Energy and Buildings最新文献

{"title":"Radiative cooling improvement by retro-reflective materials","authors":"Federico Rossi ,&nbsp;Alessia Di Giuseppe ,&nbsp;Abdul Rehman Soomro ,&nbsp;Andrea Nicolini ,&nbsp;Mirko Filipponi ,&nbsp;Beatrice Castellani","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cool materials are essential for reducing energy demand in buildings and for mitigating the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. Their effectiveness relies on two primary physical properties: the ability to reflect solar energy and the capacity to emit infrared radiation, both of which are especially beneficial on horizontal surfaces like roofs and pavements. However, vertical surfaces, such as façades, also play a significant role in urban thermal balance. Conventional materials often underperform on these surfaces due to non-directional properties. This study measures the emissivity of Retro-Reflective (RR) materials, investigating their behaviour in the thermal infrared range. Results show that emissivity depends just on the superficial temperature and there are no angular variations. Therefore, RR materials have a directional behaviour only in the reflected radiation and not in the emitted one. Since emissivity is one of the parameters used in the calculation of the Cooling Power Potential (CPP), a critical knowledge gap regarding the CPP of RR coatings at varying orientations was found in literature. To address this limitation, an original measurement campaign was conducted, where several kinds of RR materials were realized by varying the size and density of embedded glass beads. RR materials significantly enhance CPP compared to conventional diffusive surfaces. At a typical façade temperature of 55 °C, RR materials increased CPP by an average of 20 %, demonstrating their superior cooling capability. Further research should focus on the long-term durability and environmental impact of RR materials to ensure their effectiveness over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 115597"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-phase change materials based on stearin of sheep tail-fats loaded with nanoparticles: Melting performance analysis in rectangular cavity as a sustainable building envelopes","authors":"Abdulmunem R. Abdulmunem ,&nbsp;Izhari Izmi Mazali ,&nbsp;Pakharuddin Mohd Samin ,&nbsp;Kamaruzzaman Sopian ,&nbsp;Habibah Ghazali","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applying bio-based phase change materials (BPCM) using environmentally acceptable resources as an alternative to petroleum-based phase change materials (PCM) in buildings presents an opportunity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to almost zero, besides decreasing energy consumption in achieving thermal comfort in a building. Thus, this research aims to investigate numerically and experimentally the melting behavior of stearin of sheep tail-fats (SSTF) as the BPCM in a rectangular cavity acting as the sustainable building envelope, as well as the effects of carbon nanotube (CNT) additives on the SSTF melting behaviors. The results suggest that the convection heat transfer mechanism plays an important role in the heat transfer within the SSTF envelope due to its poor thermal conductivity. This leads to the non-uniform melting progress inside the container. The inclusion of 0.03% CNT in the SSTF leads to a slight increase in the thermal conductivity of the SSTF composite because of the high number of the CNTs’ tangled tube bundles inside the SSTF. When compared to the SSTF without the CNT, it quickens the melting process and the melted SSTF’s velocity (the convection strength) by about 11% and 8.7%, respectively. Not only that, it also enhances the heat transfer and the thermal storage rate by about 13.7% and 7.5% respectively. Therefore, this research concludes that the SSTF with CNT as the additive offers a potential to be the effective passive TES envelopes for the building walls that leads to a potential application in the low-carbon thermal comfort control of buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 115612"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hygrothermal analysis of external walls with hemp wool and phase change materials insulation in Mediterranean climate: A case study of Tetouan, Morocco","authors":"Salma Kouzzi ,&nbsp;Sara El Hassani ,&nbsp;Souad Morsli ,&nbsp;Mohammed El Ganaoui ,&nbsp;Mohammed lhassane Lahlaouti","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy-efficient wall systems are vital for sustainable construction, especially in humid Mediterranean climates. This study assesses the thermal and hygrothermal performance of four double hollow brick wall assemblies incorporating various insulation materials: air gaps, hemp wool, and phase change materials (PCMs) combined with hemp wool. Simulations were conducted using WUFI Pro software to analyze heat and moisture transfer under the Mediterranean climate of Tetouan, Morocco. The results reveal that the configuration with PCM placed before hemp wool delivers optimal performance. This setup achieves a thermal transmittance (U-value) of 0.38 W/m²·K, representing a reduction of 47 % compared to regulatory