Epidemiology and Infection最新文献_第10页

Inequalities in complete pneumococcal vaccination among Peruvian children before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: An evaluation using demographic and health surveys from 2018 to 2023. COVID-19大流行前后秘鲁儿童完全肺炎球菌疫苗接种的不平等：2018-2023年人口和健康调查评估

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-03-27 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101332

Brayan E Gonzales, Theresa J Ochoa, Marianne A B van der Sande

{"title":"Inequalities in complete pneumococcal vaccination among Peruvian children before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: An evaluation using demographic and health surveys from 2018 to 2023.","authors":"Brayan E Gonzales, Theresa J Ochoa, Marianne A B van der Sande","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101332","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101332","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed changes in complete pneumococcal vaccination coverage (CPVC) among Peruvian children <5 years before and after the COVID 19 pandemic and evaluated regional differences, associated sociodemographic factors and wealth-related inequality. 2018-2023 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) was analyzed. CPVC was defined as receiving the full 2 + 1 schedule of the 13 valent pneumococcal vaccine. Children aged 13-60 months were included. Multivariable analysis used modified Poisson regression and wealth related inequality was assessed using the Concentration index and Erreygers's corrected Concentration index at national and regional levels. Among 95,586 children, CPVC decreased from 71.9% in 2019 to 69.4% in 2020 (p = 0.003), then returned to pre Covid levels from 2021 onward (72.2% in 2023; p = 0.001), particularly in Lima Metropolitana. Puno (53.3-58.6%) and Madre de Dios (50.9-62.1%) consistently showed the lowest coverage. Nationally, wealth- or sociodemographic related inequalities were minimal; however, regional interactions indicated that the effect of wealth on CPVC varied by area. Depending on the region, factors such as age group, household members and mather's education were associated with lower CPVC, whereas age at first pregnancy, institutional birth, antenatal care and access to information increased CPVC. Ucayali showed persistently higher CPVC among wealthier populations. Despite a temporary decline during the pandemic, CPVC in Peru rapidly recovered, although regional gaps persist.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147527778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-hospital occupational blood exposure accidents: A nine-year retrospective analysis of post-exposure HIV, hepatitis B and C risk management in the Netherlands. 非医院职业血液暴露事故：荷兰暴露后艾滋病毒、乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎风险管理的九年回顾性分析

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-03-27 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101319

Elfi E H G Brouwers, Henriëtte L G Ter Waarbeek, Carlijn Somers, Nicole H T M Dukers-Muijrers, Casper D J den Heijer, Christian J P A Hoebe

{"title":"Non-hospital occupational blood exposure accidents: A nine-year retrospective analysis of post-exposure HIV, hepatitis B and C risk management in the Netherlands.","authors":"Elfi E H G Brouwers, Henriëtte L G Ter Waarbeek, Carlijn Somers, Nicole H T M Dukers-Muijrers, Casper D J den Heijer, Christian J P A Hoebe","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101319","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101319","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational blood exposure accidents (OBEAs) pose significant risks to healthcare workers, potentially exposing them to hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and HIV. While most research focuses on hospital settings, this study assessed OBEA management in non-hospital contexts. Although our data predate the COVID pandemic, findings remain highly relevant, especially for healthcare professionals working outside hospital settings. A retrospective analysis of OBEA registry data (2006-2014) was conducted in a southern Dutch region. Data included demographics, profession, workplace, injury type, source status (HBV, HCV, HIV), risk assessment, post-exposure measures, and lab results. Chi-square and t-tests were applied. In total, 975 OBEA were reported. Among nurses, medical assistants, students, and housekeeping staff, subcutaneous needles (51-67%) and lancets (25%) were common exposure sources. Police officers mainly reported biting (26%), scratching, or spitting (70%). HBV vaccination coverage ranged from 18% (housekeeping) to over 90% (nurses, police). Post-exposure measures were taken in 52% of cases. High-risk exposures (43%) mainly affected ambulance staff, sterilization workers, police, and dentists. Sources were tested in 85% of high-risk cases: 1.4% were HBV positive, 2% HCV positive, and 1.1% HIV positive. No seroconversions occurred. Results stress the need for better HBV vaccination coverage, targeted prevention, and prompt OBEA reporting outside hospital settings.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13161801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147527787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two decades of ESKAPE pathogens: Longitudinal analysis of antibiotic resistance trends between 2002 and 2024 in a Hungarian clinical centre. ESKAPE病原体的二十年：匈牙利临床中心2002年至2024年抗生素耐药性趋势的纵向分析

