Epidemiology and Infection最新文献_第3页

Viral interference with SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic: An individual participant data meta-analysis. COVID-19大流行期间病毒对SARS-CoV-2的干扰：个体参与者数据荟萃分析

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826102088

Emma S E M Hauser-van Westrhenen, Marieke L A De Hoog, Angelique M A M Winkel, Laia Junquera Guinovart, A H Ayesha Lavell, Menno D de Jong, Marlies A van Houten, Steven F L van Lelyveld, Dirk Eggink, Sjoerd Euser, Liesbeth Duijts, Joanne G Wildenbeest, Rob Schuurman, Janneke H H M van de Wijgert, Margareta Ieven, Katherine Loens, Alike W van der Velden, Marc J M Bonten, Herman Goossens, Patricia C J L Bruijning-Verhagen

{"title":"Viral interference with SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic: An individual participant data meta-analysis.","authors":"Emma S E M Hauser-van Westrhenen, Marieke L A De Hoog, Angelique M A M Winkel, Laia Junquera Guinovart, A H Ayesha Lavell, Menno D de Jong, Marlies A van Houten, Steven F L van Lelyveld, Dirk Eggink, Sjoerd Euser, Liesbeth Duijts, Joanne G Wildenbeest, Rob Schuurman, Janneke H H M van de Wijgert, Margareta Ieven, Katherine Loens, Alike W van der Velden, Marc J M Bonten, Herman Goossens, Patricia C J L Bruijning-Verhagen","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826102088","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826102088","url":null,"abstract":"Viral interference between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory virus infections has been implicated, but symptom-based testing in observational studies may bias estimations. We used individual participant data from ten cohort studies conducted during pandemic years 2020-2024 to study virus interference. Respiratory samples were PCR-tested for viruses including SARS-CoV-2. The primary analysis was based on samples collected from cohort participants regardless of respiratory symptoms. A secondary analysis included only symptom-based testing data. We estimated odds ratios for co-occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory viruses. The primary analysis included data from six cohorts (n = 1 023). In total 205 of 2 465 samples were SARS-CoV-2 positive (8.3%). Co-detections with SARS-CoV-2 occurred less frequently than expected under the assumption of zero interference (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.40-1.25) for samples positive for another virus. The secondary analysis (five cohorts, n = 1 715) included 2 088 samples from symptomatic subjects, with 506 SARS-CoV-2 infections (24.2%). The OR of SARS-CoV-2 detection was 0.16 (95% CI: 0.10-0.25) for samples positive for another virus. Minimizing selection bias, our results still point towards negative viral interference with SARS-CoV-2, but effect-estimates are weaker and non-significant. Apart from selection bias, the stronger effects found in symptomatic individuals could also indicate that symptomatic infection enhances virus interference.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"154 ","pages":"e128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149180202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using forensic autopsy data to estimate the age-specific infection fatality risk of COVID-19 - CORRIGENDUM. 使用法医尸检数据估计COVID-19年龄特异性感染死亡风险-勘误表

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-09-25 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826102155

Yuri Amemiya, Hiroshi Nishiura

引用次数: 0

Widespread European outbreaks of Salmonella Enteritidis related to chicken meat from Poland, 2023. 2023年，与波兰鸡肉有关的肠炎沙门氏菌在欧洲大范围爆发。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-09-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826102015

Emily Dibba White, Maria João Cardoso, Alina Novacek, Felix Küffel, Norbert Handra, Christian Kornschober, Mihail Milanov, Gergana Mateva, Werner Ruppitsch, Anne Ribert Larsen, Malene Søby, Annemette Lyhne-Kjærbye, Stine Nielsen, Ruska Rimhanen-Finne, Anni Vainio, Aoife Colgan, Maria Pardos de la Grandara, Carolina Silva Nodari, Nathalie Jourdan Da Silva, Anika Meinen, Eva Trost, Eva Grilc, Marija Trkov, Rikard Dryselius, Ann Hoban, Marie Anne Chattaway, Anais Painset, Laura Villa, Claudia Lucarelli, Lin T Brandal, Heidi Lange, Pernille Gymoese, Pernille Munch Ryder, Steen Ethelberg, Luise Müller, Sabine Maritschnik

