substantial incidence declines, transmission remains highly climate-sensitive. Driven primarily by lagged rainfall and temperature effects rather than current-month conditions, these dynamics underscore the urgent need for climate-informed early warning systems and targeted seasonal interventions in coastal urban environments.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of topical or oral antibiotics in children with acute otitis media on their middle ear, nasopharyngeal, and gut microbiomes. 急性中耳炎患儿局部或口服抗生素对其中耳、鼻咽和肠道微生物群的影响

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-23 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101836

Juana Claus, Ross S McInnes, Saskia Hullegie, Roger A M J Damoiseaux, Anne G M Schilder, Janetta Top, Rob Schuurman, Mei Ling Chu, Debby Bogaert, Willem van Schaik, Roderick P Venekamp, Janneke H H M van de Wijgert

{"title":"The impact of topical or oral antibiotics in children with acute otitis media on their middle ear, nasopharyngeal, and gut microbiomes.","authors":"Juana Claus, Ross S McInnes, Saskia Hullegie, Roger A M J Damoiseaux, Anne G M Schilder, Janetta Top, Rob Schuurman, Mei Ling Chu, Debby Bogaert, Willem van Schaik, Roderick P Venekamp, Janneke H H M van de Wijgert","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101836","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101836","url":null,"abstract":"Acute otitis media (AOM) is a major driver of paediatric antibiotic prescriptions. We assessed the impact of oral and topical antibiotics on middle ear, nasopharyngeal, and gut microbiome compositions, and the gut resistome, in children with AOM and ear discharge (AOMd). Fifty-eight children with AOMd and ear pain and/or fever were randomized to oral amoxicillin suspension (n = 31) or hydrocortisone-bacitracin-colistin eardrops (n = 27) for 7 days. From 57 out of 58 children, baseline, and Week-2 middle ear fluid (MEF) and nasopharyngeal (NP) samples were sequenced, along with baseline, Week-2, and Month-3 faecal samples. At baseline, the top 5 MEF genera were Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Turicella, Staphylococcus and Alloiococcus and NP genera Moraxella, Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, and Dolosigranulum. At Week-2, the ear discharge had resolved in all but four children (oral n = 3, eardrops n = 1). In NP samples, the relative and absolute abundances of Streptococcus decreased to a greater extent after oral than eardrop treatment, but Moraxella and Haemophilus increased only following oral treatment. Neither treatment significantly altered the faecal microbiome or resistome at Week-2 and Month-3. Therefore, both treatments resolved the middle ear discharge in most children, but oral amoxicillin suspension may reduce NP Streptococcus more than hydrocortisone-bacitracin-colistin eardrops at the cost of potentially increasing other NP pathobionts.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New HIV diagnoses and risk factors for late HIV diagnosis, Finland, 2008-2023. 新的艾滋病毒诊断和晚期艾滋病毒诊断的危险因素，芬兰，2008-2023。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-23 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101757

Sanna Isosomppi, Inka Aho, Jukka Ollgren, Kirsi Liitsola, Mikaela Mutru, Pia Kivelä

{"title":"New HIV diagnoses and risk factors for late HIV diagnosis, Finland, 2008-2023.","authors":"Sanna Isosomppi, Inka Aho, Jukka Ollgren, Kirsi Liitsola, Mikaela Mutru, Pia Kivelä","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101757","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101757","url":null,"abstract":"Late HIV diagnosis increases morbidity and mortality. In this retrospective cohort study on the national HIV register, we analysed risk factors for late HIV diagnosis among newly registered people living with HIV (PLWH) between 2008 and 2023, using the updated definition. Of 2683 PLWH registered, 1813 (67.6%) were newly diagnosed with CD4+ T-cell count available ≤90 days for 1572 (86.7%). Eighty-seven of the 609 (14.3%) individuals with CD4+ T-cell count <350/μL had recent infections and were reclassified as non-late. Of the newly diagnosed, 50.3% were diagnosed late. Multivariable analysis identified higher age as an independent risk factor for late diagnosis (adjusted OR 1.42 per ten years, 95% CI 1.30-1.56). Of the Finnish-born, females had lower odds than males (aOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.39-0.88). Asian-born (aOR 6.83, 95% CI 3.49-13.35) and African-born females (aOR 3.26, 95% CI 1.58-6.73) had significantly higher odds than Finnish-born females. In urban municipalities, men who have sex with men had lower odds than individuals with heterosexual transmission (aOR 0.55, 95% CI 0.40-0.76). Higher age was the most important factor for increasing the proportion of late diagnoses. We recommend enhanced testing and risk awareness for older adults and migrants from high-prevalence countries.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"154 ","pages":"e81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mpox seroprevalence among sex workers and men who have sex with men preceding sustained urban outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. 刚果民主共和国持续城市暴发前性工作者和男男性行为者的Mpox血清患病率

