Energy and Buildings最新文献

Ten differences of seasonal borehole thermal energy storage system from ground-source heat pump system 季节性钻孔蓄热系统与地源热泵系统的十大区别

IF 6.6 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114994

{"title":"Ten differences of seasonal borehole thermal energy storage system from ground-source heat pump system","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since both the cross-seasonal borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) system and the ground source heat pump (GSHP) system use buried tubes for heat exchange, GSHP is often mistaken for a BTES system. However, there are essential differences between the GSHP system and the BTES system, and the purpose of this study is to elucidate in detail the differences between these two systems. This study first summarizes the practical application cases of seasonal BTES globally, and then deeply compares and analyzes the differences between the seasonal BTES system and GSHP system from ten different perspectives, including system definition, technology timeline, purpose of buried tube heat exchanger, heat sources, soil temperature changes, buried tube heat exchanger volume, design of the buried tube heat exchanger, energy storage modes, biggest drawback, system performance evaluation. Finally, the future development prospects and research directions of the seasonal BTES system are further discussed. In summary, although the GSHP system may be confused with the seasonal BTES system in some aspects, they are indeed two different systems. Compared to the GSHP system, the seasonal BTES system can solve the contradiction between energy supply and demand in time and space, and effectively improve energy utilization efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing commercial building resiliency through microgrids with distributed energy sources and battery energy storage systems 通过采用分布式能源和电池储能系统的微电网增强商业建筑的复原力

IF 6.6 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114980

{"title":"Enhancing commercial building resiliency through microgrids with distributed energy sources and battery energy storage systems","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resilience analysis is gaining focus, but no extensive research exists for commercial buildings. This research presents the results of a novel analysis of the resiliency in commercial buildings by examining the relationship between electric microgrids, Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). As energy systems face increasing challenges, including extreme weather events and grid vulnerabilities, integrating microgrids, DERs, and BESS has emerged as a promising solution to strengthen the resilience of commercial buildings. Microgrids can harness renewable energy sources and reduce environmental impacts when integrated with DERs. Most literature studies focus on residential or commercial buildings with peak-valley tariffs and simplified electrical market models. In contrast, this study focuses on BESS’ pivotal role in DER output and ensuring uninterrupted power during grid disruptions and presents an innovative approach to analyzing resilience in commercial building microgrids and an economic optimization of commercial building microgrids with Time of Use tariffs utilizing DERS and BESS. The analysis includes the technical aspects of BESS integration and control strategies that optimize their operation. It also studies the economic and environmental benefits of microgrids, DERs, and BESS, focusing on cost savings, greenhouse gas emission reductions, and grid support services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and validation of the motivation for electricity saving behaviour scale (MESBS) among residents living in energy-efficient buildings in Sweden 瑞典节能建筑居民节电行为动机量表（MESBS）的开发与验证

IF 6.6 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114978

{"title":"Development and validation of the motivation for electricity saving behaviour scale (MESBS) among residents living in energy-efficient buildings in Sweden","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Even though energy-efficient technologies are well developed, the behaviour of building occupants plays an important role in the search for the optimum level of energy efficiency. In academic literature, however, very few studies have used psychological theories to understand individuals’ drivers of energy use behaviour when interacting with energy-efficient technologies. Specifically, there are no studies solely focused on individuals' motivations for electricity saving behaviour. This paper is based on an empirical study carried out in energy-efficient residential buildings to develop and test a new scale by applying self-determination theory (SDT). A postal survey about the Motivation for Electricity Saving Behaviour Scale (MESBS), including self-reported electricity use, was sent out to 1,084 residents living in newly built energy-efficient multifamily dwellings and eco-villages in Southern Sweden. The answers obtained from 235 participants were analysed for the reliability and validity of MESBS. The findings indicated that i) MESBS items have good internal consistency and are in line with expectations based on SDT, and ii) the autonomous motivation component of MESBS is strongly associated with electricity saving behaviour (i.e. turning off lights when not needed) in energy-efficient buildings. Our results emphasise the importance of considering individuals’ motivations for undertaking electricity saving behaviour in energy-efficient buildings. The study also provides useful information for future studies of energy-efficient buildings as well as designing new technologies and interventions to reach the optimum level of energy-efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hourly temperature downscaling method based on clustering and linear transformation: Utilizing mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures 基于聚类和线性变换的逐小时气温降尺度方法：利用平均气温、最高气温和最低气温

