Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics最新文献

{"title":"Shaking Table Tests of a Three-Story Re-Centering Steel Braced Frame with Sliding Slab Connected to Energy Dissipation Devices","authors":"Chung-Che Chou,&nbsp;Chi-Jeng Wu,&nbsp;Li-Yu Huang,&nbsp;Alvaro Córdova,&nbsp;Huang-Zuo Lin,&nbsp;Shu-Hsien Chao,&nbsp;Georgios Tsampras,&nbsp;Chia-Ming Uang,&nbsp;Shih-Ho Chao,&nbsp;Hsin-Yang Chung","doi":"10.1002/eqe.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reducing residual deformation or earthquake loads on the frame structure can enhance its seismic performance during ground motions. This study explores a novel system that uses a self-centering brace (SCB) to provide the re-centering capability of the frame and a sliding slab to reduce the system's acceleration. The floors are allowed to slide with respect to the re-centering steel frame by adding low-friction Teflon sheets, while various horizontal energy dissipating devices are used to enhance the seismic response of the frame. A self-centering disc-spring device is added to re-center the slab after sliding in Phase 1. In addition to the spring device, a friction device in Phase 2 or a steel-only sandwiched buckling-restrained brace in Phase 3 is incorporated. The floor is “rigidly” connected to the frame in Phase 4, simulating a typical frame construction. Four phases, comprising 32 shaking table tests, were conducted on the specimen. A near-fault motion record from the 2022 Guanshan and Chihshang earthquake was used. Phase 1 tests demonstrated that the SCB and horizontal disc-spring device could fully re-center both the frame and sliding slab at the maximum-considered earthquake (MCE) level. In Phases 2 and 3, the addition of horizontal energy dissipating devices to the frame reduced slab movement but resulted in higher floor acceleration compared to Phase 1 tests. Compared to Phase 4, the effect of the sliding slab caused a roof drift reduction of 23% and 18%, and a base shear reduction of 15% and 5%, in Phases 2 and 3, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>A new steel system is evaluated by using self-centering brace to provide the re-centering capability of the frame and a sliding slab to reduce the system's acceleration.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Evaluate the seismic performance by conducting 32 shaking table tests on the full-scale, three-story steel frame in four different phases.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The sliding slab, equipped with SCSDs in parallel with horizontal energy dissipation devices (i.e., FD or H-SBRB), reduced the seismic force on the frame compared to typical steel frames.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The residual displacement of the frame specimen with the self-centering brace is very small at an earthquake intensity close to two times the MCE level.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11390,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics","volume":"54 15","pages":"3746-3767"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145487090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Horizontal Vibration Control Mechanism and Optimization for Pipeline Structures with the Placement Effect of Multi-Cavity Particle Damper","authors":"Jian-yang Xue,&nbsp;Yi-meng Zhao,&nbsp;Bao-shun Wang,&nbsp;Yan-bo Bu,&nbsp;Peng Pan","doi":"10.1002/eqe.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pipeline vibrations are a major contributor to structural fatigue and leakage incidents, resulting in significant economic losses and environmental hazards. Particle dampers have demonstrated strong effectiveness in suppressing pipeline vibrations. However, existing research on pipeline vibration control has largely overlooked the impact of the placement of particle dampers, limiting their practical engineering applications. To address this challenge, the multi-cavity particle damper (MPD) with high damping effect is taken as the research object. A mechanical model of an MPD-controlled pipeline incorporating placement effects was first developed, alongside an innovative simulation methodology. Subsequently, horizontal vibration control tests were conducted to validate the accuracy of the mechanical model. The effects of MPD parameters and placement on the damping performance were then investigated, and the optimal parameters and placement were obtained. Finally, an optimization design process was proposed for MPD-controlled pipelines under multi-modal broadband excitation. The results indicate that MPDs exhibit a significant damping effect under resonant excitation, achieving a damping rate of up to 97.31%. Additionally, adjusting the placement of MPDs can effectively enhance damping performance under non-resonant excitation. By optimizing MPD parameters and placement under low-order modal broadband excitation, the performance of MPDs under multi-modal broadband excitation can be significantly improved. The proposed optimization design process provides a scientific basis for designing MPD-based vibration control solutions for pipelines operating under complex conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Proposing a mechanical model of an MPD-controlled pipeline, incorporating the effects of damper placement.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Validating the significant damping effect of the MPD on multi-order modes of the controlled pipeline.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Exploring the influence of MPD displacement on its vibration reduction effect.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Proposing an optimization method for the MPD-controlled pipeline under multi-modal broadband excitation.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Discussing the vibration control design for the MPD-controlled pipeline.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11390,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics","volume":"54 14","pages":"3630-3650"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Training and Validation of Parameterized Probabilistic Learning on Manifolds Surrogate Model for Seismic Performance Assessment of Highway Bridges","authors":"Jeonghyun Lee,&nbsp;Meredith Lochhead,&nbsp;Kuanshi Zhong,&nbsp;Gregory G. Deierlein","doi":"10.1002/eqe.