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-23 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101861

Patrick K Mukadi, Sydney Merritt, Antoine Nkuba-Ndaye, Megan Halbrook, Yvon Anta, Tavia Bodisa Matamu, Emmanuel Hasivirwe Vakaniaki, Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka, Ryan J Harrigan, Lygie Lunyanga, Cris Kacita, Jean Paul Kompany, Sylvie Linsuke, Candice Lemaille, Marie Clotilde Inaka, Ahidjo Ayouba, Nicole A Hoff, Jason Kindrachuk, Lisa E Hensley, Martine Peeters, Placide Mbala-Kingebeni, Steve Ahuka-Mundeke, Anne W Rimoin

{"title":"Mpox seroprevalence among sex workers and men who have sex with men preceding sustained urban outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.","authors":"Patrick K Mukadi, Sydney Merritt, Antoine Nkuba-Ndaye, Megan Halbrook, Yvon Anta, Tavia Bodisa Matamu, Emmanuel Hasivirwe Vakaniaki, Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka, Ryan J Harrigan, Lygie Lunyanga, Cris Kacita, Jean Paul Kompany, Sylvie Linsuke, Candice Lemaille, Marie Clotilde Inaka, Ahidjo Ayouba, Nicole A Hoff, Jason Kindrachuk, Lisa E Hensley, Martine Peeters, Placide Mbala-Kingebeni, Steve Ahuka-Mundeke, Anne W Rimoin","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101861","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101861","url":null,"abstract":"Mpox has evolved into a global public health concern following rapid geographic expansion and altered clinical and epidemiological characteristics. The 2022 outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) marked the first widespread expansion to non-endemic regions, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), where Clade I MPXV is endemic, data on urban exposures are limited. We evaluated serologic evidence of exposure using a four-plex MPXV assay among 1,823 participants from two major DRC cities, Kinshasa and Goma, between April and June 2024. Of these participants, 523 (28.7%) self-identified as MSM, 498 (27.3%) as professional sex workers (SW), 107 (5.9%) as MSM and SW, and 695 (38.1%) as other at-risk individuals. Overall, 2.9% of participants were seroreactive. By subpopulation, 4.8%, 2.1%, and 1.7% of at-risk, MSM, and SW participants were seroreactive (p = 0.0086). Classification tree modelling identified age as the strongest predictor of reactivity, with higher MPXV seroreactivity in older participants. These data provide evidence of mpox seroreactivity prior to sustained human-to-human transmission in urban settings. Understanding exposure dynamics is critical for anticipating re-emergence of mpox in global cities where interpersonal networks may sustain transmission even in the absence of zoonotic spillover.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13459010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk-of-bias assessment of vaccine effectiveness studies: a scoping review of systematic reviews. 疫苗有效性研究的偏倚风险评估：系统评价的范围评价。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-19 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101794

Zahra Davoodi, Cassandra Laurie, Kylie Tingley, Becky Skidmore, Nicole Shaver, Maria E Sundaram, Deshayne B Fell, Melissa Brouwers, Giorgia Sulis

