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Balancing limited resources in actin network competition. 动态网络竞争中有限资源的平衡。
IF 8.1 1区 生物学
Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.067
Christophe Guérin, Anne-Betty N'Diaye, Laurène Gressin, Alex Mogilner, Manuel Théry, Laurent Blanchoin, Alexandra Colin
{"title":"Balancing limited resources in actin network competition.","authors":"Christophe Guérin, Anne-Betty N'Diaye, Laurène Gressin, Alex Mogilner, Manuel Théry, Laurent Blanchoin, Alexandra Colin","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In cells, multiple actin networks coexist in a dynamic manner. These networks compete for a common pool of actin monomers and actin-binding proteins. Interestingly, all of these networks manage to coexist despite the strong competition for resources. Moreover, the coexistence of networks with various strengths is key to cell adaptation to external changes. However, a comprehensive view of how these networks coexist in this competitive environment, where resources are limited, is still lacking. To address this question, we used a reconstituted system, in closed microwells, consisting of beads propelled by actin polymerization or micropatterns functionalized with lipids capable of initiating polymerization close to a membrane. This system enabled us to build dynamic actin architectures, competing for a limited pool of proteins, over a period of hours. We demonstrated the importance of protein turnover for the coexistence of actin networks, showing that it ensures resource distribution between weak and strong networks. However, when competition becomes too intense, turnover alone is insufficient, leading to a selection process that favors the strongest networks. Consequently, we emphasize the importance of competition strength, which is defined by the turnover rate, the amount of available protein, and the number of competing structures. More generally, this work illustrates how turnover allows biological populations with various competition strengths to coexist despite resource constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142964276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Separate sites of action for cry1 and phot1 blue-light receptors in the Arabidopsis hypocotyl. 拟南芥下胚轴中cry1和pho1蓝光受体的分离作用位点。
IF 8.1 1区 生物学
Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-06 Epub Date: 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.021
Julian A Bustamante, Nathan D Miller, Edgar P Spalding
{"title":"Separate sites of action for cry1 and phot1 blue-light receptors in the Arabidopsis hypocotyl.","authors":"Julian A Bustamante, Nathan D Miller, Edgar P Spalding","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid cell expansion pushes the Arabidopsis hypocotyl (juvenile stem) through the soil until blue light, acting first through phototropin 1 (phot1) and then through cryptochrome 1 (cry1), suppresses elongation to produce a length characteristic of established, photosynthetically capable seedlings. To determine where these two different blue-light receptors act to suppress hypocotyl elongation, we measured relative elemental growth rate, specifically along the hypocotyl midline at 5-min intervals before and during blue light, using a machine-learning-based image analysis pipeline designed specifically for this kinematic analysis of growth. In darkness, hypocotyl material expanded most rapidly (approximately 4% h<sup>-1</sup>) in a broad zone approximately 1 mm below the apical terminus of the hypocotyl (cotyledonary node). Blue light, acting through phot1, rapidly inhibited expansion in this zone, while simultaneously stimulating unexpanded cells in a very narrow, more apical region. Nuclear cry1, and not its cytoplasmic pool, counteracted the phot1-initiated expansion of the small cells in this apical region, preventing them from entering the more basal elongation zone. In a cry1 mutant, expansion of these apical cells proceeded unchecked, reaching rates as high as 6% h<sup>-1</sup> to produce the iconic cry1 long-hypocotyl phenotype. The new spatial information shows where to focus future cell and molecular studies of cry1 and phot1 signaling mechanisms and, ecologically, indicates that a seedling may use an apical reservoir of elongation potential to reenter a lit environment should a natural darkening event such as soil disturbance deactivate cry1.</p>","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"100-108.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Planar polarized force propagation integrates cell behavior with tissue shaping during convergent extension. 平面极化力传播整合了细胞行为和组织成形在会聚延伸。
IF 8.1 1区 生物学
Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-06 Epub Date: 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.10.070
Shinuo Weng, Masaya Hayashi, Yasuhiro Inoue, John B Wallingford
{"title":"Planar polarized force propagation integrates cell behavior with tissue shaping during convergent extension.","authors":"Shinuo Weng, Masaya Hayashi, Yasuhiro Inoue, John B Wallingford","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.10.070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.10.070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Convergent extension (CE) is an evolutionarily conserved developmental process that elongates tissues and organs via collective cell movements known as cell intercalation. Here, we sought to understand the mechanisms connecting cell behaviors and tissue shaping. We focus on an often-overlooked aspect of cell intercalation, the resolution of 4-cell vertices. Our data reveal that imbalanced cellular forces are involved in a timely vertex resolution, which, in turn, enables the propagation of such cellular forces, facilitating the propagation of tissue-scale CE. Conversely, delayed vertex resolution leads to a subtle but significant change in tissue-wide cell packing and exerts a profound impact by blocking force propagation, resulting in CE propagation defects. Our findings propose a collaborative nature of local cell intercalations in propagating tissue-wide CE. It unveils a multiscale biomechanical synergy underpinning the cellular mechanisms that orchestrate tissue morphogenesis during CE.</p>","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10.e3"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11706704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PITX2 expression and Neanderthal introgression in HS3ST3A1 contribute to variation in tooth dimensions in modern humans. PITX2的表达和尼安德特人对HS3ST3A1的引入导致了现代人牙齿尺寸的变化。