maximum standards. This configuration also demonstrates effective moisture control, keeping the hemp wool moisture content below the critical threshold of 18 % throughout the entire simulation period, thus preventing condensation and mold growth. In contrast, the air gap configuration failed to meet thermal standards and showed increased risks of mold growth. The PCM placed after hemp wool, while achieving a favorable U-value (0.38 W/m²·K), led to significant condensation at the critical interfaces with hemp wool. The highest mold growth was recorded at the right interface near the indoor environment (1632 mm), compromising long-term hygrothermal stability. These findings emphasize the importance of optimizing PCM placement and highlight the synergistic effects of combining PCM with hemp wool to enhance energy efficiency and indoor comfort. This study underscores the potential of such sustainable insulation systems in reducing energy demand while ensuring hygrothermal stability in humid Mediterranean buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 115602"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-driven hybrid cooling system for enhanced energy efficiency in multi-unit residential buildings","authors":"Mehran Bozorgi,&nbsp;Syeda Humaira Tasnim,&nbsp;Shohel Mahmud","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising demand for energy-efficient cooling systems in Multi-Unit Residential Buildings (MURBs) presents a challenge, as traditional centralized systems often lead to excessive energy consumption, especially during peak demand periods. Addressing this issue requires innovative solutions that can reduce both the size of the central system and overall energy use, while still maintaining thermal comfort for occupants. This study proposes a novel hybrid cooling system that combines a central cooling system with localized thermoelectric coolers. A key innovation in this research is the use of a Machine Learning (ML) model to predict real-time cooling loads based on factors such as temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and occupancy. The system was evaluated through simulations conducted for a 40-unit MURB in Toronto, Canada, over the summer months. System components included solar evacuated tube collectors, absorption chillers, phase change material storage, and thermoelectric coolers. Cooling load analysis revealed that the building operates near peak capacity for less than 10 % of the time, underscoring the potential for hybrid system optimization. A Machine Learning model was developed to control the operation of the thermoelectric coolers, achieving a high R-squared value (R² = 0.9937) and a SMAPE of 15.87 %, ensuring accurate cooling load predictions. Results showed that both the central and hybrid systems provided acceptable thermal comfort, with PMV and PPD values within acceptable ranges. However, the hybrid system demonstrated higher energy efficiency, achieving a COP of 1.36 compared to 1.28 for the central system. These findings establish the hybrid cooling system, integrated with ML-based control, as a viable and sustainable solution for reducing energy consumption and enhancing cooling performance in residential buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 115613"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of photovoltaic thermal performance using air jet impingement as cooling system with varying jet diameters and phase change material","authors":"Mays N. Shaeli ,&nbsp;Jalal M. Jalil ,&nbsp;Mounir Baccar","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the most important factors affecting the electrical and thermal efficiency of Photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) is the rise in their temperature due to sunlight. In this study, the experimental effect of jet cooling on solar cells with different diameters and with phase change material (PCM) as an energy storage source was investigated. Two jet diameters (5 and 8 mm) were used to test the PV cell temperature. The goal is to maximize the cooling and optimize the high efficiency of the PV panel and to achieve a hotter air outflow. The 8 mm hole diameter jet appears to be the better choice, especially during peak hours of solar irradiance. The result shows an enhancement in electrical conversion efficiency in case 8 mm, achieving a 9.4 % improvement compared with the case without jet and PCM. The thermal efficiency of diameter 8 mm is higher and it reaching to a 5 % improvement comparison in case 5 mm diameter. The experimental results were favorable when compared to the theoretical results obtained using numerical solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 115596"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal and electric multidomain dynamic model for integration of power grid distribution with behind-the-meter devices","authors":"Jian Sun ,&nbsp;Yanfei Li ,&nbsp;Jamie Lian ,&nbsp;Yuan Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Du","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As renewable energy sources like solar and wind power become more integrated into the grid, coordinated control of behind-the-meter devices is crucial for enhancing grid