Epidemiology and Infection最新文献

Evidence on the associations and safety of COVID-19 vaccination and post COVID-19 condition: An updated living systematic review. COVID-19疫苗接种与COVID-19后病情的相关性和安全性的证据：最新的活系统综述

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825000378

Melanie Sterian, Thivya Naganathan, Tricia Corrin, Lisa A Waddell

引用次数: 0

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825000366

Elias Abucar, Mascha Kern, Tobias Kurth, Anne Meierkord, Maximilian Gertler, Joachim Seybold, Stefanie Theuring, Frank Mockenhaupt

引用次数: 0

SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination status in six ethnic groups in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, May to November 2022 - CORRIGENDUM. 2022年5月至11月荷兰阿姆斯特丹6个民族SARS-CoV-2感染和疫苗接种状况-勘误表

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825000342

Sophie L Campman, Anders Boyd, Janke Schinkel, Liza Coyer, Charles Agyemang, Henrike Galenkamp, Anitra D M Koopman, Felix P Chilunga, Jelle Koopsen, Aeilko H Zwinderman, Suzanne Jurriaans, Karien Stronks, Maria Prins

引用次数: 0

Risk factors for invasive group A streptococcal infection in children aged 6 months to 5 years: a case-control study, the Netherlands, February-May 2023. 2023年2月至5月荷兰的一项病例对照研究：6个月至5岁儿童侵袭性A群链球菌感染的危险因素

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825000275

Elizabeth I Hazelhorst, Catharina E van Ewijk, Cornelia C H Wielders, Margreet J M Te Wierik, Susan J M Hahné, Hester E de Melker, Mirjam J Knol, Brechje de Gier

{"title":"Risk factors for invasive group A streptococcal infection in children aged 6 months to 5 years: a case-control study, the Netherlands, February-May 2023.","authors":"Elizabeth I Hazelhorst, Catharina E van Ewijk, Cornelia C H Wielders, Margreet J M Te Wierik, Susan J M Hahné, Hester E de Melker, Mirjam J Knol, Brechje de Gier","doi":"10.1017/S0950268825000275","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268825000275","url":null,"abstract":"In 2022, an increase in invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections was observed in the Netherlands. A particular increase was seen among children; therefore, we aimed to assess risk factors for iGAS infection in children aged 6 months to 5 years. A prospective case-control study was conducted between February and May 2023. We approached parents of notified iGAS cases to complete a questionnaire on exposures during 4 weeks prior to disease onset. Controls were recruited via social media and matched to cases on sex and birthyear. Conditional logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (OR) of exposures. For the analysis, we included 18 cases and 103 controls. Varicella prior to onset of iGAS disease was reported in two (11%) cases and one (1%) control (OR: 12.0, 95% CI: 1.1-139.0). Exposure to group A streptococcal (GAS)-like illnesses such as impetigo, pharyngitis, and scarlet fever was reported in 8 (44%) cases and 15 (15%) controls (OR: 7.1, 95% CI: 1.8-29.0). Our findings are in line with previous studies by identifying varicella as a risk factor for iGAS among young children and highlight the association with non-invasive GAS infections in the community as a possible source of transmission.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying the direct and indirect components of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness during the Delta variant era. 量化Delta变异时期COVID-19疫苗有效性的直接和间接成分

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825000354

Anna Suomenrinne-Nordvik, Tuija Leino, Mikhail Shubin, Kari Auranen, Simopekka Vänskä

{"title":"Quantifying the direct and indirect components of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness during the Delta variant era.","authors":"Anna Suomenrinne-Nordvik, Tuija Leino, Mikhail Shubin, Kari Auranen, Simopekka Vänskä","doi":"10.1017/S0950268825000354","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268825000354","url":null,"abstract":"The efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines against the Delta variant has been observed to be high, both against severe disease and infection. The full population level vaccine effectiveness, however, also contains the indirect effects of vaccination, which require analysis of transmission dynamics to uncover. Finland was close to naïve to SARS-CoV-2 infections before the Delta dominant era, and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were at an internationally low level. We utilize Finnish register data and a mathematical model for transmission and COVID-19 disease burden to construct a completely unvaccinated control population and estimate the different components of the vaccine effectiveness. The estimated direct effectiveness was 72% against COVID-19 cases and 87-96% against severe disease outcomes, but the estimated indirect effectiveness was even better, 93% against cases and 94-97% against severe disease. The total and overall effectiveness, including both direct and indirect effects of vaccination, were thus excellent. Our results show how well the population was protected by vaccination during the Delta era, especially by the indirect effectiveness, providing protection also to the unvaccinated part of the population. The estimated averted numbers of hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths in Finland during the Delta era under the implemented NPIs were about 100 times the observed numbers.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global patterns and trends in deaths of influenza-associated lower respiratory infections from 1990 to 2019. 1990年至2019年流感相关下呼吸道感染死亡的全球模式和趋势。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824001559