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surrogate modeling using Probabilistic Learning on Manifolds (PLoM) was found to be an effective and efficient approach for predicting site-specific or structure-specific collapse fragility and non-collapse response demand distributions. This study extends the application of PLoM surrogate modeling to site-and-structure specific problems, which is a promising alternative to the computationally expensive ground motion selection and nonlinear response history analysis when assessing the seismic performance of highway bridges (e.g., peak response demand, cumulative damage, and collapse risk). A systematic procedure is proposed to train parameterized PLoM surrogate models from incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) data and predict site-and-structure-specific collapse fragility and non-collapse engineering demand parameter (EDP) distributions for highway bridges. A quasi-stripe training approach is illustrated to effectively tune two PLoM hyperparameters <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>ε</mi>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>d</mi>\u0000 <mi>b</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>$epsilon _{db}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>ε</mi>\u0000 <mi>k</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>$epsilon _{k}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> as functions of spectral acceleration intensity <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>S</mi>\u0000 <mi>a</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$Sa$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, which yields good model prediction accuracy at varying <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>S</mi>\u0000 <mi>a</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$Sa$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> intensity levels. A comprehensive validation study is conducted on both the collapse and non-collapse EDP predictions for nine different site-bridge combinations of three California sites and three pre-1971 two-span single column bridges. The proposed training and prediction procedure is implemented to obtain PLoM prediction results, which are found to be in good agreement with multiple stripe analysis (MSA) results regarding (1) mean annual frequency of collapse, (2) probabilistic distribution of individual non-collapse EDPs, and (3) correlation coefficients and empirical copulas between data dimensions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11390,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics","volume":"54 15","pages":"3726-3745"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Seismic Response Assessment of Tall Buildings With Large Mass Damping","authors":"Miguel Martinez-Paneda,&nbsp;Ahmed Y. Elghazouli,&nbsp;Kevin Gouder,&nbsp;William Algaard","doi":"10.1002/eqe.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.70050","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This paper describes an experimental investigation into the seismic performance of a novel integrated damping system. The proposed damping concept mobilises a portion of the building's own mass to generate damping from its differential motion relative to the lateral load-resisting system. In order to assess the viability and effectiveness of the system under seismic loading, experimental investigations are performed using a 1:300 dynamically scaled physical model of a 300 m tall building. The scaled model is developed using a proposed multivariable genetic algorithm optimisation workflow that enables precise design and fabrication while explicitly incorporating the damping system. Harmonic and seismic tests are then carried out on a number of damped and undamped model variations using several ground motion excitations and multiple intensity levels. The experimental results are compared with finite element simulations of both the full-scale prototype as well as a digital twin of the dynamically scaled model. The experimental results demonstrate the ability of the integrated large mass damping system to significantly reduce the structural response, with average peak reductions in accelerations and displacements of about 40% and minimal differential displacements between the lateral load-resisting system and the floors. Complementary numerical studies are additionally used to evaluate the influence of the mass ratio and other key damping parameters and to illustrate the feasibility of partial-height implementation to maximise efficiency and resilience while significantly reducing costs. The findings highlight the effectiveness and robustness of the damping approach for enhancing seismic resilience in tall buildings, with the potential to deliver substantial reductions in both construction cost and embodied carbon.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Summary&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;div&gt;\u0000 &lt;ul&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;\u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study describes an experimental investigation into the seismic performance of a novel large mass integrated damping system.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;\u0000 &lt;p&gt;A scaled physical model of a 300 m tall building is developed using a proposed multi-variable genetic optimization workflow.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;\u0000 &lt;p&gt;Harmonic and seismic tests are carried out on damped and undamped physical model variations and compared with numerical simulations.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;\u0000 &lt;p&gt;The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed damping arrangement in providing substantial reductions in","PeriodicalId":11390,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics","volume":"54 15","pages":"3707-3725"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eqe.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145487024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of Minimum Phase Digital FIR Notch Filter for Real-Time Hybrid Simulation","authors":"Minyeop Kim,&nbsp;Chunghyun Lee,&nbsp;Yunbyeong Chae","doi":"10.1002/eqe.