Epidemiology and Infection最新文献_第4页

Impact of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination on non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia: A regression discontinuity analysis. 23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗接种对非侵袭性肺炎球菌肺炎的影响：回归不连续分析。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101952

Femke S Vernooij, F Annabel Niessen, Anneke Steens, Mirjam Knol, Hester de Melker, Jan van de Kassteele, C H Henri Van Werkhoven

{"title":"Impact of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination on non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia: A regression discontinuity analysis.","authors":"Femke S Vernooij, F Annabel Niessen, Anneke Steens, Mirjam Knol, Hester de Melker, Jan van de Kassteele, C H Henri Van Werkhoven","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101952","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101952","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the vaccination programme with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) on non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia (NIPP) in adults above 60 years old during the first three post-implementation years. For this retrospective impact study with a regression discontinuity design, we included patients aged 56 to 85 years who presented with NIPP at the hospital between November 1, 2016 and September 30, 2023. NIPP was defined as a positive pneumococcal urinary antigen test without meeting criteria for invasive pneumococcal disease (blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid culture positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae). We estimated the overall impact and the impact stratified by time since eligibility for vaccination for each birth cohort. Data were obtained from 14 laboratories throughout the Netherlands, which were estimated to cover 34.9% of the Dutch population. We observed 3821 NIPP patients, of whom 634 were eligible for vaccination. The overall impact was 19.7% (95% confidence interval 8.5, 29.7). Impact estimates decreased over time since eligibility, although non-significantly with overlapping confidence intervals. These insights contribute to the existing body of evidence about PPV23 impact on NIPP, informing future vaccination policy.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148561172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A retrospective cohort data-linkage study of secondary healthcare use prior to late blood-borne virus diagnosis in Scotland - A missed opportunity for earlier diagnosis? 苏格兰晚期血源性病毒诊断前二级医疗使用的回顾性队列数据链接研究-错过了早期诊断的机会？

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101897

Maxim Wilkinson, Kirsten Trayner, Karen Maxwell, Beth Cullen, Beth Findlay, Amanda Weir, Robert Hillary, Kirsty Roy, Duncan McCormick, Alison Rodger, Claudia Estcourt, Sharon Hutchinson, Becky Metcalfe

{"title":"A retrospective cohort data-linkage study of secondary healthcare use prior to late blood-borne virus diagnosis in Scotland - A missed opportunity for earlier diagnosis?","authors":"Maxim Wilkinson, Kirsten Trayner, Karen Maxwell, Beth Cullen, Beth Findlay, Amanda Weir, Robert Hillary, Kirsty Roy, Duncan McCormick, Alison Rodger, Claudia Estcourt, Sharon Hutchinson, Becky Metcalfe","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101897","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101897","url":null,"abstract":"The World Health Organization (WHO) has set global goals to eliminate AIDS and viral hepatitis as public health threats. To better target testing, intelligence on missed opportunities for early diagnosis is needed. We determined hospital and emergency department (ED) attendance before late diagnosis of blood-borne viruses (BBVs) in Scotland 5 years to 2 months prior to diagnosis. Late diagnoses were defined as: CD4 count <350 cells/cmm within 90 days of HIV diagnosis; presentation/death from cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma within 1 year of hepatitis C (HCV)/hepatitis B (HBV) diagnosis. Associations were assessed using logistic regression. Among 543 people diagnosed with HIV 37% were late and 2% of people diagnosed with HCV (4,379) and HBV (1,608) were late. Among late diagnoses: 44.1% of HIV, 60.6% of HCV, and 50% of HBV cases previously attended ED and 27.0% of HIV, 46.5% of HCV, and >30% of HBV cases were previously admitted to hospital. The majority were admitted to hospital or attended ED multiple times. Among people newly diagnosed with HIV, those diagnosed late were more likely to have previously attended ED (aOR: 1.41, CI: 0.99-2.02). Further effort is warranted to address the frequent missed opportunities for earlier BBV diagnosis in secondary care.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13459007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148561132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author response to: Letter to the Editor on 'Adherence to oral zinc supplementation in the management of acute diarrhoeal disease among under-5 children: A systematic review and meta-analysis'. 作者回复：致编辑的关于“坚持口服补锌治疗5岁以下儿童急性腹泻病：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析”的信。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101459

Somen Kumar Pradhan, Ashutosh Panda, Sanghamitra Pati, Jaya Singh Kshatri

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine to prevent malaria and complication-related malaria during pregnancy compared to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. 与磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶相比，双氢青蒿素-哌喹预防妊娠期疟疾和并发症相关疟疾的疗效：系统评价、meta分析和meta回归