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101307

Bence Sajerli, Ágnes Sarkadi-Nagy, Katalin Burián, László Orosz

{"title":"Two decades of ESKAPE pathogens: Longitudinal analysis of antibiotic resistance trends between 2002 and 2024 in a Hungarian clinical centre.","authors":"Bence Sajerli, Ágnes Sarkadi-Nagy, Katalin Burián, László Orosz","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101307","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101307","url":null,"abstract":"This retrospective study analysed 14,625 isolates of the six major hospital-associated 'ESKAPE' pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) collected between 2002 and 2024 in a Hungarian tertiary-care centre. Antimicrobial resistance was assessed using the antibiotic resistance index (ARI), multidrug resistance (MDR) ratios, and resistance instability index (RII). A. baumannii and E. faecium showed the highest resistance burdens and instability. Age showed a significant monotonic association with resistance (Spearman r = 0.88), with peaks in infants, middle-aged women, and the elderly. Species-specific age trends varied, with a negative correlation seen in Enterobacter spp. Hierarchical clustering grouped pathogens by resistance trajectory rather than taxonomy. Pairwise resistance distances confirmed divergence between Gram-positive and Gram-negative species. Resistance to aminoglycosides and sulphonamides showed the highest year-to-year variability, as quantified by the RII, particularly in A. baumannii and E. faecium. Vector autoregressive (VAR) modelling predicted continued MDR increases in these species. A strong correlation was found between ARI and RII (Pearson r = 0.85, p = 0.032). These findings underscore the importance of integrating resistance magnitude and volatility in surveillance.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147510239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes and Predictions of Mumps Incidence in China: A Time Series Model with Intervention Approach. 中国流行性腮腺炎发病率的变化与预测：一个具有干预方法的时间序列模型。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-03-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101253

Xuhan Tong, Qingwen Yu, Mingwei Wang

引用次数: 0

Frequency, dynamics, and duration of faecal shedding in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, a scoping review. SARS-CoV-2感染者粪便脱落的频率、动态和持续时间：一项范围综述

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-03-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101241

Susan Abunijela, Timo Greiner, Walter Haas, Romy Kerber, Peter Pütz, Alexander Schattschneider, Jakob Schumacher, Udo Buchholz

{"title":"Frequency, dynamics, and duration of faecal shedding in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, a scoping review.","authors":"Susan Abunijela, Timo Greiner, Walter Haas, Romy Kerber, Peter Pütz, Alexander Schattschneider, Jakob Schumacher, Udo Buchholz","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101241","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101241","url":null,"abstract":"To estimate illness incidence or prevalence from wastewater data, modelling approaches may benefit from incorporating faecal shedding parameters. We systematically searched PubMed and a public repository on shedding data and included 33 studies that met at least one of our objectives. Among 32 studies, the proportion of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with detectable virus in stool ranged from 18 to 100%, with a pooled estimate of 54% (95% CI: 52-56%). Stratification by four clinical severity categories, ranging from asymptomatic to critically ill, showed no significant differences among categories (p-value = 0.49). The proportion of individuals with detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA in stool was higher in children (61%) than in adults (53%; p-value = 0.02). In half of the individuals who initially shed the virus in stool, it remained detectable for an estimated 22 days post-symptom onset. Three studies documented viral load kinetics, indicating a peak between days 3 and 9. Twenty-five studies reported maximum shedding durations ranging from 2 to 12 weeks. Our review summarizes the frequency, dynamics, and duration of SARS-CoV-2 shedding in stool and may serve as a valuable foundation for modelling efforts involving faecal shedding indicators.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Burden of comorbid disease, treatment, and healthcare utilization among people with HIV: A retrospective, cross-sectional study from a large healthcare organization. HIV感染者的合并症负担、治疗和医疗保健利用：一项来自大型医疗保健组织的回顾性横断面研究。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-03-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101265

Clara Weil, Sivan Gazit, Arlene Nugent, Liza Murrison, Moshe Hoshen, Ana Pires Dos Santos, Itzchak Levy

