Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management最新文献

{"title":"Nano-Chitosan coated sand: A sustainable superadsorbent for removal of heavy metals and dye particles from industrial effluents","authors":"Md. Nuruzzaman,&nbsp;Md. Ibrahim H. Mondal","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nano-chitosan-coated sand adsorbent was prepared by coating chitosan nanoparticles onto treated Padma River sand. CNPs were produced through the application of ionotropic gelation methodology. The effects of parameters such as pHs, adsorbent dosages, contact times, initial dye concentrations, and temperatures were examined on the maximum adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacities of brilliant green, methylene blue, reactive brown dyes, chromium, and nickel heavy metal ions by NCCS were observed at a temperature of 318 K, which were 5.001 mg/g, 8.012 mg/g, 6.386 mg/g, 48.387 mg/g, and 24.258 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption process conformed to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, indicating that the adsorption was monolayer. The adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic across the temperature ranges. As the reaction kinetics analysis indicated, the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption capacity of NCCS is exceptionally high, allowing for the effective capture and removal of a diverse array of heavy metals and dyes from aqueous solutions, consequently contributing to the advancement of environmental remediation and pollution abatement initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101076"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity analysis and degradation studies of chlorpyrifos in agricultural wastewater using magnesium ferrite-gelatin nanocomposites","authors":"Adhithya S ,&nbsp;K.P. Anupama Raj ,&nbsp;Asha Sathish ,&nbsp;K. Nithya","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In addressing the pressing environmental challenge of Chlorpyrifos (CPF) contamination in agricultural wastewater, we successfully synthesized a novel organic/inorganic bio-adsorbent known as Magnesium-Ferrite Gelatin (MFGEL) nanocomposites using a co-precipitation method. To thoroughly investigate this issue, we collected agricultural wastewater from various locations near Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, and employed the QuEChERS method followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Our results confirmed that CPF concentrations exceeded the permissible limits established by the EU and USEPA. From our calibration curve, we determined the limit of detection (LOD) to be 0.0225 mg/L and the limit of quantification (LOQ) to be 0.0683 mg/L, demonstrating the sensitivity of our method. Batch studies on the MFGEL nanocomposites revealed a removal efficiency of 99 % for CPF under optimized conditions. Elemental analysis using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) provided clear evidence of effective CPF adsorption, identifying the presence of chlorine, phosphorus, and sulfur within the MFGEL structure. Our characterization studies showed a significant reduction in crystallinity, confirming the formation of an amorphous structure due to gelatin’s interference in MFGEL. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis displayed a rough and highly porous surface with irregular shapes, highlighting the effectiveness of the adsorption process. Furthermore, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis indicated that MFGEL possesses a mesoporous structure with a surface area of 30.652 m2/g. The results from Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy analyses further revealed that gelatin in MFGEL introduces functional groups (such as O–H, N–H, and amide groups) that significantly enhance interaction with CPF. In addition, the ferrite component facilitates additional binding through surface complexation. Our reusability studies demonstrate that MFGEL maintains outstanding performance, retaining an adsorption efficiency of 98.7 % to 87 % and a regeneration efficiency of 96 % to 81 % over five cycles. This emphasizes the remarkable effectiveness and robustness of the MFGEL nanocomposite for CPF remediation in agricultural wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis approach on fabrication of TiO2 nanoparticle using peel extract of Baccaurea racemosa for photocatalytic degradation of Acid Red-185","authors":"Deliza ,&nbsp;Sri Lungguh Rahayu ,&nbsp;Agus Rimus Liandi ,&nbsp;Reza Audina Putri ,&nbsp;Safni Safni","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When it comes to fabricating metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), green synthesis stands out as a dependable, sustainable, eco-friendly, and remarkable substitute for the more effective and classical chemical processes. This study prepared and investigated green synthesis on fabrication of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) utilizing peel extract of <em>Baccaurea