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101939

Artha Maressa Theodora Simanjuntak, Frengki Prabowo Saputro Wijayanto, Randika Taufiq Hari Nugraha, Firman Hanif Prathama, Roy Novri Ramadhan, Taufik Mulya Perdana, Jonathan Hasian Haposan, Annisa Dewi Nugrahani, Yovita Hartantri, Sidik Maulana

{"title":"Efficacy of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine to prevent malaria and complication-related malaria during pregnancy compared to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.","authors":"Artha Maressa Theodora Simanjuntak, Frengki Prabowo Saputro Wijayanto, Randika Taufiq Hari Nugraha, Firman Hanif Prathama, Roy Novri Ramadhan, Taufik Mulya Perdana, Jonathan Hasian Haposan, Annisa Dewi Nugrahani, Yovita Hartantri, Sidik Maulana","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101939","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101939","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of DHP as an alternative to SP for the prevention of malaria and malaria-related complications during pregnancy. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using pooled effect sizes extracted from published studies. Compared to SP, DHP significantly reduced maternal malaria infection by 78% (RR 0.22, 95% CI: 0.09-0.55), placental malaria infection by 73% (RR 0.27, 95% CI: 0.08-0.98), and maternal anaemia by 16% (RR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.79-0.89). Women randomized to the DHP arm had a 28% lower risk of foetal loss (RR 0.72, 95% CI: 0.40-1.31), a 4% lower risk of low birth weight (RR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.69-1.32), and a 17% lower risk of preterm births compared with those receiving SP (RR 0.83, 95% CI: 0.61-1.13), though the reduction was not statistically significant. Therefore, DHP appears to be more effective than SP as IPTp therapy for reducing maternal malaria infection, placental malaria infection, and maternal anaemia. However, this study does not significant advantage of DHP over SP in reducing adverse birth outcomes.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13459009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimating hepatitis A immunity and outbreak risk among MSM in New South Wales, Australia, 2017-2018. 估计2017-2018年澳大利亚新南威尔士州男男性行为者的甲型肝炎免疫和爆发风险

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101940

Neil Franklin, Kirsty Hope, Keira Glasgow, Kathryn Glass, Martyn Kirk

{"title":"Estimating hepatitis A immunity and outbreak risk among MSM in New South Wales, Australia, 2017-2018.","authors":"Neil Franklin, Kirsty Hope, Keira Glasgow, Kathryn Glass, Martyn Kirk","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101940","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101940","url":null,"abstract":"In 2017-2018, New South Wales (NSW), Australia, experienced a hepatitis A virus (HAV) outbreak predominantly affecting men who have sex with men (MSM). We aimed to estimate immunity and identify immunity gaps among MSM in NSW. We triangulated four data sources. We tested 409 residual sera collected from males undergoing syphilis testing between August and October 2017 for anti-HAV IgG. We surveyed all publicly funded sexual health clinics about HAV testing and vaccine provision for the preceding financial year. We conducted a convenience behavioural survey of 50 men at a sex-on-premises venue in October 2017, and we analysed community survey data from 2018 to 2019 (n = 5,924). Descriptive statistics and logistic regression ere used to examine associations with immunity and vaccination. Overall serological immunity was 62.8% (257/409) and increased with age, from 50.0% in those aged under 26 years to 79.0% in those over 45 years. Clinic immunity and community survey estimates were higher (74.5% and 76.8%). Immunity gaps were identified among bisexual men, those less connected to the gay community, and people born outside Australia. NSW Health implemented targeted vaccination and community engagement in response. Multisource assessment provided actionable evidence to guide targeted vaccination and outbreak response.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13433879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148396338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pandemic preparedness: Potential of routine general practice data for infectious disease early signal detection. 大流行防范：常规全科实践数据对传染病早期信号检测的潜力。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-29 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101800

Jessica M Aguilar Diaz, Cornelia H M van Jaarsveld, Aloïs Kessener, Annemarie Uijen, Federica Giardina, Tim C Olde Hartman, Stijn F H Raven, Aura Timen