{"title":"Widespread European outbreaks of Salmonella Enteritidis related to chicken meat from Poland, 2023.","authors":"Emily Dibba White, Maria João Cardoso, Alina Novacek, Felix Küffel, Norbert Handra, Christian Kornschober, Mihail Milanov, Gergana Mateva, Werner Ruppitsch, Anne Ribert Larsen, Malene Søby, Annemette Lyhne-Kjærbye, Stine Nielsen, Ruska Rimhanen-Finne, Anni Vainio, Aoife Colgan, Maria Pardos de la Grandara, Carolina Silva Nodari, Nathalie Jourdan Da Silva, Anika Meinen, Eva Trost, Eva Grilc, Marija Trkov, Rikard Dryselius, Ann Hoban, Marie Anne Chattaway, Anais Painset, Laura Villa, Claudia Lucarelli, Lin T Brandal, Heidi Lange, Pernille Gymoese, Pernille Munch Ryder, Steen Ethelberg, Luise Müller, Sabine Maritschnik","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826102015","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826102015","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonella Enteritidis is typically transmitted to humans via consumption of eggs or poultry meat. In July 2023, Denmark and Austria concurrently reported two outbreaks of genetically distinct S. Enteritidis sequence type (ST) 11. In both countries, cases were identified as part of the outbreaks using core-genome Multilocus Sequence Typing (cgMLST) between 1st of January and 1st of October, 2023. Outbreak investigations were conducted and included interviews with cases, food tracing, and, using cgMLST, comparisons of human, food, and environmental isolates. In the EU, 207 cases across 11 countries were found. Patient food histories pointed towards chicken, often sold as kebab meat. Extensive traceback investigations from affected restaurants and wholesalers in Austria and Denmark identified chicken meat produced in Poland as the vehicle of the outbreaks. Due to the death of one patient in Austria, the food safety authorities initiated more food safety controls for this food product, which led to food recalls. Recalls of specific chicken products from Poland were also conducted in Denmark. Despite national interventions and regulations targeting poultry producers, the EU remains collectively vulnerable to large-scale food contamination events originating in a single member state. Effective international and cross-sector collaboration was crucial to identifying the vehicle of these outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"154 ","pages":"e118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social disparities and the COVID-19, influenza, and RSV 'tripledemic' in Ontario, Canada: A population-based study. 加拿大安大略省的社会差异与COVID-19、流感和RSV“三重流行病”：一项基于人群的研究

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-09-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826102131

Evan Mitchell, Haiyan Zhu, Tiffany Fitzpatrick, Aditi Majoe, Naheemot Olaoluwa Sule, Roberto Guglielmi, Zahid Ahmad Butt

{"title":"Social disparities and the COVID-19, influenza, and RSV 'tripledemic' in Ontario, Canada: A population-based study.","authors":"Evan Mitchell, Haiyan Zhu, Tiffany Fitzpatrick, Aditi Majoe, Naheemot Olaoluwa Sule, Roberto Guglielmi, Zahid Ahmad Butt","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826102131","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826102131","url":null,"abstract":"We examined inequalities in weekly hospitalization rates related to COVID-19, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus based on neighbourhood-level material deprivation, neighbourhood-level ethno-racial diversity, rurality, and sex. Hospitalization rates were measured as the weekly number of hospitalizations per 10 000 people. Local regression models were used to fit observed weekly hospitalization rates within each study year and each population subgroup, and statistical significance of between-subgroup differences in peak hospitalization rate was assessed based on the overlap of 95% confidence intervals. We also provided comparisons of pre-pandemic (July 2017-June 2020) versus post-pandemic (July 2020-June 2023) trends. More materially deprived neighbourhoods showed up to a 2.5-times increase in peak weekly hospitalization rates compared to less materially deprived neighbourhoods. Peak hospitalization rates were up to 2.3-times higher among more versus less diverse neighbourhoods. Some age groups showed peak hospitalization rates up to 2.8-times higher among urban residents. Peak hospitalization rates were up to 1.3-times higher in younger males versus younger females and up to 1.6-times higher in older females versus older males. Variations due to neighbourhood-level material deprivation, neighbourhood-level ethno-racial diversity, rurality, and sex should be considered when designing and implementing public health policies aiming to reduce respiratory virus burden.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"154 ","pages":"e117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personalized risk score prediction and testing policy adaptations of a COVID-19 population-based contact tracing network - CORRIGENDUM. 基于COVID-19人群的接触者追踪网络的个性化风险评分预测和政策适应性测试-勘误表