racemosa</em> and evaluated its photocatalytic activity. The XRD patterns demonstrated the highly crystalline structure of anatase TiO₂ with nanocrystallite size obtained about 8 nm. FESEM image confirmed spherical-shaped of TiO₂ with nanosized about 32 nm and showed that prepared TiO₂ was a stable particle from zeta potential data. The phytochemical components in the peel extract were in responsibility of the capping and reducing agents in the production of TiO₂, as indicated by the FTIR spectra. This study showed that <em>Baccaurea racemosa</em> waste may be a viable reducing and capping agent in synthesis of TiO₂-NPs. Furthermore, the prepared TiO₂ exhibited high photocatalytic activity and 99 % degraded the Acid Red-185 dye which fitted pseudo first order kinetics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Butachlor contamination in surface water and sediment: Assessing human health, ecological risks, and environmental implications of the Bontanga irrigation scheme in the Northern region of Ghana","authors":"Mohammed Alhassan,&nbsp;Gerheart Winfred Ashong,&nbsp;Boansi Adu Ababio,&nbsp;Edward Ebow Kwaansa–Ansah","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Bontanga Irrigation Scheme in Ghana’s Kumbungu District, vital for local agriculture, faces significant ecological and health risks from Butachlor, an herbicide used in rice plantations. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of surface water, measure Butachlor concentrations in surface water and sediment, assess ecological risks, and estimate human health effects. A total of 100 water samples, 50 sediment samples were collected, and 50 farmers were interviewed about pesticide use. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, temperature, and turbidity were measured using standard analytical methods. Butachlor levels in surface water and sediment were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Results indicated that all physicochemical parameters in the water samples were within WHO limits. However, Butachlor concentrations ranged from 4.74 µg/L to 118.85 µg/L, exceeding the EFSA threshold of 0.5 µg/L, while sediment samples were below the detection limit of 0.01 mg/L. The toxic unit (TU) method revealed a medium acute risk to algae (0.28) and fish (0.13) and a low acute risk to aquatic invertebrates (0.02). The risk quotient (RQ) method indicated a high chronic risk to aquatic biota in surface water, though the non-carcinogenic health risk (HQ) to humans was minimal (HQ &lt; 1). Butachlor residues may pose significant health risks, including neurological, respiratory, and reproductive disorders. This study recommends implementing Integrated Pesticide Management policies, developing pest-resistant plant species, proper disposal of pesticide containers, and educating farmers on pesticide usage. Future research should focus on Butachlor’s long-term effects on aquatic biota, alternative pest control strategies, and measures to reduce residues, protecting both wildlife and human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of post-synthetic modified Fe (III)-based metal organic framework for the electrochemical detection of 4-amino phenol","authors":"Diksha ,&nbsp;Anjali ,&nbsp;Anu Prathap M. Udayan ,&nbsp;Balwinder Kaur ,&nbsp;Anita Gupta ,&nbsp;Megha ,&nbsp;Veeranna Yempally ,&nbsp;Harminder Kaur","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>4-Aminophenol (4-AP) is an aromatic compound with reactive hydroxyl and amino groups. It is widely used in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and polymer stabilizers but poses significant environmental and health hazards. Therefore, developing a reliable method for the detection of trace amounts of 4-AP is crucial. This study focuses on the fabrication of a cost-effective electrochemical sensor for 4-AP based on the post-synthetic modification of Fe-MIL-101-NH₂. The sensor demonstrated a linear detection range of 0.5–400 µM with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.12 µM and a sensitivity value of 0.29 µA/µM/cm² under optimized conditions. The synergistic effect of Fe-MIL-101-NH₂, the Schiff base, and nickel enhances its electronic properties, including reduced band gap energy, lower charge transfer resistance, and improved conductivity, leading to superior redox behavior of 4-AP. Key features of the sensor include high sensitivity, favorable selectivity, outstanding stability, and excellent reusability. It exhibits minimal interference from common organic and inorganic species, making it suitable for real-world applications. The use of earth-abundant materials further underscores its cost-effectiveness and environmental sustainability. The sensor has been applied in detecting 4-AP in tap water and paracetamol samples and achieved positive results further demonstrating its practicality for real-world applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance by design of TiO2 nanostructured granules exploitable in water remediation