Energy and Buildings最新文献

{"title":"Optimal planning of building integrated photovoltaic windows through room-level economic analysis","authors":"Seunghoon Jung ,&nbsp;Soojong Han ,&nbsp;Jaewon Jeoung ,&nbsp;Sungchul Kim ,&nbsp;Taehoon Hong ,&nbsp;Jun-Ki Choi ,&nbsp;Minhyun Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) window systems have significant potential to enhance energy efficiency and enable the realization of Net Zero-Energy Buildings (NZEB) in urban settings. However, their adoption is often impeded by high initial investment costs and the complex effect of surrounding buildings on performance. Accordingly, this study proposes a room-level optimal planning framework for BIPV window systems that incorporates the effects of shading and reflective radiation from surrounding buildings to maximize economic feasibility. The framework integrates energy simulations conducted with DesignBuilder and EnergyPlus, along with a genetic algorithm (GA)-based optimization model to identify the optimal type and installation timing of BIPV windows for individual rooms within a building. A case study was conducted on a 20-story residential building in Seoul, South Korea, located in a dense urban environment. The results demonstrate that the room-level optimal planning approach significantly improves economic returns by up to 20.49% compared to conventional planning methods that apply the same strategy across all rooms. The proposed framework offers practical implications for building owners, designers, and policymakers, providing a data-driven methodology to optimize BIPV adoption and support more economically viable decision-making in high-density urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 115690"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic heat transfer and electric energy consumption performance of dry floor heating systems mixed with low-cost phase-change material and activated carbon for field application","authors":"Donghui Seo,&nbsp;Su-Gwang Jeong","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing energy deficit has amplified the necessity for exploring alternatives to fulfill essential energy requirements, which have been consistently increasing. To meet energy demands, integrating latent heat storage technology using phase change materials (PCMs) with radiant floor heating systems (RFS) has garnered increasing attention for enhancing energy storage efficiency, achieving significant energy savings, and improving indoor thermal comfort. To address the shortcomings of phase change materials (PCMs), such as phase leakage and low thermal conductivity, this study developed a thermal storage floor heating layer using activated carbon (AC) and Paraffin wax (ACP), analyzing its thermal performance and energy consumption within a dry floor heating system. The thermal performance analysis showed that the latent heat of ACP, vacuum-impregnated with AC and Paraffin wax, was 60.7 % lower than that of pure Paraffin wax due to the PCM mixing ratio. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that 66.18 % of the ACP mass remained after the first peak, with an additional 8.5 % weight loss at 600 °C, leaving 33.82 %, indicating that while AC experienced weight loss, ACP demonstrated greater heat durability compared to Paraffin wax. A dynamic heat transfer performance analysis using various finishing materials showed that linoleum had the smallest surface temperature deviation at 1.7 °C, effectively minimizing the surface temperature variation of the PCM linear heating type dry floor heating system compared to other materials. To reduce the surface temperature deviation of the PCM linear heating type dry floor heating system, the dynamic heat transfer performance was analyzed by applying a PCM container to the film dry floor heating system. The results confirmed that the PCM film dry floor heating has a lower surface temperature deviation than wet floor heating, which can address the shortcomings of linear heat-based floor heating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 115694"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing building cooling efficiency with water-active PCM panels and displacement ventilation in hot climates","authors":"Osama Sabah Almtuly ,&nbsp;Mazlan Abdul Wahid ,&nbsp;Hasanen M. Hussen ,&nbsp;Mohd Ibthisham Ardani ,&nbsp;Keng Yinn Wong ,&nbsp;Ihab Hasan Hatif","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Buildings in extremely hot climates have high energy demands and carbon emissions due to intensive cooling requirements, emphasizing the need for innovative, energy-efficient cooling solutions. This study introduces and evaluates the performance of a novel cooling system that integrates phase change material (PCM) into water-active ceiling panels combined with displacement ventilation (DV). The PCM used in this study is sourced from waste petroleum products, making it abundant and cost-effective. Using full-scale experiments and CFD simulations, this research assesses the system’s impact on cooling energy consumption, thermal comfort, and indoor air quality, comparing it to conventional cooling systems. The results show that the novel system reduces indoor air temperature peaks by up to 3.5 °C, enhances thermal comfort, and lowers cooling energy consumption, achieving monthly energy savings of up to 32 %. The PCM ceiling panels also reduce peak power usage and overall energy demands through efficient heat storage and re-solidification cycles, enabling shorter cooling operating times. Furthermore, the combined PCM-DV system delivers stable, uniform indoor temperatures, improving occupant comfort and enhancing indoor air quality. This study demonstrates the potential of PCM-enhanced cooling systems in extremely hot climates and provides actionable insights for energy-efficient building strategies in arid regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 115688"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision 2035: A forecasting framework for household final energy consumption in Türkiye","authors":"Mehmet Melikoglu","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study develops per capita-based forecasting models to estimate household final energy consumption (FEC) in Türkiye from 2024 to 2035. The models demonstrate strong predictive accuracy, aligning with historical data, the 2022 National Energy Plan (NEP) targets, and key statistical metrics. The most reliable scenario assumes per capita household FEC will increase at a rate similar to Spain’s historical trend (2003–2023), projecting FEC to reach 1,110,000 TJ in 2025, 1,200,000 TJ in 2030, and 1,285,000 TJ in 2035. The 2035 forecast achieves a 99.9% match with the official NEP target, underscoring its robustness. The findings indicate a growing demand for household energy, driven by population growth and economic expansion, with no expected supply–demand imbalances. Urbanization, lifestyle changes, and housing conditions significantly influence energy use. This methodology offers a reliable foundation for energy policy, aiding researchers and policymakers in designing sustainable strategies to enhance energy efficiency and ensure long-term resource management in Türkiye.