Epidemiology and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Space scan statistics to identify clusters of neonatal mortality associated with bacterial sepsis.","authors":"Daniela Testoni Costa-Nobre, Ana Sílvia Scavacini Marinonio, Milton Harumi Miyoshi, Adriana Sanudo, Kelsy Catherina Nemo Areco, Mandira Daripa Kawakami, Rita de Cássia Xavier Balda, Tulio Konstantyner, Carina Nunes Vieira E Oliveira, Paulo Bandiera-Paiva, Rosa Maria Vieira de Freitas, Monica La Porte Teixeira, Bernadette Waldvogel, Maria Fernanda de Almeida, Ruth Guinsburg, Carlos Roberto Veiga Kiffer","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824001663","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824001663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our study aim was to identify high-risk areas of neonatal mortality associated with bacterial sepsis in the state of São Paulo, Southeast Brazil. We used a population-based study applying retrospective spatial scan statistics with data extracted from birth certificates linked to death certificates. All live births from mothers residing in São Paulo State from 2004 to 2020 were included. Spatial analysis using the Poisson model was adopted to scan high-rate clusters of neonatal mortality associated with bacterial sepsis (WHO-ICD10 A32.7, A40, A41, P36, P37.2 in any line of the death certificate). We found a prevalence of neonatal death associated with bacterial sepsis of 2.3/1000 live births. Clusters of high neonatal mortality associated with bacterial sepsis were identified mainly in the southeast region of the state, with four of them appearing as cluster areas for all birth weight categories (<1500 g, 1500 to <2500 g and ≥ 2500 g). The spatial analysis according to the birth weight showed some overlapping in the detected clusters, suggesting shared risk factors that need to be explored. Our study highlights the ongoing challenge of neonatal sepsis in the most developed state of a middle-income country and the importance of employing statistical techniques, including spatial methods, for enhancing surveillance and intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"152 ","pages":"e169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lizards as sentinels for the distribution of <i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</i>.","authors":"Lucia Anettová, Vojtech Baláž, Radovan Coufal, Michal Horsák, Elena Izquierdo-Rodriguez, Anna Šipková, Pilar Foronda, David Modrý","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824000931","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824000931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rat lungworm <i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</i> is a zoonotic metastrongyloid nematode currently considered an emerging pathogen. Originating in Southeast Asia, this nematode has spread to tropical and subtropical parts of the world via its invasive rodent and gastropod hosts.On the island of Tenerife in the Canary archipelago, the <i>A. cantonensis</i> invasion was recognized more than a decade ago. The endemic lizard <i>Gallotia galloti</i> has been identified as a paratenic host of this nematode in the Canary Island ecosystem. Because this lizard species is the most abundant reptile in Tenerife, we tested its suitability as a possible sentinel for <i>A. cantonensis</i> presence. Lizards were captured alive in nine localities, spanning an environmental gradient across the island. Tail muscle tissue was obtained by provoked caudal autotomy and tested for the nematode infection by a species-specific qPCR. Infection intensities were assessed by detecting <i>A. cantonensis</i> DNA quantities based on a calibrated standard curve. Of the 129 samples tested, 31 were positive. The prevalence varied among localities, with the highest (63.6%) recorded in a humid laurel forest. Even though the prevalence in Valle San Lorenzo was the lowest, this is the first record of <i>A. cantonensis</i> from the arid south of Tenerife. Variation in prevalence at different localities was significantly and positively correlated with increasing vegetation cover and negatively correlated with seasonal variability of precipitation, as determined by Spearman correlation coefficients. Fisher's exact test was used to determine the variation in the prevalence of <i>A. cantonensis</i> among adult males, females, and juveniles and showed no significant difference. Also, there was no significant difference in infection intensity between males and females (as determined by GEE-g). We demonstrated that provoking caudal autotomy can be an effective non-lethal method of <i>A. cantonensis</i> mapping in island ecosystems with abundant lizard species, particularly those with a sharp climatic and vegetation gradient, from xeric to humid conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"152 ","pages":"e168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a nomogram for high antibody titre of COVID-19 convalescent plasma.","authors":"Shichun Wang, Jie Yan, Min Song, Zhenrui Xue, Zerong Wang, Ronghua Diao, Qi Liu, Qianying Ruan, Chunyan Yao","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824001638","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824001638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to develop a predictive tool for identifying individuals with high antibody titers crucial for recruiting COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) donors and to assess the quality and storage changes of CCP. A convenience sample of 110 plasma donors was recruited, of which 75 met the study criteria. Using univariate logistic regression and random forest, 6 significant factors were identified, leading to the development of a nomogram. Receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA) evaluated the nomogram's discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility. The nomogram indicated that females aged 18 to 26, blood type O, receiving 1 to 2 COVID-19 vaccine doses, experiencing 2 symptoms during infection, and donating plasma 41 to 150 days after symptom onset had higher likelihoods of high antibody titres. Nomogram's AUC was 0.853 with good calibration. DCA showed clinical benefit within 9% ~ 90% thresholds. CCP quality was qualified, with stable antibody titres over 6 months (<i>P</i> > 0.05). These findings highlight developing predictive tools to identify suitable CCP donors and emphasize the stability of CCP quality over time, suggesting its potential for long-term storage.