Epidemiology and Infection最新文献

Hepatitis B susceptibility and subsequent vaccination in priority populations across an Australian sentinel surveillance network, 2017-2023. 2017-2023年澳大利亚哨点监测网络中重点人群的乙型肝炎易感性和随后的疫苗接种

IF 2.2 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825100241

Leila Bell, Virginia Pilcher, Elly Layton, Victoria Polkinghorne, Jason Asselin, Anna Wilkinson, Joseph Doyle, Phillip Read, Mish Pony, Stella Pendle, Wayne Dimech, Mark Stoové, Basil Donovan, Jessica Howell, Margaret E Hellard

{"title":"Hepatitis B susceptibility and subsequent vaccination in priority populations across an Australian sentinel surveillance network, 2017-2023.","authors":"Leila Bell, Virginia Pilcher, Elly Layton, Victoria Polkinghorne, Jason Asselin, Anna Wilkinson, Joseph Doyle, Phillip Read, Mish Pony, Stella Pendle, Wayne Dimech, Mark Stoové, Basil Donovan, Jessica Howell, Margaret E Hellard","doi":"10.1017/S0950268825100241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268825100241","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B virus vaccination is currently recommended in Australia for adults at an increased risk of acquiring infection or at high risk of complications from infection. This retrospective cohort study used data from an Australian sentinel surveillance system to assess the proportion of individuals who had a recorded test that indicated being susceptible to hepatitis B infection in six priority populations, as well as the proportion who were then subsequently vaccinated within six months of being identified as susceptible. Priority populations included in this analysis were people born overseas in a hepatitis B endemic country, people living with HIV, people with a recent hepatitis C infection, gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men, people who have ever injected drugs, and sex workers. Results of the study found that in the overall cohort of 43,335 individuals, 14,140 (33%) were identified as susceptible to hepatitis B, and 5,255 (37%) were subsequently vaccinated. Between 26% and 33% of individuals from priority populations were identified as susceptible to hepatitis B infection, and the proportion of these subsequently vaccinated within six months was between 28% and 42% across the groups. These findings suggest further efforts are needed to increase the identification and subsequent vaccination of susceptible individuals among priority populations recommended for hepatitis B vaccination, including among people who are already engaged in hepatitis B care.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"153 ","pages":"e84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personalized Risk Score Prediction and Testing Policy Adaptations of a COVID-19 Population-based Contact Tracing Network. 基于COVID-19人群的接触者追踪网络的个性化风险评分预测与测试策略适应性

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825100319

Shushan Wu, Yan Feng, Huimin Cheng, Hui Huang, Yang Li, Feng Ling, Ping Ma, Wenxuan Zhong, Ye Shen

引用次数: 0

Antibiotic resistance among ICU patients during the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors: A retrospective study using electronic medical records in two Vietnamese hospitals. COVID-19大流行期间ICU患者抗生素耐药性及其相关因素：越南两家医院电子病历回顾性研究

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825100307

Dang-An Do, Minh-Duy Nguyen-Vu, Thi-Hang Nguyen, Dinh-Thanh-Son Le, Huy-Ngoc Nguyen, Duc-Nhu Dang

引用次数: 0

Detection of California Serogroup Orthobunyavirus antibodies and Inkoo virus RNA in patients, Finland. 芬兰患者加利福尼亚血清群正布尼亚病毒抗体和印库病毒RNA的检测。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825100289

Eveliina Ekström, Katariina Kaansalo, Maija T Suvanto, Mira Utriainen, Niina Putkuri, Olli Vapalahti, Hannimari Kallio-Kokko, Eili Huhtamo, Anne J Jääskeläinen

