Energy and Buildings最新文献

Performance analysis of an all-climate thermotropic smart window for enhancing energy saving and daylighting comfort 提高节能和采光舒适度的全气候变热智能窗的性能分析

IF 7.1 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116432

Yilin You , Xia Deng , Xuan Yang , Ruiyang Yang , Weiqiang Liu , Feng Shi , Xiaoqiang Hong

{"title":"Performance analysis of an all-climate thermotropic smart window for enhancing energy saving and daylighting comfort","authors":"Yilin You , Xia Deng , Xuan Yang , Ruiyang Yang , Weiqiang Liu , Feng Shi , Xiaoqiang Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermotropic smart window has been proven to achieve excellent energy efficiency in buildings located in hot climate zones while also improving daylighting performance. However, achieving high building performance in cold climates remains a challenge, limiting its widespread application to only specific climate conditions. To address these challenges, this study proposed an all-climate thermotropic smart window (ACTSW) that incorporated thermotropic glazing, ventilation window, and rotatable structure, which is expected to enhance building energy and daylighting performance across various climate zones. A test room equipped with the ACTSW was constructed and a continuous ten-day experiment was conducted. A building performance model was established and validated using the experimental data for the annual evaluation of energy and daylighting performance in a reference office room across ten climate conditions worldwide. The results show that: (1) The ACTSW can achieve total energy savings ranging from 6.6 % to 43.8 % across all selected cities. Notably, Milan and Stockholm achieved average energy savings of 40.9 % and 42.6 %, respectively, when compared to simple windows with low-emissivity (low-e) double glazing. (2) The ACTSW with proper transition temperatures improved sUDI<sub>300∼3000lx,≥50%</sub> by up to 29.3 % compared to simple windows with low-e glazing, with significant increases (over 20 %) observed in Milan, Stockholm, Addis Ababa, Brasilia, and Xiamen. With its outstanding energy efficiency and daylighting performance, the ACTSW provides an effective solution for the sustainable design and application of green building.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 116432"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Usability evaluation of connected thermostat modalities 连接恒温器模式的可用性评估

IF 7.1 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116407

Simin Kianpour Rad, Philip Agee, Abiola Akanmu, Josh Iorio, Lu Zhang

{"title":"Usability evaluation of connected thermostat modalities","authors":"Simin Kianpour Rad, Philip Agee, Abiola Akanmu, Josh Iorio, Lu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Connected Thermostats have gained significant attention in both design and research, with the aim of enhancing User Experience in the interconnected ecosystem of smart homes. Despite the abundance of research on CTs and the increasing integration of new control options, a substantial gap remains in the literature, particularly in the context of a multi-modal approach to CT interfaces. This study leverages usability study methodsconducted in a lab setting to compare the walk-up usability of traditional and novel modalities of the ecobee3 Lite Smart Thermostat, including 1. The wall-mounted display, 2. Phone application, 3. Web portal. A/B testing equipped with eye tracking, NASA TLX and SUS post-interaction surveys, and contextual inquiry and think-aloud were employed through a mixed-methods study design to objectively and subjectively evaluate usability, mental workload, and user preferences and behavior. Both objective and subjective methods revealed that the wall-mounted display interactions were the most usable with the least mental workload, followed by the web portal. In this particular thermostat, the phone app was significantly less usable and also the most mentally demanding modality. Some of the key themes influencing users’ preference for modality included minimalist design, layout efficiency, and accessibility. The participants’ overall preferences closely aligned with the perceived and measured usability and mental workload outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 116407"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Local thermal discomfort and self-assessed productivity of occupants in office buildings in a humid subtropical climate 湿润亚热带气候下办公建筑的局部热不适与居住者自我评价的生产力

IF 7.1 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116416

Beatriz Bayestorff Muller , Taylana Piccinini Scolaro , Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp , Enedir Ghisi