{"title":"Burden of comorbid disease, treatment, and healthcare utilization among people with HIV: A retrospective, cross-sectional study from a large healthcare organization.","authors":"Clara Weil, Sivan Gazit, Arlene Nugent, Liza Murrison, Moshe Hoshen, Ana Pires Dos Santos, Itzchak Levy","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101265","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101265","url":null,"abstract":"This retrospective, cross-sectional study assessed the burden of HIV in Israel's Maccabi Healthcare Services in 2022. Among 2.6 million individuals assessed (lookback period: > 2 decades), 1973 PWH were identified and age-sex-matched (1:5) to 9,865 randomly selected controls without HIV. We compared sociodemographic, clinical characteristics, and healthcare resource utilization (HRU; Jan-Dec 2022) between people with and without HIV and characterized antiretroviral therapy (ART) treatment patterns among PWH (Jan-Dec 2022). Compared to controls, PWH had a higher lifetime prevalence (since 1988; P < 0.001) of several comorbid conditions, including liver disease, chronic kidney disease, any cancer, and hepatitis B and C infections. Additionally, PWH had a higher rate of anxiety and depression (26.2% vs. 13.5%; P < 0.001). PWH showed higher annual HRU than controls, including ~2-fold higher hospitalizations (≥1 new admissions; P < 0.001) and frequent use of emergency, urgent, primary, specialist, and nursing care (P < 0.05). Among 1907 PWH with ≥1 ART prescription, 78.1% had ≥90% coverage in 2022, although 69.1% experienced ART interruption and 7.2% discontinuation, the latter associated with mental health issues. This study recognizes critical gaps in care that could inform strategies to improve clinical outcomes and resource allocation in health systems for PWH.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of voluntary PCR testing against COVID-19 spread in remote Japanese islands. 自愿PCR检测对日本偏远岛屿COVID-19传播的有效性

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-03-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101289

Moto Kimura, Yusuke Asai, Shinya Tsuzuki, Yosuke Shimizu, Yukari Uemura, Yurika Tanaka, Junko Terada-Hirashima, Masahiro Ishikane, Yukumasa Kazuyama, Masato Ikeda, Toyohisa Kondo, Norio Ohmagari, Wataru Sugiura

{"title":"Effectiveness of voluntary PCR testing against COVID-19 spread in remote Japanese islands.","authors":"Moto Kimura, Yusuke Asai, Shinya Tsuzuki, Yosuke Shimizu, Yukari Uemura, Yurika Tanaka, Junko Terada-Hirashima, Masahiro Ishikane, Yukumasa Kazuyama, Masato Ikeda, Toyohisa Kondo, Norio Ohmagari, Wataru Sugiura","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101289","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101289","url":null,"abstract":"We assessed the association between voluntary polymerase chain reaction testing of travellers and reported infection rates in the Ogasawara Islands compared with those in several other Tokyo islands. The implementation of polymerase chain reaction testing over a 2-year period was evaluated. Between September 2020 and September 2022, 38,943 of 45,900 travellers to the Ogasawara Islands underwent pre-travel polymerase chain reaction testing, with a notable increase in uptake during states of emergency. Ogasawara reported 385 positive coronavirus disease 2019 cases, with no hospitalizations or severe cases among residents, in contrast to the higher infection and hospitalization rates in Tokyo. Pre-boarding polymerase chain reaction tests were associated with lower reported infection rates in this island setting. These findings suggest that combining pre-travel testing with local mitigation measures, including case isolation systems, may help safeguard the communities of small, geographically isolated islands. These results may inform public health preparedness and response strategies for future infectious disease outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Barriers and facilitators of childhood immunization: sociodemographic and knowledge-related determinants among parents in rural and urban Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. 儿童免疫的障碍和促进因素：巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦城乡父母中的社会人口统计学和与知识相关的决定因素。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-03-23 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101277

Jannat Ashfaq, Kifayat Ullah, Farhad Ali Khattak, Muhammad Hakim, Saima Afaq, Khalid Rehman, Asif Bettani, Zia Ul Haq

{"title":"Barriers and facilitators of childhood immunization: sociodemographic and knowledge-related determinants among parents in rural and urban Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.","authors":"Jannat Ashfaq, Kifayat Ullah, Farhad Ali Khattak, Muhammad Hakim, Saima Afaq, Khalid Rehman, Asif Bettani, Zia Ul Haq","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101277","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101277","url":null,"abstract":"Immunization is critical for reducing vaccine-preventable disease morbidity and mortality, yet coverage disparities persist in low-resource settings. This mixed-methods study describes characteristics of childhood immunization defaulters and explores barriers to vaccine adherence in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. We recruited 380 caregivers from three tehsils in District Kohat of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from February to July 2023, whose children under 2 years had not completed the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)-recommended schedule. Quantitative data from validated questionnaires and immunization cards underwent descriptive and regression analyses; qualitative interviews explored non-adherence reasons. Most respondents were fathers (96.05%); 41.84% resided in rural areas. Initial coverage was high for BCG (97.89%) and OPV0 (100%) but declined for Penta3 (26.05%) and Measles2 (4.21%). Most children (73.95%) were under 4 months. Rural defaulters were more prevalent than urban (41.84% vs. 34.47%, p < 0.001), and 89.47% had mothers with ≤high school education. While 95.26% had heard of vaccines, only 49.47% knew the EPI starting age. Defaulters with higher knowledge progressed further through the schedule (AOR: 4.55, p = 0.05). Qualitative themes included poor healthcare access, cultural norms, religious misconceptions, and migration disruptions. Interventions addressing maternal education, rural access, and knowledge gaps are essential to reduce immunization default.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147498021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct economic and temporal burdens of nosocomial infections on orthopaedic patients: a nested case-control study. 骨科患者医院感染的直接经济和时间负担：一项巢式病例对照研究。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101125

