Current Biology最新文献_第6页

The macaque IT cortex but not current artificial vision networks encode object position in perceptually aligned coordinates. 猕猴的IT皮层，而不是目前的人工视觉网络，将物体位置编码为感知对齐的坐标。

IF 7.7 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-19 Epub Date: 2026-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.019

Elizaveta Yakubovskaya, Hamidreza Ramezanpour, Matteo Dunnhofer, Kohitij Kar

{"title":"The macaque IT cortex but not current artificial vision networks encode object position in perceptually aligned coordinates.","authors":"Elizaveta Yakubovskaya, Hamidreza Ramezanpour, Matteo Dunnhofer, Kohitij Kar","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient interaction with the visual world requires not only object identification but also localization of where objects are in space. While spatial (\"where\") processing has classically been attributed to dorsal stream pathways, recent work has shown that object position can also be decoded from ventral stream responses, including the inferior temporal (IT) cortex. However, because object position in these paradigms is coupled to pixel-based location, it has remained unclear whether ventral stream position signals are perceptually meaningful or instead reflect incidental inheritance from retinotopic inputs. Here, we address this question by leveraging a visual illusion, the motion aftereffect, to dissociate perceived object position from retinal location while holding visual input constant. Combining intracortical recordings in macaque IT with matched human psychophysics, we show that motion adaptation induces direction-opponent biases in IT population codes for object position that mirror human perceptual reports, despite unchanged pixel-level input. Motion adaptation reshapes IT representational geometry that likely contributes to these perceptual biases. Extending these findings to artificial vision systems, we observe that feedforward, recurrent, and state-of-the-art video-based neural networks fail to exhibit adaptation-induced position shifts, despite accurately encoding object position. Interestingly, imposing empirically derived IT-based transformations on model features is sufficient to simulate the effect, revealing adaptation-driven representational warping as a missing computational ingredient in artificial vision systems. Together, these results identify IT as a candidate locus of perceptually aligned spatial coding, reveal adaptation-driven representational restructuring as a mechanism linking neural dynamics to perception, and expose a principled gap between biological and artificial vision.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"5383-5398.e8"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The deep-time history of soils and plants. 土壤和植物的悠久历史。

IF 7.7 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2026.02.021

Christine Strullu-Derrien, Matthias C Rillig

{"title":"The deep-time history of soils and plants.","authors":"Christine Strullu-Derrien, Matthias C Rillig","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.02.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2026.02.021","url":null,"abstract":"For a large community of ecosystem ecologists, plant-soil interactions have moved center stage in the understanding of both plant and soil ecology. Frequently, plants are deemed to be the main drivers of these interactions. However, soils existed before the evolution of land plants (i.e., embryophytes), and terrestrial communities were already highly diverse around 400 million years ago (Ma), reflecting an earlier origin of the organisms that populated them. But which organisms were contemporaneous at the origin of soil and in what type of environment they lived is not well established. Here, we trace the development of soil and its biotic components from the beginnings, about one billion years ago (Ga), by using the fossil record and geochemical data. We show that the first terrestrial ecosystems were probably situated near the ocean, where organisms were already adapted to high oxygen pressures and where plants were not yet present. Drawing on this, we discuss the need to rethink the primacy of plants in modern terrestrial ecosystems, considering that persistence of the soil system over deep time could help explain the enormous current biodiversity found in soil. We advocate for a shift in perspective by embracing a vision of terrestrial ecosystems with interdependent and equally important above- and below-ground system compartments. Finally, we highlight the importance of 'bending the curve' on the increasing rate of soil degradation and loss of soil health, and we discuss the outlook for the future of soils and their interactions with plants.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":"36 20","pages":"R1122-R1129"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trace fossils. 跟踪化石。

IF 7.7 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.039

Michael Benton

引用次数: 0

Mitochondrial proteome of the apicomplexan Babesia divergens. 顶复合体和巴贝斯虫分化体的线粒体蛋白质组学。

IF 7.7 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-19 Epub Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2026.08.072