IF 8.1 1区 生物学
Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-06 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.027
Qing Li, Pierre Faux, Emma Wentworth Winchester, Guangrui Yang, Yingjie Chen, Luis Miguel Ramírez, Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo, Lauriane Poloni, Emilie Steimetz, Rolando Gonzalez-José, Victor Acuña, Maria-Cátira Bortolini, Giovanni Poletti, Carla Gallo, Francisco Rothhammer, Winston Rojas, Youyi Zheng, James C Cox, Vaishali Patel, Matthew P Hoffman, Li Ding, Chenchen Peng, Justin Cotney, Nicolas Navarro, Timothy C Cox, Miguel Delgado, Kaustubh Adhikari, Andrés Ruiz-Linares
{"title":"PITX2 expression and Neanderthal introgression in HS3ST3A1 contribute to variation in tooth dimensions in modern humans.","authors":"Qing Li, Pierre Faux, Emma Wentworth Winchester, Guangrui Yang, Yingjie Chen, Luis Miguel Ramírez, Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo, Lauriane Poloni, Emilie Steimetz, Rolando Gonzalez-José, Victor Acuña, Maria-Cátira Bortolini, Giovanni Poletti, Carla Gallo, Francisco Rothhammer, Winston Rojas, Youyi Zheng, James C Cox, Vaishali Patel, Matthew P Hoffman, Li Ding, Chenchen Peng, Justin Cotney, Nicolas Navarro, Timothy C Cox, Miguel Delgado, Kaustubh Adhikari, Andrés Ruiz-Linares","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental morphology varies greatly throughout evolution, including in the human lineage, but little is known about the biology of this variation. Here, we use multiomics analyses to examine the genetics of variation in tooth crown dimensions. In a human cohort with mixed continental ancestry, we detected genome-wide significant associations at 18 genome regions. One region includes EDAR, a gene known to impact dental features in East Asians. Furthermore, we find that EDAR variants increase the mesiodistal diameter of all teeth, following an anterior-posterior gradient of decreasing strength. Among the 17 novel-associated regions, we replicate 7/13 in an independent human cohort and find that 4/12 orthologous regions affect molar size in mice. Two association signals point to compelling candidate genes. One is ∼61 kb from PITX2, a major determinant of tooth development. Another overlaps HS3ST3A1, a paralogous neighbor of HS3ST3B1, a tooth enamel knot factor. We document the expression of Pitx2 and Hs3st3a1 in enamel knot and dental epithelial cells of developing mouse incisors. Furthermore, associated SNPs in PITX2 and HS3ST3A1 overlap enhancers active in these cells, suggesting a role for these SNPs in gene regulation during dental development. In addition, we document that Pitx2 and Hs3st3a1/Hs3st3b1 knockout mice show alterations in dental morphology. Finally, we find that associated SNPs in HS3ST3A1 are in a DNA tract introgressed from Neanderthals, consistent with an involvement of HS3ST3A1 in tooth size variation during human evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"131-144.e6"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Memory-based predictions prime perceptual judgments across head turns in immersive, real-world scenes. 基于记忆的预测在沉浸式的真实场景中,通过头部转动来启动感知判断。
IF 8.1 1区 生物学
Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-06 Epub Date: 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.024
Anna Mynick, Adam Steel, Adithi Jayaraman, Thomas L Botch, Allie Burrows, Caroline E Robertson
{"title":"Memory-based predictions prime perceptual judgments across head turns in immersive, real-world scenes.","authors":"Anna Mynick, Adam Steel, Adithi Jayaraman, Thomas L Botch, Allie Burrows, Caroline E Robertson","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Each view of our environment captures only a subset of our immersive surroundings. Yet, our visual experience feels seamless. A puzzle for human neuroscience is to determine what cognitive mechanisms enable us to overcome our limited field of view and efficiently anticipate new views as we sample our visual surroundings. Here, we tested whether memory-based predictions of upcoming scene views facilitate efficient perceptual judgments across head turns. We tested this hypothesis using immersive, head-mounted virtual reality (VR). After learning a set of immersive real-world environments, participants (n = 101 across 4 experiments) were briefly primed with a single view from a studied environment and then turned left or right to make a perceptual judgment about an adjacent scene view. We found that participants' perceptual judgments were faster when they were primed with images from the same (vs. neutral or different) environments. Importantly, priming required memory: it only occurred in learned (vs. novel) environments, where the link between adjacent scene views was known. Further, consistent with a role in supporting active vision, priming only occurred in the direction of planned head turns and only benefited judgments for scene views presented in their learned spatiotopic positions. Taken together, we propose that memory-based predictions facilitate rapid perception across large-scale visual actions, such as head and body movements, and may be critical for efficient behavior in complex immersive environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"121-130.e6"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Retinal direction of motion is reliably transmitted to visual cortex through highly selective thalamocortical connections. 视网膜运动方向通过高度选择性的丘脑皮质连接可靠地传递到视觉皮层。