Can Chen, Dingmo Chen, Yuxia Du, Daixi Jiang, Kexin Cao, Mengya Yang, Xiaoyue Wu, Mengsha Chen, Wenkai Zhou, Jiaxing Qi, Yue You, Rui Yan, Shigui Yang

{"title":"Global patterns and trends in deaths of influenza-associated lower respiratory infections from 1990 to 2019.","authors":"Can Chen, Dingmo Chen, Yuxia Du, Daixi Jiang, Kexin Cao, Mengya Yang, Xiaoyue Wu, Mengsha Chen, Wenkai Zhou, Jiaxing Qi, Yue You, Rui Yan, Shigui Yang","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824001559","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824001559","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined global trends in influenza-associated lower respiratory infections (LRIs) deaths from 1990 to 2019 using data from the GBD 2019. The annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were used to analyze age-standardized death rates (ASDR). Globally, the ASDR of influenza-associated LRIs was 3.29/100,000 in 2019, which was higher in the African region (6.57/100,000) and among adults aged 70 years and older (29.88/100,000). The ASDR of influenza-associated LRIs decreased significantly from 1990 to 2019 (AAPC = -1.88%, P < 0.05). However, it was significantly increased among adults aged 70 years and older during 2017-2019 (APC = 2.31%, P < 0.05), especially in Western Pacific Region and South-East Asia Regions. The ratio of death rates between adults aged 70 years and older and children aged under 5 years increased globally from 1.63 in 1990 to 5.34 in 2019, and the Western Pacific Region experienced the most substantial increase, with the ratio soaring from 1.83 in 1990 to 12.98 in 2019. Despite a decline in the global ASDR of influenza-associated LRIs, it continues to impose a significant burden, particularly in the African, Western Pacific regions and among the elderly population.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"153 ","pages":"e49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-negative strains isolated from bloodstream infections in China: Results from the study for monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends (SMART) 2018-2020. 中国血液感染分离的革兰氏阴性菌株的抗生素敏感性：2018-2020年抗菌药物耐药性趋势监测研究（SMART）结果

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824001286

Yili Chen, Pingjuan Liu, Huayin Li, Wenxiang Huang, Chunxia Yang, Mei Kang, Xiaofeng Jiang, Bin Shan, Hong He, Fupin Hu, Pengcheng Li, Yingchun Xu, Kang Liao

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-negative strains isolated from bloodstream infections in China: Results from the study for monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends (SMART) 2018-2020.","authors":"Yili Chen, Pingjuan Liu, Huayin Li, Wenxiang Huang, Chunxia Yang, Mei Kang, Xiaofeng Jiang, Bin Shan, Hong He, Fupin Hu, Pengcheng Li, Yingchun Xu, Kang Liao","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824001286","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824001286","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims were to present in vitro susceptibilities of clinical isolates from Gram-negative bacteria bloodstream infections (GNBSI) collected in China. GNBSI isolates were collected from 18 tertiary hospitals in 7 regions of China from 2018 to 2020. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were assessed using a Trek Diagnostic System. Susceptibility was determined using CLSI broth microdilution, and breakpoints were interpreted using CLSI M100 (2021). A total of 1,815 GNBSI strains were collected, with E. coli (42.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (28.6%) being the most prevalent species, followed by P. aeruginosa (6.7%). Susceptibility analyses revealed low susceptibilities (<40%) of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumonia to third-/fourth-generation cephalosporins, monobactamases, and fluoroquinolones. High susceptibilities to colistin (95.0%) and amikacin (81.3%) were found for K. pneumoniae, while Acinetobacter baumannii exhibited a high susceptibility (99.2%) to colistin but a low susceptibility to other antimicrobials (<27.5%). Isolates from ICUs displayed lower drug susceptibility rates of K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii than isolates from non-ICUs (all P < 0.05). Carbapenem-resistant and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae detection was different across regions (both P < 0.05). E. coli and K. pneumoniae were major contributors to GNBSI, while A. baumannii exhibited severe drug resistance in isolates obtained from ICU departments.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"153 ","pages":"e48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Invasive group a streptococcal infection associated with community healthcare services delivered at home, South East England, December 2021-2023: Descriptive epidemiological study. 2021年12月至2023年12月英格兰东南部与家庭社区医疗服务相关的侵袭性A组链球菌感染：描述性流行病学研究

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825000287

Jeeva John, Sonia Smith, Clare Sawyer, Beth Brokenshire, Charlotte Anderson, David J Roberts