{"title":"Detection of California Serogroup Orthobunyavirus antibodies and Inkoo virus RNA in patients, Finland.","authors":"Eveliina Ekström, Katariina Kaansalo, Maija T Suvanto, Mira Utriainen, Niina Putkuri, Olli Vapalahti, Hannimari Kallio-Kokko, Eili Huhtamo, Anne J Jääskeläinen","doi":"10.1017/S0950268825100289","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268825100289","url":null,"abstract":"Mosquito-borne California serogroup orthobunyaviruses Inkoo (INKV) and Chatanga (CHATV) are known to be endemic in Finland with a high seroprevalence. We developed a novel multiplexed reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction method for discriminating between the INKV and CHATV. This assay was used along with traditional serological tests to study a set of summertime patients during the years 2021, 2023, and 2024 to assess the epidemiology and prevalence of acute INKV and CHATV infections in Finland. Altogether, 1470 samples were screened, and there were 16 patients who had an acute infection based on serological findings and/or nucleic acid test. The orthobunyavirus-IgG seroprevalences were 18% (2021), 20% (2023), and 30% (2024), being lower than that in studies from 20 years ago. Neutralization tests were carried out, and all but one acute case had more than four-fold higher titre to INVK vs. CHATV, indicating specificity to INKV infection. The results suggest that epidemiology has changed from previous studies, and INKV should be considered a causative agent of summertime infections in Finland. The symptom diversity in mild disease outcomes should be studied to guide orthobunyavirus recognition by clinicians. The use of molecular assay discriminating INKV and CHATV aids in understanding disease associations.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trend and forecast analysis of the changing disease burden of Tuberculosis in China, 1990-2021. 1990-2021年中国结核病疾病负担变化趋势及预测分析

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825100095

Shun-Xian Zhang, Jin-Xin Zheng, Yu Wang, Wen-Wen Lv, Jian Yang, Ji-Chun Wang, Zhen-Hui Lu

引用次数: 0

Excess respiratory, circulatory, neoplasm and other mortality rates during the Covid-19 pandemic in the EU and their implications. 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间欧盟呼吸系统、循环系统、肿瘤和其他疾病死亡率过高及其影响。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825100265

Gabrielle Elizabeth Kelly, Stefano Petti, Norman Noah

引用次数: 0

A large Cryptosporidium parvum outbreak associated with a lamb-feeding event at a commercial farm in South Wales, March-April 2024: a retrospective cohort study. 2024年3月至4月在南威尔士一个商业农场发生的与羔羊饲养事件相关的大型隐孢子虫小爆发：一项回顾性队列研究。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825100198

Gethin Jones, Joshua Matizanadzo, Andrew Nelson, Rachel M Chalmers, Daniel Rhys Thomas, Stuart Williams, Maria Pinch, Alison Sykes, Rhianwen Stiff, Chris Williams

{"title":"A large Cryptosporidium parvum outbreak associated with a lamb-feeding event at a commercial farm in South Wales, March-April 2024: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Gethin Jones, Joshua Matizanadzo, Andrew Nelson, Rachel M Chalmers, Daniel Rhys Thomas, Stuart Williams, Maria Pinch, Alison Sykes, Rhianwen Stiff, Chris Williams","doi":"10.1017/S0950268825100198","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268825100198","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptosporidium parvum is a well-established cause of gastrointestinal illness in both humans and animals and often causes outbreaks at animal contact events, despite the availability of a code of practice that provides guidance on the safe management of these events. We describe a large C. parvum outbreak following a lamb-feeding event at a commercial farm in Wales in 2024, alongside findings from a cohort study to identify high-risk exposures. Sixty-seven cases were identified, 57 were laboratory-confirmed C. parvum, with similar genotypes. Environmental investigations found a lack of adherence to established guidance. The cohort study identified 168 individuals with cryptosporidiosis-like illness from 540 exposure questionnaires (distributed via email to 790 lead bookers). Cases were more likely to have had closer contact with lambs (odds ratio (OR) kissed lambs = 2.4, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.2-4.8). A multivariable analysis found cases were more likely to be under 10 years (adjusted OR (aOR) = 4.5, 95% CI: 2.0-10.0) and have had visible faeces on their person (aOR = 3.6, 95% CI: 2.1-6.2). We provide evidence that close contact at lamb-feeding events presents an increased likelihood of illness, suggesting that farms should limit animal contact at these events and that revisions to established codes of practice may be necessary. Enhancing risk awareness among farmers and visitors is needed, particularly regarding children.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toxoplasma gondii infection risk among pregnant people and congenital toxoplasmosis incidence in Japan. 日本孕妇弓形虫感染风险及先天性弓形虫病发病率