Lin Yang, Ruhuan Ma, Yan Ren, Yu Tian, Hongxin Wei, Luyao Li, Hong Li, Hui Chen

{"title":"Direct economic and temporal burdens of nosocomial infections on orthopaedic patients: a nested case-control study.","authors":"Lin Yang, Ruhuan Ma, Yan Ren, Yu Tian, Hongxin Wei, Luyao Li, Hong Li, Hui Chen","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101125","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101125","url":null,"abstract":"Orthopaedic inpatients have distinct clinical traits. This study aimed to quantify the burden of nosocomial infections (NIs) on orthopaedic patients. A nested case-control study (2022-2024) at the China National Orthopaedic Medical Center compared orthopaedic inpatients with and without NIs and matched cases and controls 1:3 to evaluate the burden of NIs. A national economic burden analysis was subsequently conducted under various scenarios. Among 120,764 eligible patients, 338 (0.28%) developed NIs. A total of 321 cases were matched with 916 controls. The economic and temporal burdens of NIs are US$2,100 and 5 days per case respectively. Haematologic NIs had the highest additional cost (US$4,295) and the second longest extended stay (9 days). In terms of initial hospitalisations and readmissions, surgical site infections extended hospital stays by 20 days and increased costs by US$4,881. The top three diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) with high burdens are ZC11, ZJ15, and IE21 for costs and ZJ15, IE21, and IB19 for duration. In the mixed-region scenario, orthopaedic specialty hospitals nationwide incur US$5.23 million in direct medical costs annually because of NIs. These findings indicate that NIs significantly affect orthopaedic patients both individually and nationally, necessitating focused prevention and control for high-burden DRGs and specific infections.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147376353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paediatric infection hospital admissions in England before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. 在COVID-19大流行之前、期间和之后，英格兰儿科感染医院的入院情况。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268826101186

Charlotte Jackson, Linda Wijlaars, Fariyo Abdullahi, Mengyun Liu, Ali Judd, Claire Thorne, Intira Jeannie Collins, Costanza Di Chiara, Pia Hardelid

{"title":"Paediatric infection hospital admissions in England before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Charlotte Jackson, Linda Wijlaars, Fariyo Abdullahi, Mengyun Liu, Ali Judd, Claire Thorne, Intira Jeannie Collins, Costanza Di Chiara, Pia Hardelid","doi":"10.1017/S0950268826101186","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268826101186","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic and associated non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) reduced transmission of other infections. We quantified changes in hospital admission rates for respiratory and gastrointestinal infections among young children in England during and after implementation of NPIs, compared to pre-pandemic, and variations by sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Children aged <5 years at any time between 1 January 2017 and 31 January 2022 were followed from birth or 1 January 2017, until their 5th birthday, death, or 31 January 2022, within a birth cohort based on Hospital Episode Statistics data. Quarterly emergency admission rates for respiratory and gastrointestinal infections from April-June 2020 onwards were compared to corresponding quarters in 2017-2019 using Poisson regression, with and without interaction terms for time period and sociodemographic/clinical characteristics. Admission rates for respiratory and gastrointestinal infections were lower in April-June 2020 compared to this quarter pre-pandemic (incidence rate ratio (99% CI) 0.17 (0.17-0.18) for respiratory; 0.29 (0.28-0.31) for gastrointestinal). Rates remained below pre-pandemic levels until April-June 2021 (respiratory infections) and July-September 2021 (gastrointestinal infections), subsequently increasing above the corresponding pre-pandemic quarters. Changes in rates did not differ by sociodemographic/clinical characteristics. These results can inform planning for future pandemics and their aftermath.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0