{"title":"Risk-of-bias assessment of vaccine effectiveness studies: a scoping review of systematic reviews.","authors":"Zahra Davoodi, Cassandra Laurie, Kylie Tingley, Becky Skidmore, Nicole Shaver, Maria E Sundaram, Deshayne B Fell, Melissa Brouwers, Giorgia Sulis","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101794","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101794","url":null,"abstract":"Observational vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies provide essential real-world evidence but are prone to bias. Valid synthesis relies on rigorous risk-of-bias (RoB) assessment in systematic reviews of VE studies. Following JBI guidance, we mapped and described RoB assessment methodologies in systematic reviews of VE studies. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science from 1 January 2013 to 17 May 2023 and the grey literature from 1 January 2018 to 15 August 2023. Of 367 identified reviews, 38 lacked any RoB assessment, yielding 203 systematic reviews. Of these, 190 used existing tools (NOS (85/190, 44.7%), ROBINS-I (46/190, 24.2%), and JBI (11/190, 5.8%)) and 13 used an author-developed tool (13/203, 6.4%). Tools were adapted in 16.7% (34/203) of reviews and 7.2% (14/203) used multiple tools. Reviews included 20 (±25.7) observational studies, commonly cohorts (175/203, 86.2%), with COVID-19 (66/203, 32.5%) and seasonal influenza (62/203, 30.5%) frequently studied. VE was reported descriptively in 25.1% (51/203) of reviews, while 74.9% (152/203) provided meta-analyzed estimates primarily based on laboratory-confirmed infection (137/203, 67.5%) and symptomatic disease (130/203, 64.0%). Our findings indicate heterogeneous RoB assessment, reflected by use of different/multiple tools, frequent adaptations, author-developed methods, and absence of RoB assessment, highlighting the need for clearer guidance or tailored tools.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What is the burden of respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks in care homes? An enhanced surveillance study in England, winter 2024/25. 护理院呼吸道合胞体病毒爆发的负担是什么？在英国进行的强化监测研究，2024/25冬季。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-15 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101770

Luke McGeoch, Kelly Stoker, Megan Rome, Catherine Carey, Andrew Rose, Gayle Dolan, Jackie Cassell, Conall Watson

{"title":"What is the burden of respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks in care homes? An enhanced surveillance study in England, winter 2024/25.","authors":"Luke McGeoch, Kelly Stoker, Megan Rome, Catherine Carey, Andrew Rose, Gayle Dolan, Jackie Cassell, Conall Watson","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101770","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101770","url":null,"abstract":"Care homes are vulnerable to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) outbreaks, with residents at risk of severe disease outcomes, though surveillance studies are lacking. In September 2024, RSV vaccination was introduced for adults in England aged 75-79 years, excluding most residents (median age 86 years). Between October 2024 and March 2025, we prospectively extracted information on RSV outbreaks in English care homes reported to UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA). Enhanced surveillance questionnaires (ESQs) were completed for a sample of outbreaks, including information on symptomatic residents, testing, and outcomes. Acute respiratory infection (ARI) cases were defined symptomatically, RSV cases based on test-positive RSV (≤5 residents tested per home), and RSV outbreaks as ARI outbreaks including ≥1 RSV case. We described outbreak trends, attack rates, hospitalizations, and deaths. Of 2419 ARI outbreaks in care homes, 222 (9%) were RSV outbreaks, with additional respiratory viruses identified in 69 (31%). Among 48 (22%) RSV outbreaks completing ESQs, the median ARI attack rate was 15% (IQR 10%-24%). Of 350 ARI cases, 32% (112) were confirmed RSV cases on routine testing, 20% (71) were hospitalized, and 6% (20) died. These findings demonstrate the vulnerability of care home residents to RSV infection, hospitalization, and death, which are potentially preventable through vaccination.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Results from an enhanced surveillance study of laboratory-confirmed acute Lyme disease cases in England between 1 April 2023 and 31 March 2024. 对2023年4月1日至2024年3月31日期间英国实验室确诊急性莱姆病病例的加强监测研究结果。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-15 DOI: 10.1017/S095026882610168X