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101976

Shushan Wu, Yan Feng, Huimin Cheng, Hui Huang, Yang Li, Feng Ling, Ping Ma, Wenxuan Zhong, Ye Shen

引用次数: 0

Encephalitis lethargica in Sweden, 1920-1930: national incidence and the 1921 outbreak in northern Sweden. 瑞典的昏睡性脑炎，1920-1930：全国发病率和1921年瑞典北部的爆发。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826102003

Lena Karlsson, Erling Häggström Gunfridsson

{"title":"Encephalitis lethargica in Sweden, 1920-1930: national incidence and the 1921 outbreak in northern Sweden.","authors":"Lena Karlsson, Erling Häggström Gunfridsson","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826102003","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826102003","url":null,"abstract":"Encephalitis lethargica (EL), also known as the 'European Sleeping Sickness', emerged in Europe around 1916, with Sweden reporting the highest global incidence rate in 1921. This study investigates regional variations in EL incidence across Sweden between 1920 and 1930, with a particular focus on the major outbreak in 1921. Using data from Public Health in Sweden, incidence rates were calculated for all Swedish regions, revealing a disproportionate concentration of cases in central and northern areas, especially in the parish of Vilhelmina in Västerbotten. To contextualize this outbreak, monthly disease data from the Annual Reports of the Chief Provincial Doctor in Västerbotten were analysed to compare the local disease panorama. Notably, preceding the first EL cases in Vilhelmina, influenza/H1N1 and mumps were frequently reported. Although the aetiology of EL remains unresolved, the presence of a preceding influenza and mumps epidemic is consistent with the dual-pathogen hypothesis, suggesting that interactions between infectious agents may have contributed to the emergence of EL in local hotspots.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"154 ","pages":"e114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological characteristics of paediatric COVID-19 and influenza co-infections in the United States, 2020-2024 - CORRIGENDUM. 2020-2024年美国儿童COVID-19和流感合并感染的流行病学特征-勘误表

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101988

Ozair H Naqvi, Aaron M Wendelboe, William H Beasley, Donna L Tyungu, Kai Ding, Katrin G Kuhn, James J Cheng, A Jerrod Anzalone, Amanda E Janitz

引用次数: 0

Bat rabies in France: Analysis of national surveillance data reveals contrasting bioclimatic preferences between EBLV-1a and EBLV-1b of the common serotine (Cnephaeus (Eptesicus) serotinus) bats. 法国的蝙蝠狂犬病：对国家监测数据的分析揭示了普通五灰蝠（Cnephaeus (Eptesicus) sertinus）的EBLV-1a和EBLV-1b之间的生物气候偏好差异。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-07-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101812

Elysé M Prudence Adeossi, Evelyne Picard-Meyer, Alexandre Servat, Laure Bournez, Perrine Parize, Hervé Bourhy, Emmanuelle Robardet

{"title":"Bat rabies in France: Analysis of national surveillance data reveals contrasting bioclimatic preferences between EBLV-1a and EBLV-1b of the common serotine (Cnephaeus (Eptesicus) serotinus) bats.","authors":"Elysé M Prudence Adeossi, Evelyne Picard-Meyer, Alexandre Servat, Laure Bournez, Perrine Parize, Hervé Bourhy, Emmanuelle Robardet","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101812","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101812","url":null,"abstract":"Bat rabies in mainland France is mainly caused by European bat lyssavirus 1 (EBLV-1; Lyssavirus hamburg), which is almost exclusively associated with the common serotine bat, Cnephaeus (Eptesicus) serotinus. Two variants, EBLV-1a and EBLV-1b, circulate in France and display largely distinct, parapatric distributions. Because bats are highly sensitive to climatic conditions due to their physiological characteristics, including heterothermy, we investigated the relationship between climate and the geographical distribution of these two variants. Using generalized linear models and species distribution models, we assessed the influence of temperature and precipitation on EBLV-1 occurrence. The distribution of EBLV-1 cases was significantly associated with climatic variables, particularly minimum temperatures during the coldest month, maximum temperatures during the warmest month, and precipitation during the driest period. EBLV-1a was more frequently associated with areas characterized by milder winters and warmer, more humid conditions, whereas EBLV-1b was linked to colder and drier environments. Habitat suitability models predicted limited overlap between the two variants, supporting the existence of distinct climatic niches. These findings suggest that climatic factors contribute to shaping the spatial distribution of EBLV-1 variants and highlight the need for broader scale studies to better understand their ecology and potential response to future climate change.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological characteristics of paediatric COVID-19 and influenza co-infections in the United States, 2020-2024. 2020-2024年美国儿童COVID-19和流感合并感染的流行病学特征