Cora N Betsinger, Sarah E Calvo, Syed Yusuf Mian, Niel C Bauer, Aditya S Paul, Donovan L Batzli, Cameron Genxuan Lian, Brian W Boyle, Keith D Rivera, Sreelakshmi K Sreenivasamurthy, Jason G McCoy, Michael Z Chen, Tiana M Issa, Jonathan A Stefely, Jeffrey D Dvorin, Namrata D Udeshi, Manoj T Duraisingh, Vamsi K Mootha

{"title":"Mitochondrial proteome of the apicomplexan Babesia divergens.","authors":"Cora N Betsinger, Sarah E Calvo, Syed Yusuf Mian, Niel C Bauer, Aditya S Paul, Donovan L Batzli, Cameron Genxuan Lian, Brian W Boyle, Keith D Rivera, Sreelakshmi K Sreenivasamurthy, Jason G McCoy, Michael Z Chen, Tiana M Issa, Jonathan A Stefely, Jeffrey D Dvorin, Namrata D Udeshi, Manoj T Duraisingh, Vamsi K Mootha","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.08.072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.08.072","url":null,"abstract":"Babesia are tick-transmitted apicomplexan parasites of widespread medical and veterinary importance. Although atovaquone, a first-line therapy for human babesiosis, targets one of the three proteins encoded by mitochondrial DNA, a full characterization of the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteome is lacking. Here, we combined organelle immunoprecipitation and density gradient separation to enrich mitochondria from Babesia divergens. Using protein mass spectrometry and protein correlation profiling, we generated B. divergens MitoCarta (BdMitoCarta), a high-confidence inventory of 525 mitochondrial proteins. The B. divergens mitoproteome is broadly conserved across Apicomplexa, which, as a clade, have undergone reductive evolution. As seen in other apicomplexans, metabolite transport and the TCA cycle have diverged, with loss of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, presence of malate:quinone oxidoreductase, and a class I fumarate hydratase. Specific to Babesia is the presence of two mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase homologs. Using isolated mitochondria, we performed blue native PAGE complexome analysis and detected previously uncharacterized proteins co-migrating with the ATP synthase and mitochondrial ribosome. Our work has yielded the first mitochondrial proteome and complexome for Babesia, which we expect to be a valuable resource for understanding the evolution of apicomplexan parasites for future therapeutic development.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"5141-5155.e10"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrical synapses mediate visual orientation behavior. 电突触介导视觉定向行为。

IF 7.7 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.060

Giovanni Frighetto, Mark Dombrovski, Lesly M Palacios Castillo, Pratap Meera, Parmis S Mirshahidi, Pegah S Mirshahidi, Piero Sanfilippo, Andrea Vaccari, Pratyush Kandimalla, Volker Hartenstein, Yerbol Z Kurmangaliyev, S Lawrence Zipursky, Mark A Frye

{"title":"Electrical synapses mediate visual orientation behavior.","authors":"Giovanni Frighetto, Mark Dombrovski, Lesly M Palacios Castillo, Pratap Meera, Parmis S Mirshahidi, Pegah S Mirshahidi, Piero Sanfilippo, Andrea Vaccari, Pratyush Kandimalla, Volker Hartenstein, Yerbol Z Kurmangaliyev, S Lawrence Zipursky, Mark A Frye","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.060","url":null,"abstract":"Animals constantly detect and orient toward salient visual objects, but the neural circuits underlying this process remain poorly understood. We previously showed that T3 neurons, a visual columnar cell type in Drosophila melanogaster, drive saccadic orientation toward visual landmarks during flight. Here, we identify LC17 neurons, a visual projection cell type, as T3 downstream partners for saccadic visual orientation. Using in vivo optical physiology and virtual reality behavior, we demonstrate that LC17 neurons are broadly tuned to visual objects and necessary for object tracking during flight. Notably, this tracking behavior depends on electrical synapses. We show that the innexin Shaking B (ShakB), which forms gap junctions in the fly brain, is highly expressed in LC17 dendrites. Additionally, LC17-specific knockdown of shakB perturbs the cell physiological visual response and impairs the behavioral readout of object motion vision for saccadic orientation. Our findings reveal the mechanisms underlying visual orientation and highlight the interplay between electrical and chemical neurotransmission for object detection and rapid action selection.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional roles of abyssal benthos in sustaining polymetallic nodule fields. 深海底栖生物在维持多金属结核场中的功能作用。