{"title":"Local thermal discomfort and self-assessed productivity of occupants in office buildings in a humid subtropical climate","authors":"Beatriz Bayestorff Muller , Taylana Piccinini Scolaro , Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp , Enedir Ghisi","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal comfort in offices has long been recognised as a critical factor influencing occupants’ well-being and productivity. The main aim of this study is to investigate local thermal discomfort and self-assessed productivity among occupants of office buildings. Four office buildings in Florianópolis, southern Brazil, were evaluated. Three used hybrid ventilation, and one used a central air-conditioning system. Data on thermal discomfort and productivity were collected by applying an electronic questionnaire to the occupants of all four buildings. The results indicated the presence of local thermal discomfort in both hybrid ventilated and air-conditioned buildings. Across all buildings, a total of 1,417 local discomfort points were associated with 430 cases of heat discomfort, and 804 points with 309 cases of cold discomfort. Female occupants showed greater sensitivity to cold (65% of their local discomfort reports), particularly in the extremities such as hands, arms, feet, and ankles. In contrast, 76% of male local discomfort reports were related to heat discomfort, most frequently affecting the back, neck, and head. Regarding self-assessed productivity, no significant difference was found between the productivity reported under the two ventilation modes (natural ventilation and air-conditioning). Such results suggest that air-conditioning is not always necessary for ensuring thermal comfort or enhancing occupant productivity. These findings underscore that workplace productivity is not solely dependent on thermal comfort. The study provides valuable insights into gender differences and the body areas most sensitive to thermal discomfort, providing a basis for targeted interventions, such as personalised environmental control systems or adjustments in workstation design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 116416"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation and magnetic/light-to-thermal properties of eutectic salt hydrate@SiO2@magnetic graphene oxide phase change microcapsules 共晶盐hydrate@SiO2@磁性氧化石墨烯相变微胶囊的制备及其磁性/光热性能

IF 7.1 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116395

Jiexiong Ding , Xin Liu , Shengnian Tie , Jian Tie , Zipeng Jiang , Yahui Wang , Qinghai Wang , Peiyi Wang , Changan Wang

{"title":"Preparation and magnetic/light-to-thermal properties of eutectic salt hydrate@SiO2@magnetic graphene oxide phase change microcapsules","authors":"Jiexiong Ding , Xin Liu , Shengnian Tie , Jian Tie , Zipeng Jiang , Yahui Wang , Qinghai Wang , Peiyi Wang , Changan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing challenges of energy scarcity and environmental pollution caused by non-renewable sources highlight the critical importance of phase change energy storage materials in improving energy conversion and utilization efficiency. Because of the drawbacks of single function and poor thermal stability of hydrated salt phase change materials, this study employs interfacial polymerization introducing the magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) to successfully prepare the magnetic phase change microcapsule composed of eutectic hydrated salt (EHS) as the nucleus and SiO<sub>2</sub> as the shell, with the functions of magnetic/light-to-thermal conversion. Through the optimization of the preparation process, the enthalpies of melting of the microcapsules reached 161.3 J·g<sup>−1</sup>, and the micromorphology was uniform and complete when tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) of 8 mL and deionized water of 10 mL was added. The study showed that the SiO<sub>2</sub> shell effectively suppressed the water loss of the core material and improved the thermal stability; the introduction of MGO increased the thermal conductivity of the microcapsules by up to 82 % and gave it the functions of magnetic/light-to-thermal conversion. Under a constant alternating magnetic field, the temperature of the microcapsules with 0.15 g of MGO was increased to 35 ℃, and its photothermal conversion efficiency reached 90.7 % under the optical density of 860 mW·cm<sup>−2</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 116395"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

BIM-IGL: a BIM-based framework for automated conceptual design integrating generative design and life cycle assessment BIM-IGL：基于bim的自动化概念设计框架，集成了生成式设计和生命周期评估

IF 7.1 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116401

Sohyun Kim , Hwan Namgung , Kyungseok Oh , Jaewook Lee , Kwangbok Jeong , Taehoon Hong , Minjin Kong

{"title":"BIM-IGL: a BIM-based framework for automated conceptual design integrating generative design and life cycle assessment","authors":"Sohyun Kim , Hwan Namgung , Kyungseok Oh , Jaewook Lee , Kwangbok Jeong , Taehoon Hong , Minjin Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Design is the most fundamental element in the architecture, engineering, and construction industry, with building information modeling (BIM) and generative design gaining prominence for managing complex design tasks. However, design goals often overlook diverse environmental considerations such as human health and biodiversity, focusing mainly on carbon or greenhouse gas emissions. To address these issues, this study proposes a BIM-based framework for automated conceptual design integrating generative design and life cycle assessment. A case study on a single-detached house was conducted to validate the proposed framework. The total of fourteen cases were generated based on spatial connectivity and building material quantity through generative design, with case 12 selected as the optimal design using a 1:1 Pareto optimal solution. For case 12, the total cost was calculated at US$ 1.42 × 10<sup>9</sup>, with economic costs comprising 1.76 % and environmental and human health costs accounting for 97.89 % and 0.72 %, respectively. The analyzed impacts from these categories are automatically visualized within the BIM model through the developed parametric algorithm, supporting architectural decision-making processes. The BIM-IGL framework developed in this study integrates BIM, generative design, and life cycle assessment to automate the evaluation of economic, environmental, and human health impacts during the conceptual design phase. By enabling comprehensive analysis up to the endpoint level in LCA, the framework supports designers in selecting optimized design solutions early in the design process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 116401"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impacts of building energy retrofits on energy consumption, indoor environment, and hygrothermal performance in future climate scenarios 未来气候情景下建筑节能改造对能耗、室内环境和湿热性能的影响