{"title":"Invasive group a streptococcal infection associated with community healthcare services delivered at home, South East England, December 2021-2023: Descriptive epidemiological study.","authors":"Jeeva John, Sonia Smith, Clare Sawyer, Beth Brokenshire, Charlotte Anderson, David J Roberts","doi":"10.1017/S0950268825000287","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268825000287","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive group A Streptococcal (iGAS) outbreaks have been linked to Community Healthcare Services Delivered at Home (CHSDH). There is, however, very limited evidence describing the epidemiology and mortality of iGAS cases associated with CHSDH. We used routine data to describe iGAS cases in adults who had received CHSDH prior to onset and compare characteristics between CHSDH-outbreak and non-outbreak CHSDH cases, in South East England between December 2021 and December 2023. There were 80/898 (8.9%) iGAS case episodes with CHSDH prior to onset; cases were in elderly people (50% aged 85 and over), and had primarily received wound or ulcer care (93.8%), with almost all care delivered by community nurses (98.8%). The 30-day all-cause case fatality was 26.3%. Emm 1.0 was the most common type (17.5%). In this period, 5/11 iGAS outbreaks (45.4%) were CHSDH-associated, and 25 cases with receipt of CHSDH prior to onset (31.3%, Confidence Interval [CI] 21.3-42.6%) were linked to these outbreaks. On univariate analysis, CHSDH-outbreak case episodes were more likely to be associated with emm pattern genotype E (OR 6.1 95% CI 1.8-20.9), and skin or soft tissue infection clinical presentation (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.1-12.0) than non-outbreak CHSDH cases. There may be an increased risk of propagation of iGAS outbreaks in patients receiving CHSDH, emphasizing the need for rigorous early infection prevention and control, and outbreak surveillance.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factors associated with carditis adverse events following SARS-COV-2-19 vaccination. 与SARS-COV-2-19疫苗接种后心炎不良事件相关的因素

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825000329

Kyung Hyun Min, Jun Hyeob Kim, Jin Yeon Gil, Jun Hyuk Park, Ji Min Han, Kyung Eun Lee

{"title":"Factors associated with carditis adverse events following SARS-COV-2-19 vaccination.","authors":"Kyung Hyun Min, Jun Hyeob Kim, Jin Yeon Gil, Jun Hyuk Park, Ji Min Han, Kyung Eun Lee","doi":"10.1017/S0950268825000329","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268825000329","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to delve into the incidence and risk factors associated with myocarditis and pericarditis following SARS-COV-2-19 vaccination, addressing a notable gap in understanding the safety profile of vaccinations. Through meticulous data selection from the National Health Insurance System (NHIS) database of Korea, the researchers employed both a case-crossover study and a nested case-control design to analyze temporal patterns and risk factors related to carditis occurrences post-immunization. Key findings revealed a significant association between SARS-COV-2-19 vaccination and the occurrence of carditis, with a strong temporal correlation observed within 10 days post-vaccination. Noteworthy factors contributing to carditis risk included the duration between vaccination and carditis, specific comorbidities and medication use. The study concluded by recommending an extended post-vaccination surveillance duration of at least 10 days and underscored the importance of considering individual medical histories and concurrent medication use in assessing vaccine-induced carditis risk. This study might contribute to understanding vaccine safety profiles and emphasizes the significance of comprehensive post-vaccination monitoring protocols.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new approach to define the optimal immunization strategy against pneumococcal disease: the example of Canada. 确定肺炎球菌疾病最佳免疫策略的新方法：以加拿大为例。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825000305

Philippe De Wals

{"title":"A new approach to define the optimal immunization strategy against pneumococcal disease: the example of Canada.","authors":"Philippe De Wals","doi":"10.1017/S0950268825000305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268825000305","url":null,"abstract":"New-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are available to replace PCV-13 for childhood and adult immunization. Besides cost-effectiveness evaluations which have highly variable results, the comparative immunogenicity of these new vaccines (PCV15, PCV20, PCV21) and their coverage of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and carriage strains in different age-groups should be regarded as well as the antibody susceptibility, antibiotic resistance, invasiveness and virulence of serotypes included in each vaccine. Based on the Canadian experience, these topics are discussed. The optimal strategy would be a 2+1 PCV20 schedule for children, PCV21 for elderly adults and a dual PCV20+PCV21 schedule for adults at very high IPD risk. Shifting from PCV-13 to PCV-15 for children entails a risk of increased IPD incidence in adults because additional serotypes are of low virulence and could be replaced by more invasive and virulent serotypes. This risk can be reasonably excluded if PCV-20 replaces PCV-13 as the former covers additional serotypes being highly invasive and virulent. It is recognized that off-label use of PCV-20 according to a 2+1 schedule could be problematic for some jurisdictions as this is not authorized in all countries. In Canada, however, the 2+1 PCV20 schedule was authorized based on the same dataset submitted elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"153 ","pages":"e55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0