applications","authors":"Maurizio Vespignani ,&nbsp;Ilaria Zanoni ,&nbsp;Simona Ortelli ,&nbsp;Magda Blosi ,&nbsp;Chiara Artusi ,&nbsp;Andreana Piancastelli ,&nbsp;Cesare Melandri ,&nbsp;Irini Furxhi ,&nbsp;Anna Luisa Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of advanced materials through safe and sustainable methods has become a priority in the field of material science. This study addresses this need by exploring how different design options affect the performance of nano-TiO₂ granulated powders exploitable in water remediation applications. The high-shear wet granulation (HSWG) process parameters have been investigated to produce nanostructured powders that are easy to handle, disperse, and remove from liquids, while preserving their ability to adsorb and photodegrade water pollutants or encapsulate and stabilize active ingredients. We systematically examined a range of key variables, including liquid-to-solid ratio, granulation time, and impeller speed, which were identified as the primary factors affecting the size population. The percentage of the &gt; 1000 µm granules fraction reached 100 % by increasing the liquid-to-solid ratio up to 0.6 g_water/g_powder, while an increase in granulation time and impeller speed caused a reduction of the largest fraction by approximately 30 % and 20 %, respectively. Additionally, we investigated the addition of different binder agents, followed by calcination at 600 °C. We found a correlation between tapped density, open porosity, swelling ratio and compressive strength. Maltodextrin (MD) improved the degree of compaction resulting in the highest compressive strength (9.5 ± 0.2 MPa) and lowest release of titanium when redispersed in water, whilst micro acryl emulsion (MA) improved the sample porosity (80.6 ± 0.5 %) and its capacity to adsorb water (swelling ratio. The pro-oxidative potential of the granules was evaluated using an •OH radical sensitive probe. TiO₂-based granules showed a reactivity comparable to TiO₂ pristine nanopowders, consuming approximately 98 % of RNO after 4 h.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentially toxic elements and geochemical signatures in sediments and soils from Biritiba-Mirim reservoir, Brazil","authors":"Pedro do Nascimento Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Sandra Regina Damatto ,&nbsp;Thiago Costa Silva ,&nbsp;Lúcio Leonardo ,&nbsp;Lucilena Rebelo Monteiro ,&nbsp;Marcos Antônio Scapin ,&nbsp;Marycel Elena Barboza Cotrim","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated potentially toxic elements (PTEs) – V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Sb, and Co – in sediment cores and surface soils from the Biritiba-Mirim reservoir in Brazil. The study investigated the influence of nearby soil on the sediments in the reservoir, the accumulation of PTEs in the sediment core layers, and enrichment factors from anthropogenic or natural sources. The methodology focused on the geochemical and physico-chemical characteristics of soils and sediment. The results compose a database with regional interest in the environmental quality of a relevant water supply system for Brazil’s most populous city, as well as to international researchers studying the geochemistry of trace elements in dam reservoir environments. The mean PTEs concentrations, in mg/kg, found in soils and sediments, respectively, were V (116 | 214), Cr (32.7 | 52.8), Ni (7.9 | 13.9), Cu (58 | 65), Zn (61 | 57), Pb (69 | 74), As (5.6 | 25.7), Sb (0.39 | 0.90), and Co (1.97 | 3.40). The study hypothesized arsenic enrichment near sediment core transition zones, with positive correlations between As with Sediment Erosion Flux (SEF), indicating the impact of reservoir flooding on the sediment quality. Signatures of chemical correlation were found between reservoir sediments and catchment soils, which presented signs of copper and lead enhanced by anthropogenic release.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monte Carlo simulation for human health risk assessment of groundwater contaminated with arsenic at an Iranian semi-arid region","authors":"Ali Mantashloo ,&nbsp;Reza Shokoohi ,&nbsp;Zahra Torkshavand ,&nbsp;Ebrahim Chavoshi ,&nbsp;Salman Khazaei ,&nbsp;Mohammad Khazaei ,&nbsp;Amir shabanloo","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigated the contamination of drinking water with arsenic and its human health risk assessment in Qorveh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. The data of this study were collected and analyzed in the wet and dry seasons and from a total of 56 groundwater samples. This study used two deterministic and stochastic approaches to evaluate carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk. Monte Carlo simulation, which is based on the Markov chain approach, was used for risk assessment. The examination of heavy metals As, B, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, V, and Zn in the water samples reveals that except for the arsenic, the insignificant concentration of the abovementioned