Christopher P. Muzzillo, Ryan Muzzio, Craig L. Perkins, B. Edward Sartor, Matthew O. Reese, Chungho Lee
{"title":"Low-Temperature Gold Deposition Improves CdTe Back Contacts","authors":"Christopher P. Muzzillo, Ryan Muzzio, Craig L. Perkins, B. Edward Sartor, Matthew O. Reese, Chungho Lee","doi":"10.1002/admi.70631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70631","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Improved back contacts can benefit CdTe photovoltaics (PV). In this work, Cd(Se,Te) PV absorbers are cooled during Au evaporation to thermally quench a chemical reaction occurring between gold and CdTe and the generation of a reaction product that lowers device efficiency. Reducing substrate temperature enhances PV power conversion efficiency via open-circuit voltage and fill factor increases. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveals that lower temperature also reduces chemical perturbations of the CdTe, potentially linking back contact formation to a CdTe degradation product that hinders PV performance. Comparing reaction enthalpy and substrate heating energy shows that back contact formation by sputtering elemental metals onto ZnTe may exhibit a degradation pathway analogous to that of CdTe/Au reported here. Degradation-diminishing contact formation processes are therefore of general interest for optoelectronic devices, and the reduced substrate temperature in this study is one example.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70631","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi Chen, Mengtao Huang, Ang Wang, Linsen Tang, Mengting He, Xuejin Li, Shaoxing Qu, Zongrong Wang
{"title":"Shape Memory Polymer-Based Flexible Pressure Sensor for Real-Time Venous Thrombosis Monitoring","authors":"Yi Chen, Mengtao Huang, Ang Wang, Linsen Tang, Mengting He, Xuejin Li, Shaoxing Qu, Zongrong Wang","doi":"10.1002/admi.70616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70616","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are widely applied for long-term intravenous therapy but significantly increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which often develops without obvious early symptoms. Current diagnostic methods are often intermittent, complex, and prone to delayed detection. In this study, a highly sensitive tubular flexible pressure sensor is proposed for real-time monitoring of venous thrombosis after catheter insertion. Nanofibrous membranes with a 100-mesh microstructure are prepared using shape-memory polylactic acid (SMP-PLA) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). By optimizing the conductive filler ratio, the sensor's conductivity, response time, and sensitivity are effectively tuned. The sensor achieves a high sensitivity of 204 kPa<sup>−1</sup>, a response time of 28 ms, and a detection limit of 150 Pa, attributed to the enhanced microstructured surface of the nanofibrous membrane. Due to its high shape fixation (97.5%) and recovery rate (96.3%), the sensor can conformally attach to the catheter surface through its intrinsic shape-memory effect, supporting real-time monitoring of pressure changes associated with venous thrombosis. The proposed approach provides a promising strategy for real-time monitoring of pressure changes associated with PICC-related thrombosis and offers potential for early warning and post-catheterization monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zheng-Xin Qian, Tianxiang Li, Zhijiang Liu, Mingzhe Yuan, Xiaoyu Gu, Banglong Wan, Qian Zhao, Zuotong Zha, Hang Ma
{"title":"Progress on the Failure Mechanisms and Optimization Strategies on Lithium Iron Phosphate","authors":"Zheng-Xin Qian, Tianxiang Li, Zhijiang Liu, Mingzhe Yuan, Xiaoyu Gu, Banglong Wan, Qian Zhao, Zuotong Zha, Hang Ma","doi":"10.1002/admi.70576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70576","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lithium iron phosphate has become a prominent cathode material for power batteries and energy storage systems, owing to its high safety, long cycle life, and cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, its inherent limitations—such as low intrinsic electronic conductivity and structural degradation during cycling—continue to restrict its application in high-performance scenarios. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in understanding the failure mechanisms of LFP cathodes, including phase transitions and lattice defects arising from repeated lithium insertion/extraction, irreversible active lithium loss, metal impurity-induced interfacial failure, side reactions at the anode interface, and so on. Corresponding optimization strategies are discussed, such as metal ion doping, surface coating, SEI interface engineering, and other emerging modification methods aimed at enhancing ionic and electronic transport dynamics. Looking forward, we highlight that future research will focus on multiscale collaborative design and dynamic interface management. The integration of in situ characterization, materials genomics, and intelligent algorithms is expected to deepen the mechanistic understanding of failure modes and accelerate the development of LFP-based batteries toward higher energy density, improved safety, and extended cycle life.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70576","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cation-π Interaction-Based Biointerface for Low-Cost PD-1 Detection Toward NSCLC Immunotherapy Monitoring","authors":"Chunmin Jia, Yimin Lei, Hong Xu, Xin Meng, Yuxiang Wei, Peixian Li, Xiaohua Ma, Yue Hao, Xiaohui Jia","doi":"10.1002/admi.70608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70608","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a key biomarker for monitoring therapeutic response and resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) immunotherapy. Achieving highly sensitive, real-time detection of PD-1 is crucial for early prediction of treatment resistance and disease recurrence. However, current methods such as ELISA suffer from limitations in sensitivity, speed, and cost. To address these challenges, we develop a label-free biosensor based on semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNT-FETs). The sensing interface is designed by wrapping s-SWCNTs with poly[9-(1-octylnonyl)-9H-carbazole] (PCz), enabling immobilization of anti-PD-1 antibodies via cation-π interactions. XPS analysis confirms antibody immobilization via reversible binding energy shifts in C 1s and N 1s spectra upon salt treatment, consistent with cation-π interactions, further validated by NaCl and imidazole competition assays. Using this strategy, the sensor achieves a detection limit of 8.39 fg/mL for murine PD-1—three orders of magnitude lower than ELISA, along with good specificity and favorable regeneration capability. In human serum, it shows promising performance, with 12 out of 14 NSCLC patient samples (85.7%) exhibiting good linear correlation. With rapid response, low cost, and simple operation, this platform offers a reliable strategy for point-of-care PD-1 monitoring during NSCLC immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70608","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Al2O3 Ring Array by Infiltration Synthesis in Polystyrene Antidot Template","authors":"Gabriele Seguini, Alessia Motta, Jacopo Frascaroli, Guido Rademaker, Ahmed Gharbi, Raluca Tiron, Michele Perego, Graziella Tallarida","doi":"10.1002/admi.70610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70610","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The combination of block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly and a controllable molecular growth process as sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS) is a promising nanofabrication strategy for templating material. The self-assembly of BCP thin films leads to dense, ordered, organic nanostructures that can be exploited as surface modification layers or as masks for pattern transfer. SIS of inorganic materials into these nanostructured organic templates can originate organic/inorganic hybrids thanks to the selective binding of the metal precursor in the reactive component of the polymeric chains. Upon removal of the polymeric scaffold, the resulting inorganic morphologies mimic those of the self-assembled BCPs. SIS of TMA and H<sub>2</sub>O precursors in self-assembled PS-<i>b</i>-PMMA BCP is the reference system. To expand the library of morphologies pertinent to the BCP phase separation, in this work, a modification of the polymeric template is exploited. SIS is applied on thin films of out of plane cylinder forming PS-<i>b</i>-PMMA. Prior to SIS, the reactive PMMA component is partially or completely removed, originating in a PS antidot array. The O<sub>2</sub> plasma opening step makes reactive the surface layer of the initially non-reactive PS antidot array. The hexagonal pattern is still preserved, but the infiltrated nanostructures unfold a peculiar ring-shaped morphology.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70610","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inga Litzen, Jacek J. Walkowiak, Steven Zimmer, Meike Emondts, Rostislav Vinokur, Isabel K. Sommerfeld, Philippe Schumacher, Henk Schönheit, Dan E. Demco, Andrij Pich
{"title":"Surface-Anchored Microgel-Based Films as Anti-Icing Coatings","authors":"Inga Litzen, Jacek J. Walkowiak, Steven Zimmer, Meike Emondts, Rostislav Vinokur, Isabel K. Sommerfeld, Philippe Schumacher, Henk Schönheit, Dan E. Demco, Andrij Pich","doi":"10.1002/admi.70617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70617","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anti-icing agents are highly interesting for a variety of applications such as the cryopreservation of cells, but also as coatings for outdoor technical appliances, which reduce wear and increase safety through ice-phobic effects. In this work, microgels based on the biocompatible monomer <i>N-</i>vinylcaprolactam (VCL) and hydrophilic co-monomer 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium (VIM+) are applied as anti-icing coatings. Furthermore, microgels additionally containing the monomer 3-(acrylamido)phenylboronic acid (PBA-AA) are synthesized. These microgels bind to surface hydroxy groups (e.g., on glass or plasma-activated polymer films). Coating quality and enhanced durability are successfully demonstrated with different microscopy techniques. Tensile force measurements with a customized setup reveal an up to 90% lower ice adhesion force for polymer substrates coated with the synthesized microgels. The structure of the lubricating hydration layer and especially the presence of interfacial quasi-liquid water with restricted mobility, eventually leading to a freezing point depression, are studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multilayered Digital Microfluidic Chip for Cell-Based Assays","authors":"Mert Ozden, Oksana K. Savchak, Burcu Gumuscu","doi":"10.1002/admi.70559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70559","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Most conventional digital microfluidic (DMF) chips face challenges in balancing low actuation voltage, dielectric robustness, and minimal current leakage, thereby limiting their effectiveness and use for biological applications. In this work, we present a multilayered digital microfluidic (mDMF) chip incorporating a multilayer dielectric stack of silicon nitride and parylene C to achieve an optimal balance of these properties. The multilayered and compact electrode design creates two-fold more operational space, while the multilayer dielectric structure reduces actuation voltages down to 50 V, which demotes a stable two-fold reduction to conventional standards. Finite element analysis was employed to optimize the dielectric thicknesses, ensuring minimal current leakage under 10 nA, which is 100-fold below the biological detection threshold. Experimental validation was conducted through droplet actuation and water contact angle characterizations, identifying the optimal dielectric composition as 400-nm thick silicon nitride and 1-µm thick parylene C layer. The utility of mDMF chips in biological assays was demonstrated by culturing human-derived macrophages and fibroblasts under varying concentrations of cytochalasin D. Results indicated comparable experimental performance to conventional well plate assays, while utilizing over 2 orders of magnitude less sample volume. This advancement highlights the efficiency of DMF for cell-based assays and facilitates wider biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jisiyuan Qin, Yahui Xia, Shiqi Hu, Yongmin Wu, Mohammad Raza Miah, Ruizhe Lu, Yunhan Tang, Genyang Cao, Sakil Mahmud