IF 7.1 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116413

Santeri Schroderus , Pentti Kuurola , Minna Kempe , Filip Fedorik , Virpi Leivo , Ulla Haverinen-Shaughnessy

{"title":"Impacts of building energy retrofits on energy consumption, indoor environment, and hygrothermal performance in future climate scenarios","authors":"Santeri Schroderus , Pentti Kuurola , Minna Kempe , Filip Fedorik , Virpi Leivo , Ulla Haverinen-Shaughnessy","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change policies have driven new construction toward zero-energy buildings. However, majority of Europe’s existing, unrenovated building stock was built before 1990, remaining energy inefficient. With 90 % of these buildings expected to be still in use by 2050, energy retrofitting is the most practical strategy to reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and energy use. This study combined repeated occupant surveys and long-term monitoring data of 13 multifamily buildings located in Southern Finland, and numerical simulations of a selected case building to assess the impact of energy retrofits on energy consumption, indoor environmental quality (IEQ), and hygrothermal performance under future climate scenarios. Occupant surveys and long-term monitoring showed increased thermal comfort, reduced draught and window condensation. In the case building, measured purchased energy use decreased by 52 %, showing strong agreement with validated energy simulation models. Among future retrofits studied, adding 150 mm of external wall insulation was superior, yielding additional annual energy savings of 15 %. External retrofitting emerged as the most moisture safe and energy efficient solution under RCP8.5 2080 climate scenario. In contrast, internal wall insulating was found to increase the risk of mould growth under future climate, where only 50 mm insulation could be safely added within 25-year lifespan. Based on the results, successful energy retrofits can lead to major reductions in energy use as well as enhanced IEQ and occupant comfort, while enhancing sustainable climate adaptability. The findings support strategic retrofitting alongside continuous monitoring of both IEQ, and energy use to better reflect real-world building performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 116413"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Solar soaking using heat pump and electric resistance water heater systems in Australia 在澳大利亚使用热泵和电阻热水器系统的太阳能浸泡

IF 7.1 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116402

Sheikh Khaleduzzaman Shah, Mark Goldsworthy

{"title":"Solar soaking using heat pump and electric resistance water heater systems in Australia","authors":"Sheikh Khaleduzzaman Shah, Mark Goldsworthy","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the rollout of renewable generation increases, excess PV generation is leading to grid stability issues causing networks to place constraints on new installations and allowed exports. However, this excess of essentially free electricity can be exploited by shiftable loads such as hot water heat pumps. Key questions addressed by this research are: i) to what extent can residential heat pumps ‘soak up’ excess PV generation during the day while maintaining delivery of hot water under different representative use patterns; ii) what is the effect of the seasonal variability of hot water demand (which increases in winter) and PV generation (which decreases in winter) on solar soaking potential in different climates; and iii) is the greater efficiency of heat pumps necessary to minimise non-PV energy use, or could resistive storage hot water systems provide similar overall performance? Solar soaking trials are conducted on a commercial heat pump storage unit and the results used to validate a simulation model. The model is then applied to estimate annual solar soaking potential across Australia under different climate zones, usage patterns and control strategies. Depending on climate, a typical residential rooftop PV array can supply between 90 % and 99 % of the electricity of a heat pump water heater under a solar soaking control strategy that increases the setpoint by 10 °C during the day. Such a strategy has the potential to absorb 14.9 TWh of excess (wasted) PV or 30 % of the forecast surplus renewable generation in the National Electricity Market by 2050.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 116402"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Day-ahead TCLs dispatch optimization: An integer genetic algorithm approach based on microgrids composition 日前tcl调度优化：基于微电网组成的整数遗传算法

IF 7.1 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116403

Jesus Clavijo-Camacho, Gabriel Gomez-Ruiz, J.A. Hernández Torres, Reyes Sanchez-Herrera