IF 7.7 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.080

Loïc Van Audenhaege, Daniel O B Jones, Jennifer M Durden, Bethany F M Fleming, Alejandra Mejía-Saenz, Andrew K Sweetman, Erik Simon-Lledó

{"title":"Functional roles of abyssal benthos in sustaining polymetallic nodule fields.","authors":"Loïc Van Audenhaege, Daniel O B Jones, Jennifer M Durden, Bethany F M Fleming, Alejandra Mejía-Saenz, Andrew K Sweetman, Erik Simon-Lledó","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.080","url":null,"abstract":"Polymetallic nodules form a critical habitat in the abyssal plain ecosystems where they occur, supporting high benthic biodiversity.1 They form over millions of years in areas of extremely low sediment accumulation rates,2,3 but it is unclear how the nodules remain on the surface, and hence are available for benthic biota. Here, we use seabed time-lapse photography to explore the potential role of benthic faunal behavior in the maintenance of polymetallic nodules on the seabed surface. We observed several species directly removing sediment from the nodule surface, mainly holothurians and gastropods, and infauna activity causing nodule uplift. Derived estimates of the area covered by animal movements, as a proxy for benthic activity,4,5 indicated that yearly to decadal timescales are needed to remove sediment from and uplift all nodules within the field of view. If these behaviors significantly counteract nodule burial over the long term, then benthic activity may be a key mechanism in nodule maintenance,6,7 as hypothesized for over 40 years.8 This essential function for the maintenance of abyssal biodiversity in nodule-field seascapes has been largely overlooked, highlighting that substantial gaps in knowledge remain in our understanding of the functioning of nodule-field ecosystems. Improving the assessment of habitat engineers may enhance predictions of ecosystem resilience if commercial mining activities occur. However, this study opens new opportunities for monitoring benthic ecosystem functioning to provide a more holistic understanding of abyssal ecosystem status and dynamics.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crop engineering: Plant genes tied to the weather. 作物工程：与天气有关的植物基因。

IF 7.7 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.002

Ariel M Sorg, James W Satterlee

引用次数: 0

Deep microbial biosphere. 深层微生物生物圈。

IF 7.7 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2026.03.074

Rachel C Beaver, Josh D Neufeld

{"title":"Deep microbial biosphere.","authors":"Rachel C Beaver, Josh D Neufeld","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.03.074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.03.074","url":null,"abstract":"The deep microbial biosphere is a vast ecosystem extending kilometers beneath Earth's surface in terrestrial rocks, aquifers, marine sediments, and oceanic crust. Blocked from sunlight, and often severely limited in organic carbon and oxygen, these environments host microorganisms sustained by energy sources such as hydrogen gas, reduced metals, and sulfur compounds. Over the past few decades, advances in sampling, cultivation-independent methods, and deep-sea drilling have revealed diverse bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic life in the subsurface, including still poorly understood lineages with unusual metabolic strategies. Despite extreme energy limitation and often harsh conditions, subsurface microorganisms persist through adaptations and strategies such as metabolic versatility, streamlined genomes, efficient carbon fixation pathways, and slow growth. Collectively, microbial communities exert an important yet poorly constrained influence on Earth's long-term carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen cycles. Although uncertainties remain related to rates of metabolic activity, generation times, and global contributions to biogeochemical cycles, the deep biosphere has emerged as a central component of Earth's biosphere and is growing in relevance as human activities increasingly intersect with the deep subsurface.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":"36 20","pages":"R1110-R1115"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A high-confidence inventory of the proteins in the mitochondrion-related organelle of Giardia. 贾第鞭毛虫线粒体相关细胞器中蛋白质的高可信度清单。

IF 7.7 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-19 Epub Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2026.07.074