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Resonance in actuator dynamics poses critical instability and control challenges, particularly in real-time hybrid simulations (RTHSs). During rapid control, unintended resonance can induce instability, thereby compromising the accuracy of the experimental outcomes. Servo-hydraulic actuators—implemented in RTHS for their robust actuation capabilities—are inherently prone to oscillations resulting from the oil-column compressions, leading to contamination in the measurements with resonant frequencies. Traditionally, mitigating this issue required extensive tuning of control parameters, which demanded significant time and effort. To resolve the above-mentioned control challenges, a novel design method for a minimum phase finite impulse response notch (MPFN) filter is proposed. The performance of the MPFN filter in resonance suppression is thoroughly validated through numerical simulations, RTHS using an electromagnetic linear actuator, and experimental applications with servo-hydraulic actuators. The results demonstrate that the proposed MPFN filter not only eliminates the need for exhaustive control parameter tuning but also enhances experimental performance across all tested conditions, ensuring improved stability and accuracy in a wide range of experimental settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Development of a minimum phase digital FIR notch (MPFN) filter that can effectively suppress the vibration at the given frequency, while minimizing the time delay.\u0000</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Experimental validation of the proposed MPFN filter by conducting RTHS using an electromagnetic linear motor that mimics the oil-column resonance of a typical servo-hydraulic actuator.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Further experimental validation of the proposed MPFN filter by conducting RTHS with a friction pendulum (FP) bearing by using servo-hydraulic actuators.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The MPFN filter was validated to be effective in reducing the oil-column resonance, enhancing the stability and accuracy of RTHS results.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11390,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics","volume":"54 14","pages":"3610-3629"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time History Iteration Method for Offline Real-Time Hybrid Testing Involving Multiple Experimental Substructures","authors":"Youming Guo,&nbsp;Peng Pan","doi":"10.1002/eqe.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Real-time hybrid testing (RTHT) is an effective approach for obtaining the dynamic response of large and complex structures, but achieving real-time performance is highly challenging. In recent years, an offline RTHT method has been proposed, where the loading of the experimental substructure and the computation of the numerical substructure are performed independently. Compared to conventional online RTHT, offline RTHT demonstrates significant advantages in terms of accuracy, stability, and cost. In the scenarios involving multiple experimental substructures, it can further reduce the cost of the testing system. However, the existing offline RTHT methods are primarily employed in single experimental substructure scenarios and have difficulties being applied in multiple experimental substructure scenarios. In this study, a Time History Iteration (THI) method and an Accelerated Time History Iteration (ATHI) method are proposed for application in offline RTHT involving multiple experimental substructures. System identification and virtual iteration are performed to accelerate the iteration process. The proposed methods are validated through offline RTHTs for a dual-TMD wind resistance problem. The test results demonstrate that the proposed THI method enables the reuse of the same testing equipment and specimen in offline RTHT. Meanwhile, the proposed ATHI method significantly accelerates the convergence process while ensuring stability and accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Compared to conventional real-time hybrid testing (RTHT), the offline RTHT method can reduce testing costs by lowering hardware and software requirements, particularly in experiments involving multiple experimental substructures.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>A Time History Iteration (THI) method is developed to enable the repeated use of testing equipment and specimens, thereby substantially decreasing the complexity and cost of the testing system.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>An Accelerated Time History Iteration (ATHI) method is developed to further reduce test cost by system identification and virtual iteration.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The proposed methods are validated through offline RTHTs for a dual-TMD wind resistance problem.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11390,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics","volume":"54 13","pages":"3475-3493"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic Seismic Performance Assessment of an RC Bridge Considering Corrosion-Affected Bond-Slip and Steel Bar Buckling","authors":"Shaghayegh Abtahi,&nbsp;Yong Li","doi":"10.1002/eqe.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reinforced concrete (RC) bridges are designed to remain safe and functional for their lifetime, during which the impacts of aging may result in performance degradation. Steel bar corrosion is one of the most common causes of structural performance degradation in RC structures subjected to earthquakes in seismic-prone areas. Therefore, to ensure the adequate seismic performance of RC bridges over the course of their life, it is necessary to investigate the effect of corrosion on seismic performance prediction. To this end, this research work uses the recently developed tools for seismic performance assessment, including advanced finite element (FE) modeling strategies for corroded RC structures. The newly developed advanced FE modeling strategy can capture the corrosion impact on bonding between steel bars and surrounding concrete, as well as the vulnerability of steel bars to buckling, in addition to other effects on the