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"152 ","pages":"e167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health insurance's contribution to reducing the financial burden of tuberculosis in Guizhou Province, China.","authors":"Rong Du, Xiaoxue Ma, Aiju Huang, Huijuan Chen, Xueli Guo, Jian Zhou, Jinlan Li, Weibing Wang, Qi Zhao","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824001316","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824001316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite global efforts to end tuberculosis (TB), the goal of preventing catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) due to TB remains unmet. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Guizhou Province, Southwest China. Data were collected from the Hospital Information System and a survey of TB patients who had completed standardized antituberculosis treatment between January and March 2021. Among the 2 283 participants, the average total expenditure and out-of-pocket expenditure were $1 506.6 (median = $760.5) and $683.6 (median = $437.8), respectively. Health insurance reimbursement reduced CHE by 16.8%, with a contribution rate of 24.9%, and the concentration index changed from -0.070 prereimbursement to -0.099 postreimbursement. However, the contribution of health insurance varied significantly across different economic strata, with contribution rates of 6.4% for the lowest economic group and 53.1% for the highest group. For patients from lower socioeconomic strata, health insurance contributed 10.7% to CHE in the prediagnostic phase and 23.5% during treatment. While social health insurance alleviated the financial burden for TB patients, it did not provide sufficient protection for those in lower economic strata or during the prediagnostic stage. This study underscores the need for more effective and equitable subsidy policies for TB patients .</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"152 ","pages":"e141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Receiving three doses of inactivated or mRNA COVID-19 vaccines was associated with lower odds of long COVID symptoms among people with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Hong Kong, China: a cross-sectional survey study.","authors":"Chen Zheng, Fuk-Yuen Yu, Paul Shing-Fong Chan, Fenghua Sun, Xiang-Ke Chen, Wendy Ya-Jun Huang, Stephen Heung-Sang Wong, Yuan Fang, Zixin Wang","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824001687","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824001687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High prevalence of long COVID symptoms has emerged as a significant public health concern. This study investigated the associations between three doses of COVID-19 vaccines and the presence of any and ≥3 types of long COVID symptoms among people with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Hong Kong, China. This is a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional online survey among Hong Kong adult residents conducted between June and August 2022. This analysis was based on a sub-sample of 1,542 participants with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during the fifth wave of COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong (December 2021 to April 2022). Among the participants, 40.9% and 16.1% self-reported having any and ≥3 types of long COVID symptoms, respectively. After adjusting for significant variables related to sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions and lifestyles, and SARS-CoV-2 infection, receiving at least three doses of COVID-19 vaccines was associated with lower odds of reporting any long COVID symptoms comparing to receiving two doses (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.54, 0.87, <i>P</i> = .002). Three doses of inactivated and mRNA vaccines had similar protective effects against long COVID symptoms. It is important to strengthen the coverage of COVID-19 vaccination booster doses, even in the post-pandemic era.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"152 ","pages":"e166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-provincial outbreak of <i>Salmonella</i> Newport infections associated with red onions: A report of the largest <i>Salmonella</i> outbreak in Canada in over 20 years - Corrigendum.","authors":"Leann Denich, Joyce M Cheng, Courtney R Smith, Marsha Taylor, Robin Atkinson, Eva Boyd, Linda Chui, Lance Honish, Leah Isaac, Ashley Kearney, Jennifer J Liang, Victor Mah, Anna J W Manore, Zachary D McCormic, Cynthia Misfeldt, Celine Nadon, Kane Patel, Davendra Sharma, Alexander Todd, April Hexemer","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824001614","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824001614","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"152 ","pages":"e163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of ambient temperature and precipitation with infections from five food-borne bacterial pathogens - CORRIGENDUM.","authors":"Naveen Manchal, Megan K Young, Maria Eugenia Castellanos, Peter Leggat, Oyelola Adegboye","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824001742","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824001742","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"152 ","pages":"e164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness and acceptance of human papillomavirus vaccine in the Middle East: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of 159 studies.","authors":"Bugra Taygun Gulle, Pinar Kiran, Saadet Goksu Celik, Zeynep Sedef Varol, Neslisah Siyve, Ahmet Naci Emecen, Hilal Duzel","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824001596","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824001596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cervical cancer, closely linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, is a major global health concern. Our study aims to fill the gap in understanding HPV vaccine awareness and acceptance in the Middle East, where national immunization programs are often lacking and cultural perceptions hinder acceptance. This systematic review and meta-analysis adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive literature search across several databases was conducted on 5 September 2023. We included quantitative studies on HPV vaccine awareness and acceptance in Middle Eastern countries. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by multiple reviewers to ensure accuracy. Statistical analyses, including subgroup analyses, were performed using R to calculate pooled estimates, assess heterogeneity, and publication bias. We reviewed 159 articles from 15 Middle Eastern countries, focusing on 93,730 participants, predominantly female and healthcare workers. HPV vaccine awareness was found to be 41.7% (95% CI 37.4%-46.1%), with higher awareness among healthcare workers. The pooled acceptance rate was 45.6% (95% CI 41.3%-50.1%), with similar rates between healthcare and non-healthcare workers. Our study highlights the critical need for increased HPV vaccine awareness and acceptance in the Middle East, emphasizing the importance of integrating the vaccine into national immunization programs and addressing cultural and religious factors to improve public health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"152 ","pages":"e165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimated reduction in human salmonellosis incidence in Canada from a new government requirement to reduce <i>Salmonella</i> in frozen breaded chicken products.","authors":"Suman Kanoatova, Matt Hurst, Brendan Dougherty, Danielle Dumoulin, Hailey M Silver, Lisa O'Neill, Andrea Nesbitt","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824001602","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824001602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nontyphoidal <i>Salmonella enterica</i> infections are a leading cause of enteric disease in Canada, most commonly associated with foodborne exposures. Raw frozen breaded chicken products (FBCP) have been implicated in 16 <i>Salmonella</i> outbreaks between 2017 and 2019. This study quantified the impact of the 1 April 2019 requirement by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for manufacturers to reduce <i>Salmonella</i> in raw FBCP. An intervention study approach utilizing the pre-post intervention data with a comparison group methodology was used to: (1) estimate the reduction in FBCP <i>Salmonella</i> prevalence using retail meat FoodNet Canada data; (2) estimate the reduction in the human salmonellosis incidence rate using data from the Canadian National Enteric Surveillance Program; and (3) estimate the proportion of reported cases attributed to FBCP if the human exposure to <i>Salmonella</i> through FBCP was completely eliminated. The FBCP <i>Salmonella</i> prevalence decreased from 28% observed before 1 April 2019 to 2.9% after the requirement implementation. The CFIA requirement was estimated to reduce the human salmonellosis incidence rate by 23%. An estimated 26% of cases during the pre-intervention period can be attributed to FBCP. The CFIA requirement was successful at significantly reducing <i>Salmonella</i> prevalence in retail FBCP, and at reducing salmonellosis burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"152 ","pages":"e162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measles and rubella seroprevalence in adults using residual blood samples from health facilities and household serosurveys in Palghar District, Maharashtra, India, 2018 - 2019.","authors":"Christine Prosperi, Alvira Z Hasan, Amy K Winter, Itta Krishna Chaaithanya, Neha R Salvi, Sanjay L Chauhan, Ragini N Kulkarni, Abhishek Lachyan, Poonam Gawali, Mitali Kapoor, Vaishali Bhatt, Ojas Kaduskar, Gururaj Rao Deshpande, Ignacio Esteban, Sabarinathan Ramasamy, Velusamy Saravana Kumar, Shaun A Truelove, Muthusamy Santhosh Kumar, Jeromie W Vivian Thangaraj, Lucky Sangal, Sanjay M Mehendale, Gajanan N Sapkal, Nivedita Gupta, Kyla Hayford, William J Moss, Manoj V Murhekar","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824001389","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824001389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Residual blood specimens collected at health facilities may be a source of samples for serosurveys of adults, a population often neglected in community-based serosurveys. Anonymized residual blood specimens were collected from individuals 15 - 49 years of age attending two sub-district hospitals in Palghar District, Maharashtra, from November 2018 to March 2019. Specimens also were collected from women 15 - 49 years of age enrolled in a cross-sectional, community-based serosurvey representative at the district level that was conducted 2 - 7 months after the residual specimen collection. Specimens were tested for IgG antibodies to measles and rubella viruses. Measles and rubella seroprevalence estimates using facility-based specimens were 99% and 92%, respectively, with men having significantly lower rubella seropositivity than women. Age-specific measles and rubella seroprevalence estimates were similar between the two specimen sources. Although measles seropositivity was slightly higher among adults attending the facilities, both facility and community measles seroprevalence estimates were 95% or higher. The similarity in measles and rubella seroprevalence estimates between the community-based and facility serosurveys highlights the potential value of residual specimens to approximate community seroprevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":"152 ","pages":"e161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}