IF 6.6 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114975

{"title":"Hourly temperature downscaling method based on clustering and linear transformation: Utilizing mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The temperature profile under climate change is likely to differ from historical patterns. To understand how energy consumption and long-term load curves will be impacted by temperature variations, higher granularity temperature data is required. This study uses the AR6 statistically downscaled daily data provided by the TCCIP platform for Taiwan as a case study, proposing a method for downscaling daily temperature data to hourly data. The k-means algorithm clusters historical daily temperature profiles by month, using average, maximum, and minimum temperatures. Future temperature profiles are identified based on these characteristics, and a linear transformation is applied to align the downscaled hourly data. This method better captures the timing of maximum and minimum temperatures and the connection between daily profiles. Ultimately, 96% of the daily data, after downscaling, met the daily average, maximum, and minimum temperature values provided by TCCIP. Validation using data from January to June 2024 shows the method achieves an average absolute hourly error of 0.17–0.55°C and a monthly average absolute hourly error of 0.2–0.4°C, outperforming existing methods. The approach provides more comprehensive and accurate long-term temperature data, supporting studies on climate change impacts on energy demand, building design, and power system operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental study on the operating characteristic of a combined radiant floor and fan coil cooling system 辐射地板和风机盘管组合冷却系统运行特性的实验研究

IF 6.6 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114979

{"title":"Experimental study on the operating characteristic of a combined radiant floor and fan coil cooling system","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The radiant floor and fan coil cooling (RF–FCC) system has a wide application range in residential and office buildings due to its high thermal comfort and energy efficiency. The studies on RF–FCC systems often focus on increasing the cooling capacity, reducing the energy consumption, and optimizing the control strategies while overlooking variations in radiant floor surface temperature and indoor temperature during system operations. Therefore, this study uses experimental methods to analyze the radiant floor surface and indoor temperature of the RF-FCC system in order to provide a theoretical basis for the application of the RF–FCC systems. The operating characteristics of the RF-FCC system are then determined from the variations of the radiant floor surface temperature during system operation, variations of the radiant floor surface temperature after shutdown, impact of the sudden variations of the indoor load on the indoor temperature, and impacts of different outdoor weather conditions on the indoor temperature. The obtained results show that the radiant floor surface temperature stabilizes at approximately 23 °C under different weather conditions. After shutdown, the variation of the radiant floor temperature follows the first-order exponential function growth law. The indoor load step change only slightly affects the temperature of each indoor wall surface, while indoor load step change exerts a minimal impact on the radiant floor surface temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Operational and embodied energy of residential buildings in the Andean region between 1980 and 2020 1980 至 2020 年安第斯地区住宅建筑的运行能耗和体现能耗

IF 6.6 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114982

{"title":"Operational and embodied energy of residential buildings in the Andean region between 1980 and 2020","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between operational energy (OE) and embodied energy (EE) in buildings is a highly complex issue. In countries with extreme climates and high sustainability standards, efforts are made to reduce OE for climatization with materials and technologies that eventually increase the EE. The case of non-extreme climates such as the Ecuadorian Andean region is different. New building systems and construction elements are introduced in buildings to replicate the model adopted in other climates and, consequently, EE experiments an increase. However, it remains unclear what impact these changes have on OE and in the total life cycle energy. To assess the effects of these construction changes, 40 residential buildings constructed between 1980 and 2020 in Cuenca, Ecuador, were analyzed. Their OE was obtained through energy simulations validated with measurements (Heating plus Cooling, Lighting plus Electrical Appliances) and mathematical calculations (Domestic Hot Water plus Cooking). Their EE values were obtained from prior research. The findings indicate that buildings in the Ecuadorian Andean region have experienced an increase in total life cycle energy: EE has risen from 1643 to 3600 MJ/m<sup>2</sup> over the last forty years, and OE for heating and cooling has also increased (from 1000 to 2195 MJ/m<sup>2</sup>), also increasing the total life cycle energy of the building. Unlike in other countries where a reduction in OE demand leads to an increase in EE, in the studied case, the upward trend in EE results in an increase in OE demand.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transitioning positive energy buildings towards positive energy Communities: Leveraging performance indicators for site planning assessments 将正能量建筑转变为正能量社区：利用性能指标进行场地规划评估

IF 6.6 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114976

{"title":"Transitioning positive energy buildings towards positive energy Communities: Leveraging performance indicators for site planning assessments","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Harnessing energy surpluses and technological advances from positive energy buildings (PEBs) within a community offers a logical transition pathway from PEBs to positive energy communities (PECs). This study proposes a set of reasonable performance indicators (KPIs) for streamlining site planning assessments based on existing PEBs, aiming to transition to PECs for achieving energy autonomy in off-grid states. The proposed KPIs include energy surplus ratio, PEB area coverage ratio, community energy difference, shared energy matching ratio, and PEB impact coefficient. A sample of 81 PEBs provided by a real database in North America was selected for testifying these KPIs, and relevant geographic analyses and simulations were performed. Four PV installation scenarios and three radius ranges were considered for building energy generation and energy consumption. The results show that the establishment of a PEC through a PEB is promising. In existing communities, the physical boundary of the transition from PEB to PEC can be determined to be between 150 and 250 m. The study also found that educational buildings should be closely integrated with residential buildings in the energy resilience planning process. KPIs offer crucial insights for initial PEC site selection, offering practical guidance for PEC development and informing strategic decisions in planning PECs through PEBs. This study’s findings serve as actionable guidance for stakeholders, such as urban planners, policymakers, developers, and researchers, facilitating the creation of sustainable and energy-positive communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Demonstration of the carbon capture with building make-up air unit 利用楼宇补风装置进行碳捕获示范