steel bar cross-sectional area, cover concrete spalling, and confinement level for core concrete. Using these newly developed strategies, the seismic performance of an RC bridge, impacted by corrosion over the course of its life, is examined in a probabilistic framework. In particular, it has been demonstrated that the conventional FE modeling approach, which neglects the corrosion-affected bond-slip and steel bar buckling, would lead to underestimated seismic risk for corroded RC bridges, specifically the seismic risk associated with the post-peak behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":11390,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics","volume":"54 14","pages":"3594-3609"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eqe.70045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Perspectives in Causal Relationships Between the Response of a Rocking Block and Intensity Measures via Ensemble Machine Learning Methodologies","authors":"Stefan K. W. Chu,&nbsp;Anastasios I. Giouvanidis,&nbsp;Cheng Ning Loong,&nbsp;Elias G. Dimitrakopoulos","doi":"10.1002/eqe.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper investigates the ability of machine learning (ML) to characterise the response of rocking structures when subjected to recorded earthquakes. In particular, it uses the structural parameters of a rigid block and strong ground motion characteristics to train two random forest (RF) models. The first model predicts whether a block, given that it initiates rocking motion, overturns or undergoes safe rocking, and identifies the main variables, i.e., structural and ground motion features, that govern such classification. Provided no overturning occurs, the second RF model predicts the peak rocking rotation of a block under ground motion records. Importantly, this study also employs interpretable ML techniques (such as partial dependence plots and SHAP additive explanations) to identify causal relationships between strong ground motion parameters and rocking response. The analysis shows that under high-intensity earthquakes, the peak ground velocity (PGV) governs the overturning of a rocking block. For earthquakes of moderate intensity, overturning becomes a more interactive phenomenon where the PGV, frequency/period and duration characteristics of the seismic signal contribute. Finally, this research shows that high safe rocking amplitude is also interactive, with velocity, displacement, (mean) frequency/period, and duration characteristics of the ground excitation playing a pivotal role.</p>","PeriodicalId":11390,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics","volume":"54 14","pages":"3576-3593"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eqe.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online Cyber-Physical Neural Network Model for Real-Time Hybrid Simulation","authors":"Faisal Nissar Malik,&nbsp;Liang Cao,&nbsp;James Ricles,&nbsp;Austin Downey","doi":"10.1002/eqe.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) is an experimental testing methodology that divides a structural system into an analytical and an experimental substructure. The analytical substructure is modeled numerically, and the experimental substructure is modeled physically in the laboratory. The two substructures are kinematically linked together at their interface degrees of freedom, and the coupled equations of motion are solved in real-time to obtain the response of the complete system. A key challenge in applying RTHS to large or complex structures is the limited availability of physical devices, which makes it difficult to represent all required experimental components simultaneously. The present study addresses this challenge by introducing Online Cyber-Physical Neural Network (OCP-NN) models–neural network-based models of physical devices that are integrated in real-time with the experimental substructure during an RTHS. The OCP-NN framework leverages real-time data from a single physical device (i.e., the experimental substructure) to replicate its behavior at other locations in the system, thereby significantly reducing the need for multiple physical devices. The proposed method is demonstrated through RTHS of a two-story reinforced concrete frame subjected to seismic excitation and equipped with Banded Rotary Friction Dampers (BRFDs) in each story. BRFDs are challenging to model numerically due to their complex behavior which includes backlash, stick-slip phenomena, and inherent device dynamics. Consequently, BRFDs were selected to demonstrate the proposed framework. In the RTHS, one BRFD is modeled physically by the experimental substructure, while the other is represented by the OCP-NN model. The results indicate that the OCP-NN model can accurately capture the behavior of the device in real-time. This approach offers a practical solution for improving RTHS of complex structural systems with limited experimental resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":11390,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics","volume":"54 13","pages":"3457-3474"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eqe.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Issue: Large-Scale Testing of Earthquake-Resistant Structures: Accomplishments and Future Challenges","authors":"Dimitrios G. Lignos,&nbsp;Larry A. Fahnestock","doi":"10.1002/eqe.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Advanced experimental techniques for dynamic and quasi-static testing</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Quantification of system-level effects via physical experimentation</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Robust identification of dynamic and mechanical properties of structures via state-of-the-art instrumentation</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Techniques for robust data storage and curation that enable data reuse for contemporary research</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Effective use of experimental data and methods for the further advancement of earthquake engineering</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11390,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics","volume":"54 14","pages":"3515-3518"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}