flexibility and reliability and for meeting cost targets, with standardized models being developed to support this transition. The increasing flexibility and uncertainty of integrated renewable energy grids, along with interactions between various subsystems, make traditional steady-state modeling insufficient to capture transient and dynamic behaviors. Current models (e.g., composite load and battery equivalent models) focus on thermodynamic or electrical characteristics but overlook critical electromechanical interactions. This limits the ability to share performance information for grid services and hampers fast dynamic simulations. In addition, motor stalling is usually triggered by a fault event and attributed to the characteristics of the mechanical torque of the motor, resulting in absorption of a large amount of reactive power during the stalling period. This significant withdrawal of reactive power will deteriorate the dynamic voltage stability of power grids and cause delayed voltage recovery [<span><span>1</span></span>]. Therefore, an in-depth modeling of the thermodynamics or mechanical torque is essential to study the impacts of the realistic torque characteristics of those behind-the-meter devices on power system voltage stability. This study developed a dynamic multidomain model for building HVAC systems, such as air-source heat pumps, to simulate their thermal and electrical responses to grid transients. The model can accurately predict power metrics with a mean absolute percentage error of 10 %, by validating against with power system computer-aided design performance data. Case studies demonstrate the model capability of capturing the transient response to sudden voltage changes, rapid load fluctuations, and system shutdowns respectively. During a sudden voltage drop (30 % for 0.1 s), a fully loaded heat pump’s motor speed dropped, continued declining, and shut down after 3.6 s, with severe power oscillations and a torque spike. A partially loaded unit experienced temporary oscillations but stabilized. Under higher building loads, compressor speed increased from 64 % to 100 %, with power and torque rising before stabilizing. In safety-triggered shutdowns, power decreased after minor fluctuations, and torque briefly spiked before dropping to zero.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 115606"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of aggregation method for fault detection and diagnostics in HVAC systems","authors":"Woohyun Kim ,&nbsp;Srinivas Katipamula ,&nbsp;Robert G Lutes","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes the development, demonstration, and evaluation of a fault detection and diagnostics (FDD) system that integrates a fault aggregation methodology. Many FDD systems provide actionable information based on individual events, which sometimes results in misleading information going to the building operators. The primary aim of this work was to enhance diagnostics at the component and subsystem levels by leveraging statistical analysis to inform better decision-making in building operations. Although similar methods have been used in other fields, they have not been used in the buildings field. The proposed fault aggregation method uses rules from engineering principles, analyzing independent diagnostic results through the binomial probability distribution function to calculate detection probabilities with adjustable sensitivity thresholds. By aggregating fault detections over daily, weekly, or monthly periods, the system provides a comprehensive and user-friendly approach for building operators to manage real and false alarms effectively. This significantly reduces alarm overload and enhances confidence in FDD applications. The annual aggregation results of the economizer diagnostics for five rooftop units and 19 air-handling units (AHUs) with variable-air-volume boxes across seven different buildings showed 79% with one or more faults. The results showed 67% of AHUs having at least one fault and 58% having multiple airside faults. Furthermore, the paper suggests incorporating economic evaluation techniques to balance service costs with fault impacts, ultimately optimizing FDD systems for improved operational efficiency and economic returns. The findings underscore the potential for more robust FDD performance measurement beyond basic alarms or actionable information, highlighting areas for future research and development in FDD aggregation capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 115593"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in data-driven thermal comfort analysis and modeling","authors":"Ana Čulić ,&nbsp;Sandro Nižetić ,&nbsp;Jelena Čulić Gambiroža ,&nbsp;Petar Šolić","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal comfort modeling has become increasingly reliant on data-driven approaches, utilizing the potential of machine learning algorithms to predict and improve indoor environmental quality. This paper provides a comprehensive review of methodologies and approaches employed in thermal comfort research, focusing on input variables, output predictions, applied algorithms, and performance evaluation metrics. The study systematically