{"title":"Pandemic preparedness: Potential of routine general practice data for infectious disease early signal detection.","authors":"Jessica M Aguilar Diaz, Cornelia H M van Jaarsveld, Aloïs Kessener, Annemarie Uijen, Federica Giardina, Tim C Olde Hartman, Stijn F H Raven, Aura Timen","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101800","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101800","url":null,"abstract":"In this proof-of-concept study, we explored the potential of structured general practice data for early signal detection, to enhance pandemic preparedness. We used electronic health record data from the Family Medicine Network (FaMe-Net) in the Netherlands between 2014 and 2024. Descriptive evaluation with surveillance attributes was performed, and the Farrington flexible method was used to construct an alert threshold for respiratory, gastroenteritis, rash, infectious conjunctivitis, and fever syndromes. Alert signals were generated, indicating when the observed weekly count exceeded the threshold. This data registry performed adequately for most surveillance attributes. We analysed 634708 diagnostic codes and 9 infectious disease syndromes in the data registry. In 154 weeks, the number of alert signals ranged from 3 to 20. We found similarities and variations in the number of alert signals between infectious syndrome definitions within the different data types. Structured general practice data showed potential for surveillance and early signal detection of infectious diseases because it performed well on most surveillance attributes and weekly counts of infectious disease syndromes led to the generation of alert signals. Further validation of these alert signals is needed, to underpin their early warning potential for timely public health action.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological investigation of a large trichinellosis outbreak in Lebanon, October 2023-February 2024. 2023年10月- 2024年2月黎巴嫩一次旋毛虫病大暴发的流行病学调查

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-29 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101885

Hawraa Sweidan, Jeanne El Hage, Nadine Omeirat, Lina Chaito, Nada Ghosn

{"title":"Epidemiological investigation of a large trichinellosis outbreak in Lebanon, October 2023-February 2024.","authors":"Hawraa Sweidan, Jeanne El Hage, Nadine Omeirat, Lina Chaito, Nada Ghosn","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101885","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101885","url":null,"abstract":"On 4 December 2023, trichinellosis cases were notified in Jahliyeh, Mount Lebanon. We investigated to determine the source, magnitude, and control measures. We defined a suspected case as a Jahliyeh resident with ≥1 compatible symptom diagnosed by a physician after 1 October 2023; a probable case as having ≥3 typical symptoms (fever, myalgia, edema, or eosinophilia); and a confirmed case as a suspected or probable case with laboratory confirmation by muscle biopsy or serology. We surveyed reachable households (252/561) to identify cases and assess meat consumption practices, inspected local butcheries, and tested meat samples. We identified 290 cases: 268 (92%) suspected, 21 (7.2%) probable, and 1 (0.3%) confirmed. Median age was 35 years (range 2-85); 34% required hospitalization. Illness was associated with Butchery A meat (risk ratio [RR] = 8.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.6-12.1) and uncooked meat (RR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.4-2.6), while freezing and cooking were protective. Food inspection revealed major hygiene breaches at Butchery A and Trichinella larvae in minced beef and sausage. This outbreak was epidemiologically confirmed despite limited laboratory confirmation in humans. We recommend strengthening food safety inspections, intersectoral One Health collaboration, laboratory capacity, and public awareness of safe meat preparation.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13433878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using forensic autopsy data to estimate the age-specific infection fatality risk of COVID-19. 利用法医尸检数据估计COVID-19年龄特异性感染死亡风险。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-26 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101873

Yuri Amemiya, Hiroshi Nishiura

{"title":"Using forensic autopsy data to estimate the age-specific infection fatality risk of COVID-19.","authors":"Yuri Amemiya, Hiroshi Nishiura","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101873","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101873","url":null,"abstract":"The infection fatality risk indicates the probability of death among infected individuals. The age-dependent heterogeneity of infection fatality risk is crucial for severity assessment and prioritization of countermeasures. However, infection fatality risk estimation requires infection data from a large-scale seroepidemiological survey combined with either direct ascertainment of deaths caused by infection or excess mortality estimates. To overcome the difficulty in ascertaining death, we propose an alternative approach to estimating the age-specific infection fatality risk for SARS-CoV-2 using medicolegal death investigation data in Tokyo with systematic post-mortem polymerase chain reaction testing. We integrated (i) polymerase chain reaction positivity among all deceased individuals at the Tokyo Medical Examiner's Office, (ii) age-specific all-cause mortality risks from vital statistics, and (iii) age-stratified cumulative infection risks derived from seroepidemiological surveys. Infection fatality risk was computed using Bayes' theorem. Results showed that infection fatality risk increased steeply with age. Our estimates (0.02% for ages 0-39 years, 0.30%-0.50% for ages 40-64 years, and 3.8%-4.2% for those aged ≥65 years) were consistent with published pre-vaccination meta-analytic estimates. Systematic testing within medicolegal death investigation systems can provide rapid, age-resolved severity assessments, improving the timeliness and comparability of infection fatality risk estimation across jurisdictions.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e96"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148327825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maternal and congenital syphilis in Fiji 2019-2022: a secondary analysis of clinical trial data. 斐济2019-2022年孕产妇和先天性梅毒：临床试验数据的二次分析