{"title":"Aggregation-Controlled Vat Dyeing of Meta-Aramid Fibers: Mechanistic Insights and Suppression of Surface Dye Deposition","authors":"Jisiyuan Qin, Yahui Xia, Shiqi Hu, Yongmin Wu, Mohammad Raza Miah, Ruizhe Lu, Yunhan Tang, Genyang Cao, Sakil Mahmud","doi":"10.1002/admi.70618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70618","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Meta-aramid fibers (MAFs) exhibit poor dyeability because their highly crystalline structure restricts dye diffusion and fixation. Herein, we investigate how the supramolecular aggregation of an anthraquinone-based vat dye governs interfacial adsorption and dyeing behavior in carrier-assisted MAF systems. Using spectroscopy, particle-size analysis, quantum chemical calculations, and fiber structural characterization, a supramolecular structure-activity relationship linking dye aggregation, interfacial adsorption, and dyeing performance is established. Controlled reduction generates stable leuco species that promote moderate aggregation and favorable dye-fiber interactions, whereas excessive reduction, strong alkalinity, and carrier-enhanced aggregation produce oversized assemblies that hinder diffusion and increase surface deposition. Structural analysis reveals a pronounced size mismatch between dye aggregates and the compact MAF microstructure, indicating that dye uptake is governed primarily by aggregate-mediated interfacial adsorption rather than bulk diffusion. Aggregate size increased from 243 nm in the unreduced state to 291–564 nm after reduction, while the optimally reduced system achieved the highest color strength (K/S = 4.51) and fiber strength (7.1 cN). Temperature regulated the adsorption-diffusion equilibrium, with 110°C–120°C providing optimal dyeing performance. These findings establish a mechanistic framework that links supramolecular aggregation, interfacial adsorption, and dye transport and provide a strategy for suppressing surface dye deposition in high-performance fibers.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70618","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Radiation-Matter Interaction in Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown Two-Dimensional Tungsten Disulfide","authors":"Mongur Hossain, Biao Qin, Bo Li, Xidong Duan","doi":"10.1002/admi.202501099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202501099","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) have attracted immense interest due to their unique layer-dependent physical properties and wide applicability in electronics, optoelectronics, and sensing devices. However, their response to high-energy radiation, crucial for deployment in extreme environments, remains underexplored. In this work, we investigate the radiation-matter interaction in chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown tungsten disulfide (WS<sub>2</sub>). The material is irradiated with varying doses of γ-radiation ranging from 100 to 1000 Gy. The irradiated samples were systematically characterized using Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and magnetic measurements. The results reveal that γ-irradiation induces pronounced reductions in PL intensity, noticeable Raman peak shifts, and emerging magnetic responses at intermediate doses (≈500 Gy), indicating defect generation and lattice distortion. These findings enhance the understanding of γ-ray interactions with 2D semiconductors and suggest that controlled irradiation could serve as a viable approach for tailoring their structural and optical characteristics for advanced device applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.202501099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maren Umlandt, David Feldmann, Nino Lomadze, Svetlana Santer
{"title":"Surfactants as a Tool for Coupling Light Into Hydrodynamic Flow: The Influence of Surfactant Hydrophobicity and Head Polarity","authors":"Maren Umlandt, David Feldmann, Nino Lomadze, Svetlana Santer","doi":"10.1002/admi.70612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70612","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Light-driven diffusioosmosis (LDDO) harnesses interfacial solute gradients to generate controllable fluid flows at solid-liquid interfaces, enabling non-mechanical manipulation of colloids at micro- and nanoscales. We study how molecular properties of azobenzene containing surfactants such as hydrophobic tail length, head-group charge, polarity, and valency govern the magnitude, direction, and onset of flow. Modulated light induces reversible <i>trans-cis</i> isomerization, generating dynamic surfactant and micellar gradients that drive particles along surfaces, enabling transport, collection, and patterning. Tail hydrophobicity primarily determines the onset and maximum velocity of transport. In contrast, head-group valency plays a minor role due to interfacial charge regulation, indicating that solute-gradient-driven effects dominate over simple electrostatic screening arguments. Head-group polarity strongly affects flow direction: cationic and anionic surfactants yield flows governed by <i>cis</i>-isomer gradients, whereas non-ionic surfactant shows reversed motion linked to <i>trans</i>-isomer aggregation and adsorption. Temperature further modifies flow in non-ionic systems by altering aggregation and surface coverage. These results demonstrate that LDDO is governed by coupled processes of micellization, adsorption, and photoisomerization, enabling rational control of colloidal transport by molecular design. Overall, LDDO provides a reconfigurable light-driven platform for directing interfacial flows and manipulating colloids, with relevance for microfluidics, soft matter, and active materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70612","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}