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-07-29 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101915

Ozair H Naqvi, Aaron M Wendelboe, William H Beasley, Donna L Tyungu, Kai Ding, Katrin G Kuhn, James J Cheng, A Jared Anzalone, Amanda E Janitz

{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics of paediatric COVID-19 and influenza co-infections in the United States, 2020-2024.","authors":"Ozair H Naqvi, Aaron M Wendelboe, William H Beasley, Donna L Tyungu, Kai Ding, Katrin G Kuhn, James J Cheng, A Jared Anzalone, Amanda E Janitz","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101915","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101915","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence describing paediatric COVID-19 and influenza co-infection is limited because influenza circulation was minimal during the early COVID-19 pandemic. We used the National Clinical Cohort Collaborative, a multicentre electronic health record repository, to describe the characteristics and clinical outcomes of paediatric COVID-19 and influenza co-infections in the United States from March 2020-April 2024. We defined co-infection as COVID-19 and influenza identified <7 days apart. We reported demographics, pre-existing diagnoses, and clinical outcomes and used generalized estimating equation models. We defined clinical outcomes as Severe/Moderate disease (hospitalization, critical care, or death) versus emergency department/outpatient encounters. We repeated analyses using varying co-infection definitions to assess robustness of findings. Among 1.53 million patients, 10,277 were co-infected, and 647 (6%) were hospitalized. Co-infections occurred predominantly among children aged <12 years. The most common pre-existing diagnoses were obesity (24%), asthma (10%), and congenital/genetic conditions (5%). The risk for Severe/Moderate disease was greatest among persons aged 0-4 years (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 3.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.35-3.97) and those with ≥2 pre-existing diagnoses (aRR 2.89; 95% CI: 2.43-3.43). Similar distributions of disease severity were observed across varying co-infection definitions. This study provides a large-scale epidemiological characterization of paediatric COVID-19 and influenza co-infection and successfully implemented a practical EHR-based co-infection case definition for future analyses.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"154 ","pages":"e105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13437991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148600651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recurrent zoonotic Cryptosporidium parvum transmission at an animal-contact visitor attraction: insights into infection prevention and control, South West England (2023-2025). 动物接触游客景点中复发性人畜共患小隐孢子虫传播：对感染预防和控制的见解，英格兰西南部（2023-2025）。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-07-29 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101927

Benjamin Sims, Adrienne Mackintosh, Rachel M Chalmers, Guy Robinson, Sarah Leaver, Claire E Brown, Nicholas Young, Chris Brenton, Jennifer Taylor

{"title":"Recurrent zoonotic Cryptosporidium parvum transmission at an animal-contact visitor attraction: insights into infection prevention and control, South West England (2023-2025).","authors":"Benjamin Sims, Adrienne Mackintosh, Rachel M Chalmers, Guy Robinson, Sarah Leaver, Claire E Brown, Nicholas Young, Chris Brenton, Jennifer Taylor","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101927","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101927","url":null,"abstract":"Between 2023 and 2025, four outbreaks of zoonotic Cryptosporidium parvum infection involving 39 laboratory-confirmed cases occurred at a single animal-contact visitor attraction in South West England. A retrospective outbreak investigation, incorporating elements of a descriptive case series, was undertaken to identify factors associated with repeated transmission and to draw insights for infection prevention and control. The study integrated epidemiological, veterinary, environmental, and molecular data, including exposure questionnaires, animal faecal testing, environmental sampling, observational assessments, and genotyping of human and animal isolates. Zoonotic gp60 subtype IIaA15G2R1 predominated across outbreaks. In the fourth outbreak, identical gp60 subtypes and shared multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis alleles in lamb and human samples supported zoonotic transmission. Environmental sampling identified faecal indicator organisms and Shiga toxin-producing E.coli on high-touch surfaces. An observational assessment identified frequent opportunities for faecal-oral exposure during close contact with young ruminants. Despite compliance with industry standards, persistent environmental contamination, in-pen contact, and child behavioural factors were identified as plausible contributors to transmission. These findings highlight the challenges of preventing zoonotic infection in this setting and support refinement of existing guidance.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13459008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148600626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0