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 115689"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global investigation of pedestrian-level cooling and energy-saving potentials of green and cool roofs in 43 megacities","authors":"Siqi Jia ,&nbsp;Qihao Weng ,&nbsp;Cheolhee Yoo ,&nbsp;James A. Voogt","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green roofs and cool roofs are emerging as two potential solutions to combat the negative impacts of urban warming in the context of climate change. However, the existing body of research has not clearly established the connection between the local built environment and the effectiveness of these solutions. Moreover, a lack of standardized methodologies for integrating micro-scale climatic data has impeded the precision of modeling endeavors. In light of these knowledge gaps, an extensive study was conducted across 43 megacities to evaluate the impact of green and cool roofs on reducing urban temperatures and building energy consumption. A novel integrated approach, combining a micro-level computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model and a building energy simulation method, was used. The results reveal that both cool and green roofs moderately cool pedestrian areas, with green roofs slightly outperforming cool roofs, reducing temperatures by an average of 0.10 °C. Delhi reported the highest cooling effect from green roofs at 0.80 °C, while Beijing recorded the top cooling performance from cool roofs at 0.23 °C. Cool roofs showed significant cooling energy savings, from 5.4 to 63.8 kWh/m²/year, particularly in sun-drenched cities like Bangalore, Dhaka, and Ahmedabad, albeit their inability to save heating energy in higher latitudes. Conversely, green roofs provided consistent energy savings, typically from 1.1 to 7.3 kWh/m²/year, with Dhaka exhibiting the highest energy-saving amount.<!--> <!-->Additionally, the study also identified that<!--> <!-->urban morphology influences the effectiveness of these strategies. The cooling effect becomes less noticeable with increasing building height, and open layouts are more conducive to roof-level strategies. The findings from this study will help optimize the implementation of these strategies in different climates and built environments, contributing to efforts to mitigate global climate change and enhance urban livability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 115671"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy saving effects of integrated implementation of a multi-layered heat exchange duct and energy recovery ventilation system","authors":"Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Hajime Sotokawa ,&nbsp;Taisaku Gomyo ,&nbsp;Kazuhide Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy recovery ventilation (ERV) systems can effectively reduce air-conditioning loads while providing outdoor air via ventilation. However, significant challenges remain in improving their heat exchange performance in confined residential spaces and ensuring effective use in cold regions. Preheating or bypassing the supply air can be an effective defrosting strategy for ERV systems; however, additional energy consumption and energy recovery losses are unavoidable. This study proposed a novel integrated multi-layered heat exchange duct (HED) and ERV system as a pretreatment device with four operating modes achieved using eight adjustable dampers. This integrated system is intended to improve the total system performance and condensation and frosting resistance of ERV systems in cold regions. Numerical models of the integrated HED–ERV system were used to calculate the energy-saving performance of different modes under various climatic conditions. In addition, segmented numerical calculations were used to determine changes in the condensation and frosting limits of the ERV and integrated systems. The results showed that the integrated system further enhanced the sensible heat recovery compared with the ERV system, with the addition of the HED expanding the applicable air conditions for the ERV by –20.5 ℃. The optimal control modes demonstrated improvements in the coefficient of energy (COE) during the cooling season, and the maximum improvement reached 25.3% during the best month. During the heating season, the applicable operating range of the ERV system was extended, and its resistance to condensation and frost was significantly improved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 115679"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel systematic heat integration and heat recovery approach for reactivating abandoned mines to meet energy demand of greenhouses-application of dynamic pinch analysis","authors":"Hosein Faramarzpour ,&nbsp;Soroush Entezari ,&nbsp;Mikhail Sorin ,&nbsp;Michel Grégoire","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing an optimum and efficient energy system for a greenhouse in cold climate conditions, such as Canada, is a very challenging task, and is even more sophisticated when different sources of energies (solar, geothermal, etc.) should be integrated into the energy system. This study, for the first time, is proposing a systematic heat integration approach, based on Dynamic Pinch Analysis, to improve the efficiency of the energy system of a greenhouse through taking advantage of heat recovery from waste energies (grey water and air ventilation). Also, it proposed a novel methodology to integrate a solar assisted geothermal heat pump system into a greenhouse to eliminate fossil fuel consumption. Following the evaluation of the geothermal energy potential