metals was found, consequently, the health risk studies were conducted focusing on the arsenic contamination. Data analysis revealed the average concentration of arsenic in the dry and wet seasons to be 14.93 ± 17.67 and 13.79 ± 16.57 μg/L, respectively. Furthermore, beyond 39 % and 35 % of the area of Qorveh County rely on groundwater sources having the arsenic contents more than the permissible level (10 µg/L) in dry and wet seasons, respectively. The Monte Carlo simulation output clearly showed that the HQ values ​​for the 95th percentile in the dry season were 3.58 and 2.03 for the age groups of children and adults, respectively. In other words, the non-carcinogenic risk for children is almost twice that of adults. All carcinogenic risk values was reported more than the acceptable threshold, typically set at 1 × 10⁻⁶ (or 1 in a million) by EPA. The sensitivity analysis of the contribution of arsenic concentration, duration of exposure, and rate of ingestion showed 89.5 %, 5.7 %, and 4.6 %, respectively, which indicates the major effect of arsenic concentration. The findings of this study provide an environmental alert to inform policy and attract appropriate financial resources for the management of drinking water sources containing arsenic in these areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101069"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle based antigen detection of norovirus in human faecal samples: A proof-of-concept study","authors":"Rishi Pandey ,&nbsp;Pradip Gyawali ,&nbsp;Mark A.T. Blaskovich ,&nbsp;Sanjaya K.C.","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunocapture assays that are fast, affordable, and can be utilised as on-site sensors for detecting pathogens or their biomarkers hold great value for ensuring public health and food safety. As proof of concept, a magnetic immunocapture assay was developed to detect norovirus. Acommercially available monoclonal antibody capable of capturing both norovirus genogroup I and II (GI and GII) was conjugated to the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for capture and sequestration of norovirus GI and GII under laboratory conditions. The capability of the functionalised MNPs to capture norovirus from the faecal extract was determined by reverse transcription-qPCR. The capture efficiency of MNPs was &gt;90 % for both genogroups of noroviruses. To complement the magnetic capture and enable rapid detection and genogroup identification, two different monoclonal antibodies specific to genogroups GI and GII were conjugated onto a fluorescent nanoparticle surface, and then used to quantify captured norovirus in a ‘sandwich’ assay. Replicate faecal extract suspensions containing 10³ gene copies of norovirus GI and GII per µL were tested with the magnetic capture-fluorescence detection assay platform, with quantification of fluorescent intensity. The fluorescent particle assay for the detection of the biomarkers matched the sensitivity of qPCR. This method doesn’t require any sample preparation steps like nucleic acid extraction and can be easily converted into a rapid point of need detection system. This dual nanoparticle system holds promise as an inexpensive and reliable analytical tool for classical qualitative immunoassays that are prone to false positives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radioactivity in surface soil and water around the Valliyaru river","authors":"Vinod Kumar K.P. ,&nbsp;Kumar A. ,&nbsp;Karthik B.","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gross alpha and beta radiations for the samples of soil and water collected from the Valliyaru river in southern India were determined. Alpha radiation counting system, RC 605A for measuring gross alpha values was employed that revealed a maximum value of 0.843 Bq/L and 12491 Bq/Kg in water and soil respectively. Beta counting system, BCS 36A had given a maximum value of 0.32 Bq/L and 58594 Bq/Kg for water and soil respectively. Gamma determination was detected by IdentiFINDER-X that showed a maximum value of 3.78 µSv/h. These high values pertaining to radiations were prevailing only at Kadiapattanam village in Tamil Nadu, India, where the river confluences with the sea. Cluster analysis and the hierarchical dendrogram identify two distinct groups of radioactivity within the dataset: one near the sea and the other along various sites along the course of the Valliyaru River. Heat map analysis revealed that radioactivity of water and soil are correlated positively. One-way Anova results reflected that the radioactivity values are statistically different for soil and water. Annual effective doses (AED) and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were also computed that reflected safe levels at sites other than Kadiapattanam. The investigation revealed that upstream sites are within safe limits, whereas at the place of confluence with the sea, radioactivity values exceed beyond permissible limits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}