Eva Emanuel, Charlotte Robin, Lisa Glaser, Zoë Gibney, Dimple Chudasama, Christina Petridou, Amanda Semper, Rachel Pudney

{"title":"Results from an enhanced surveillance study of laboratory-confirmed acute Lyme disease cases in England between 1 April 2023 and 31 March 2024.","authors":"Eva Emanuel, Charlotte Robin, Lisa Glaser, Zoë Gibney, Dimple Chudasama, Christina Petridou, Amanda Semper, Rachel Pudney","doi":"10.1017/S095026882610168X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S095026882610168X","url":null,"abstract":"In England, Lyme disease (LD) surveillance is based on laboratory-confirmed cases. However, clinical and epidemiological characteristics of these cases are limited; therefore, we conducted an enhanced surveillance study of acute LD in England. Enhanced data were collected through an online questionnaire sent to all laboratory-confirmed acute cases of LD resident in England, with specimen dates between 1 April 2023 and 31 March 2024. The analysis included data from 511/1086 cases. Respondents were representative of age, sex, and region of national LD trends. A total of 57.3% of the respondents reported that they did not realize that they had been bitten by a tick. Among those who remembered a tick bite, 66.1% reported bites close to their home and only 10.6% happened abroad, and 28.5% reported that the tick bite could have occurred in a garden. Most respondents were residents of areas of higher socioeconomic status. Erythema migrans was noted by 70.5% of the respondents. It is important to raise awareness among both patients and clinicians that ticks can be found in urban and suburban parks and gardens, as well as ensuring that wildlife initiatives to increase biodiversity include information on tick prevention and tick checks.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk factors and outcomes associated with difficult-to-treat resistance in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: A clinical and microbiological hospital-based cohort study. 嗜麦芽窄养单胞菌难治性耐药相关的危险因素和结果：一项临床和微生物学医院队列研究

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-11 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101708

Patricio Ross, Kasim Allel, Vicente Gándara, Gonzalo Peralta, Francisca Caro, Claudia Castillo, Javiera Jiménez, Jorge Miles, Rodolfo Amstein, Patricia García, Jaime Labarca

{"title":"Risk factors and outcomes associated with difficult-to-treat resistance in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: A clinical and microbiological hospital-based cohort study.","authors":"Patricio Ross, Kasim Allel, Vicente Gándara, Gonzalo Peralta, Francisca Caro, Claudia Castillo, Javiera Jiménez, Jorge Miles, Rodolfo Amstein, Patricia García, Jaime Labarca","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101708","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101708","url":null,"abstract":"We aimed to comprehensively assess Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections, examining their incidence and clinical and microbiological characteristics in a tertiary hospital between 2021 and 2023. Primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and desirability-of-outcome ranking (DOOR). S. maltophilia incidence rose from 0.38 in 2017 to 2.66 cases/1000 patient-days in 2023, correlated with carbapenem consumption (rho = 0.90, p = 0.04). The cohort included 101 patients (median age of 61 years, IQR 43-71); 63% were male patients, 91% admitted in ICU, predominantly with lower respiratory tract infections (75%). Difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR) was identified in 14% of the isolates and associated with previous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) use (aOR 23.15, 95% CI 3.67-145.77). Thirty-day mortality was 25% and associated with invasive mechanical ventilation (aOR 5.80, 95% CI 1.03-32.63), while appropriate definitive therapy was protective (aOR 0.01, 95% CI <0.01-0.16). Worse DOOR outcomes were associated with levofloxacin-resistant isolates (69.3%, CI 55.9%-80.9%) and inappropriate definitive treatment (81.1%, 95% CI 68.2%-90.8%). Overall, S. maltophilia has emerged as a relevant carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria, with a high frequency of DTR phenotypes associated with previous TMP-SMX exposure. Appropriate therapy and levofloxacin susceptibility were linked to better outcomes.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148216889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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