of an open pit lake of an abandoned mine (King Beaver Mine), a mathematical energy model was developed to calculate the energy demand of the case study greenhouse in Quebec, Canada. To reduce the calculation time, two unsupervised machine learning techniques (K-Means and K-medoids) were used to identify the typical days (TDs). For each typical day and each time slice (1 hr), composite curves (CCs) were plotted. These CCs enabled energy targeting by maximizing heat recovery and facilitating the design of an optimal heat exchanger network (HEN). A techno-economic analysis was then conducted to determine the optimal HEN configuration among the scenarios, ensuring efficient placement of heat exchangers to maximize energy efficiency and cost savings for the greenhouse climate control system. It is shown that by taking advantage of heat recovery from waste energy 38 percent energy saving is possible. Calculations indicate that using a properly sized thermal energy storage unit could reduce the condenser size of the heat pump by over 40 percent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 115678"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing solar greenhouse efficiency through the integration of phase change materials: Thermal regulation and sustainable crop growth","authors":"Farhan Lafta Rashid ,&nbsp;Mudhar A. Al-Obaidi ,&nbsp;Mohamad M. Alsebeei ,&nbsp;Zainab Abdul Karim Alkhekany ,&nbsp;Arman Ameen ,&nbsp;Shabbir Ahmad ,&nbsp;Atef Chibani ,&nbsp;Mohamed Kezzar ,&nbsp;Ephraim Bonah Agyekum ,&nbsp;Ali Alshammari","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increased request for sustainable agricultural practices in response to climate change requires inventions in greenhouse design and operation. This review inspects scientific investigations that explore how solar greenhouses utilise phase change materials (PCMs) to improve thermal regulation, decrease expenses, and support crop growth. Also, it examines the matter of temperature instability in traditional greenhouses, as fluctuated temperatures would negatively impact plant health and crop production. Experimental research on PCMs has led to the development of a new thermal energy storage system, which has been analysed for its competence. The outcomes of this review specify that greenhouse temperatures can increase meaningfully during crucial nighttime hours when PCMs are utilised, with a temperature difference ranges between 1 °C to 2 °C greater than those in standard greenhouses. Also, the integration of PCMs can reduce the daily temperature fluctuation by 3 °C to 5 °C, enhancing temperature control. Accordingly, it can be said that the incorporation of PCMs within solar greenhouses can enhance the environmental conditions of crops besides boosting the thermal efficacy, contributing to agricultural sustainability. Finally, this review presents an operational strategy to transform greenhouse functionality by enhancing the energy competence and climate resilience. In turn, these systems could revolutionize greenhouse operations and address global food security challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 115667"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An occupants’ diversity-aware discussion on the economic benefits of model predictive control in buildings","authors":"Di Lu ,&nbsp;Godfried Augenbroe ,&nbsp;Zhaoyun Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effectiveness of model predictive control (MPC) depends heavily on the flexible temperature band. In this study, we derived statistical distributions for the upper and lower bounds of acceptable temperature bands using survey data from the ASHRAE Global Thermal Comfort Database. A sampling technique was then applied to determine the acceptable temperature bands for thermal zones with varying occupant numbers. This approach accounts for occupants’ diversity in thermal preference and facilitates a consistent and unbiased assessment of MPC’s energy saving potential across different scenarios. Additionally, to enhance computational efficiency, we developed a linearized finite-difference building model with the same modeling capabilities and predictive accuracy as white-box models but compatible with linear programming for fast optimization. Using this model, we analyzed HVAC energy costs and organizational benefits of three MPC strategies—load shifting, peak shaving, and their combination—across 13 climate zones and three construction types. It was discovered that MPC reduces HVAC energy costs in all climates, with high absolute cost savings in hot climates and high cost-saving percentages in marine and cold climates. Across all scenarios, peak shaving is more effective than load shifting, and their combination achieves the highest cost savings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 115668"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation method of rooftop photovoltaic resources of distributed buildings based on the fusion of ResFAUnet and MAS-PointMLP","authors":"Xiaobin Xu ,&nbsp;Zerun Sun ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Mao ,&nbsp;Yajuan Feng ,&nbsp;Haojie Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianbo Bai ,&nbsp;Jian Yang ,&nbsp;Yingying Ran ,&nbsp;Zhiying Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To accurately evaluate roof resources for distributed PV systems, a method based on the fusion of laser and image is proposed. First, ResFAUnet, which integrates transfer learning and multi-scale features, is used to segment the exterior outline of the building roof. Then, the building roof is finely segmented using MAS-PointMLP. Finally, the characteristics of the roof are calculated based on the point cloud processing algorithm, the arrangement of photovoltaic modules is realized based on the image processing algorithm, and the solar radiation and power generation are calculated based on the SHORTWAVE-C model. The proposed ResFAUnet can effectively segment the outer contour of the building roof, and the improved MAS-PointMLP network achieves 87.78% in the Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU), 1.14% higher than the original PointMLP. The average error between the annual total radiation of the roof and that of the database of Copernicus atmospheric monitoring service is 7.4%, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 115680"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}