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825100150

Ko Nakajo, Hiroshi Nishiura

{"title":"Toxoplasma gondii infection risk among pregnant people and congenital toxoplasmosis incidence in Japan.","authors":"Ko Nakajo, Hiroshi Nishiura","doi":"10.1017/S0950268825100150","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268825100150","url":null,"abstract":"Acute infection with Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant people can lead to vertical transmission to the foetus and congenital toxoplasmosis. As part of risk assessment, the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis among pregnant people must be quantitatively elucidated. Herein, we investigated the risk of primary T. gondii infection during pregnancy in Japan, estimating the incidence of T. gondii infection among pregnant people as well as that of congenital toxoplasmosis. We used a compartment model that captured the infection dynamics in pregnant people, analysing prescription data for spiramycin in Japan, together with local serological testing results and the screening rate of primary T. gondii infection during pregnancy. The nationwide risk of T. gondii infection pregnant people in Japan was estimated to be 0.016% per month. Among prefectures investigated, the risk estimate was highest in Tokyo with 0.030% per month. Nationally, the number of T. gondii infections among pregnant people in the years 2019, 2020, and 2021 was estimated to be 1507, 1440, and 1388 infections, respectively. The nationwide number of cases of congenital toxoplasmosis in each year was estimated at 613, 588, and 567 cases, respectively. Our study indicated that T. gondii infection continues to place a substantial burden on public health in Japan.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"153 ","pages":"e74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transmission pathways and risk factors for sporadic salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis: a source attribution meta-analysis of European case-control studies. 散发性沙门氏菌病和弯曲杆菌病的传播途径和危险因素：欧洲病例对照研究的来源归因荟萃分析

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/S095026882510023X

Lapo Mughini-Gras, Lena Wijnen, Sara M Pires, Elisa Benincà, Charlotte Onstwedder, Tine Hald, Eelco Franz, Axel Bonacic Marinovic

{"title":"Transmission pathways and risk factors for sporadic salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis: a source attribution meta-analysis of European case-control studies.","authors":"Lapo Mughini-Gras, Lena Wijnen, Sara M Pires, Elisa Benincà, Charlotte Onstwedder, Tine Hald, Eelco Franz, Axel Bonacic Marinovic","doi":"10.1017/S095026882510023X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S095026882510023X","url":null,"abstract":"Case-control studies can provide attribution estimates of the likely sources of zoonotic pathogens. We applied a meta-analytical model within a Bayesian estimation framework to pool population attributable fractions (PAFs) from European case-control studies of sporadic campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis. The input data were obtained from two existing systematic reviews, supplemented with additional literature searches, covering the period 2000-2021. In total, 12 studies on Campylobacter providing data for 180 PAFs referring to 5983 cases and 13213 controls, and five studies on Salmonella providing data for 75 PAFs referring to 2908 cases and 5913 controls, were included. All these studies were conducted in Western or Northern European countries. Both pathogens were estimated as being predominantly linked to food- and waterborne transmission, which explained nearly half of the cases, with Campylobacter being mainly attributable to poultry (meat), and Salmonella to poultry (eggs and meat) and pig (meat), as specific foodborne exposures. When also considering contact with animals, around 60% of cases could be explained by the larger group of zoonotic transmission pathways. While environmental transmission was also sizeable (around 10%), about a quarter of cases could be explained by factors such as travel, underlying diseases/medicine use, person-to-person transmission and occupational exposure.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal dynamics of dengue spread in Rio de Janeiro during epidemic periods. 登革热流行期间巴西巴西登革热传播的时空格局

IF 2.5 4区医学

Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268825100162

Bárbara Campos Silva Valente, Ana Paula Razal Dalvi, Guilherme Loureiro Werneck

{"title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics of dengue spread in Rio de Janeiro during epidemic periods.","authors":"Bárbara Campos Silva Valente, Ana Paula Razal Dalvi, Guilherme Loureiro Werneck","doi":"10.1017/S0950268825100162","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268825100162","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue, the most prevalent urban arbovirus in the world, has triggered recurrent epidemics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, since the 1980s. This study aimed to describe the spatial-temporal patterns of dengue spread during the epidemic years of 2002, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2024 in Rio de Janeiro. This is an ecological study using secondary data on notified confirmed dengue cases aggregated by neighbourhood. The incidence rates were estimated via the local empirical Bayes method. The local spatial autocorrelation indicators assessed incidence clusters, and the monthly geographic trajectory was outlined for each year. The results revealed changes in the spatial distribution of dengue over time, with clusters of high incidences predominating in the northern and central neighbourhoods in 2002 and 2008, and in the western zone in 2011, 2012, and 2013. In 2024, the distribution was predominant throughout the city, with emphasis in the central and western zones. The monthly geographic centre of dengue cases shifted from the west to the north during the peak of the epidemic. These results highlight the heterogeneous nature of dengue transmission in Rio de Janeiro. The incorporation of spatial and temporal analyses in epidemiological studies can enhance targeted and localized dengue control strategies.","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0