IF 8.1 1区 生物学
Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-06 Epub Date: 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.013
Chuyi Su, Rosangela F Mendes-Platt, Jose-Manuel Alonso, Harvey A Swadlow, Yulia Bereshpolova
{"title":"Retinal direction of motion is reliably transmitted to visual cortex through highly selective thalamocortical connections.","authors":"Chuyi Su, Rosangela F Mendes-Platt, Jose-Manuel Alonso, Harvey A Swadlow, Yulia Bereshpolova","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Motion perception is crucial to animal survival and effective environmental interactions. In mammals, detection of movement begins in the retina. Directionally selective (DS) retinal ganglion cells were first discovered in the rabbit eye,<sup>1</sup> and they have since been found in mouse,<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup> cat,<sup>4</sup> and monkey.<sup>5</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup> These DS retinal neurons contact a small population of neurons in the visual thalamus (dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus [LGN]) that are highly DS.<sup>7</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>8</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>9</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>10</sup> The primary visual cortex (V1) also contains DS neurons, but whether directional selectivity in V1 emerges de novo<sup>11</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>12</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>13</sup> or is inherited from DS thalamic inputs<sup>14</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>15</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>16</sup> remains unclear. We previously found that LGN-DS neurons generate strong and focal synaptic currents in rabbit V1, similar to those generated by LGN concentric cells.<sup>17</sup> Thus, the synaptic drive generated by LGN-DS neurons in V1 is spatially well situated to influence the firing of layer 4 (L4) simple cells, most of which show strong directional selectivity.<sup>18</sup> However, two important questions remain: do LGN-DS neurons synaptically target DS simple cells in L4, and, if so, do they contribute to the directional preferences of these V1 DS neurons? We used spike-train cross-correlation analysis of pairs of LGN-DS and L4 simple cells to address these questions. We found that LGN-DS neurons do target L4 DS simple cells and that the targeting is highly selective, largely following a simple set of \"connectivity rules.\" We conclude that this highly selective thalamocortical connectivity of LGN-DS neurons contributes to the sharp directional selectivity of cortical simple cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"217-223.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Layer-specific anatomical and physiological features of the retina's neurovascular unit. 视网膜神经血管单元的特定层解剖学和生理学特征。
IF 8.1 1区 生物学
Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-06 Epub Date: 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.023
William N Grimes, David M Berson, Adit Sabnis, Mrinalini Hoon, Raunak Sinha, Hua Tian, Jeffrey S Diamond
{"title":"Layer-specific anatomical and physiological features of the retina's neurovascular unit.","authors":"William N Grimes, David M Berson, Adit Sabnis, Mrinalini Hoon, Raunak Sinha, Hua Tian, Jeffrey S Diamond","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The neurovascular unit (NVU), comprising vascular, glial, and neural elements, supports the energetic demands of neural computation, but this aspect of the retina's trilaminar vessel network is poorly understood. Only the innermost vessel layer-the superficial vascular plexus (SVP)-is associated with astrocytes, like brain capillaries, whereas radial Müller glia interact with vessels in the other layers. Using serial electron microscopic reconstructions from mouse and primate retina, we find that Müller processes cover capillaries in a tessellating pattern, mirroring the wrapping of brain capillaries by tiled astrocytic endfeet. Gaps in the Müller sheath, found mainly in the intermediate vascular plexus (IVP), permit diverse neuron types to contact pericytes and the endothelial cells directly. Pericyte somata are a favored target, often at spine-like structures with reduced or absent vascular basement lamina. Focal application of ATP to the vitreal surface evoked Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals in Müller sheaths in all three vascular layers. Pharmacological experiments confirmed that Müller sheaths express purinergic receptors that, when activated, trigger intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals that are amplified by inositol triphosphate (IP<sub>3</sub>)-controlled intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> stores. When rod photoreceptors die in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa (rd10), Müller sheaths dissociate from the deep vascular plexus (DVP) but are largely unchanged within the IVP or SVP. Thus, Müller glia interact with retinal vessels in a laminar, compartmentalized manner: glial sheaths are virtually complete in the SVP but fenestrated in the IVP, permitting direct neurovascular contacts. In the DVP, the glial sheath is only modestly fenestrated and is vulnerable to photoreceptor degeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"109-120.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The oldest mysticete in the Northern Hemisphere. 北半球最古老的神秘动物。