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-26 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101782

Stephanie Clark, Aneley Getahun Strobel, Maeve Hume-Nixon, Tupou Ratu, Cattram D Nguyen, Eleanor Neal, Atifa Mohammed, Laila Sauduadua, Kelera Sakumeni, Ilisapeci Tuibeqa, Fiona Russell

{"title":"Maternal and congenital syphilis in Fiji 2019-2022: a secondary analysis of clinical trial data.","authors":"Stephanie Clark, Aneley Getahun Strobel, Maeve Hume-Nixon, Tupou Ratu, Cattram D Nguyen, Eleanor Neal, Atifa Mohammed, Laila Sauduadua, Kelera Sakumeni, Ilisapeci Tuibeqa, Fiona Russell","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101782","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101782","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal syphilis and congenital syphilis (CS) have been increasing globally, but there are limited data from Fiji. We performed secondary analysis of clinical trial data of intrapartum azithromycin given to pregnant women to determine the prevalence of maternal syphilis and estimate the incidence of probable CS. Healthy, pregnant women at a tertiary hospital were routinely tested for syphilis, and their infants, were enrolled between July 2019 and January 2022. World Health Organisation case definitions for maternal and CS were used. Of the 2112 women enrolled, 2073 (98.2%) were tested for syphilis; 82.7% (n = 1715) were iTaukei (indigenous Fijians), and the median age was 27 years (interquartile range [IQR] 23-32). The maternal syphilis prevalence was 6.6% (n = 137). The majority (85.4%, n = 117) of women with positive serological result received at least one dose of benzathine penicillin 30 days prior to delivery. There were 139 infants born to mothers with positive serological results. The 2.5-year pooled incidence of probable CS was 212 per 100000 livebirths. Confirmation of CS was not possible as results of polymerase chain reaction test of cerebrospinal fluid were not available. Fiji has a substantial burden of maternal and CS. To eliminate mother-to-child transmission, improvements in testing and follow-up are needed, along with comprehensive data and confirmatory testing to accurately determine disease burden.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13437987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148327769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association between introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and burden of hospitalized adult pneumococcal disease in Taiwan - a retrospective database study. 台湾引进13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗与住院成人肺炎球菌疾病负担的关系——一项回顾性数据库研究。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-06-26 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101411

Chi-Chuan Wang, Ting-An Yen, Jhong-Lin Wu, Ling-Ya Huang, See-Hwee Yeo, Dony Patel, Cindy Lim, Hung-Wei Lin, Eriko Yamada, Isaya Sukarom

{"title":"Association between introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and burden of hospitalized adult pneumococcal disease in Taiwan - a retrospective database study.","authors":"Chi-Chuan Wang, Ting-An Yen, Jhong-Lin Wu, Ling-Ya Huang, See-Hwee Yeo, Dony Patel, Cindy Lim, Hung-Wei Lin, Eriko Yamada, Isaya Sukarom","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101411","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101411","url":null,"abstract":"This study estimated the incidence rate (IR), case fatality rate (CFR), healthcare resource utilization, and costs of pneumococcal disease before and after the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into Taiwan's childhood immunization programme (CIP) in 2015. Adults aged ≥18 years hospitalized with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and pneumonia from 2011 to 2019 were identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Baseline and trend of IRs were compared between pre-introduction (2011-2014) and post-introduction (2016-2019) of PCV13 using interrupted time series analyses and incidence rate ratio (IRR). Annual IRs for IPD and pneumonia ranged from 1.59 to 1.82 and 3.91 to 4.47 episodes per 100,000 person-years in the pre-PCV13 period, respectively. In the post-PCV13 period, they ranged from 1.23 to 1.37 and 3.20 to 3.95 episodes per 100,000 person-years, respectively. There was a significantly lower baseline IR in the post-PCV13 period for both IPD (IRR = 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.63, 0.93]) and pneumonia (IRR = 0.87; 95% CI: [0.77, 0.98]). However, a marginal increase in the trend of IR was observed during the post-PCV13 period for both IPD (IRR = 1.02; 95% CI: [1.00, 1.03]) and pneumonia (IRR = 1.02; 95% CI: [1.01, 1.03]). Estimated CFRs were lower in the post-PCV13 period for both diseases. The clinical burden remains substantial after the introduction of PCV13 into Taiwan's CIP.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13437988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148327764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0