analyzes key environmental inputs, i.e. air temperature, mean radiant temperature, air velocity, and relative air humidity, along with physiological inputs including heart rate and skin temperature which are used to predict thermal comfort indicators, i.e. Thermal Comfort (TC), Thermal Preference (TP), Thermal Sensation (TS) and Predicted Mean Vote (PMV). A variety of machine learning algorithms, such as Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Artificial Neural Networks, K-Nearest Neighbors have been applied in both regression and classification tasks. The assessment of thermal comfort models developed through the literature was carried out using common performance metrics; Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F1-score. The most common algorithms and performance metrics were considered from the reviewed papers and the best results are presented within the herein presented work reflecting the complexity of predicting personal thermal comfort. The paper also highlights the importance of dataset diversity, analyzing data sources from multiple geographical regions, including Europe, North America, and Asia. Finally, the future direction for thermal comfort modeling is discussed, emphasizing the need for developing a framework that can support the widespread application of thermal comfort models in energy-efficient building management systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 115599"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Load reduction by a demand response enhanced chilled water distributor for centralized air-conditioning systems in commercial building","authors":"Xiuying Yan ,&nbsp;Xiaoxue Wu ,&nbsp;Xingxing Ji ,&nbsp;Qinglong Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the increasing energy demands and environmental concerns, strategies for managing peak electricity load in commercial buildings are becoming challenges. A demand response (DR) control strategy based on load prediction is proposed to alleviate the pressure on the grid caused by peak demand while ensuring good building environment and meeting thermal comfort for users. The strategy implements partial chiller shutdown with pre-cooling. An enhanced chilled water distributor considering personnel satisfaction, which adds a factor for the sensitivity of indoor air temperature increases in the adaptive function, is proposed. A co-simulation platform was developed to investigate load shifting potential, enhance energy efficiency and reduce operating costs. Thermal comfort is also considered, ensuring the long-term effectiveness of the strategy and user satisfaction. It is compared with conventional control strategy, price-based DR strategy, partial chiller shutdown, as well as DR control strategies involving partial chiller shutdown and pre-cooling. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DR strategy achieved the maximum load reduction without causing load rebound. The proposed DR strategy achieves a 4.7% electricity saving rate and a 3.5% reduction in total operating costs comparing to partial chiller shutdown. The indoor temperature and temperature deviation are controlled in reasonable ranges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 115580"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation on the thermal and optical performance of a double skin facade with a semi-transparent phase change material blind system","authors":"Yilin Li ,&nbsp;Wanting Tao ,&nbsp;Zewen Liu ,&nbsp;Yuke Peng ,&nbsp;Lulu Zhu ,&nbsp;Hao Lu ,&nbsp;Aiwei Luo ,&nbsp;Weiguang Su ,&nbsp;Feng Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase change material (PCM) blinds integrated into the double skin facade (DSF) have been raised as a promising method to improve the thermal performance of DSF. However, previous studies mostly adopted opaque PCM blinds which may affect the light transmittance of the DSFs and indoor light environment. This study focuses on the evaluation of the thermal and optical performance of a semi-transparent PCM blind in DSF. Experimental study has been conducted in a test facility during different seasons in Shanghai, China. Temperature distributions and indoor diffuse radiation of the integrated DSF and semi-transparent PCM blind system with three blind tilt angles (30°, 45°, 60°) were analysed. The thermal performance of the semi-transparent PCM blinds and traditional aluminium blinds was compared on a typical day. Results show that the semi-transparent PCM blind can significantly lower the highest temperature in the DSF cavity in warm season, and reduce the temperature fluctuation range by 10 °C during the period of 9:00 am ∼ 21:00 pm. During cold season, the semi-transparent PCM blind was able to maintain a steady thermal zone for 4 h and 28 min, with temperatures stabilising at 15 ∼ 20 °C. The tilt angle of 45° demonstrates optimal thermal performance in both warm and cold seasons. The results also proved that the semi-transparent PCM blind with a 45° tilt angle contributes to a comfortable indoor light environment due to the better stability and longer duration of the diffuse radiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 115551"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}