{"title":"Day-ahead TCLs dispatch optimization: An integer genetic algorithm approach based on microgrids composition","authors":"Jesus Clavijo-Camacho, Gabriel Gomez-Ruiz, J.A. Hernández Torres, Reyes Sanchez-Herrera","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Day-ahead microgrid optimization has been extensively studied in recent technical literature, which predominantly focuses on microgrids comprised of loads, renewable energy systems (RES), and energy storage systems (ESS). However, many microgrids are only composed of loads (such as homes in buildings). This work studies microgrid optimization through a specific focus on thermostatically controllable loads (TCLs), prevalent components in such microgrids. The optimization objectives are tailored to account for the unique characteristics of each microgrid’s composition. Additionally, the study considers the TCLs’ ability to participate in demand response programs within the power system and addresses challenges stemming from discrepancies between day-ahead dispatch and real-time operation. Importantly, the optimization process employs a genetic algorithm (GA) to derive optimal on/off sequences and corresponding temperature profiles for each TCL, instead of adjusting variable temperature setpoints. Furthermore, the GA initial population is generated using a novel method called stratified random sampling, proposed in this work. The study presents a procedure for TCL optimization aimed at maximizing each microgrid’s performance relative to its composition. Results demonstrate a reduction in the targeted metric ranging from 2.4% to 18%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 116403"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on a novel solar light concentration and transmission system for applications in light-driven air dehumidification systems 应用于光驱动空气除湿系统的新型太阳能聚光传输系统研究

IF 7.1 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116391

Xiang Xu, Xiaoli Ma, Xudong Zhao, Chang Zhou, Jing Li

{"title":"Study on a novel solar light concentration and transmission system for applications in light-driven air dehumidification systems","authors":"Xiang Xu, Xiaoli Ma, Xudong Zhao, Chang Zhou, Jing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents a systematic computer simulation work on a first-it-kind of solar light concentration and transmission system for applications in light-driven air dehumidification systems. This system consists of a double Fresnel lenses solar light concentration unit with sun tracking function and a tubular light transmission unit, it can track, collect, concentrate, collimate, and transmit solar light to site for air dehumidification. Numerical models were developed, and simulation work was carried out for performance investigation of the system. The simulation results showed the transmission efficiency is mainly determined by tube internal reflectivity and number of the light reflections inside the tube, the latter is affected by the tube geometry and the light incidence angle, the high number of the reflections lead to decreased transmission efficiency. A case study for a typical summer day at Hull (UK) showed that for a system with Ø1m/Ø0.5 m of double Fresnel lenses light concentrator and a Ø0.45 m/0.61 m of straight tube connected with a 90° bend tube and under average daily sun light of 393 W/m<sup>2</sup>, the concentrated light can reach 1647.5 W/m<sup>2</sup>, the output light from the system is 988.4 W/m<sup>2</sup> which is 4.2 times higher than the sun light of 393 W/m<sup>2</sup> without concentration. In addition, the practical viability of the system validated by preliminary experimental work and discussions of practical feasibility of the system in building integration as well as mechanical design considerations, cost, maintenance and durability are also presented in this paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 116391"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep learning-based prediction of hygrothermal environments in ancient tombs: A data-centric approach to preventive conservation 基于深度学习的古墓湿热环境预测：以数据为中心的预防性保护方法

IF 7.1 2区工程技术

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116392

Xue Tan , Changchang Xia , Yuan Ying , Shuichi Hokoi , Yonghui Li

{"title":"Deep learning-based prediction of hygrothermal environments in ancient tombs: A data-centric approach to preventive conservation","authors":"Xue Tan , Changchang Xia , Yuan Ying , Shuichi Hokoi , Yonghui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hygrothermal fluctuations in architectural heritage significantly accelerate degradation processes, inducing condensation, mold growth, and material delamination. Accurate prediction is critical for risk assessment and decision-making in preventive conservation. In open-air heritage structures, indoor responses to external climatic variations exhibit nonlinearity and hysteresis, limiting the accuracy and computational efficiency of conventional heat, air, and moisture (HAM) models. Deep learning has emerged as a promising approach. This study presents a comprehensive long-term environmental monitoring dataset from a semi-underground ancient tomb, and evaluates four deep learning models: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Transformer, Convolutional Neural Network-LSTM (CNN-LSTM), and LSTM-Transformer for predicting hygrothermal variations across distinct chambers under multivariate climatic conditions. A novel concept of environmental “key points” of heritage is introduced by integrating Isolation Forest (IF), PELT (Pruned Exact Linear Time), and hourly fluctuation thresholds to identify environmental transitions and assess model sensitivity to perturbation events. Results show that the LSTM–Transformer model achieves the best performance, with a coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) improvement of up to 0.358 and a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) reduction of up to 0.238 over the other models. The key point–based evaluation enhances model interpretability and conservation relevance. Notably, robust accuracy is maintained using core meteorological inputs and a time-step configuration of 48 inputs and 4 outputs. These findings underscore the potential of combining historical environmental data with deep learning to enable early and precise hygrothermal prediction, supporting climate-resilient conservation strategies for vulnerable heritage structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 116392"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0