IF 6.6 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114966

{"title":"Demonstration of the carbon capture with building make-up air unit","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Building-integrated carbon capture technology has the potential to reduce the cost of CO<sub>2</sub> capture while improving indoor air quality (IAQ). To promote the adoption of CO<sub>2</sub> capture in a building environment, this study investigated the possibility of integrating carbon capture technology with an existing rooftop make-up air unit (MAU) system to trap CO<sub>2</sub>. Here, a modular compact CO<sub>2</sub> capture system containing amine-functionalized polymer fibers was examined. The system, which was installed at the exhaust of the MAU, captures CO<sub>2</sub> before it leaves the building to enter the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas. The demonstrated average amount of CO<sub>2</sub> captured was 1.1–1.4 mmol/g of adsorbent material. Techno-economic analysis (TEA) was further performed on the CO<sub>2</sub> capture system, considering material costs, energy costs, as well as transportation and regeneration costs. These results were then used to estimate the levelized cost per ton CO<sub>2</sub> captured (LCOC). To achieve LCOC below $100/t-CO<sub>2</sub>, adsorbents should have working capacities of 4.9 t and 3 t-CO<sub>2</sub>/year for 5 years and 10 years of operation, respectively. In summary, this study highlights a viable path toward the decarbonization of the commercial buildings sector and provides quantitative performance and economic insight on the suitability of building-integrated carbon capture technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temperature adaptive passive daytime radiative cooling: The impact of their essential properties on energy performance of different building types 温度适应性日间被动辐射冷却：其基本特性对不同类型建筑节能性能的影响

IF 6.6 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114955

{"title":"Temperature adaptive passive daytime radiative cooling: The impact of their essential properties on energy performance of different building types","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) materials can reduce building cooling demands during hot periods but increase heating needs in colder times, known as heating penalties, limiting their practicality. Temperature adaptive (TA) materials offer a solution, yet optimal TA PDRC properties, such as changes in reflectivity or emissivity from high surface temperature (HST) to low surface temperature (LST) states and the switch temperature at which these changes occur, are under-researched. To address this, a wavelength-dependent PDRC model was coupled with EnergyPlus to identify the optimal reflectivity or emissivity in HST and LST states and determine the appropriate switch temperature. Results show that different reflectivity and emissivity values are needed for various climates to maximize TA PDRC benefits. Switch temperatures from 15 °C to 30 °C primarily affect cooling benefits with minimal impact on heating penalties. Additionally, the heating penalty and cooling benefit of TA PDRC vary across building types, requiring alignment between TA PDRC operational characteristics and HVAC systems to optimize advantages. Among building types, malls benefit the most from PDRC application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combining energy generation and radiant systems: Challenges and possibilities for plus energy buildings 能源生产与辐射系统相结合：加能源建筑的挑战与可能性

IF 6.6 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114965

{"title":"Combining energy generation and radiant systems: Challenges and possibilities for plus energy buildings","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiant heating and cooling (RHC) systems are being more widely adopted considering the well-known technical advantages: increased thermal comfort, space saving, and reduced energy use. Since the building sector is currently one of the largest consumers of fossil fuels, many directives and regulations have been enacted to address the intense concern about energy use for space conditioning.</div><div>Even though radiant systems are considered as an energy efficient technology for building heating and cooling, more effort is needed to fulfil the zero energy requirements outlined by recent standards and directives. Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are an effective solution to avoid using finite fossil fuels and related geopolitical issues enhanced by the recent world conflicts. Despite being primarily intermittent and subject to economic and regional constraints, RES offer suitable temperature levels to supply low temperature heating and high temperature cooling operation, a major advantage of RHC system.</div><div>Although a limited number of studies directly report energy savings or CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction as the main outcomes of the research related to this combination, valuable insights have been obtained for the present review. Primary energy can decrease between 40% and 80% with different integration of RHC, photovoltaic, heat pumps and district heating. TABS can lead to load shifting up to 100%, allowing an increased self −consumption of renewable energy.</div><div>This paper provides evidence on whether coupling radiant systems with renewables is a promising strategy for achieving nearly-zero annual energy balances in building stocks. It investigates recent trends, limitations and potential to support decarbonization goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0