IF 8.1 1区 生物学
Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-06 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.014
Cheng-Hsiu Tsai, James L Goedert, Robert W Boessenecker
{"title":"The oldest mysticete in the Northern Hemisphere.","authors":"Cheng-Hsiu Tsai, James L Goedert, Robert W Boessenecker","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"231"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Running performance in Australopithecus afarensis. 澳洲古猿的奔跑能力。
IF 8.1 1区 生物学
Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-06 Epub Date: 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.025
Karl T Bates, Sian McCormack, Evie Donald, Samuel Coatham, Charlotte A Brassey, James Charles, Thomas O'Mahoney, Pasha A van Bijlert, William I Sellers
{"title":"Running performance in Australopithecus afarensis.","authors":"Karl T Bates, Sian McCormack, Evie Donald, Samuel Coatham, Charlotte A Brassey, James Charles, Thomas O'Mahoney, Pasha A van Bijlert, William I Sellers","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evolution of bipedal gait is a key adaptive feature in hominids,<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>8</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>9</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>10</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>11</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>12</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>13</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>14</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>15</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>16</sup> but the running abilities of early hominins have not been extensively studied.<sup>2</sup> Here, we present physics simulations of Australopithecus afarensis that demonstrate this genus was mechanically capable of bipedal running but with absolute and relative (size-normalized) maximum speeds considerably inferior to modern humans. Simulations predicted running energetics for Australopithecus that are generally consistent with values for mammals and birds of similar body size, therefore suggesting relatively low cost of transport across a limited speed range. Through model parameterization, we demonstrate the key role of ankle extensor muscle architecture (e.g., the Achilles tendon) in the evolution of hominin running energetics and indeed in an increase in speed range, which may have been intrinsically coupled with enhanced endurance running capacity. We show that skeletal strength was unlikely to have been a limiting factor in the evolution of enhanced running ability, which instead resulted from changes to muscle anatomy and particularly overall body proportions. These findings support the hypothesis that key features in the human body plan evolved specifically for improved running performance<sup>2</sup>,<sup>3</sup> and not merely as a byproduct of selection for enhanced walking capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"224-230.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Century-old herbarium specimen provides insights into Pierce's disease of grapevines emergence in the Americas. 百年历史的植物标本馆标本提供了对美洲葡萄藤出现的皮尔斯病的见解。
IF 8.1 1区 生物学
Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-06 Epub Date: 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.029
Monica A Donegan, Alexandra K Kahn, Nathalie Becker, Andreina Castillo Siri, Paola E Campos, Karine Boyer, Alison Colwell, Martial Briand, Rodrigo P P Almeida, Adrien Rieux
{"title":"Century-old herbarium specimen provides insights into Pierce's disease of grapevines emergence in the Americas.","authors":"Monica A Donegan, Alexandra K Kahn, Nathalie Becker, Andreina Castillo Siri, Paola E Campos, Karine Boyer, Alison Colwell, Martial Briand, Rodrigo P P Almeida, Adrien Rieux","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fossils and other preserved specimens are integral for informing timing and evolutionary history in every biological system. By isolating a plant pathogen genome from herbarium-preserved diseased grapevine material from 1906 (Herb_1906), we were able to answer questions about an enigmatic system. The emergence of Pierce's disease (PD) of grapevine has shaped viticultural production in North America; yet, there are uncertainties about the geographic origin of the pathogen (Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa, Xff) and the timing and route of its introduction. We produced a high-quality, de novo genome assembly of this historical plant pathogen and confirmed degradation patterns unique to ancient DNA. Due to the inclusion of the Herb_1906 sample, we were able to generate a significant temporal signal in the genomic data. This allowed us to build a time-calibrated phylogeny, where we estimate the introduction of Xff into the US between 1734 and 1741 CE, an earlier time frame than previously inferred. In a large collection of >300 Xff genomes, the Herb_1906 sample was genetically most similar to a small population from Northern California but not basal to the entire Xff California clade. Based on phylogenetic placement and a phylogeographic reconstruction, our data support a single introduction of Xff into the Southeastern US from Central America, with multiple subsequent introductions into California.</p>","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"145-153.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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