Manish Goyal, Tiana M Issa, Jonathan A Stefely, Kailash Venkatraman, Jason G McCoy, Stephanie S Lam, Michael Z Chen, Khanh Nguyen, Cameron Genxuan Lian, Pierre M Jean-Beltran, Michelle Y Fry, Bridget E Luce, Luke H Chao, Steven A Carr, Namrata D Udeshi, Sarah E Calvo, Vamsi K Mootha, John Samuelson

{"title":"A high-confidence inventory of the proteins in the mitochondrion-related organelle of Giardia.","authors":"Manish Goyal, Tiana M Issa, Jonathan A Stefely, Kailash Venkatraman, Jason G McCoy, Stephanie S Lam, Michael Z Chen, Khanh Nguyen, Cameron Genxuan Lian, Pierre M Jean-Beltran, Michelle Y Fry, Bridget E Luce, Luke H Chao, Steven A Carr, Namrata D Udeshi, Sarah E Calvo, Vamsi K Mootha, John Samuelson","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.07.074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.07.074","url":null,"abstract":"Giardia lamblia is a microaerophilic protozoan parasite that infects nearly 280 million people worldwide each year. Giardia lacks a mitochondrial genome and mitochondrial enzymes for oxidative phosphorylation. However, it retains mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs) that house an iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly pathway. To date, 32 MRO proteins have been identified with high confidence. Purifying MROs is extremely challenging due to their small size and low abundance. Here, as part of the MitoCarta Tree of Life Consortium, we used large-scale culture, density gradient fractionation, affinity purification, data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS), protein-correlation profiling, and confocal microscopy to generate the Giardia MitoCarta (GlMitoCarta) inventory. GlMitoCarta consists of 59 proteins, 27 of which are new and 34 with unknown function. Metronidazole unexpectedly upregulates many components of the MRO. Immunoprecipitation (IP)-MS analysis reveals that MROX6 and MROX13, proteins of unknown function, reciprocally interact and share an overlapping interactome related to ISC biology. Further, we identify MOMTiP-4 as a likely MRO inner membrane solute transporter that structurally resembles and functionally complements the yeast SLC25A carrier, Mtm1. The GlMitoCarta resource is freely available and should serve as a valuable foundation for systematic and mechanistic studies of MRO biology and Giardia pathogenesis.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"5125-5140.e16"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13643923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hunger recruits a parallel circuit encoding alcohol reward. 饥饿激活了一个编码酒精奖励的平行回路。

IF 7.7 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.057

Kavin M Nuñez, Lewis M Sherer, Anthony Walley, Sarah Salamon, Vivian M Chan, Mustafa Talay, Gilad Barnea, R Steven Stowers, Karla R Kaun

{"title":"Hunger recruits a parallel circuit encoding alcohol reward.","authors":"Kavin M Nuñez, Lewis M Sherer, Anthony Walley, Sarah Salamon, Vivian M Chan, Mustafa Talay, Gilad Barnea, R Steven Stowers, Karla R Kaun","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.057","url":null,"abstract":"Internal states like hunger, pain, thirst, and arousal can bias behavior by affecting sensory and memory processing. Internal states are critical to understand in the context of alcohol addiction because they influence cravings, reinstatement, and relapse. Norepinephrine plays a key role in both hunger and alcohol-induced arousal and preference, but the circuit-level mechanisms through which it modulates the influence of hunger on alcohol preference are not well understood. We sought to address this using intersectional genetic tools for manipulating neurons expressing octopamine, the invertebrate analog of vertebrate norepinephrine. We identified a single octopamine neuron required for ethanol seeking only when Drosophila are food deprived. Hunger increased baseline activity in this neuron, thus making it more responsive to an odor cue previously paired with ethanol. A combination of genetic and connectome analyses revealed that the synaptic partners of this octopaminergic neuron form a functional module that acts on Drosophila memory circuitry. Thus, we show that hunger recruits a parallel circuit that drives learned ethanol preference, providing a neuronal framework through which internal state influences the expression of memory for ethanol-associated cues. VIDEO ABSTRACT.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13681443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0